# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 16:53+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "bootparam" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "2023-10-31" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "bootparam - introduction to boot time parameters of the Linux kernel" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The Linux kernel accepts certain 'command-line options' or 'boot time " "parameters' at the moment it is started. In general, this is used to supply " "the kernel with information about hardware parameters that the kernel would " "not be able to determine on its own, or to avoid/override the values that " "the kernel would otherwise detect." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "When the kernel is booted directly by the BIOS, you have no opportunity to " "specify any parameters. So, in order to take advantage of this possibility " "you have to use a boot loader that is able to pass parameters, such as GRUB." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "The argument list" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The kernel command line is parsed into a list of strings (boot arguments) " "separated by spaces. Most of the boot arguments have the form:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "name[=value_1][,value_2]...[,value_10]\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "where 'name' is a unique keyword that is used to identify what part of the " "kernel the associated values (if any) are to be given to. Note the limit of " "10 is real, as the present code handles only 10 comma separated parameters " "per keyword. (However, you can reuse the same keyword with up to an " "additional 10 parameters in unusually complicated situations, assuming the " "setup function supports it.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Most of the sorting is coded in the kernel source file I. " "First, the kernel checks to see if the argument is any of the special " "arguments 'root=', \\&'nfsroot=', 'nfsaddrs=', 'ro', 'rw', 'debug', or " "'init'. The meaning of these special arguments is described below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Then it walks a list of setup functions to see if the specified argument " "string (such as 'foo') has been associated with a setup function " "('foo_setup()') for a particular device or part of the kernel. If you " "passed the kernel the line foo=3,4,5,6 then the kernel would search the " "bootsetups array to see if 'foo' was registered. If it was, then it would " "call the setup function associated with 'foo' (foo_setup()) and hand it the " "arguments 3, 4, 5, and 6 as given on the kernel command line." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Anything of the form 'foo=bar' that is not accepted as a setup function as " "described above is then interpreted as an environment variable to be set. A " "(useless?) example would be to use 'TERM=vt100' as a boot argument." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Any remaining arguments that were not picked up by the kernel and were not " "interpreted as environment variables are then passed onto PID 1, which is " "usually the B(1) program. The most common argument that is passed to " "the I process is the word 'single' which instructs it to boot the " "computer in single user mode, and not launch all the usual daemons. Check " "the manual page for the version of B(1) installed on your system to " "see what arguments it accepts." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "General non-device-specific boot arguments" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'init=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This sets the initial command to be executed by the kernel. If this is not " "set, or cannot be found, the kernel will try I, then I, then I, then I and panic if all of this fails." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'nfsaddrs=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This sets the NFS boot address to the given string. This boot address is " "used in case of a net boot." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'nfsroot=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This sets the NFS root name to the given string. If this string does not " "begin with '/' or ',' or a digit, then it is prefixed by \\&'/tftpboot/'. " "This root name is used in case of a net boot." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'root=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This argument tells the kernel what device is to be used as the root " "filesystem while booting. The default of this setting is determined at " "compile time, and usually is the value of the root device of the system that " "the kernel was built on. To override this value, and select the second " "floppy drive as the root device, one would use 'root=/dev/fd1'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The root device can be specified symbolically or numerically. A symbolic " "specification has the form I, where XX designates the device type " "(e.g., 'hd' for ST-506 compatible hard disk, with Y in \\&'a'\\[en]'d'; 'sd' " "for SCSI compatible disk, with Y in 'a'\\[en]'e'), Y the driver letter or " "number, and N the number (in decimal) of the partition on this device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Note that this has nothing to do with the designation of these devices on " "your filesystem. The '/dev/' part is purely conventional." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The more awkward and less portable numeric specification of the above " "possible root devices in major/minor format is also accepted. (For example, " "I is major 8, minor 3, so you could use 'root=0x803' as an " "alternative.)" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'rootdelay='>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This parameter sets the delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to " "mount the root filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'rootflags=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This parameter sets the mount option string for the root filesystem (see " "also B(5))." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'rootfstype=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The 'rootfstype' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem as if " "it where of the type specified. This can be useful (for example) to mount " "an ext3 filesystem as ext2 and then remove the journal in the root " "filesystem, in fact reverting its format from ext3 to ext2 without the need " "to boot the box from alternate media." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'ro'> and B<'rw'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The 'ro' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem as 'read-only' " "so that filesystem consistency check programs (fsck) can do their work on a " "quiescent filesystem. No processes can write to files on the filesystem in " "question until it is 'remounted' as read/write capable, for example, by " "'mount -w -n -o remount /'. (See also B(8).)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The 'rw' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem read/write. " "This is the default." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'resume=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This tells the kernel the location of the suspend-to-disk data that you want " "the machine to resume from after hibernation. Usually, it is the same as " "your swap partition or file. Example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "resume=/dev/hda2\n" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'reserve=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This is used to protect I/O port regions from probes. The form of the " "command is:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "BI\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "In some machines it may be necessary to prevent device drivers from checking " "for devices (auto-probing) in a specific region. This may be because of " "hardware that reacts badly to the probing, or hardware that would be " "mistakenly identified, or merely hardware you don't want the kernel to " "initialize." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The reserve boot-time argument specifies an I/O port region that shouldn't " "be probed. A device driver will not probe a reserved region, unless another " "boot argument explicitly specifies that it do so." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "For example, the boot line" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "reserve=0x300,32 blah=0x300\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "keeps all device drivers except the driver for 'blah' from probing " "0x300-0x31f." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'panic=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "By default, the kernel will not reboot after a panic, but this option will " "cause a kernel reboot after N seconds (if N is greater than zero). This " "panic timeout can also be set by" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "echo N E /proc/sys/kernel/panic\n" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'reboot=[warm|cold][,[bios|hard]]'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Since Linux 2.0.22, a reboot is by default a cold reboot. One asks for the " "old default with 'reboot=warm'. (A cold reboot may be required to reset " "certain hardware, but might destroy not yet written data in a disk cache. A " "warm reboot may be faster.) By default, a reboot is hard, by asking the " "keyboard controller to pulse the reset line low, but there is at least one " "type of motherboard where that doesn't work. The option 'reboot=bios' will " "instead jump through the BIOS." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'nosmp'> and B<'maxcpus=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "(Only when __SMP__ is defined.) A command-line option of 'nosmp' or " "'maxcpus=0' will disable SMP activation entirely; an option 'maxcpus=N' " "limits the maximum number of CPUs activated in SMP mode to N." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Boot arguments for use by kernel developers" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'debug'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Kernel messages are handed off to a daemon (e.g., B(8) or similar) " "so that they may be logged to disk. Messages with a priority above " "I are also printed on the console. (For a discussion of " "log levels, see B(2).) By default, I is set to " "log messages at levels higher than B. This boot argument will " "cause the kernel to also print messages logged at level B. The " "console loglevel can also be set on a booted system via the I file (described in B(2)), the B(2) " "B operation, or B(8)." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'profile=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "It is possible to enable a kernel profiling function, if one wishes to find " "out where the kernel is spending its CPU cycles. Profiling is enabled by " "setting the variable I to a nonzero value. This is done either " "by specifying B at compile time, or by giving the 'profile=' " "option. Now the value that I gets will be N, when given, or " "B, when that is given, or 2, the default. The " "significance of this variable is that it gives the granularity of the " "profiling: each clock tick, if the system was executing kernel code, a " "counter is incremented:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "profile[address EE prof_shift]++;\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The raw profiling information can be read from I. Probably " "you'll want to use a tool such as readprofile.c to digest it. Writing to I will clear the counters." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Boot arguments for ramdisk use" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "(Only if the kernel was compiled with B.) In general it " "is a bad idea to use a ramdisk under Linux\\[em]the system will use " "available memory more efficiently itself. But while booting, it is often " "useful to load the floppy contents into a ramdisk. One might also have a " "system in which first some modules (for filesystem or hardware) must be " "loaded before the main disk can be accessed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "In Linux 1.3.48, ramdisk handling was changed drastically. Earlier, the " "memory was allocated statically, and there was a 'ramdisk=N' parameter to " "tell its size. (This could also be set in the kernel image at compile " "time.) These days ram disks use the buffer cache, and grow dynamically. " "For a lot of information on the current ramdisk setup, see the kernel source " "file I (I in " "older kernels)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "There are four parameters, two boolean and two integral." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'load_ramdisk=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If N=1, do load a ramdisk. If N=0, do not load a ramdisk. (This is the " "default.)" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'prompt_ramdisk=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If N=1, do prompt for insertion of the floppy. (This is the default.) If " "N=0, do not prompt. (Thus, this parameter is never needed.)" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'ramdisk_size=N'> or (obsolete) B<'ramdisk=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Set the maximal size of the ramdisk(s) to N kB. The default is 4096 (4\\ " "MB)." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'ramdisk_start=N'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Sets the starting block number (the offset on the floppy where the ramdisk " "starts) to N. This is needed in case the ramdisk follows a kernel image." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'noinitrd'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "(Only if the kernel was compiled with B and " "B.) These days it is possible to compile the kernel " "to use initrd. When this feature is enabled, the boot process will load the " "kernel and an initial ramdisk; then the kernel converts initrd into a " "\"normal\" ramdisk, which is mounted read-write as root device; then I is executed; afterward the \"real\" root filesystem is mounted, and " "the initrd filesystem is moved over to I; finally the usual boot " "sequence (e.g., invocation of I) is performed." msgstr "" #. commit 9d85025b0418163fae079c9ba8f8445212de8568 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For a detailed description of the initrd feature, see the kernel source file " "I (or I " "before Linux 4.10)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The 'noinitrd' option tells the kernel that although it was compiled for " "operation with initrd, it should not go through the above steps, but leave " "the initrd data under I. (This device can be used only once: " "the data is freed as soon as the last process that used it has closed I.)" msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Boot arguments for SCSI devices" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "General notation for this section:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I -- the first I/O port that the SCSI host occupies. These are " "specified in hexadecimal notation, and usually lie in the range from 0x200 " "to 0x3ff." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I -- the hardware interrupt that the card is configured to use. Valid " "values will be dependent on the card in question, but will usually be 5, 7, " "9, 10, 11, 12, and 15. The other values are usually used for common " "peripherals like IDE hard disks, floppies, serial ports, and so on." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I -- the ID that the host adapter uses to identify itself on the " "SCSI bus. Only some host adapters allow you to change this value, as most " "have it permanently specified internally. The usual default value is 7, but " "the Seagate and Future Domain TMC-950 boards use 6." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I -- whether the SCSI host adapter expects the attached devices to " "supply a parity value with all information exchanges. Specifying a one " "indicates parity checking is enabled, and a zero disables parity checking. " "Again, not all adapters will support selection of parity behavior as a boot " "argument." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<'max_scsi_luns=...'>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "A SCSI device can have a number of 'subdevices' contained within itself. " "The most common example is one of the new SCSI CD-ROMs that handle more than " "one disk at a time. Each CD is addressed as a \\&'Logical Unit " "Number' (LUN) of that particular device. But most devices, such as hard " "disks, tape drives, and such are only one device, and will be assigned to " "LUN zero." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Some poorly designed SCSI devices cannot handle being probed for LUNs not " "equal to zero. Therefore, if the compile-time flag B " "is not set, newer kernels will by default probe only LUN zero." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "To specify the number of probed LUNs at boot, one enters " "\\&'max_scsi_luns=n' as a boot arg, where n is a number between one and " "eight. To avoid problems as described above, one would use n=1 to avoid " "upsetting such broken devices." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Some boot time configuration of the SCSI tape driver can be achieved by " "using the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "BI\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The first two numbers are specified in units of kB. The default I " "is 32k\\ B, and the maximum size that can be specified is a ridiculous " "16384\\ kB. The I is the value at which the buffer is " "committed to tape, with a default value of 30\\ kB. The maximum number of " "buffers varies with the number of drives detected, and has a default of " "two. An example usage would be:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "st=32,30,2\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Full details can be found in the file I (or " "I for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source." msgstr "" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Hard disks" msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The IDE driver accepts a number of parameters, which range from disk " "geometry specifications, to support for broken controller chips. Drive-" "specific options are specified by using 'hdX=' with X in 'a'\\[en]'h'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Non-drive-specific options are specified with the prefix 'hd='. Note that " "using a drive-specific prefix for a non-drive-specific option will still " "work, and the option will just be applied as expected." msgstr "" #. Linux 2.0, 2.2, 2.4 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Also note that 'hd=' can be used to refer to the next unspecified drive in " "the (a, ..., h) sequence. For the following discussions, the 'hd=' option " "will be cited for brevity. See the file I (or " "I in older kernels, or I in " "ancient kernels) in the Linux kernel source for more details." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "These options are used to specify the physical geometry of the disk. Only " "the first three values are required. The cylinder/head/sectors values will " "be those used by fdisk. The write precompensation value is ignored for IDE " "disks. The IRQ value specified will be the IRQ used for the interface that " "the drive resides on, and is not really a drive-specific parameter." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The dual IDE interface CMD-640 chip is broken as designed such that when " "drives on the secondary interface are used at the same time as drives on the " "primary interface, it will corrupt your data. Using this option tells the " "driver to make sure that both interfaces are never used at the same time." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Do not probe for this drive. For example," msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "hdb=noprobe hdb=1166,7,17\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "would disable the probe, but still specify the drive geometry so that it " "would be registered as a valid block device, and hence usable." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Some drives apparently have the B bit stuck on permanently. " "This enables a work-around for these broken devices." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This tells the IDE driver that there is an ATAPI compatible CD-ROM attached " "in place of a normal IDE hard disk. In most cases the CD-ROM is identified " "automatically, but if it isn't then this may help." msgstr "" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B(8), B(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For up-to-date information, see the kernel source file I." msgstr "" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "2023-02-05" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" msgstr ""