# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:29+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SYSTEMD-RESOLVED\\&.SERVICE" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: archlinux fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "systemd 255" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "systemd-resolved.service" msgstr "" #. ----------------------------------------------------------------- #. * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * #. ----------------------------------------------------------------- #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "systemd-resolved.service, systemd-resolved - Network Name Resolution manager" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "systemd-resolved\\&.service" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-resolved" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B is a system service that provides network name " "resolution to local applications\\&. It implements a caching and validating " "DNS/DNSSEC stub resolver, as well as an LLMNR and MulticastDNS resolver and " "responder\\&. Local applications may submit network name resolution requests " "via three interfaces:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The native, fully-featured API B exposes on the bus, see " "B(5) and B(5) for " "details\\&. Usage of this API is generally recommended to clients as it is " "asynchronous and fully featured (for example, properly returns DNSSEC " "validation status and interface scope for addresses as necessary for " "supporting link-local networking)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The glibc B(3) API as defined by " "\\m[blue]B\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[1]\\d\\s+2 and its related resolver " "functions, including B(3)\\&. This API is widely supported, " "including beyond the Linux platform\\&. In its current form it does not " "expose DNSSEC validation status information however, and is synchronous " "only\\&. This API is backed by the glibc Name Service Switch (B(5))\\&. " "Usage of the glibc NSS module B(8) is required in order to " "allow glibc\\*(Aqs NSS resolver functions to resolve hostnames via B\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Additionally, B provides a local DNS stub listener on the " "IP addresses 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 and 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.54 on the local " "loopback interface\\&. Programs issuing DNS requests directly, bypassing any " "local API may be directed to this stub, in order to connect them to " "B\\&. Note however that it is strongly recommended that " "local programs use the glibc NSS or bus APIs instead (as described above), " "as various network resolution concepts (such as link-local addressing, or " "LLMNR Unicode domains) cannot be mapped to the unicast DNS protocol\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The DNS stub resolver on 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 provides the full feature set " "of the local resolver, which includes offering LLMNR/MulticastDNS " "resolution\\&. The DNS stub resolver on 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.54 provides a more " "limited resolver, that operates in \"proxy\" mode only, i\\&.e\\&. it will " "pass most DNS messages relatively unmodified to the current upstream DNS " "servers and back, but not try to process the messages locally, and hence " "does not validate DNSSEC, or offer up LLMNR/MulticastDNS\\&. (It will " "translate to DNS-over-TLS communication if needed however\\&.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The DNS servers contacted are determined from the global settings in /etc/" "systemd/resolved\\&.conf, the per-link static settings in /etc/systemd/" "network/*\\&.network files (in case B(8) is " "used), the per-link dynamic settings received over DHCP, information " "provided via B(1), and any DNS server information made available " "by other system services\\&. See B(5) and B(5) for details about systemd\\*(Aqs own configuration files for " "DNS servers\\&. To improve compatibility, /etc/resolv\\&.conf is read in " "order to discover configured system DNS servers, but only if it is not a " "symlink to /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv\\&.conf, /usr/lib/systemd/" "resolv\\&.conf or /run/systemd/resolve/resolv\\&.conf (see below)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SYNTHETIC RECORDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B synthesizes DNS resource records (RRs) for the following " "cases:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The local, configured hostname is resolved to all locally configured IP " "addresses ordered by their scope, or \\(em if none are configured \\(em the " "IPv4 address 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.2 (which is on the local loopback interface) " "and the IPv6 address ::1 (which is the local host)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The hostnames \"localhost\" and \"localhost\\&.localdomain\" as well as any " "hostname ending in \"\\&.localhost\" or \"\\&.localhost\\&.localdomain\" are " "resolved to the IP addresses 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.1 and ::1\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The hostname \"_gateway\" is resolved to all current default routing gateway " "addresses, ordered by their metric\\&. This assigns a stable hostname to the " "current gateway, useful for referencing it independently of the current " "network configuration state\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The hostname \"_outbound\" is resolved to the local IPv4 and IPv6 addresses " "that are most likely used for communication with other hosts\\&. This is " "determined by requesting a routing decision to the configured default " "gateways from the kernel and then using the local IP addresses selected by " "this decision\\&. This hostname is only available if there is at least one " "local default gateway configured\\&. This assigns a stable hostname to the " "local outbound IP addresses, useful for referencing them independently of " "the current network configuration state\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The hostname \"_localdnsstub\" is resolved to the IP address " "127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53, i\\&.e\\&. the address the local DNS stub (see above) " "is listening on\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The hostname \"_localdnsproxy\" is resolved to the IP address " "127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.54, i\\&.e\\&. the address the local DNS proxy (see above) " "is listening on\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The mappings defined in /etc/hosts are resolved to their configured " "addresses and back, but they will not affect lookups for non-address types " "(like MX)\\&. Support for /etc/hosts may be disabled with " "I, see B(5)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "PROTOCOLS AND ROUTING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The lookup requests that systemd-resolved\\&.service receives are routed to " "the available DNS servers, LLMNR, and MulticastDNS interfaces according to " "the following rules:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Names for which synthetic records are generated (the local hostname, " "\"localhost\" and \"localdomain\", local gateway, as listed in the previous " "section) and addresses configured in /etc/hosts are never routed to the " "network and a reply is sent immediately\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Single-label names are resolved using LLMNR on all local interfaces where " "LLMNR is enabled\\&. Lookups for IPv4 addresses are only sent via LLMNR on " "IPv4, and lookups for IPv6 addresses are only sent via LLMNR on IPv6\\&. " "Note that lookups for single-label synthesized names are not routed to " "LLMNR, MulticastDNS or unicast DNS\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Queries for the address records (A and AAAA) of single-label non-synthesized " "names are resolved via unicast DNS using search domains\\&. For any " "interface which defines search domains, such look-ups are routed to the " "servers defined for that interface, suffixed with each of those search " "domains\\&. When global search domains are defined, such look-ups are routed " "to the global servers\\&. For each search domain, queries are performed by " "suffixing the name with each of the search domains in turn\\&. Additionally, " "lookup of single-label names via unicast DNS may be enabled with the " "I setting\\&. The details of which servers " "are queried and how the final reply is chosen are described below\\&. Note " "that this means that address queries for single-label names are never sent " "out to remote DNS servers by default, and resolution is only possible if " "search domains are defined\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Multi-label names with the domain suffix \"\\&.local\" are resolved using " "MulticastDNS on all local interfaces where MulticastDNS is enabled\\&. As " "with LLMNR, IPv4 address lookups are sent via IPv4 and IPv6 address lookups " "are sent via IPv6\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Queries for multi-label names are routed via unicast DNS on local interfaces " "that have a DNS server configured, plus the globally configured DNS servers " "if there are any\\&. Which interfaces are used is determined by the routing " "logic based on search and route-only domains, described below\\&. Note that " "by default, lookups for domains with the \"\\&.local\" suffix are not routed " "to DNS servers, unless the domain is specified explicitly as routing or " "search domain for the DNS server and interface\\&. This means that on " "networks where the \"\\&.local\" domain is defined in a site-specific DNS " "server, explicit search or routing domains need to be configured to make " "lookups work within this DNS domain\\&. Note that these days, it\\*(Aqs " "generally recommended to avoid defining \"\\&.local\" in a DNS server, as " "\\m[blue]B\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[2]\\d\\s+2 reserves this domain for " "exclusive MulticastDNS use\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Address lookups (reverse lookups) are routed similarly to multi-label names, " "with the exception that addresses from the link-local address range are " "never routed to unicast DNS and are only resolved using LLMNR and " "MulticastDNS (when enabled)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If lookups are routed to multiple interfaces, the first successful response " "is returned (thus effectively merging the lookup zones on all matching " "interfaces)\\&. If the lookup failed on all interfaces, the last failing " "response is returned\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Routing of lookups is determined by the per-interface routing domains " "(search and route-only) and global search domains\\&. See B(5) and B(1) for a description how those settings are " "set dynamically and the discussion of I in B(5) " "for a description of globally configured DNS settings\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The following query routing logic applies for unicast DNS lookups initiated " "by systemd-resolved\\&.service:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If a name to look up matches (that is: is equal to or has as suffix) any of " "the configured routing domains (search or route-only) of any link, or the " "globally configured DNS settings, \"best matching\" routing domain is " "determined: the matching one with the most labels\\&. The query is then sent " "to all DNS servers of any links or the globally configured DNS servers " "associated with this \"best matching\" routing domain\\&. (Note that more " "than one link might have this same \"best matching\" routing domain " "configured, in which case the query is sent to all of them in parallel)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "In case of single-label names, when search domains are defined, the same " "logic applies, except that the name is first suffixed by each of the search " "domains in turn\\&. Note that this search logic doesn\\*(Aqt apply to any " "names with at least one dot\\&. Also see the discussion about compatibility " "with the traditional glibc resolver below\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If a query does not match any configured routing domain (either per-link or " "global), it is sent to all DNS servers that are configured on links with the " "I option set, as well as the globally configured DNS " "server\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If there is no link configured as I and no global DNS server " "configured, one of the compiled-in fallback DNS servers is used\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Otherwise the unicast DNS query fails, as no suitable DNS servers can be " "determined\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I option is a boolean setting configurable with " "B or in \\&.network files\\&. If not set, it is implicitly " "determined based on the configured DNS domains for a link: if there\\*(Aqs a " "route-only domain other than \"~\\&.\", it defaults to false, otherwise to " "true\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Effectively this means: in order to support single-label non-synthesized " "names, define appropriate search domains\\&. In order to preferably route " "all DNS queries not explicitly matched by routing domain configuration to a " "specific link, configure a \"~\\&.\" route-only domain on it\\&. This will " "ensure that other links will not be considered for these queries (unless " "they too carry such a routing domain)\\&. In order to route all such DNS " "queries to a specific link only if no other link is preferred, set the " "I option for the link to true and do not configure a \"~\\&." "\" route-only domain on it\\&. Finally, in order to ensure that a specific " "link never receives any DNS traffic not matching any of its configured " "routing domains, set the I option for it to false\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "See B(5) for information about the D-Bus APIs " "systemd-resolved provides\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "COMPATIBILITY WITH THE TRADITIONAL GLIBC STUB RESOLVER" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This section provides a short summary of differences in the resolver " "implemented by B(8) together with B and the " "traditional stub resolver implemented in nss-dns\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Some names are always resolved internally (see Synthetic Records above)\\&. " "Traditionally they would be resolved by nss-files if provided in /etc/" "hosts\\&. But note that the details of how a query is constructed are under " "the control of the client library\\&. nss-dns will first try to resolve " "names using search domains and even if those queries are routed to systemd-" "resolved, it will send them out over the network using the usual rules for " "multi-label name routing \\&\\s-2\\u[3]\\d\\s+2\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Single-label names are not resolved for A and AAAA records using unicast DNS " "(unless overridden with I, see B(5))\\&. This is similar to the B option being set in " "B(5)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Search domains are not used for I of multi-label names\\&. " "(Search domains are nevertheless used for lookup I, for names that " "were originally specified as single-label or multi-label\\&.) Any name with " "at least one dot is always interpreted as a FQDN\\&. nss-dns would resolve " "names both as relative (using search domains) and absolute FQDN names\\&. " "Some names would be resolved as relative first, and after that query has " "failed, as absolute, while other names would be resolved in opposite " "order\\&. The I option in /etc/resolv\\&.conf was used to control how " "many dots the name needs to have to be resolved as relative first\\&. This " "stub resolver does not implement this at all: multi-label names are only " "resolved as FQDNs\\&.\\&\\s-2\\u[4]\\d\\s+2" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This resolver has a notion of the special \"\\&.local\" domain used for " "MulticastDNS, and will not route queries with that suffix to unicast DNS " "servers unless explicitly configured, see above\\&. Also, reverse lookups " "for link-local addresses are not sent to unicast DNS servers\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This resolver reads and caches /etc/hosts internally\\&. (In other words, " "nss-resolve replaces nss-files in addition to nss-dns)\\&. Entries in /etc/" "hosts have highest priority\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This resolver also implements LLMNR and MulticastDNS in addition to the " "classic unicast DNS protocol, and will resolve single-label names using " "LLMNR (when enabled) and names ending in \"\\&.local\" using MulticastDNS " "(when enabled)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Environment variables I<$LOCALDOMAIN> and I<$RES_OPTIONS> described in " "B(5) are not supported currently\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The nss-dns resolver maintains little state between subsequent DNS queries, " "and for each query always talks to the first listed DNS server from /etc/" "resolv\\&.conf first, and on failure continues with the next until reaching " "the end of the list which is when the query fails\\&. The resolver in " "systemd-resolved\\&.service however maintains state, and will continuously " "talk to the same server for all queries on a particular lookup scope until " "some form of error is seen at which point it switches to the next, and then " "continuously stays with it for all queries on the scope until the next " "failure, and so on, eventually returning to the first configured server\\&. " "This is done to optimize lookup times, in particular given that the resolver " "typically must first probe server feature sets when talking to a server, " "which is time consuming\\&. This different behaviour implies that listed DNS " "servers per lookup scope must be equivalent in the zones they serve, so that " "sending a query to one of them will yield the same results as sending it to " "another configured DNS server\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "/ETC/RESOLV\\&.CONF" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Four modes of handling /etc/resolv\\&.conf (see B(5)) are " "supported:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B maintains the /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv\\&.conf " "file for compatibility with traditional Linux programs\\&. This file lists " "the 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 DNS stub (see above) as the only DNS server\\&. It " "also contains a list of search domains that are in use by systemd-" "resolved\\&. The list of search domains is always kept up-to-date\\&. Note " "that /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv\\&.conf should not be used directly by " "applications, but only through a symlink from /etc/resolv\\&.conf\\&. This " "file may be symlinked from /etc/resolv\\&.conf in order to connect all local " "clients that bypass local DNS APIs to B with correct " "search domains settings\\&. This mode of operation is recommended\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "A static file /usr/lib/systemd/resolv\\&.conf is provided that lists the " "127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 DNS stub (see above) as only DNS server\\&. This file " "may be symlinked from /etc/resolv\\&.conf in order to connect all local " "clients that bypass local DNS APIs to B\\&. This file does " "not contain any search domains\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B maintains the /run/systemd/resolve/resolv\\&.conf file " "for compatibility with traditional Linux programs\\&. This file may be " "symlinked from /etc/resolv\\&.conf and is always kept up-to-date, containing " "information about all known DNS servers\\&. Note the file format\\*(Aqs " "limitations: it does not know a concept of per-interface DNS servers and " "hence only contains system-wide DNS server definitions\\&. Note that /run/" "systemd/resolve/resolv\\&.conf should not be used directly by applications, " "but only through a symlink from /etc/resolv\\&.conf\\&. If this mode of " "operation is used local clients that bypass any local DNS API will also " "bypass B and will talk directly to the known DNS " "servers\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Alternatively, /etc/resolv\\&.conf may be managed by other packages, in " "which case B will read it for DNS configuration data\\&. " "In this mode of operation B is consumer rather than " "provider of this configuration file\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Note that the selected mode of operation for this file is detected fully " "automatically, depending on whether /etc/resolv\\&.conf is a symlink to /run/" "systemd/resolve/resolv\\&.conf or lists 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 as DNS server\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SIGNALS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Upon reception of the B process signal B will " "dump the contents of all DNS resource record caches it maintains, as well as " "all feature level information it learnt about configured DNS servers into " "the system logs\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Added in version 231\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Upon reception of the B process signal B will " "flush all caches it maintains\\&. Note that it should normally not be " "necessary to request this explicitly \\(en except for debugging purposes " "\\(en as B flushes the caches automatically anyway any " "time the host\\*(Aqs network configuration changes\\&. Sending this signal " "to B is equivalent to the B " "command, however the latter is recommended since it operates in a " "synchronous way\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Upon reception of the B process signal B will " "forget everything it learnt about the configured DNS servers\\&. " "Specifically any information about server feature support is flushed out, " "and the server feature probing logic is restarted on the next request, " "starting with the most fully featured level\\&. Note that it should normally " "not be necessary to request this explicitly \\(en except for debugging " "purposes \\(en as B automatically forgets learnt " "information any time the DNS server configuration changes\\&. Sending this " "signal to B is equivalent to the B command, however the latter is recommended since it operates in a " "synchronous way\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Added in version 235\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "CREDENTIALS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B supports the service credentials logic as implemented by " "I/I/I (see B(5) for details)\\&. The following credentials are used when passed in:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "I, I" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "May contain a space separated list of DNS server IP addresses and DNS search " "domains\\&. This information is only used when no explicit configuration " "via /etc/systemd/resolved\\&.conf, /etc/resolv\\&.conf or the kernel command " "line has been provided\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Added in version 253\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "KERNEL COMMAND LINE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B also honours two kernel command line options:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "I, I" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Takes the IP address of a DNS server (in case of I), and a DNS " "search domain (in case of I)\\&. May be used multiple times, to " "define multiple DNS servers/search domains\\&. If either of these options " "are specified /etc/resolv\\&.conf will not be read and the I and " "I settings of B(5) will be ignored\\&. These two " "kernel command line options hence override system configuration\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "IP PORTS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The B service listens on the following IP ports:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Port 53 on IPv4 addresses 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.53 and 127\\&.0\\&.0\\&.54 (both " "are on the local loopback interface \"lo\")\\&. This is the local DNS stub, " "as discussed above\\&. Both UDP and TCP are covered\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Port 5353 on all local addresses, both IPv4 and IPv6 (0\\&.0\\&.0\\&.0 " "and ::0), for MulticastDNS on UDP\\&. Note that even though the socket is " "bound to all local interfaces via the selected \"wildcard\" IP addresses, " "the incoming datagrams are filtered by the network interface they are coming " "in on, and separate MulticastDNS link-local scopes are maintained for each, " "taking into consideration whether MulticastDNS is enabled for the interface " "or not\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Port 5355 on all local addresses, both IPv4 and IP6 (0\\&.0\\&.0\\&.0 " "and ::0), for LLMNR, on both TCP and UDP\\&. As with MulticastDNS filtering " "by incoming network interface is applied\\&." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B(1), B(5), B(5), B(8), B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(8)" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NOTES" msgstr "" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid " 1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "RFC3493" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "\\%https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3493" msgstr "" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid " 2." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "RFC6762" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "\\%https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762" msgstr "" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid " 3." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "For example, if /etc/resolv.conf has" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "nameserver 127.0.0.53\n" "search foobar.com barbar.com\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "and we look up \"localhost\", nss-dns will send the following queries to " "systemd-resolved listening on 127.0.0.53:53: first \"localhost.foobar.com\", " "then \"localhost.barbar.com\", and finally \"localhost\". If (hopefully) the " "first two queries fail, systemd-resolved will synthesize an answer for the " "third query." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "When using nss-dns with any search domains, it is thus crucial to always " "configure nss-files with higher priority and provide mappings for names that " "should not be resolved using search domains." msgstr "" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid " 4." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "There are currently more than 1500 top-level domain names defined, and new " "ones are added regularly, often using \"attractive\" names that are also " "likely to be used locally. Not looking up multi-label names in this fashion " "avoids fragility in both directions: a valid global name could be obscured " "by a local name, and resolution of a relative local name could suddenly " "break when a new top-level domain is created, or when a new subdomain of a " "top-level domain in registered. Resolving any given name as either relative " "or absolute avoids this ambiguity." msgstr "" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "systemd 254" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm msgid "/lib/systemd/systemd-resolved" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm msgid "" "This section provides a short summary of differences in the stub resolver " "implemented by B(8) together with B and the " "traditional stub resolver implemented in nss-dns\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm msgid "" "B supports the service credentials logic as implemented by " "I/I/I (see B(1) for details)\\&. The following credentials are used when passed in:" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide #, no-wrap msgid "systemd 256~rc3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide msgid "" "The native, fully-featured API B exposes via D-Bus, see " "B(5) and B(5) for " "details\\&. Usage of this API is generally recommended to clients as it is " "asynchronous and fully featured (for example, properly returns DNSSEC " "validation status and interface scope for addresses as necessary for " "supporting link-local networking)\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide msgid "" "The native API B exposes via Varlink on the /run/systemd/" "resolve/io\\&.systemd\\&.Resolve AF_UNIX socket\\&. This provides similar " "functionality as the D-Bus interface, but is available during the entire " "runtime, without requiring a running D-Bus system bus broker service\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide msgid "B" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide msgid "" "Upon reception of the B process signal B will " "flush all caches it maintains, drop all open TCP connections (if any), and " "reload its configuration files\\&." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide msgid "Added in version 256\\&." msgstr ""