# Brazilian Portuguese translation of manpages # This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. # Copyright © of this file: # André Luiz Fassone , 2000. # Carlos Augusto Horylka , 2000. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:14+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2000-05-31 17:26+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Carlos Augusto Horylka \n" "Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese \n" "Language: pt_BR\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 20.04.1\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "I" msgid "random" msgstr "I" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "2024-05-02" msgstr "2 maio 2024" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7" msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "NOME" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "random, urandom - kernel random number source devices" msgstr "random, urandom - dispositivo fonte de números aleatórios do kernel" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "SINOPSE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "#include Elinux/random.hE" msgid "#include Elinux/random.hE\n" msgstr "#include Elinux/random.hE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "BIB<, RND>IB<, >IB<);>\n" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "DESCRIÇÃO" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The character special files I and I (present " "since Linux 1.3.30) provide an interface to the kernel's random number " "generator. The file I has major device number 1 and minor " "device number 8. The file I has major device number 1 and " "minor device number 9." msgstr "" "O arquivo especial de caractere I e I (presentes " "desde o Linux 1.3.30) provem uma interface para um gerador de números " "aleatórios do kernel. O arquivo I tem número de dipositivo " "principal 1 e número de dispositivo secundário 8. O arquivo I " "tem número de dipositivo principal 1 e o número de dispositivo secundário 9." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The random number generator gathers environmental noise from device " #| "drivers and other sources into an entropy pool. The generator also keeps " #| "an estimate of the number of bit of the noise in the entropy pool. From " #| "this entropy pool random numbers are created." msgid "" "The random number generator gathers environmental noise from device drivers " "and other sources into an entropy pool. The generator also keeps an " "estimate of the number of bits of noise in the entropy pool. From this " "entropy pool, random numbers are created." msgstr "" "O gerador de números aleatórios recolhe ruídos do ambiente a partir de " "controladores de dispositivos e outras fontes dentro da poça de entropia. O " "gerador também guarda uma estimativa do número de bits do ruído na poça de " "entropia. A partir desta os números aleatórios são criados." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Linux 3.17 and later provides the simpler and safer B(2) " "interface which requires no special files; see the B(2) manual " "page for details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "When read, the I device returns random bytes using a " "pseudorandom number generator seeded from the entropy pool. Reads from this " "device do not block (i.e., the CPU is not yielded), but can incur an " "appreciable delay when requesting large amounts of data." msgstr "" #. This is a real problem; see #. commit 9b4d008787f864f17d008c9c15bbe8a0f7e2fc24 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "When read during early boot time, I may return data prior to " "the entropy pool being initialized. If this is of concern in your " "application, use B(2) or I instead." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I device is a legacy interface which dates back to a time " "where the cryptographic primitives used in the implementation of I were not widely trusted. It will return random bytes only within " "the estimated number of bits of fresh noise in the entropy pool, blocking if " "necessary. I is suitable for applications that need high " "quality randomness, and can afford indeterminate delays." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "When the entropy pool is empty, reads from I will block until " "additional environmental noise is gathered. Since Linux 5.6, the " "B flag is ignored as I will no longer block except " "during early boot process. In earlier versions, if B(2) is called " "for I with the B flag, a subsequent B(2) " "will not block if the requested number of bytes is not available. Instead, " "the available bytes are returned. If no byte is available, B(2) will " "return -1 and I will be set to B." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B flag has no effect when opening I. When " "calling B(2) for the device I, reads of up to 256 bytes " "will return as many bytes as are requested and will not be interrupted by a " "signal handler. Reads with a buffer over this limit may return less than " "the requested number of bytes or fail with the error B, if " "interrupted by a signal handler." msgstr "" #. commit 79a8468747c5f95ed3d5ce8376a3e82e0c5857fc #. SEC_XFER_SIZE in drivers/char/random.c #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Since Linux 3.16, a B(2) from I will return at most " "32\\ MB. A B(2) from I will return at most 512 bytes " "(340 bytes before Linux 2.6.12)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Writing to I or I will update the entropy pool " "with the data written, but this will not result in a higher entropy count. " "This means that it will impact the contents read from both files, but it " "will not make reads from I faster." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Usage" msgstr "Uso" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I interface is considered a legacy interface, and I is preferred and sufficient in all use cases, with the exception of " "applications which require randomness during early boot time; for these " "applications, B(2) must be used instead, because it will block " "until the entropy pool is initialized." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If a seed file is saved across reboots as recommended below, the output is " "cryptographically secure against attackers without local root access as soon " "as it is reloaded in the boot sequence, and perfectly adequate for network " "encryption session keys. (All major Linux distributions have saved the seed " "file across reboots since 2000 at least.) Since reads from I " "may block, users will usually want to open it in nonblocking mode (or " "perform a read with timeout), and provide some sort of user notification if " "the desired entropy is not immediately available." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Configuration" msgstr "Configurando" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If your system does not have I and I created " "already, they can be created with the following commands:" msgstr "" "Se seu sistema não tem I e I criados, eles podem " "ser criados com os seguintes comando:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "mknod -m 666 /dev/random c 1 8\n" "mknod -m 666 /dev/urandom c 1 9\n" "chown root:root /dev/random /dev/urandom\n" msgstr "" "mknod -m 666 /dev/random c 1 8\n" "mknod -m 666 /dev/urandom c 1 9\n" "chown root:root /dev/random /dev/urandom\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When a Linux system starts up without much operator interaction, the " #| "entropy pool may be in a fairly predictable state. This reduces the " #| "actual amount of noise in the entropy pool below the estimate. In order " #| "to counteract this effect, it helps to carry entropy pool information " #| "across shut-downs and start-ups. To do this, add the following lines to " #| "an appropriate script which is run during the Linux system start-up " #| "sequence:" msgid "" "When a Linux system starts up without much operator interaction, the entropy " "pool may be in a fairly predictable state. This reduces the actual amount " "of noise in the entropy pool below the estimate. In order to counteract " "this effect, it helps to carry entropy pool information across shut-downs " "and start-ups. To do this, add the lines to an appropriate script which is " "run during the Linux system start-up sequence:" msgstr "" "Quando um sistema Linux inicia sem muita interação com o operador, a poça de " "entropia pode ter um estado claramente previsível. Isto reduz a quantidade " "atual de ruído na poça de entropia abaixo do estimado. Para fazer cancelar " "este efeito, ele ajuda carregar informação na poça de entropia através de " "fechamento e ligamentos. Para fazer isto, adicione as linhas seguintes para " "um script apropriado o qual será executado durante a seqüencia de ligamento " "do sistema Linux:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "echo \"Initializing random number generator...\"\n" "random_seed=/var/run/random-seed\n" "# Carry a random seed from start-up to start-up\n" "# Load and then save the whole entropy pool\n" "if [ -f $random_seed ]; then\n" " cat $random_seed E/dev/urandom\n" "else\n" " touch $random_seed\n" "fi\n" "chmod 600 $random_seed\n" "poolfile=/proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize\n" "[ -r $poolfile ] && bits=$(cat $poolfile) || bits=4096\n" "bytes=$(expr $bits / 8)\n" "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_seed count=1 bs=$bytes\n" msgstr "" "echo \"Initializing random number generator...\"\n" "random_seed=/var/run/random-seed\n" "# Carry a random seed from start-up to start-up\n" "# Load and then save the whole entropy pool\n" "if [ -f $random_seed ]; then\n" " cat $random_seed E/dev/urandom\n" "else\n" " touch $random_seed\n" "fi\n" "chmod 600 $random_seed\n" "poolfile=/proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize\n" "[ -r $poolfile ] && bits=$(cat $poolfile) || bits=4096\n" "bytes=$(expr $bits / 8)\n" "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_seed count=1 bs=$bytes\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Also, add the following lines in an appropriate script which is run during " "the Linux system shutdown:" msgstr "" "Além disso, adicionando as seguintes linhas em um script apropriado o qual é " "executado durante o fechamento do sistema Linux:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "# Carry a random seed from shut-down to start-up\n" "# Save the whole entropy pool\n" "echo \"Saving random seed...\"\n" "random_seed=/var/run/random-seed\n" "touch $random_seed\n" "chmod 600 $random_seed\n" "poolfile=/proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize\n" "[ -r $poolfile ] && bits=$(cat $poolfile) || bits=4096\n" "bytes=$(expr $bits / 8)\n" "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_seed count=1 bs=$bytes\n" msgstr "" "# Carry a random seed from shut-down to start-up\n" "# Save the whole entropy pool\n" "echo \"Saving random seed...\"\n" "random_seed=/var/run/random-seed\n" "touch $random_seed\n" "chmod 600 $random_seed\n" "poolfile=/proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize\n" "[ -r $poolfile ] && bits=$(cat $poolfile) || bits=4096\n" "bytes=$(expr $bits / 8)\n" "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_seed count=1 bs=$bytes\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "In the above examples, we assume Linux 2.6.0 or later, where I returns the size of the entropy pool in bits (see " "below)." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "/proc interfaces" msgstr "Interfaces /proc" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The files in the directory I (present since Linux " "2.3.16) provide additional information about the I device:" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "I" msgstr "I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This read-only file gives the available entropy, in bits. This will be a " "number in the range 0 to 4096." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "I" msgstr "I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This file gives the size of the entropy pool. The semantics of this file " "vary across kernel versions:" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Linux 2.4:" msgstr "Linux 2.4:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This file gives the size of the entropy pool in I. Normally, this " "file will have the value 512, but it is writable, and can be changed to any " "value for which an algorithm is available. The choices are 32, 64, 128, " "256, 512, 1024, or 2048." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Linux 2.6 and later:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This file is read-only, and gives the size of the entropy pool in I. " "It contains the value 4096." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "I" msgstr "I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This file contains the number of bits of entropy required for waking up " "processes that sleep waiting for entropy from I. The default " "is 64." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "I" msgstr "I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This file contains the number of bits of entropy below which we wake up " "processes that do a B