'\" et
.TH QSELECT "1P" 2017 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
.\"
.SH PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
.\"
.SH NAME
qselect
\(em select batch jobs
.SH SYNOPSIS
.LP
.nf
qselect \fB[\fR-a \fB[\fIop\fB]\fIdate_time\fB] [\fR-A \fIaccount_string\fB] [\fR-c \fB[\fIop\fB]\fIinterval\fB]
    [\fR-h \fIhold_list\fB] [\fR-l \fIresource_list\fB] [\fR-N \fIname\fB] [\fR-p \fB[\fIop\fB]\fIpriority\fB]
    [\fR-q \fIdestination\fB] [\fR-r \fIy\fR|\fIn\fB] [\fR-s \fIstates\fB] [\fR-u \fIuser_list\fB]\fR
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
To select a set of batch jobs is to return the batch
.IR job_identifier s
for each batch job that meets a list of selection criteria. A set of
batch jobs is selected by a request to a batch server. The
.IR qselect
utility is a user-accessible batch client that requests the selection
of batch jobs.
.P
Upon successful completion, the
.IR qselect
utility shall have returned a list of zero or more batch
.IR job_identifier s
that meet the criteria specified by the options and option-arguments
presented to the utility.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select batch jobs by sending a
.IR "Select Jobs Request"
to a batch server. The
.IR qselect
utility shall not exit until the server replies to each request
generated.
.P
For each option presented to the
.IR qselect
utility, the utility shall restrict the set of selected batch jobs as
described in the OPTIONS section.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall not restrict selection of batch jobs except by
authorization and as required by the options presented to the utility.
.P
When an option is specified with a mandatory or optional
.IR op
component to the option-argument, then
.IR op
shall specify a relation between the value of a certain batch job
attribute and the
.IR value
component of the option-argument. If an
.IR op
is allowable on an option, then the description of the option letter
indicates the
.IR op
as either mandatory or optional. Acceptable strings for the
.IR op
component, and the relation the string indicates, are shown in the
following list:
.IP "\fR.eq.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is equal to the
value represented by the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ge.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is greater than
or equal to the value represented by the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.gt.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is greater than
the value represented by the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is less than
the value represented by the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.le.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is less than or
equal to the value represented by the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ne.\fR" 8
The value represented by the attribute of the batch job is not equal to
the value represented by the option-argument.
.SH OPTIONS
The
.IR qselect
utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines".
.P
The following options shall be supported by the implementation:
.IP "\fB\-a\ [\fIop\fB]\fIdate_time\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to a specific time, or a range of times.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute is related to the Epoch equivalent of the local time
expressed by the value of the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument in the manner indicated by the value
of the
.IR op
component of the option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept a
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument that conforms to the syntax of the
.IR time
operand of the
.IR touch
utility.
.P
If the
.IR op
component of the option-argument is not presented to the
.IR qselect
utility, the utility shall select batch jobs for which the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute is equal to the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.P
When comparing times, the
.IR qselect
utility shall use the following definitions for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument:
.IP "\fR.eq.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is equal to the time represented by the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ge.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is after or equal to the time represented by
the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.gt.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is after the time represented by the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is before the time represented by the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.le.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is before or equal to the time represented
by the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ne.\fR" 8
The time represented by value of the
.IR Execution_Time
attribute of the batch job is not equal to the time represented by the
.IR date_time
component of the option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept the defined character strings for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-A\ \fIaccount_string\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to the batch jobs charging a specified account.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Account_Name
attribute of the batch job matches the value of the
.IR account_string
option-argument.
.P
The syntax of the
.IR account_string
option-argument is unspecified.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-c\ [\fIop\fB]\fIinterval\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to batch jobs within a range of checkpoint
intervals.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute relates to the value of the
.IR interval
component of the option-argument in the manner indicated by the value
of the
.IR op
component of the option-argument.
.P
If the
.IR op
component of the option-argument is omitted, the
.IR qselect
utility shall select batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute is equal to the value of the
.IR interval
component of the option-argument.
.P
When comparing checkpoint intervals, the
.IR qselect
utility shall use the following definitions for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument:
.IP "\fR.eq.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job equals the value of the
.IR interval
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ge.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job is greater than or equal to the value of the
.IR interval
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.gt.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job is greater than the value of the
.IR interval
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job is less than the value of the
.IR interval
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.le.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job is less than or equal to the value of the
.IR interval
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ne.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Checkpoint
attribute of the batch job does not equal the value of the
.IR interval
component option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept the defined character strings for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument.
.P
The ordering relationship for the values of the interval
option-argument is defined to be:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

\&`n\(aq .gt. `s\(aq .gt. `c=\fIminutes\fR\(aq .ge. `c\(aq
.fi
.P
.RE
When comparing
.IR Checkpoint
attributes with an interval having the value of the single character
.BR 'u' ,
only equality or inequality are valid comparisons.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-h\ \fIhold_list\fR" 10
Restrict selection to batch jobs that have a specific type of hold.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Hold_Types
attribute matches the value of the
.IR hold_list
option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
.BR \-h
option shall accept a value for the
.IR hold_list
option-argument that is a string of alphanumeric characters in the
portable character set (see the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
.IR "Section 6.1" ", " "Portable Character Set").
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept a value for the
.IR hold_list
option-argument that is a string of one or more of the characters
.BR 'u' ,
.BR 's' ,
or
.BR 'o' ,
or the single character
.BR 'n' .
.P
Each unique character in the
.IR hold_list
option-argument of the
.IR qselect
utility is defined as follows, each representing a different hold type:
.IP "\fRu\fP" 6
USER
.IP "\fRs\fP" 6
SYSTEM
.IP "\fRo\fP" 6
OPERATOR
.P
If any of these characters are duplicated in the
.IR hold_list
option-argument, the duplicates shall be ignored.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall consider it an error if any hold type other than
.BR 'n' 
is combined with hold type
.BR 'n' .
.P
Strictly conforming applications shall not repeat any of the characters
.BR 'u' ,
.BR 's' ,
.BR 'o' ,
or
.BR 'n' 
within the
.IR hold_list
option-argument. The
.IR qselect
utility shall permit the repetition of characters, but shall not assign
additional meaning to the repeated characters.
.P
An implementation may define other hold types. The conformance document
for an implementation shall describe any additional hold types, how
they are specified, their internal behavior, and how they affect the
behavior of the utility.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-l\ \fIresource_list\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to batch jobs with specified resource limits and
attributes.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept a
.IR resource_list
option-argument with the following syntax:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

\fIresource_name op value \fB[\fR,,\fIresource_name op value\fR,, ...\fB]\fR
.fi
.P
.RE
.P
When comparing resource values, the
.IR qselect
utility shall use the following definitions for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument:
.IP "\fR.eq.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job equals the value of the value component of
the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ge.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is greater than or equal to the value of the
.IR value
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.gt.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is greater than the value of the value
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is less than the value of the value
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ne.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job does not equal the value of the value
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.le.\fR" 8
The value of the resource of the same name in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job is less than or equal to the value of the
.IR value
component of the option-argument.
.P
When comparing the limit of a
.IR Resource_List
attribute with the
.IR value
component of the option-argument, if the limit, the value, or both are
non-numeric, only equality or inequality are valid comparisons.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the values of the
.IR resource_name s
listed in the
.IR resource_list
option-argument match the corresponding limits of the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job.
.P
Limits of
.IR resource_name s
present in the
.IR Resource_List
attribute of the batch job that have no corresponding values in the
.IR resource_list
option-argument shall not be considered when selecting batch jobs.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-N\ \fIname\fR" 10
Restrict selection to batch jobs with a specified name.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Job_Name
attribute matches the value of the
.IR name
option-argument. The string specified in the
.IR name
option-argument shall be passed, uninterpreted, to the server. This
allows an implementation to match ``wildcard'' patterns against batch
job names.
.P
An implementation shall describe in the conformance document the format
it supports for matching against the
.IR Job_Name
attribute.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-p\ [\fIop\fB]\fIpriority\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to batch jobs of the specified priority or range of
priorities.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job relates to the value of the
.IR priority
component of the option-argument in the manner indicated by the value
of the
.IR op
component of the option-argument.
.P
If the
.IR op
component of the option-argument is omitted, the
.IR qselect
utility shall select batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job is equal to the value of the
.IR priority
component of the option-argument.
.P
When comparing priority values, the
.IR qselect
utility shall use the following definitions for the
.IR op
component of the option-argument:
.IP "\fR.eq.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job equals the value of the
.IR priority
component of the option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ge.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job is greater than or equal to the value of the
.IR priority
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.gt.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job is greater than the value of the
.IR priority
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job is less than the value of the
.IR priority
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.lt.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job is less than or equal to the value of the
.IR priority
component option-argument.
.IP "\fR.ne.\fR" 8
The value of the
.IR Priority
attribute of the batch job does not equal the value of the
.IR priority
component option-argument.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-q\ \fIdestination\fR" 10
.br
Restrict selection to the specified batch queue or server, or both.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs that are located at the
destination indicated by the value of the
.IR destination
option-argument.
.P
The destination defines a batch queue, a server, or a batch queue at a
server.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept an option-argument for the
.BR \-q
option that conforms to the syntax for a destination. If the
.BR \-q
option is not presented to the
.IR qselect
utility, the utility shall select batch jobs from all batch queues at
the default batch server.
.P
If the option-argument describes only a batch queue, the
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs from the batch queue of the
specified name at the default batch server. The means by which
.IR qselect
determines the default server is implementation-defined.
.P
If the option-argument describes only a batch server, the
.IR qselect
utility shall select batch jobs from all the batch queues at that batch
server.
.P
If the option-argument describes both a batch queue and a batch server,
the
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs from the specified batch queue at
the specified server.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-r\ \fRy\fR|\fRn\fR" 10
Restrict selection to batch jobs with the specified rerunability
status.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only batch jobs for which the value of the
.IR Rerunable
attribute of the batch job matches the value of the option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept a value for the option-argument that consists of
either the single character
.BR 'y' 
or the single character
.BR 'n' .
The character
.BR 'y' 
represents the value TRUE, and the character
.BR 'n' 
represents the value FALSE.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-s\ \fIstates\fR" 10
Restrict selection to batch jobs in the specified states.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept an option-argument that consists of any
combination of the characters
.BR 'e' ,
.BR 'q' ,
.BR 'r' ,
.BR 'w' ,
.BR 'h' ,
and
.BR 't' .
.P
Conforming applications shall not repeat any character in the
option-argument. The
.IR qselect
utility shall permit the repetition of characters in the
option-argument, but shall not assign additional meaning to repeated
characters.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall interpret the characters in the
.IR states
option-argument as follows:
.IP "\fRe\fR" 6
Represents the EXITING state.
.IP "\fRq\fR" 6
Represents the QUEUED state.
.IP "\fRr\fR" 6
Represents the RUNNING state.
.IP "\fRt\fR" 6
Represents the TRANSITING state.
.IP "\fRh\fR" 6
Represents the HELD state.
.IP "\fRw\fR" 6
Represents the WAITING state.
.P
For each character in the
.IR states
option-argument, the
.IR qselect
utility shall select batch jobs in the corresponding state.
.RE
.IP "\fB\-u\ \fIuser_list\fR" 10
Restrict selection to batch jobs owned by the specified user names.
.RS 10 
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall select only the batch jobs of those users specified in
the
.IR user_list
option-argument.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept a
.IR user_list
option-argument that conforms to the following syntax:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

\fIusername\fB[\fR@\fIhost\fB][\fR,,\fIusername\fB[\fR@\fIhost\fB]\fR,, ...\fB]\fR
.fi
.P
.RE
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept only one user name that is missing a corresponding
host name. The
.IR qselect
utility shall accept only one user name per named host.
.RE
.SH OPERANDS
None.
.SH STDIN
Not used.
.SH "INPUT FILES"
None.
.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
.IR qselect :
.IP "\fILANG\fP" 10
Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are
unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
.IR "Section 8.2" ", " "Internationalization Variables"
the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine the
values of locale categories.)
.IP "\fILC_ALL\fP" 10
If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
other internationalization variables.
.IP "\fILC_CTYPE\fP" 10
Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of
text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
multi-byte characters in arguments).
.IP "\fILC_MESSAGES\fP" 10
.br
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
.IP "\fILOGNAME\fP" 10
Determine the login name of the user.
.IP "\fITZ\fP" 10
Determine the timezone used to interpret the
.IR date-time
option-argument. If
.IR TZ
is unset or null, an unspecified default timezone shall be used.
.SH "ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS"
Default.
.SH STDOUT
The
.IR qselect
utility shall write zero or more batch
.IR job_identifier s
to standard output.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall separate the batch
.IR job_identifier s
written to standard output by white space.
.P
The
.IR qselect
utility shall write batch
.IR job_identifier s
in the following format:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

\fIsequence_number.server_name\fR@\fIserver\fR
.fi
.P
.RE
.SH STDERR
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
.SH "OUTPUT FILES"
None.
.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION"
None.
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
The following exit values shall be returned:
.IP "\00" 6
Successful completion.
.IP >0 6
An error occurred.
.SH "CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS"
Default.
.LP
.IR "The following sections are informative."
.SH "APPLICATION USAGE"
None.
.SH EXAMPLES
The following example shows how a user might use the
.IR qselect
utility in conjunction with the
.IR qdel
utility to delete all of his or her jobs in the queued state without
affecting any jobs that are already running:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

qdel $(qselect -s q)
.fi
.P
.RE
.P
or:
.sp
.RS 4
.nf

qselect -s q || xargs qdel
.fi
.P
.RE
.SH RATIONALE
The
.IR qselect
utility allows users to acquire a list of job identifiers that match
user-specified selection criteria. The list of identifiers returned by
the
.IR qselect
utility conforms to the syntax of the batch job identifier list
processed by a utility such as
.IR qmove ,
.IR qdel ,
and
.IR qrls .
The
.IR qselect
utility is thus a powerful tool for causing another batch system
utility to act upon a set of jobs that match a list of selection
criteria.
.P
The options of the
.IR qselect
utility let the user apply a number of useful filters for selecting
jobs. Each option further restricts the selection of jobs. Many of the
selection options allow the specification of a relational operator. The
FORTRAN-like syntax of the operator\(emthat is,
.BR \(dq.lt.\(dq \(em\c
was chosen rather than the C-like
.BR \(dq<=\(dq 
meta-characters.
.P
The
.BR \-a
option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those that have
been submitted (or altered) to wait until a particular time. The time
period is determined by the argument of this option, which includes
both a time and an operator\(emit is thus possible to select jobs
waiting until a specific time, jobs waiting until after a certain time,
or those waiting for a time before the specified time.
.P
The
.BR \-A
option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those that have
been submitted (or altered) to charge a particular account.
.P
The
.BR \-c
option allows users to restrict the selected jobs to those whose
checkpointing interval falls within the specified range.
.P
The
.BR \-l
option allows users to select those jobs whose resource limits fall
within the range indicated by the value of the option. For example, a
user could select those jobs for which the CPU time limit is greater
than two hours.
.P
The
.BR \-N
option allows users to select jobs by job name. For instance, all the
parts of a task that have been divided in parallel jobs might be given
the same name, and thus manipulated as a group by means of this
option.
.P
The
.BR \-q
option allows users to select jobs in a specified queue.
.P
The
.BR \-r
option allows users to select only those jobs with a specified rerun
criteria. For instance, a user might select only those jobs that can be
rerun for use with the
.IR qrerun
utility.
.P
The
.BR \-s
option allows users to select only those jobs that are in a certain
state.
.P
The
.BR \-u
option allows users to select jobs that have been submitted to execute
under a particular account.
.P
The selection criteria provided by the options of the
.IR qselect
utility allow users to select jobs based on all the appropriate
attributes that can be assigned to jobs by the
.IR qsub
utility.
.P
Historically, the
.IR qselect
utility has not been a part of existing practice; it is an improvement
that has been introduced in this volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017.
.SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS"
The
.IR qselect
utility may be removed in a future version.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IR "Chapter 3" ", " "Batch Environment Services",
.IR "\fIqdel\fR\^",
.IR "\fIqrerun\fR\^",
.IR "\fIqrls\fR\^",
.IR "\fIqselect\fR\^",
.IR "\fIqsub\fR\^",
.IR "\fItouch\fR\^"
.P
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
.IR "Section 6.1" ", " "Portable Character Set",
.IR "Chapter 8" ", " "Environment Variables",
.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines"
.\"
.SH COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition,
Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.
In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
.PP
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear
in this page are most likely
to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to
man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .