# Russian translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Azamat Hackimov <azamat.hackimov@gmail.com>, 2014.
# Dmitriy S. Seregin <dseregin@59.ru>, 2013.
# Dmitry Bolkhovskikh <d20052005@yandex.ru>, 2017.
# Katrin Kutepova <blackkatelv@gmail.com>, 2018.
# Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>, 2011-2019.
# Иван Павлов <pavia00@gmail.com>, 2017.
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-27 19:23+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-10-05 07:56+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <man-pages-ru-talks@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: ru\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"

#. type: Dd
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "October 2021"
msgid "October 11, 2017"
msgstr "октябрь 2021 г."

#. type: Dt
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "CRYPT"
msgid "CRYPT 3"
msgstr "CRYPT"

#. type: Os
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Openwall Project"
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "ИМЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "E<.Nm crypt , crypt_r , crypt_rn , crypt_ra>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Nd
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "passphrase hashing"
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "LIBRARY"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "E<.Lb libcrypt>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr "СИНТАКСИС"

#. type: In
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "crypt.h"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Ft \"char *\"> E<.Fo crypt> E<.Fa \"const char *phrase\"> E<.Fa \"const "
"char *setting\"> E<.Fc> E<.Ft \"char *\"> E<.Fo crypt_r> E<.Fa \"const char "
"*phrase\"> E<.Fa \"const char *setting\"> E<.Fa \"struct crypt_data *data\"> "
"E<.Fc> E<.Ft \"char *\"> E<.Fo crypt_rn> E<.Fa \"const char *phrase\"> E<.Fa "
"\"const char *setting\"> E<.Fa \"struct crypt_data *data\"> E<.Fa \"int size"
"\"> E<.Fc> E<.Ft \"char *\"> E<.Fo crypt_ra> E<.Fa \"const char *phrase\"> "
"E<.Fa \"const char *setting\"> E<.Fa \"void **data\"> E<.Fa \"int *size\"> "
"E<.Fc>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "ОПИСАНИЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"The E<.Nm crypt>, E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and E<.Nm crypt_ra> "
"functions irreversibly E<.Dq hash> E<.Fa phrase> for storage in the system "
"password database E<.Pq Xr shadow 5> using a cryptographic E<.Dq hashing "
"method.> The result of this operation is called a E<.Dq hashed passphrase> "
"or just a E<.Dq hash.> Hashing methods are described in E<.Xr crypt 5>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Fa setting> controls which hashing method to use, and also supplies "
"various parameters to the chosen method, most importantly a random E<.Dq "
"salt> which ensures that no two stored hashes are the same, even if the E<."
"Fa phrase> strings are the same."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"The E<.Fa data> argument to E<.Nm crypt_r> is a structure of type E<.Vt "
"\"struct crypt_data\">.  It has at least these fields:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct crypt_data {\n"
"    char output[CRYPT_OUTPUT_SIZE];\n"
"    char setting[CRYPT_OUTPUT_SIZE];\n"
"    char input[CRYPT_MAX_PASSPHRASE_SIZE];\n"
"    char initialized;\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Upon a successful return from E<.Nm crypt_r>, the hashed passphrase will be "
"stored in E<.Fa output>.  Applications are encouraged, but not required, to "
"use the E<.Fa input> and E<.Fa setting> fields to store the strings that "
"they will pass as E<.Fa input phrase> and E<.Fa setting> to E<.Nm crypt_r>.  "
"This will make it easier to erase all sensitive data after it is no longer "
"needed."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"The E<.Fa initialized> field must be set to zero before the first time a E<."
"Vt \"struct crypt_data\"> object is first used in a call to E<.Fn crypt_r>.  "
"We recommend zeroing the entire object, not just E<.Fa initialized> and not "
"just the documented fields, before the first use.  (Of course, do this "
"before storing anything in E<.Fa setting> and E<.Fa input>.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"The E<.Fa data> argument to E<.Nm crypt_rn> should also point to a E<.Vt "
"\"struct crypt_data\"> object, and E<.Fa size> should be the size of that "
"object, cast to E<.Vt int>.  When used with E<.Nm crypt_rn>, the entire E<."
"Fa data> object (except for the E<.Fa input> and E<.Fa setting> fields) must "
"be zeroed before its first use; this is not just a recommendation, as it is "
"for E<.Nm crypt_r>.  Otherwise, the fields of the object have the same uses "
"that they do for E<.Nm crypt_r>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"On the first call to E<.Nm crypt_ra>, E<.Fa data> should be the address of a "
"E<.Vt \"void *\"> variable set to NULL, and E<.Fa size> should be the "
"address of an E<.Vt int> variable set to zero.  E<.Nm crypt_ra> will "
"allocate and initialize a E<.Vt \"struct crypt_data\"> object, using E<.Xr "
"malloc 3>, and write its address and size into the variables pointed to by "
"E<.Fa data> and E<.Fa size>.  These can be reused in subsequent calls.  "
"After the application is done hashing passphrases, it should deallocate the "
"E<.Vt \"struct crypt_data\"> object using E<.Xr free 3>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "RETURN VALUES"
msgstr "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Upon successful completion, E<.Nm crypt>, E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, "
"and E<.Nm crypt_ra> return a pointer to a string which encodes both the "
"hashed passphrase, and the settings that were used to encode it.  This "
"string is directly usable as E<.Fa setting> in other calls to E<.Nm crypt>, "
"E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and E<.Nm crypt_ra>, and as E<.Fa prefix> "
"in calls to E<.Nm crypt_gensalt>, E<.Nm crypt_gensalt_rn>, and E<.Nm "
"crypt_gensalt_ra>.  It will be entirely printable ASCII, and will not "
"contain whitespace or the characters E<.Sq Li \\&:>, E<.Sq Li \\&;>, E<.Sq "
"Li \\&*>, E<.Sq Li \\&!>, or E<.Sq Li \\&\\e>.  See E<.Xr crypt 5> for more "
"detail on the format of hashed passphrases."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt> places its result in a static storage area, which will be "
"overwritten by subsequent calls to E<.Nm crypt>.  It is not safe to call E<."
"Nm crypt> from multiple threads simultaneously."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and E<.Nm crypt_ra> place their result in "
"the E<.Fa output> field of their E<.Fa data> argument.  It is safe to call "
"them from multiple threads simultaneously, as long as a separate E<.Fa data> "
"object is used for each thread."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Upon error, E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and E<.Nm crypt_ra> write an E<."
"Em invalid> hashed passphrase to the E<.Fa output> field of their E<.Fa "
"data> argument, and E<.Nm crypt> writes an invalid hash to its static "
"storage area.  This string will be shorter than 13 characters, will begin "
"with a E<.Sq Li \\&*>, and will not compare equal to E<.Fa setting>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Upon error, E<.Nm crypt_rn> and E<.Nm crypt_ra> return a null pointer.  E<."
"Nm crypt_r> and E<.Nm crypt> may also return a null pointer, or they may "
"return a pointer to the invalid hash, depending on how libcrypt was "
"configured.  (The option to return the invalid hash is for compatibility "
"with old applications that assume that E<.Nm crypt> cannot return a null "
"pointer.  See E<.Sx PORTABILITY NOTES> below.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "All four functions set E<.Va errno> when they fail."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "ERRORS"
msgstr "ОШИБКИ"

#. type: It
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "B<EINVAL>"
msgid "Er EINVAL"
msgstr "B<EINVAL>"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Fa setting> is invalid, or requests a hashing method that is not "
"supported."
msgstr ""

#. type: It
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "B<ERANGE>"
msgid "Er ERANGE"
msgstr "B<ERANGE>"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Fa phrase> is too long (more than E<.Dv CRYPT_MAX_PASSPHRASE_SIZE> "
"characters; some hashing methods may have lower limits)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt_rn> only: E<.Fa size> is too small for the hashing method "
"requested by E<.Fa setting>."
msgstr ""

#. type: It
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "B<ENOMEM>"
msgid "Er ENOMEM"
msgstr "B<ENOMEM>"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Could not allocate memory."
msgid "Failed to allocate internal scratch memory."
msgstr "Невозможно выделить память."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "E<.Nm crypt_ra> only: failed to allocate memory for E<.Fa data>."
msgstr ""

#. type: It
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Er ENOSYS No or Er EOPNOTSUPP"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Hashing passphrases is not supported at all on this installation, or the "
"hashing method requested by E<.Fa setting> is not supported.  These error "
"codes are not used by this version of libcrypt, but may be encountered on "
"other systems."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "CAPABILITIES"
msgid "PORTABILITY NOTES"
msgstr "CAPABILITIES"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt> is included in POSIX, but E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and "
"E<.Nm crypt_ra> are not part of any standard."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"POSIX does not specify any hashing methods, and does not require hashed "
"passphrases to be portable between systems.  In practice, hashed passphrases "
"are portable as long as both systems support the hashing method that was "
"used.  However, the set of supported hashing methods varies considerably "
"from system to system."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"The behavior of E<.Nm crypt> on errors isn't well standardized.  Some "
"implementations simply can't fail (except by crashing the program), others "
"return a null pointer or a fixed string.  Most implementations don't set E<."
"Va errno>, but some do.  POSIX specifies returning a null pointer and "
"setting E<.Va errno>, but it defines only one possible error, E<.Er ENOSYS>, "
"in the case where E<.Nm crypt> is not supported at all.  Some older "
"applications are not prepared to handle null pointers returned by E<.Nm "
"crypt>.  The behavior described above for this implementation, setting E<.Va "
"errno> and returning an invalid hashed passphrase different from E<.Fa "
"setting>, is chosen to make these applications fail closed when an error "
"occurs."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Due to historical restrictions on the export of cryptographic software from "
"the USA, E<.Nm crypt> is an optional POSIX component.  Applications should "
"therefore be prepared for E<.Nm crypt> not to be available, or to always "
"fail (setting E<.Va errno> to E<.Er ENOSYS>)  at runtime."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "POSIX specifies that E<.Nm crypt> is declared in"
msgstr ""

#. type: In
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "unistd.h ,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"but only if the macro E<.Dv _XOPEN_CRYPT> is defined and has a value greater "
"than or equal to zero.  Since libcrypt does not provide"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"it declares E<.Nm crypt>, E<.Nm crypt_r>, E<.Nm crypt_rn>, and E<.Nm "
"crypt_ra> in"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid "instead."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"On a minority of systems (notably recent versions of Solaris), E<.Nm crypt> "
"uses a thread-specific static storage buffer, which makes it safe to call "
"from multiple threads simultaneously, but does not prevent each call within "
"a thread from overwriting the results of the previous one."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "BUGS"
msgstr "ОШИБКИ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Some implementations of E<.Nm crypt>, upon error, return an invalid hash "
"that is stored in a read-only location or only initialized once, which means "
"that it is only safe to erase the buffer pointed to by the E<.Nm crypt> "
"return value if an error did not occur."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Vt \"struct crypt_data\"> may be quite large (32kB in this implementation "
"of libcrypt; over 128kB in some other implementations).  This is large "
"enough that it may be unwise to allocate it on the stack."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"Some recently designed hashing methods need even more scratch memory, but "
"the E<.Nm crypt_r> interface makes it impossible to change the size of E<.Vt "
"\"struct crypt_data\"> without breaking binary compatibility.  The E<.Nm "
"crypt_rn> interface could accommodate larger allocations for specific "
"hashing methods, but the caller of E<.Nm crypt_rn> has no way of knowing how "
"much memory to allocate.  E<.Nm crypt_ra> does the allocation itself, but "
"can only make a single call to E<.Xr malloc 3>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "ATTRIBUTES"
msgstr "АТРИБУТЫ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see "
#| "B<attributes>(7)."
msgid ""
"For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see E<.Xr attributes "
"7>."
msgstr "Описание терминов данного раздела смотрите в B<attributes>(7)."

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Interface"
msgstr "Интерфейс"

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Attribute"
msgstr "Атрибут"

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Value"
msgstr "Значение"

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid ".Nm crypt\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Thread safety"
msgstr "Безвредность в нитях"

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "MT-Unsafe race:crypt"
msgstr "MT-Unsafe race:crypt"

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid ".Nm crypt_r ,\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid ".Nm crypt_rn ,\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid ".Nm crypt_ra\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: tbl table
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "MT-Safe"
msgstr "MT-Safe"

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "HISTORY"
msgstr "ИСТОРИЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"A rotor-based E<.Nm crypt> function appeared in E<.At v6>.  The E<.Dq "
"traditional> DES-based E<.Nm crypt> first appeared in E<.At v7>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt_r> originates with the GNU C Library.  There's also a E<.Nm "
"crypt_r> function on HP-UX and MKS Toolkit, but the prototypes and semantics "
"differ."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Nm crypt_rn> and E<.Nm crypt_ra> originate with the Openwall project."
msgstr ""

#. type: Sh
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"E<.Xr crypt_gensalt 3>, E<.Xr getpass 3>, E<.Xr getpwent 3>, E<.Xr shadow "
"3>, E<.Xr login 1>, E<.Xr passwd 1>, E<.Xr crypt 5>, E<.Xr passwd 5>, E<.Xr "
"shadow 5>, E<.Xr pam 8>"
msgstr ""