# Polish translation of manpages # This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. # Copyright © of this file: # Gwidon S. Naskrent , 1998. # Andrzej Krzysztofowicz , 2002. # Michał Kułach , 2013, 2014, 2016. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: manpages-pl\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 17:13+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2016-05-03 15:00+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Michał Kułach \n" "Language-Team: Polish \n" "Language: pl\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 1.5\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 " "|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "UTF-8" msgstr "UTF-8" #. type: TH #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "2024-01-28" msgstr "28 stycznia 2024 r." #. type: TH #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "NAZWA" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "UTF-8 - an ASCII compatible multibyte Unicode encoding" msgstr "UTF-8 - zgodne z ASCII wielobajtowe kodowanie Unikodowe" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "OPIS" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " #| "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-" #| "bit words. Such strings can contain\\(emas part of many 16-bit " #| "characters\\(embytes such as \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq, which have a " #| "special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " #| "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" #| "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " #| "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " #| "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal " #| "Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " #| "space\\(em31\\ bits\\(emand the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " #| "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgid "" "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-bit " "words. Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit " "characters\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have " "a special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO/IEC 10646 Universal " "Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " "space\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgstr "" "Zestaw znaków B zajmuje szesnastobitową przestrzeń kodową. " "Najprostsze kodowanie Unikodowe (znane jako B) składa się z " "sekwencji słów szesnastobitowych. Takie łańcuchy mogą zawierać jako część " "wielu znaków 16-bitowych bajty takie jak '\\e0' lub '/', które mają " "specjalne znaczenie w nazwach plików i innych parametrach funkcji z " "biblioteki C. Dodatkowo, większość narzędzi uniksowych spodziewa się plików " "ASCII i nie potrafi bez znacznych modyfikacji czytać słów 16-bitowych jako " "znaków. Z tych powodów B nie jest pożądanym zewnętrznym kodowaniem " "B w nazwach plików, plikach tekstowych, zmiennych środowiskowych " "itd. B, nadzbiór Unicode, zajmuje " "nawet przestrzeń 31-bitową i oczywiste dlań kodowanie B (sekwencja " "słów 32-bitowych) stwarza te same problemy." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The UTF-8 encoding of Unicode and UCS does not have these problems and is " "the common way in which Unicode is used on UNIX-style operating systems." msgstr "" "Kodowanie B dla B i B nie ma tych problemów i jest " "słuszną metodą używania zestawu znaków B w systemach operacyjnych " "wzorowanych na UNIX-ie." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Properties" msgstr "WŁAŚCIWOŚCI" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The UTF-8 encoding has the following nice properties:" msgstr "Kodowanie B ma następujące przydatne właściwości:" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "*" msgstr "*" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) " "are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility). This means " "that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters have the " "same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8 ." msgstr "" "B znaki od 0x00000000 do 0x0000007f (klasyczne znaki B) " "zakodowane są po prostu jako bajty 0x00 do 0x7f (zgodność z ASCII). Oznacza " "to, że pliki i łańcuchy które zawierają tylko siedmiobitowe znaki ASCII mają " "takie samo kodowanie i w B i w B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "All UCS characters greater than 0x7f are encoded as a multibyte sequence " #| "consisting only of bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xfd, so no ASCII byte can " #| "appear as part of another character and there are no problems with, for " #| "example, \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq." msgid "" "All UCS characters greater than 0x7f are encoded as a multibyte sequence " "consisting only of bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xfd, so no ASCII byte can " "appear as part of another character and there are no problems with, for " "example, \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq]." msgstr "" "Wszystkie znaki B E 0x7f zakodowane są jako wielobajtowy ciąg " "składający się tylko z bajtów w zakresie 0x80 do 0xfd, tak więc żadne bajty " "ASCII nie mogą się pojawić jako część innego znaku i nie występują tam " "problemy z np. \\&'\\e0' czy '/'." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The lexicographic sorting order of UCS-4 strings is preserved." msgstr "" "Zachowany jest leksykograficzny porządek sortowania łańcuchów w B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "All possible 2^31 UCS codes can be encoded using UTF-8." msgid "All possible 2\\[ha]31 UCS codes can be encoded using UTF-8." msgstr "" "Za pomocą B można zakodować wszystkie z możliwych 2^31 kodów UCS." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The bytes 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe, and 0xff are never used in the UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" "Bajty 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe i 0xff nie są nigdy używane w kodowaniu B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The first byte of a multibyte sequence which represents a single non-ASCII " "UCS character is always in the range 0xc2 to 0xfd and indicates how long " "this multibyte sequence is. All further bytes in a multibyte sequence are " "in the range 0x80 to 0xbf. This allows easy resynchronization and makes the " "encoding stateless and robust against missing bytes." msgstr "" "Pierwszy bajt ciągu wielobajtowego reprezentującego pojedynczy znak B " "nie-ASCII zawsze zawiera się w zakresie 0xc2 do 0xfd i wskazuje jak długi " "jest ów ciąg. Wszystkie pozostałe bajty takiego wielobajtowego ciągu " "zawierają się w zakresie od 0x80 do 0xbf. Pozwala to na łatwą " "resynchronizację i sprawia, że kodowanie jest niezależne od stanu [systemu] " "oraz odporne na brakujące bajty." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "UTF-8 encoded UCS characters may be up to six bytes long, however the " "Unicode standard specifies no characters above 0x10ffff, so Unicode " "characters can be only up to four bytes long in UTF-8." msgstr "" "Znaki B zakodowane w B mogą mieć długość do sześciu bajtów, " "jakkolwiek standard B nie definiuje znaków powyżej 0x10ffff, więc " "znaki Unicode mogą mieć maksymalnie cztery bajty w B." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Encoding" msgstr "KODOWANIE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The following byte sequences are used to represent a character. The " "sequence to be used depends on the UCS code number of the character:" msgstr "" "Do reprezentacji znaku używane są następujące ciągi bajtów. Ciąg, którego " "należy użyć zależy od numeru kodu UCS znaku:" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:" msgstr "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "0I" msgstr "0I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:" msgstr "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "110I 10I" msgstr "110I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:" msgstr "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "1110I 10I 10I" msgstr "1110I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:" msgstr "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11110I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "11110I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:" msgstr "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:" msgstr "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "1111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "" "1111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The I bit positions are filled with the bits of the character code " #| "number in binary representation. Only the shortest possible multibyte " #| "sequence which can represent the code number of the character can be used." msgid "" "The I bit positions are filled with the bits of the character code " "number in binary representation, most significant bit first (big-endian). " "Only the shortest possible multibyte sequence which can represent the code " "number of the character can be used." msgstr "" "Pozycje bitowe I zostają wypełnione bitami numeru kodu znaku w " "reprezentacji dwójkowej. Może zostać użyty tylko najkrótszy możliwy " "wielobajtowy ciąg, która reprezentuje numer kodowy danego znaku." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The UCS code values 0xd800\\(en0xdfff (UTF-16 surrogates) as well as " #| "0xfffe and 0xffff (UCS noncharacters) should not appear in conforming " #| "UTF-8 streams." msgid "" "The UCS code values 0xd800\\[en]0xdfff (UTF-16 surrogates) as well as 0xfffe " "and 0xffff (UCS noncharacters) should not appear in conforming UTF-8 " "streams. According to RFC 3629 no point above U+10FFFF should be used, " "which limits characters to four bytes." msgstr "" "Wartości kodowe B 0xd800\\(en0xdfff (zastępujące UTF-16), jak też " "0xfffe i 0xffff (nie-znaki w UCS) nie powinny wystąpić w strumieniach " "zgodnych z B." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Example" msgstr "PRZYKŁADY" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The Unicode character 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (the copyright sign) is encoded in " "UTF-8 as" msgstr "" "Znak B 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (znak copyright) kodowany jest w UTF-8 jako" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9" msgstr "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "and character 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (the \"not equal\" symbol) is " "encoded as:" msgstr "" "a znak 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (symbol \"nie równa się\") kodowany jest " "jako:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0" msgstr "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Application notes" msgstr "Uwagi o stosowaniu" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Users have to select a UTF-8 locale, for example with" msgstr "" "Aby włączyć obsługę locale B użytkownicy muszą wybrać na przykład" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8" msgstr "export LANG=pl_PL.UTF-8" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "in order to activate the UTF-8 support in applications." msgstr "aby aktywować obsługę B w aplikacjach." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Application software that has to be aware of the used character encoding " "should always set the locale with for example" msgstr "" "Oprogramowanie, które musi wiedzieć, jakie kodowanie znaków jest używane " "powinno zawsze ustawiać locale, na przykład za pomocą" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")" msgstr "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "and programmers can then test the expression" msgstr "a programiści mogą wówczas sprawdzać wartość wyrażenia" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0" msgstr "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "to determine whether a UTF-8 locale has been selected and whether " #| "therefore all plaintext standard input and output, terminal " #| "communication, plaintext file content, filenames and environment " #| "variables are encoded in UTF-8." msgid "" "to determine whether a UTF-8 locale has been selected and whether therefore " "all plaintext standard input and output, terminal communication, plaintext " "file content, filenames, and environment variables are encoded in UTF-8." msgstr "" "aby określić, czy zostało wybrane locale B i czy wszystko: " "standardowe wprowadzanie i wyprowadzanie danych otwartym tekstem, " "komunikacja terminalowa, zawartość plików tekstowych oraz zmienne " "środowiska, jest zakodowane w B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO " #| "8859 have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer " #| "valid in UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily " #| "correspond any more to a single character. Secondly, since modern " #| "terminal emulators in UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and " #| "Korean double-width characters as well as nonspacing combining " #| "characters, outputting a single character does not necessarily advance " #| "the cursor by one position as it did in ASCII. Library functions such as " #| "B(3) and B(3) should be used today to count " #| "characters and cursor positions." msgid "" "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO/" "IEC\\~8859 have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer " "valid in UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily " "correspond any more to a single character. Secondly, since modern terminal " "emulators in UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-" "width characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a " "single character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as " "it did in ASCII. Library functions such as B(3) and " "B(3) should be used today to count characters and cursor " "positions." msgstr "" "Programiści przyzwyczajeni do jednobajtowego kodowania takiego, jak B lub B muszą wiedzieć, że dwa z dotychczasowych założeń nie " "są spełnione w locale B. Po pierwsze, pojedynczy bajt niekoniecznie " "nadal odpowiada pojedynczemu znakowi. Po drugie, ponieważ nowoczesne " "emulatory terminali w trybie B wspierają również chińskie, japońskie " "i koreańskie B, jak też nie rozdzielone B, wyprowadzenie pojedynczego znaku niekoniecznie przesuwa kursor " "o jedną pozycję, jak to miało miejsce w B. Do zliczania znaków i " "pozycji kursora należy obecnie używać funkcji bibliotecznych takich, jak " "B(3) i B(3)." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO 2022 encoding scheme (as " #| "used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G " #| "(\"\\ex1b%G\"). The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 " #| "is ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Other ISO 2022 sequences (such as for " #| "switching the G0 and G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgid "" "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO/IEC\\~2022 encoding scheme " "(as used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G " "(\"\\ex1b%G\"). The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO/" "IEC\\~2022 is ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Other ISO/IEC\\~2022 sequences (such " "as for switching the G0 and G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgstr "" "Oficjalną sekwencją unikową przełączającą ze schematu kodowania B " "(używaną na przykład przez terminale VT100) do B jest ESC % G " "(\"\\ex1b%G\"). Odpowiadającą jej sekwencją powrotu z B do ISO 2022 " "jest ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Inne sekwencje ISO 2022 (takie jak " "przełączające zbiory G0 i G1) nie mają zastosowania w trybie UTF-8." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Security" msgstr "BEZPIECZEŃSTWO" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The Unicode and UCS standards require that producers of UTF-8 shall use the " "shortest form possible, for example, producing a two-byte sequence with " "first byte 0xc0 is nonconforming. Unicode 3.1 has added the requirement " "that conforming programs must not accept non-shortest forms in their input. " "This is for security reasons: if user input is checked for possible security " "violations, a program might check only for the ASCII version of \"/../\" or " "\";\" or NUL and overlook that there are many non-ASCII ways to represent " "these things in a non-shortest UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" "Standardy B i B wymagają, aby przy generowaniu B używać " "najkrótszej z możliwych postaci, np. generowanie dwubajtowej sekwencji o " "pierwszym bajcie 0xc0 nie jest zgodne ze standardem. B dodał " "wymaganie, aby zgodne ze standardem programy nie akceptowały innych niż " "najkrótsze postaci jako swoich danych wejściowych. Jest to związane z " "bezpieczeństwem: jeśli wprowadzane przez użytkownika dane są sprawdzane pod " "kątem możliwych naruszeń bezpieczeństwa, program może sprawdzać jedynie " "wersje B wystąpień \"/../\", \";\" lub NUL i przeoczyć, że jest wiele " "niezgodnych z B sposobów przedstawienia tych rzeczy w nienajkrótszym " "kodowaniu B." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Standards" msgstr "STANDARDY" #. .SH AUTHOR #. Markus Kuhn #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9." msgstr "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B(1), B(3), B(3), B(7), " "B(7)" msgstr "" "B(1), B(3), B(3), B(7), " "B(7)" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "2023-02-10" msgstr "10 lutego 2023 r." #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " #| "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-" #| "bit words. Such strings can contain\\(emas part of many 16-bit " #| "characters\\(embytes such as \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq, which have a " #| "special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " #| "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" #| "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " #| "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " #| "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal " #| "Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " #| "space\\(em31\\ bits\\(emand the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " #| "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgid "" "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-bit " "words. Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit " "characters\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have " "a special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal Character " "Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " "space\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgstr "" "Zestaw znaków B zajmuje szesnastobitową przestrzeń kodową. " "Najprostsze kodowanie Unikodowe (znane jako B) składa się z " "sekwencji słów szesnastobitowych. Takie łańcuchy mogą zawierać jako część " "wielu znaków 16-bitowych bajty takie jak '\\e0' lub '/', które mają " "specjalne znaczenie w nazwach plików i innych parametrach funkcji z " "biblioteki C. Dodatkowo, większość narzędzi uniksowych spodziewa się plików " "ASCII i nie potrafi bez znacznych modyfikacji czytać słów 16-bitowych jako " "znaków. Z tych powodów B nie jest pożądanym zewnętrznym kodowaniem " "B w nazwach plików, plikach tekstowych, zmiennych środowiskowych " "itd. B, nadzbiór Unicode, zajmuje " "nawet przestrzeń 31-bitową i oczywiste dlań kodowanie B (sekwencja " "słów 32-bitowych) stwarza te same problemy." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO 8859 " "have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer valid in " "UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily correspond any " "more to a single character. Secondly, since modern terminal emulators in " "UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-width " "characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a single " "character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as it did " "in ASCII. Library functions such as B(3) and B(3) " "should be used today to count characters and cursor positions." msgstr "" "Programiści przyzwyczajeni do jednobajtowego kodowania takiego, jak B lub B muszą wiedzieć, że dwa z dotychczasowych założeń nie " "są spełnione w locale B. Po pierwsze, pojedynczy bajt niekoniecznie " "nadal odpowiada pojedynczemu znakowi. Po drugie, ponieważ nowoczesne " "emulatory terminali w trybie B wspierają również chińskie, japońskie " "i koreańskie B, jak też nie rozdzielone B, wyprowadzenie pojedynczego znaku niekoniecznie przesuwa kursor " "o jedną pozycję, jak to miało miejsce w B. Do zliczania znaków i " "pozycji kursora należy obecnie używać funkcji bibliotecznych takich, jak " "B(3) i B(3)." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO 2022 encoding scheme (as " "used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\"). " "The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 is ESC % @ " "(\"\\ex1b%@\"). Other ISO 2022 sequences (such as for switching the G0 and " "G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgstr "" "Oficjalną sekwencją unikową przełączającą ze schematu kodowania B " "(używaną na przykład przez terminale VT100) do B jest ESC % G " "(\"\\ex1b%G\"). Odpowiadającą jej sekwencją powrotu z B do ISO 2022 " "jest ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Inne sekwencje ISO 2022 (takie jak " "przełączające zbiory G0 i G1) nie mają zastosowania w trybie UTF-8." #. type: TH #: debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "2023-03-12" msgstr "12 marca 2023 r." #. type: TH #: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.04"