path: root/po/es/man7/utf-8.7.po

# Spanish translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Miguel Angel Sepulveda <angel@vivaldi.princeton.edu>, 1998.
# Juan Piernas <piernas@ditec.um.es>, 1998.
# Miguel Pérez Ibars <mpi79470@alu.um.es>, 2005.
# Marcos Fouces <marcos@debian.org>, 2021-2024.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:33+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-06-02 23:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Marcos Fouces <marcos@debian.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <debian-l10n-spanish@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: es\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "UTF-8"
msgstr "UTF-8"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 Mayo 2024"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.8"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NOMBRE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "UTF-8 - an ASCII compatible multibyte Unicode encoding"
msgstr "UTF-8 - una codificación Unicode multi-byte compatible con ASCII"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "DESCRIPCIÓN"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space.  The most "
"obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2)  consists of a sequence of 16-bit "
"words.  Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit "
"characters\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have "
"a special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments.  In "
"addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-"
"bit words as characters without major modifications.  For these reasons, "
"UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text "
"files, environment variables, and so on.  The ISO/IEC 10646 Universal "
"Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code "
"space\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence "
"of 32-bit words) has the same problems."
msgstr ""
"El conjunto de caracteres Unicode 3.0 ocupa un espacio de códigos de 16 "
"bits. La codificación Unicode más obvia (conocida como UCS-2) consiste en "
"una secuencia de palabras de 16 bits. Tales cadenas pueden contener "
"\\[em]como parte de muchos caracteres de 16 bits\\[em], bytes como "
"\\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], que tienen un significado especial en "
"nombres de archivos y en otras variables de funciones de la biblioteca C. "
"Además, la mayoría de las herramientas de UNIX cuenta con archivos en "
"formato ASCII y no pueden interpretar palabras de 16 bits como caracteres "
"sin considerables modificaciones. Por estas razones, UCS-2 no es una "
"codificación externa apropiada de Unicode en nombres de ficheros, variables "
"de entorno, etc. El 'ISO/IEC 10646 Universal Character Set' (UCS), es un "
"superconjunto de Unicode con un espacio de códigos aún mayor, de hasta "
"\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em] y la codificación obvia para dicho conjunto, UCS-4 "
"(una secuencia de palabras de 32 bits), posee los mismos problemas."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The UTF-8 encoding of Unicode and UCS does not have these problems and is "
"the common way in which Unicode is used on UNIX-style operating systems."
msgstr ""
"La codificación UTF-8 de Unicode y UCS carece de estos problemas y es la "
"forma habitual de usar el conjunto de caracteres Unicode bajo sistemas "
"operativos al estilo UNIX."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Properties"
msgstr "Propiedades"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The UTF-8 encoding has the following nice properties:"
msgstr "La codificación UTF-8 tiene los siguientes propiedades atractivas:"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "\\[bu]"
msgstr "\\[bu]"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) "
"are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility).  This means "
"that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters have the "
"same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8."
msgstr ""
"Los caracteres UCS 0x00000000 a 0x0000007f (el conjunto clásico de "
"caracteres US-ASCII se codifican simplemente como los bytes 0x00 a  0x7f "
"(compatibilidad con ASCII) Esto significa que los ficheros y cadenas que "
"contengan solamente caracteres ASCII de 7 bits tienen la misma codificación "
"en ASCII y en UTF-8."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"All UCS characters greater than 0x7f are encoded as a multibyte sequence "
"consisting only of bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xfd, so no ASCII byte can "
"appear as part of another character and there are no problems with, for "
"example, \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq]."
msgstr ""
"Todos los caracteres UCS mayores que 0x7f se codifican como una secuencia "
"multibyte formada solamente por bytes en el intervalo 0x80 a 0xfd, por tanto "
"ningún byte ASCII puede aparecer como parte de otro carácter y no hay "
"inconenientes con (por ejemplo): \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq]."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The lexicographic sorting order of UCS-4 strings is preserved."
msgstr "Se preserva la enumeración lexicográfica de las cadenas UCS-4."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "All possible 2\\[ha]31 UCS codes can be encoded using UTF-8."
msgstr "Los  2\\[ha]31 códigos posibles UCS pueden codificarse con UTF-8."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The bytes 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe, and 0xff are never used in the UTF-8 encoding."
msgstr ""
"Los bytes 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe y 0xff no se usan nunca en la codificación UTF-8."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The first byte of a multibyte sequence which represents a single non-ASCII "
"UCS character is always in the range 0xc2 to 0xfd and indicates how long "
"this multibyte sequence is.  All further bytes in a multibyte sequence are "
"in the range 0x80 to 0xbf.  This allows easy resynchronization and makes the "
"encoding stateless and robust against missing bytes."
msgstr ""
"El primer byte de una secuencia multibyte que represente un carácter no "
"ASCII UCS siempre se halla en el intervalo  0xc0 a 0xfd, e indica la "
"longitud de la secuencia. El resto de los bytes de la secuencia se hallan en "
"el intervalo 0x80 a 0xbf. Esto permite una fácil resincronización y resulta "
"en una codificación sin estado y robusta frente a la pérdida de bytes."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"UTF-8 encoded UCS characters may be up to six bytes long, however the "
"Unicode standard specifies no characters above 0x10ffff, so Unicode "
"characters can be only up to four bytes long in UTF-8."
msgstr ""
"Los caracteres UCS codificados en UTF-8 pueden llegar a ser de 6 bytes, no "
"obstante el estándar Unicode no especifica caracteres por encima de "
"0x10ffff, por lo tanto los caracteres Unicode sólo pueden ser de 4 bytes "
"como mucho en UTF-8."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Encoding"
msgstr "Codificación"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The following byte sequences are used to represent a character.  The "
"sequence to be used depends on the UCS code number of the character:"
msgstr ""
"Las siguientes secuencias de bytes se usan para representar un carácter. La "
"secuencia a usar depende del código UCS correspondiente al carácter:"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:"
msgstr "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "0I<xxxxxxx>"
msgstr "0I<xxxxxxx>"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:"
msgstr "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "110I<xxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"
msgstr "110I<xxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:"
msgstr "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "1110I<xxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"
msgstr "1110I<xxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:"
msgstr "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "11110I<xxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"
msgstr "11110I<xxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:"
msgstr "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "111110I<xx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"
msgstr "111110I<xx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:"
msgstr "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "1111110I<x> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"
msgstr ""
"1111110I<x> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx> 10I<xxxxxx>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I<xxx> bit positions are filled with the bits of the character code "
"number in binary representation, most significant bit first (big-endian).  "
"Only the shortest possible multibyte sequence which can represent the code "
"number of the character can be used."
msgstr ""
"Las posiciones I<xxx> se rellenan con los bits de la representación binaria "
"del número de código del carácter, con el bit más importante primero (big-"
"endian). Sólo se puede usar la secuencia más corta que pueda representar el "
"número de código."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The UCS code values 0xd800\\[en]0xdfff (UTF-16 surrogates) as well as 0xfffe "
"and 0xffff (UCS noncharacters) should not appear in conforming UTF-8 "
"streams.  According to RFC 3629 no point above U+10FFFF should be used, "
"which limits characters to four bytes."
msgstr ""
"Los valores del código UCS 0xd800\\[en]xdfff (sustitutos de UTF-16) así como "
"0xfffe y 0xffff (caracteres no UCS) no deberían aparecer en flujos conformes "
"con UTF-8. Según el RFC 3629, no debería emplearse ningún valor más allá de "
"U+10FFFF lo que limita los caracteres a cuatro bytes."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Example"
msgstr "Ejemplo"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Unicode character 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (the copyright sign) is encoded in "
"UTF-8 as"
msgstr ""
"El carácter Unicode 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (el signo de copyright) se codifica en "
"B<UTF-8> como"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9"
msgstr "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"and character 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (the \"not equal\" symbol) is "
"encoded as:"
msgstr ""
"y el carácter 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (el símbolo de \"distinto que\") "
"se codifica como:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0"
msgstr "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0"

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Application notes"
msgstr "Observaciones sobre aplicaciones"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Users have to select a UTF-8 locale, for example with"
msgstr ""
"Los usuarios tiene que seleccionar una localización UTF-8, por ejemplo con"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8"
msgstr "export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "in order to activate the UTF-8 support in applications."
msgstr "para poder activar el soporte de UTF-8 en las aplicaciones."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Application software that has to be aware of the used character encoding "
"should always set the locale with for example"
msgstr ""
"Aquellas aplicaciones que deban ser conscientes de la codificación de "
"caracteres usada deben establecer siempre la localización mediante por "
"ejemplo"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")"
msgstr "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "and programmers can then test the expression"
msgstr "y los programadores pueden comprobar la expresión"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0"
msgstr "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"to determine whether a UTF-8 locale has been selected and whether therefore "
"all plaintext standard input and output, terminal communication, plaintext "
"file content, filenames, and environment variables are encoded in UTF-8."
msgstr ""
"para averiguar si se ha seleccionado una localización UTF-8 y por tanto toda "
"la entrada y salida en texto plano, la comunicación con la terminal, el "
"contenido de ficheros con texto plano, los nombres de fichero y las "
"variables de entorno están codificadas en UTF-8."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO/"
"IEC\\ 8859 have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer "
"valid in UTF-8 locales.  Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily "
"correspond any more to a single character.  Secondly, since modern terminal "
"emulators in UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-"
"width characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a "
"single character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as "
"it did in ASCII.  Library functions such as B<mbsrtowcs>(3)  and "
"B<wcswidth>(3)  should be used today to count characters and cursor "
"positions."
msgstr ""
"Los programadores que están habituados a la codificación de un solo byte "
"como US-ASCII o ISO/IEC\\ 8859 deben ser conscientes de que dos suposiciones "
"hechas hasta ahora ya no son válidas en las localizaciones UTF-8. En primer "
"lugar, un solo byte ya no corresponde necesariamente a un único carácter. En "
"segundo lugar, dado que los emuladores de terminales modernos en el modo "
"UTF-8 también admiten caracteres chinos, japoneses y coreanos de doble "
"ancho, así como caracteres de combinación no espaciados, la salida de un "
"único carácter no necesariamente avanza el cursor una posición como se hace "
"en ASCII.  Actualmente, deberían utilizarse funciones de biblioteca, como "
"B<mbsrtowcs>(3) y B<wcswidth>(3), para contar los caracteres y las "
"posiciones del cursor."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO/IEC\\ 2022 encoding scheme "
"(as used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G "
"(\"\\ex1b%G\").  The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO/IEC\\ "
"2022 is ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\").  Other ISO/IEC\\ 2022 sequences (such as for "
"switching the G0 and G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode."
msgstr ""
"La secuencia oficial de ESC para cambiar de un esquema de codificación ISO/"
"IEC\\ 2022 (como se usa por ejemplo en terminales VT100) a UTF-8 es ESC % G "
"('\\ex1b%G'). La secuencia de retorno correspondiente de UTF-8 a ISO/IEC\\ "
"2022 es ESC % @ ('\\ ex1b%@').  Otras secuencias ISO/IEC\\ 2022 (como para "
"cambiar los conjuntos G0 y G1) no son aplicables en el modo UTF-8."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Security"
msgstr "Seguridad"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Unicode and UCS standards require that producers of UTF-8 shall use the "
"shortest form possible, for example, producing a two-byte sequence with "
"first byte 0xc0 is nonconforming.  Unicode 3.1 has added the requirement "
"that conforming programs must not accept non-shortest forms in their input.  "
"This is for security reasons: if user input is checked for possible security "
"violations, a program might check only for the ASCII version of \"/../\" or "
"\";\" or NUL and overlook that there are many non-ASCII ways to represent "
"these things in a non-shortest UTF-8 encoding."
msgstr ""
"Los estándares Unicode y UCS requieren que los fabricantes de UTF-8 usen la "
"forma más corta posible, p.ej: producir una secuencia de dos bytes que tenga "
"como primer byte 0xc0 no se ajustaría al estándar. Unicode 3.1 añade el "
"requisito de que los programas no deben aceptar en su entrada formas que no "
"cumplan la condición anterior. Ésto es por motivos de seguridad: si un "
"programa desea comprobar posibles violaciones de seguridad en la entrada del "
"usuario, éste podría verificar solamente la versión ASCII de \"/../\" o \";"
"\" o NUL y pasar por alto las diferentes maneras no-ASCII de representar "
"estas situaciones en una codificación UTF-8 con formato no reducido."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Standards"
msgstr "Estándares"

#.  .SH AUTHOR
#.  Markus Kuhn <mgk25@cl.cam.ac.uk>
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9."
msgstr "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "VÉASE TAMBIÉN"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<locale>(1), B<nl_langinfo>(3), B<setlocale>(3), B<charsets>(7), "
"B<unicode>(7)"
msgstr ""
"B<locale>(1), B<nl_langinfo>(3), B<setlocale>(3), B<charsets>(7), "
"B<unicode>(7)"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-02-10"
msgstr "10 Febrero 2023"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.03"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space.  The most "
"obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2)  consists of a sequence of 16-bit "
"words.  Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit "
"characters\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have "
"a special meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments.  In "
"addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-"
"bit words as characters without major modifications.  For these reasons, "
"UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text "
"files, environment variables, and so on.  The ISO 10646 Universal Character "
"Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code "
"space\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence "
"of 32-bit words) has the same problems."
msgstr ""
"El conjunto de caracteres Unicode 3.0 ocupa un espacio de códigos de 16 "
"bits. La codificación Unicode más obvia (conocida como UCS-2) consiste en "
"una secuencia de palabras de 16 bits. Tales cadenas pueden contener "
"\\[em]como parte de muchos caracteres de 16 bits\\[em], bytes como "
"\\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], que tienen un significado especial en "
"nombres de archivos y en otras variables de funciones de la biblioteca C. "
"Además, la mayoría de las herramientas de UNIX cuenta con archivos en "
"formato ASCII y no pueden interpretar palabras de 16 bits como caracteres "
"sin considerables modificaciones. Por estas razones, UCS-2 no es una "
"codificación externa apropiada de Unicode en nombres de ficheros, variables "
"de entorno, etc. El 'ISO 10646 Universal Character Set' (UCS), es un "
"superconjunto de Unicode con un espacio de códigos aún mayor, de hasta "
"\\[em]31\\ bits\\[em] y la codificación obvia para dicho conjunto, UCS-4 "
"(una secuencia de palabras de 32 bits), posee los mismos problemas."

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "*"
msgstr "*"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) "
"are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility).  This means "
"that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters have the "
"same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8 ."
msgstr ""
"Los caracteres UCS 0x00000000 a 0x0000007f (el conjunto clásico de "
"caracteres US-ASCII se codifican simplemente como los bytes 0x00 a  0x7f "
"(compatibilidad con ASCII) Esto significa que los ficheros y cadenas que "
"contengan solamente caracteres ASCII de 7 bits tienen la misma codificación "
"en ASCII y en UTF-8."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO 8859 "
"have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer valid in "
"UTF-8 locales.  Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily correspond any "
"more to a single character.  Secondly, since modern terminal emulators in "
"UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-width "
"characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a single "
"character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as it did "
"in ASCII.  Library functions such as B<mbsrtowcs>(3)  and B<wcswidth>(3)  "
"should be used today to count characters and cursor positions."
msgstr ""
"Los programadores acostumbrados a codificaciones de un sólo byte tales como "
"US-ASCII o ISO 8859 deben ser conscientes de que dos suposiciones hechas "
"hasta ahora ya no son válidas con localizaciones UTF-8. En primer lugar, un "
"byte ya no se corresponde necesariamente con un sólo carácter. En segundo "
"lugar, puesto que los modernos emuladores de terminal en modo UTF-8 soportan "
"también caracteres de doble ancho del chino, japonés y coreano, así como "
"caracteres combinantes de no espaciado, escribir en la salida un carácter "
"individual no implica necesariamente avanzar el cursor una posición como "
"sucedía en ASCII. En la actualidad se deben usar funciones de biblioteca "
"como B<mbsrtowcs>(3) y B<wcswidth>(3) para contar caracteres y posiciones "
"del cursor."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO 2022 encoding scheme (as "
"used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\").  "
"The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 is ESC % @ "
"(\"\\ex1b%@\").  Other ISO 2022 sequences (such as for switching the G0 and "
"G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode."
msgstr ""
"La secuencia de escape oficial para cambiar de un esquema de codificación "
"ISO 2022 (como el que se utiliza por ejemplo en las terminales VT100) a "
"UTF-8 es ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\"). La correspondiente secuencia de retorno de "
"UTF-8 a ISO 2022 es ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Otras secuencias ISO 2022  (como "
"para cambiar los conjuntos G0 y G1) no son aplicables en el modo UTF-8."

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-01-28"
msgstr "28 Enero 2024"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-03-14"
msgstr "14 Marzo 2024"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-03-12"
msgstr "12 Marzo 2023"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Páginas de Manual de Linux (no publicadas)"