path: root/po/es/man7/random.7.po

# Spanish translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Marcos Fouces <marcos@debian.org>, 2024.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.11.0\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:14+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-06-10 23:58+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Marcos Fouces <marcos@debian.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <debian-l10n-spanish@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: es\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "random"
msgstr "random"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 Mayo 2024"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.8"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NOMBRE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "random - overview of interfaces for obtaining randomness"
msgstr ""
"random - visión general de las interfaces para la obtención de datos "
"aleatorios"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "DESCRIPCIÓN"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The kernel random-number generator relies on entropy gathered from device "
"drivers and other sources of environmental noise to seed a cryptographically "
"secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG).  It is designed for security, "
"rather than speed."
msgstr ""
"El generador de números aleatorios del núcleo se basa en la entropía "
"recogida de los controladores de dispositivos y otras fuentes de ruido "
"ambiental para sembrar un generador pseudoaleatorio de números "
"criptográficamente seguro (CSPRNG). En su diseño se primó la seguridad sobre "
"la velocidad."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The following interfaces provide access to output from the kernel CSPRNG:"
msgstr ""
"Las siguientes interfaces proporcionan acceso a la salida del núcleo CSPRNG:"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "\\[bu]"
msgstr "\\[bu]"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I</dev/urandom> and I</dev/random> devices, both described in "
"B<random>(4).  These devices have been present on Linux since early times, "
"and are also available on many other systems."
msgstr ""
"Los dispositivos I</dev/urandom> y I<dev/random> se describen en B<random "
">(4). Estos dispositivos existen desde los primeros tiempos de Linux, "
"también están disponibles en muchos otros sistemas."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Linux-specific B<getrandom>(2)  system call, available since Linux "
"3.17.  This system call provides access either to the same source as I</dev/"
"urandom> (called the I<urandom> source in this page)  or to the same source "
"as I</dev/random> (called the I<random> source in this page).  The default "
"is the I<urandom> source; the I<random> source is selected by specifying the "
"B<GRND_RANDOM> flag to the system call.  (The B<getentropy>(3)  function "
"provides a slightly more portable interface on top of B<getrandom>(2).)"
msgstr ""
"La llamada de sistema B<getrandom>(2) específica de Linux, disponible desde "
"Linux 3.17. Esta llamada del sistema proporciona acceso a la misma fuente "
"que I</dev/urandom> (llamada la fuente I<urandom> en este documento) o a la "
"mismo fuente como I</dev/random>. La fuente predeterminada es I<urandom>; la "
"fuente I<random> se selecciona mediante la opción B<GRND_RANDOM> para la "
"llamada del sistema. La función B<getentropy>(3) proporciona una interfaz "
"ligeramente más portable a un nivel superior de B<getrandom>(2).)"

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Initialization of the entropy pool"
msgstr "Inicio del pool de entropía"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The kernel collects bits of entropy from the environment.  When a sufficient "
"number of random bits has been collected, the entropy pool is considered to "
"be initialized."
msgstr ""
"El núcleo recoge entropía del entorno.  Cuando se ha recogido un número "
"suficiente de bits aleatorios, el pool de entropía se considera iniciado."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Choice of random source"
msgstr "Selección de la fuente de aleatoriedad"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Unless you are doing long-term key generation (and most likely not even "
"then), you probably shouldn't be reading from the I</dev/random> device or "
"employing B<getrandom>(2)  with the B<GRND_RANDOM> flag.  Instead, either "
"read from the I</dev/urandom> device or employ B<getrandom>(2)  without the "
"B<GRND_RANDOM> flag.  The cryptographic algorithms used for the I<urandom> "
"source are quite conservative, and so should be sufficient for all purposes."
msgstr ""
"Salvo que se desee generar claves pensando a largo plazo (y probablemente ni "
"siquiera asi), no debería estar leyendo desde el dispositivo I</dev/random> "
"o empleando B<getrandom >(2) con la opción B<GRND_RANDOM>. En su lugar "
"debería leer desde el dispositivo I</dev/urandom> o emplear B<getrandom>(2) "
"sin la opción B<GRND_RANDOM>. Los algoritmos criptográficos utilizados para "
"la fuente de I<urandom> son bastante conservadores, y deberían ser "
"suficientes para todos los casos."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The disadvantage of B<GRND_RANDOM> and reads from I</dev/random> is that the "
"operation can block for an indefinite period of time.  Furthermore, dealing "
"with the partially fulfilled requests that can occur when using "
"B<GRND_RANDOM> or when reading from I</dev/random> increases code complexity."
msgstr ""
"La desventaja de B<GRND_RANDOM> y de leer desde I</dev/random> es que la "
"operación puede bloquear por un período de tiempo indefinido. La gestión de "
"las solicitudes parcialmente cumplidas que pueden ocurrir cuando se utiliza "
"B<GRND_RANDOM> o cuando se lee desde I</dev/random> aumentan la complejidad "
"del código."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Monte Carlo and other probabilistic sampling applications"
msgstr "Monte Carlo y otras aplicaciones de muestreo probabilístico"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Using these interfaces to provide large quantities of data for Monte Carlo "
"simulations or other programs/algorithms which are doing probabilistic "
"sampling will be slow.  Furthermore, it is unnecessary, because such "
"applications do not need cryptographically secure random numbers.  Instead, "
"use the interfaces described in this page to obtain a small amount of data "
"to seed a user-space pseudorandom number generator for use by such "
"applications."
msgstr ""
"El uso de estas interfaces para proporcionar grandes cantidades de datos "
"para simulaciones de Monte Carlo u otros programas/algoritmos que están "
"haciendo muestreo probabilístico será lento.  Además, es innecesario, ya que "
"esas aplicaciones no necesitan números aleatorios criptográficamente "
"seguros. En su lugar, utilice las interfaces descritas en esta página para "
"obtener una pequeña cantidad de datos para sembrar un generador de números "
"pseudoaleatorio en el espacio de usuario para el uso de estas aplicaciones."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Comparison between getrandom, /dev/urandom, and /dev/random"
msgstr "Comparación entre getrandom, /dev/urandom y /dev/random"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The following table summarizes the behavior of the various interfaces that "
"can be used to obtain randomness.  B<GRND_NONBLOCK> is a flag that can be "
"used to control the blocking behavior of B<getrandom>(2).  The final column "
"of the table considers the case that can occur in early boot time when the "
"entropy pool is not yet initialized."
msgstr ""
"La siguiente tabla resume el comportamiento de las diversas interfaces que "
"se pueden utilizar para obtener datos aleatorios. B<GRND_NONBLOCK> se puede "
"usar para controlar el comportamiento de bloqueo de B<getrandom>(2). La "
"última columna de la tabla considera el caso que puede ocurrir al comienzo "
"del inicio cuando aún no está iniciado el pool de entropía."

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Interface"
msgstr "Interfaz"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Pool"
msgstr "Pool"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"Blocking\n"
"\\%behavior"
msgstr ""
"Comportamiento de\n"
"\\%bloqueo"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Behavior when pool is not yet ready"
msgstr "Comportamiento cuando el pool aún no está preparado"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I</dev/random>"
msgstr "I</dev/random>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Blocking pool"
msgstr "Pool de bloqueo"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "If entropy too low, blocks until there is enough entropy again"
msgstr "Si el nivel de entropía es demasiado bajo, bloquea hasta que haya suficiente"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Blocks until enough entropy gathered"
msgstr "Bloquea hasta que se haya acumulado suficiente entropía"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I</dev/urandom>"
msgstr "I</dev/urandom>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "CSPRNG output"
msgstr "Salida CSPRNG"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Never blocks"
msgstr "Nunca bloquea"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Returns output from uninitialized CSPRNG (may be low entropy and unsuitable for cryptography)"
msgstr "Devuelve la salida de un CSPRNG no iniciado (seguramente de baja entropía, no válido con fines criptográficos)"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<getrandom>()"
msgstr "B<getrandom>()"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"Same as\n"
"I</dev/urandom>"
msgstr ""
"Igual a \n"
"I</dev/urandom>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Does not block once is pool ready"
msgstr "No bloquea una vez que el pool esté preparado"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Blocks until pool ready"
msgstr "Bloquea hasta que el pool esté preparado"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_RANDOM>"
msgstr ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_RANDOM>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"Same as\n"
"I</dev/random>"
msgstr ""
"Igual que\n"
"I</dev/random>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_NONBLOCK>"
msgstr ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_NONBLOCK>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EAGAIN>"
msgstr "B<EAGAIN>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_RANDOM>\n"
"+\n"
"B<GRND_NONBLOCK>"
msgstr ""
"B<getrandom>()\n"
"B<GRND_RANDOM>\n"
"+\n"
"B<GRND_NONBLOCK>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"B<EAGAIN>\n"
"if not enough entropy available"
msgstr ""
"B<EAGAIN>\n"
"Si no se dispone de suficiente entropía"

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Generating cryptographic keys"
msgstr "Generación de claves criptográficas"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The amount of seed material required to generate a cryptographic key equals "
"the effective key size of the key.  For example, a 3072-bit RSA or Diffie-"
"Hellman private key has an effective key size of 128 bits (it requires about "
"2\\[ha]128 operations to break) so a key generator needs only 128 bits (16 "
"bytes) of seed material from I</dev/random>."
msgstr ""
"El tamaño de la semilla necesaria para generar una clave criptográfica "
"equivale al tamaño de la clave efectiva de la llave. Por ejemplo, una llave "
"privada RSA de 3072 bits o Diffie-Hellman tiene un tamaño de llave efectivo "
"de 128 bits (requiere aproximadamente 2\\[ha]128 operaciones para romper) "
"por lo que un generador de llaves sólo necesita 128 bits (16 bytes) de I</"
"dev/random>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"While some safety margin above that minimum is reasonable, as a guard "
"against flaws in the CSPRNG algorithm, no cryptographic primitive available "
"today can hope to promise more than 256 bits of security, so if any program "
"reads more than 256 bits (32 bytes) from the kernel random pool per "
"invocation, or per reasonable reseed interval (not less than one minute), "
"that should be taken as a sign that its cryptography is I<not> skillfully "
"implemented."
msgstr ""
"Aunque es razonable un margen de seguridad por encima de ese mínimo frente "
"afallos en el algoritmo CSPRNG, ningún primitivo criptográfico disponible "
"actualmente puede prometer más de 256 bits de seguridad, por lo que si "
"cualquier programa lee más de 256 bits (32 bytes) del núcleo pool aleatorio "
"por invocación, o por un intervalo razonablemente 'resembrado' (no menos de "
"un minuto), debe tomarse como una señal de que la criptografía I<no> está "
"habilmente implementada."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "VÉASE TAMBIÉN"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<getrandom>(2), B<getauxval>(3), B<getentropy>(3), B<random>(4), "
"B<urandom>(4), B<signal>(7)"
msgstr ""
"B<getrandom>(2), B<getauxval>(3), B<getentropy>(3), B<random>(4), B<urandom>,"
"(4) B<signal>(7)"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-02-10"
msgstr "10 Febrero 2023"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.03"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 Octubre 2023"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux (no publicadas)"