path: root/po/it/man5/utmp.5.po

# Italian translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Giovanni Bortolozzo <borto@dei.unipd.it>, 1996.
# Alessandro Rubini <rubini@linux.it>, 1998.
# Ottavio G. Rizzo <rizzo@pluto.linux.it>, 1998.
# Giulio Daprelà <giulio@pluto.it>, 2005.
# Elisabetta Galli <lab@kkk.it>, 2007, 2008.
# Marco Curreli <marcocurreli@tiscali.it>, 2013-2014, 2016-2018, 2020, 2021.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.0.0\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:33+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-04-07 00:05+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Marco Curreli <marcocurreli@tiscali.it>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian <pluto-ildp@lists.pluto.it>\n"
"Language: it\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 20.12.3\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "utmp"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 maggio 2024"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NOME"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "utmp, wtmp - login records"
msgstr "utmp, wtmp - registri dei login"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr "SINTASSI"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<#include E<lt>utmp.hE<gt>>\n"
msgstr "B<#include E<lt>utmp.hE<gt>>\n"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "DESCRIZIONE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I<utmp> file allows one to discover information about who is currently "
"using the system.  There may be more users currently using the system, "
"because not all programs use utmp logging."
msgstr ""
"Il file I<utmp> permette di scoprire informazioni su chi sta usando "
"attualmente il sistema. Ci possono essere più utenti che stanno usando il "
"sistema di quelli riportati, poiché non tutti i programmi usano "
"registrazioni utmp."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<Warning:> I<utmp> must not be writable by the user class \"other\", "
"because many system programs (foolishly)  depend on its integrity.  You risk "
"faked system logfiles and modifications of system files if you leave I<utmp> "
"writable to any user other than the owner and group owner of the file."
msgstr ""
"B<Attenzione:> I<utmp> non deve essere scrivibile dalla classe di utenti "
"\"other\", poiché molti programmi di sistema dipendono (stupidamente) dalla "
"sua integrità. Si rischia di avere file di log contraffatti e file di "
"sistema modificati se si lascia I<utmp> scrivibile da utenti che non siano "
"il proprietario o il gruppo proprietario del file."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The file is a sequence of I<utmp> structures, declared as follows in "
"I<E<lt>utmp.hE<gt>> (note that this is only one of several definitions "
"around; details depend on the version of libc):"
msgstr ""
"Il file è una sequenza di strutture I<utmp>, dichiarate nel modo seguente in "
"I<E<lt>utmp.hE<gt>> (si noti che questa è solo una delle numerose "
"definizioni in giro; i dettagli dipendono dalla versione di libc):"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid ""
#| "struct utmp {\n"
#| "    short   ut_type;              /* Type of record */\n"
#| "    pid_t   ut_pid;               /* PID of login process */\n"
#| "    char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* Device name of tty - \"/dev/\" */\n"
#| "    char    ut_id[4];             /* Terminal name suffix,\n"
#| "                                     or inittab(5) ID */\n"
#| "    char    ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* Username */\n"
#| "    char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* Hostname for remote login, or\n"
#| "                                     kernel version for run-level\n"
#| "                                     messages */\n"
#| "    struct  exit_status ut_exit;  /* Exit status of a process\n"
#| "                                     marked as DEAD_PROCESS; not\n"
#| "                                     used by Linux init(1) */\n"
#| "    /* The ut_session and ut_tv fields must be the same size when\n"
#| "       compiled 32- and 64-bit.  This allows data files and shared\n"
#| "       memory to be shared between 32- and 64-bit applications. */\n"
#| "#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32\n"
#| "    int32_t ut_session;           /* Session ID (B<getsid>(2)),\n"
#| "                                     used for windowing */\n"
#| "    struct {\n"
#| "        int32_t tv_sec;           /* Seconds */\n"
#| "        int32_t tv_usec;          /* Microseconds */\n"
#| "    } ut_tv;                      /* Time entry was made */\n"
#| "#else\n"
#| "     long   ut_session;           /* Session ID */\n"
#| "     struct timeval ut_tv;        /* Time entry was made */\n"
#| "#endif\n"
msgid ""
"/* Values for ut_type field, below */\n"
"\\&\n"
"#define EMPTY         0 /* Record does not contain valid info\n"
"                           (formerly known as UT_UNKNOWN on Linux) */\n"
"#define RUN_LVL       1 /* Change in system run-level (see\n"
"                           B<init>(1)) */\n"
"#define BOOT_TIME     2 /* Time of system boot (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define NEW_TIME      3 /* Time after system clock change\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define OLD_TIME      4 /* Time before system clock change\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define INIT_PROCESS  5 /* Process spawned by B<init>(1) */\n"
"#define LOGIN_PROCESS 6 /* Session leader process for user login */\n"
"#define USER_PROCESS  7 /* Normal process */\n"
"#define DEAD_PROCESS  8 /* Terminated process */\n"
"#define ACCOUNTING    9 /* Not implemented */\n"
"\\&\n"
"#define UT_LINESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_NAMESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_HOSTSIZE     256\n"
"\\&\n"
"struct exit_status {              /* Type for ut_exit, below */\n"
"    short e_termination;          /* Process termination status */\n"
"    short e_exit;                 /* Process exit status */\n"
"};\n"
"\\&\n"
"struct utmp {\n"
"    short   ut_type;              /* Type of record */\n"
"    pid_t   ut_pid;               /* PID of login process */\n"
"    char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* Device name of tty - \"/dev/\" */\n"
"    char    ut_id[4];             /* Terminal name suffix,\n"
"                                     or inittab(5) ID */\n"
"    char    ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* Username */\n"
"    char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* Hostname for remote login, or\n"
"                                     kernel version for run-level\n"
"                                     messages */\n"
"    struct  exit_status ut_exit;  /* Exit status of a process\n"
"                                     marked as DEAD_PROCESS; not\n"
"                                     used by Linux init(1) */\n"
"    /* The ut_session and ut_tv fields must be the same size when\n"
"       compiled 32- and 64-bit.  This allows data files and shared\n"
"       memory to be shared between 32- and 64-bit applications. */\n"
"#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32\n"
"    int32_t ut_session;           /* Session ID (B<getsid>(2)),\n"
"                                     used for windowing */\n"
"    struct {\n"
"        int32_t tv_sec;           /* Seconds */\n"
"        int32_t tv_usec;          /* Microseconds */\n"
"    } ut_tv;                      /* Time entry was made */\n"
"#else\n"
"     long   ut_session;           /* Session ID */\n"
"     struct timeval ut_tv;        /* Time entry was made */\n"
"#endif\n"
"\\&\n"
"    int32_t ut_addr_v6[4];        /* Internet address of remote\n"
"                                     host; IPv4 address uses\n"
"                                     just ut_addr_v6[0] */\n"
"    char __unused[20];            /* Reserved for future use */\n"
"};\n"
"\\&\n"
"/* Backward compatibility hacks */\n"
"#define ut_name ut_user\n"
"#ifndef _NO_UT_TIME\n"
"#define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#endif\n"
"#define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#define ut_addr ut_addr_v6[0]\n"
msgstr ""
"struct utmp {\n"
"    short   ut_type;              /* tipo di record */\n"
"    pid_t   ut_pid;               /* PID del processo di login */\n"
"    char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* nome del dispositivo tty - \"/dev/\" */\n"
"    char    ut_id[4];             /* suffisso del nome del terminale,\n"
"                                     o ID inittab(5) */\n"
"    char    ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* nome utente */\n"
"    char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* nome dell'host per il login remoto, o\n"
"                                     versione del kernel per i messaggi di\n"
"                                     run-level*/\n"
"    struct  exit_status ut_exit;  /* stato di uscita di un processo\n"
"                                     marcato come DEAD_PROCESS; non usato\n"
"                                     dal programma init(1) di Linux */\n"
"    /* I campi ut_session e ut_tv devono essere della stessa dimensione sia\n"
"       compilati per 32 che per 64 bit.  Ciò permette a file dati e memoria\n"
"       condivisa di essere condivisi tra applicazioni 32-bit e applicazioni\n"
"       64-bit. */\n"
"#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32\n"
"    int32_t ut_session;           /* ID della sessione (B<getsid>(2)),\n"
"                                     usato per il windowing */\n"
"    struct {\n"
"        int32_t tv_sec;           /* secondi */\n"
"        int32_t tv_usec;          /* microsecondi */\n"
"    } ut_tv;                      /* creata una voce Time */\n"
"#else\n"
"     long   ut_session;           /* ID della sessione */\n"
"     struct timeval ut_tv;        /* creata una voce Time */\n"
"#endif\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This structure gives the name of the special file associated with the "
#| "user's terminal, the user's login name, and the time of login in the form "
#| "of B<time>(2).  String fields are terminated by a null byte (\\(aq"
#| "\\e0\\(aq)  if they are shorter than the size of the field."
msgid ""
"This structure gives the name of the special file associated with the user's "
"terminal, the user's login name, and the time of login in the form of "
"B<time>(2).  String fields are terminated by a null byte (\\[aq]\\e0\\[aq])  "
"if they are shorter than the size of the field."
msgstr ""
"Questa struttura dà il nome del file speciale associato al terminale utente, "
"il nome di login dell'utente, e l'ora di login nel formato di B<time>(2). I "
"campi stringa sono terminati con un byte null (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq) se sono più "
"corti della dimensione del campo."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The first entries ever created result from B<init>(1)  processing "
"B<inittab>(5).  Before an entry is processed, though, B<init>(1)  cleans up "
"utmp by setting I<ut_type> to B<DEAD_PROCESS>, clearing I<ut_user>, "
"I<ut_host>, and I<ut_time> with null bytes for each record which I<ut_type> "
"is not B<DEAD_PROCESS> or B<RUN_LVL> and where no process with PID I<ut_pid> "
"exists.  If no empty record with the needed I<ut_id> can be found, "
"B<init>(1)  creates a new one.  It sets I<ut_id> from the inittab, I<ut_pid> "
"and I<ut_time> to the current values, and I<ut_type> to B<INIT_PROCESS>."
msgstr ""
"Le prime voci del file sono il risultato di B<init>(1) quando elabora "
"B<inittab>(5). Prima che una voce sia eseguita, però, B<init>(1) pulisce il "
"file utmp assegnando il valore di B<DEAD_PROCESS> a I<ut_type>, pulendo "
"I<ut_user>, I<ut_host> e I<ut_time> con byte nulli per ogni registrazione il "
"cui I<ut_type> non sia I<DEAD_PROCESS> o I<RUN_LVL>, e quelle per cui non "
"esistono processi con PID I<ut_pid>. Se non si trovano registrazioni vuote "
"con la I<ut_id> necessaria, B<init>(1) ne crea una nuova. Poi assegna "
"I<ut_id> dal file inittab, assegna i valori attuali a I<ut_pid> e I<ut_time> "
"e assegna B<INIT_PROCESS> a I<ut_type>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<mingetty>(8)  (or B<agetty>(8))  locates the entry by the PID, changes "
"I<ut_type> to B<LOGIN_PROCESS>, changes I<ut_time>, sets I<ut_line>, and "
"waits for connection to be established.  B<login>(1), after a user has been "
"authenticated, changes I<ut_type> to B<USER_PROCESS>, changes I<ut_time>, "
"and sets I<ut_host> and I<ut_addr>.  Depending on B<mingetty>(8)  (or "
"B<agetty>(8))  and B<login>(1), records may be located by I<ut_line> instead "
"of the preferable I<ut_pid>."
msgstr ""
"B<mingetty>(8) (o B<agetty>(8)) localizza le voci tramite il PID, cambia "
"I<ut_type> perché contenga B<LOGIN_PROCESS>, aggiorna I<ut_time>, assegna "
"I<ut_line> e aspetta che venga stabilita una connessione. B<login>(1), dopo "
"aver autenticato un utente, cambia I<ut_type> perché valga B<USER_PROCESS>, "
"aggiorna I<ut_time> e imposta I<ut_host> e I<ut_addr>. In base al "
"comportamento di B<mingetty>(8) (o B<agetty>(8)) e B<login>(1), i record "
"possono essere indirizzati da I<ut_line> invece del metodo preferibile, "
"I<ut_pid>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When B<init>(1)  finds that a process has exited, it locates its utmp entry "
"by I<ut_pid>, sets I<ut_type> to B<DEAD_PROCESS>, and clears I<ut_user>, "
"I<ut_host>, and I<ut_time> with null bytes."
msgstr ""
"Quando B<init>(1) scopre che un processo è terminato, ricerca la sua voce "
"utmp tramite I<ut_pid>, assegna il valore B<DEAD_PROCESS> a I<ut_type> e "
"pulisce I<ut_user>, I<ut_host> e I<ut_time>, assegnandogli dei byte nulli."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "B<xterm>(1)  and other terminal emulators directly create a "
#| "B<USER_PROCESS> record and generate the I<ut_id> by using the string that "
#| "suffix part of the terminal name (the characters following I</dev/"
#| "[pt]ty>).  If they find a B<DEAD_PROCESS> for this ID, they recycle it, "
#| "otherwise they create a new entry.  If they can, they will mark it as "
#| "B<DEAD_PROCESS> on exiting and it is advised that they null I<ut_line>, "
#| "I<ut_time>, I<ut_user>, and I<ut_host> as well."
msgid ""
"B<xterm>(1)  and other terminal emulators directly create a B<USER_PROCESS> "
"record and generate the I<ut_id> by using the string that suffix part of the "
"terminal name (the characters following I</dev/>[pt]I<ty>).  If they find a "
"B<DEAD_PROCESS> for this ID, they recycle it, otherwise they create a new "
"entry.  If they can, they will mark it as B<DEAD_PROCESS> on exiting and it "
"is advised that they null I<ut_line>, I<ut_time>, I<ut_user>, and I<ut_host> "
"as well."
msgstr ""
"B<xterm>(1) e altri emulatori terminale creano direttamente un record "
"B<USER_PROCESS> e generano il I<ut_id> usando la stringa che compone il "
"suffisso finale del nome del terminale (i caratteri che seguono I</dev/"
"[pt]ty>). Se trovano un B<DEAD_PROCESS> per questo ID lo riciclano, "
"altrimenti creano una nuova voce. Se possono, lo marcheranno come "
"B<DEAD_PROCESS> all'uscita e si consiglia che azzerino anche I<ut_line>, "
"I<ut_time>, I<ut_user> e I<ut_host>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<telnetd>(8)  sets up a B<LOGIN_PROCESS> entry and leaves the rest to "
"B<login>(1)  as usual.  After the telnet session ends, B<telnetd>(8)  cleans "
"up utmp in the described way."
msgstr ""
"B<telnetd>(8) imposta una voce B<LOGIN_PROCESS> e lascia il resto a "
"B<login>(1) come al solito. Dopo che la sessione telnet termina "
"B<telnetd>(8) pulisce utmp nel modo descritto."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The I<wtmp> file records all logins and logouts.  Its format is exactly "
#| "like I<utmp> except that a null username indicates a logout on the "
#| "associated terminal.  Furthermore, the terminal name B<\\(ti> with "
#| "username B<shutdown> or B<reboot> indicates a system shutdown or reboot "
#| "and the pair of terminal names B<|>/B<}> logs the old/new system time "
#| "when B<date>(1)  changes it.  I<wtmp> is maintained by B<login>(1), "
#| "B<init>(1), and some versions of B<getty>(8)  (e.g., B<mingetty>(8)  or "
#| "B<agetty>(8)).  None of these programs creates the file, so if it is "
#| "removed, record-keeping is turned off."
msgid ""
"The I<wtmp> file records all logins and logouts.  Its format is exactly like "
"I<utmp> except that a null username indicates a logout on the associated "
"terminal.  Furthermore, the terminal name B<\\[ti]> with username "
"B<shutdown> or B<reboot> indicates a system shutdown or reboot and the pair "
"of terminal names B<|>/B<}> logs the old/new system time when B<date>(1)  "
"changes it.  I<wtmp> is maintained by B<login>(1), B<init>(1), and some "
"versions of B<getty>(8)  (e.g., B<mingetty>(8)  or B<agetty>(8)).  None of "
"these programs creates the file, so if it is removed, record-keeping is "
"turned off."
msgstr ""
"Il file I<wtmp> registra tutti i login e logout. Il suo formato è "
"esattamente come I<utmp> tranne che un nome utente nullo indica un logout "
"sul terminale associato. Inoltre il nome terminale  B<\\(ti> con nome utente "
"B<shutdown> o B<reboot> indica uno spegnimento o riavvio del sistema e la "
"coppia di nomi di terminale B<|>/B<}> registra la vecchia/nuova ora di "
"sistema quando B<date>(1) la cambia. I<wtmp> è mantenuto da B<login>(1), "
"B<init>(1), e da alcune versioni di B<getty>(8) (cioè B<mingetty>(8) o "
"B<agetty>(8)). Il file non è creato da nessuno di questi programmi, quindi "
"se esso viene rimosso la registrazione è disattivata."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "FILES"
msgstr "FILE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I</var/run/utmp>"
msgstr "I</var/run/utmp>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I</var/log/wtmp>"
msgstr "I</var/log/wtmp>"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "VERSIONS"
msgstr "VERSIONI"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "POSIX.1 does not specify a I<utmp> structure, but rather one named "
#| "I<utmpx>, with specifications for the fields I<ut_type>, I<ut_pid>, "
#| "I<ut_line>, I<ut_id>, I<ut_user>, and I<ut_tv>.  POSIX.1 does not specify "
#| "the lengths of the I<ut_line> and I<ut_user> fields."
msgid ""
"POSIX.1 does not specify a I<utmp> structure, but rather one named I<utmpx> "
"(as part of the XSI extension), with specifications for the fields "
"I<ut_type>, I<ut_pid>, I<ut_line>, I<ut_id>, I<ut_user>, and I<ut_tv>.  "
"POSIX.1 does not specify the lengths of the I<ut_line> and I<ut_user> fields."
msgstr ""
"POSIX.1 non specifica una struttura I<utmp> ma una che si chiama I<utmpx>, "
"with specifications for the fields I<ut_type>, I<ut_pid>, I<ut_line>, "
"I<ut_id>, I<ut_user> e I<ut_tv>. POSIX.1 non specifica la lunghezza dei "
"campi I<ut_line> e I<ut_user>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Linux defines the I<utmpx> structure to be the same as the I<utmp> structure."
msgstr "Linux definisce la struttura I<utmpx> uguale a quella di I<utmp>."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "STANDARDS"
msgstr "STANDARD"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Linux."
msgstr "Linux."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "HISTORY"
msgstr "STORIA"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Linux utmp entries conform neither to v7/BSD nor to System V; they are a mix "
"of the two."
msgstr ""
"Le voci Linux utmp non sono conformi nè a v7/BSD nè a SYSV; esse sono un mix "
"delle due."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"v7/BSD has fewer fields; most importantly it lacks I<ut_type>, which causes "
"native v7/BSD-like programs to display (for example) dead or login entries.  "
"Further, there is no configuration file which allocates slots to sessions.  "
"BSD does so because it lacks I<ut_id> fields."
msgstr ""
"v7/BSD ha meno campi; più importante, esso non ha I<ut_type>, e ciò fa sì "
"che programmi nativi v7/BSD visualizzino (per esempio) voci morte o di "
"login. Inoltre, non c'è alcun file di configurazione che alloca spazi alle "
"sessioni. BSD fa questo perché non ha campi I<ut_id>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In Linux (as in System V), the I<ut_id> field of a record will never change "
"once it has been set, which reserves that slot without needing a "
"configuration file.  Clearing I<ut_id> may result in race conditions leading "
"to corrupted utmp entries and potential security holes.  Clearing the "
"abovementioned fields by filling them with null bytes is not required by "
"System V semantics, but makes it possible to run many programs which assume "
"BSD semantics and which do not modify utmp.  Linux uses the BSD conventions "
"for line contents, as documented above."
msgstr ""
"In Linux (come in System V), il campo I<ut_id> di un record non cambierà mai "
"una volta che è stato impostato, e ciò riserva questo spazio senza bisogno "
"di un file di configurazione. Cancellare I<ut_id> può dar luogo a delle race "
"condition che portano a voci utmp corrotte e a potenziali buchi di "
"sicurezza. Cancellare i campi menzionati sopra riempiendoli con byte nulli "
"non è richiesto dalla semantica System V, ma permette di eseguire molti "
"programmi che assumono la semantica BSD e che non modificano utmp. Linux usa "
"le convenzioni BSD per i contenuti di linea, come documentato in precedenza."

#.  mtk: What is the referrent of "them" in the following sentence?
#.  System V only uses the type field to mark them and logs
#.  informative messages such as \fB"new time"\fP in the line field.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "System V has no I<ut_host> or I<ut_addr_v6> fields."
msgstr "System V non ha campi I<ut_host> o I<ut_addr_v6>."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "NOTE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Unlike various other systems, where utmp logging can be disabled by removing "
"the file, utmp must always exist on Linux.  If you want to disable "
"B<who>(1), then do not make utmp world readable."
msgstr ""
"A differenza di vari altri sistemi, in cui la registrazione in utmp può "
"essere disabilitata cancellando il file, utmp deve sempre esistere in Linux. "
"Se si vuole disabilitare B<who>(1) basta togliere il permesso di lettura "
"globale al file utmp."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The file format is machine-dependent, so it is recommended that it be "
"processed only on the machine architecture where it was created."
msgstr ""
"Il formato del file dipende dalla macchina, perciò si raccomanda di "
"elaborarlo solo su macchine con la stessa architettura di quella su cui il "
"file è stato creato."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note that on I<biarch> platforms, that is, systems which can run both 32-bit "
"and 64-bit applications (x86-64, ppc64, s390x, etc.), I<ut_tv> is the same "
"size in 32-bit mode as in 64-bit mode.  The same goes for I<ut_session> and "
"I<ut_time> if they are present.  This allows data files and shared memory to "
"be shared between 32-bit and 64-bit applications.  This is achieved by "
"changing the type of I<ut_session> to I<int32_t>, and that of I<ut_tv> to a "
"struct with two I<int32_t> fields I<tv_sec> and I<tv_usec>.  Since I<ut_tv> "
"may not be the same as I<struct timeval>, then instead of the call:"
msgstr ""
"Notare che su piattaforme I<biarch>, cioé sistemi che possono far girare sia "
"applicazioni 32-bit che 64-bit (x86-64, ppc64, s390x, etc.), I<ut_tv> è "
"della stessa dimensione in modalità 32-bit e in modalità 64-bit. Lo stesso "
"vale per I<ut_session> e I<ut_time> se sono presenti. Ciò permette a file "
"dati e memoria condivisa di essere condivisi tra applicazioni 32-bit e "
"applicazioni 64-bit. Ciò si ottiene cambiando il tipo di I<ut_session> a "
"I<int32_t>, e il tipo di I<ut_tv> ad una struttura con due campi I<int32_t>, "
"I<tv_sec> e I<tv_usec>. Poiché I<ut_tv> potrebbe non essere lo stesso di "
"I<struct timeval>, invece della chiamata:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "gettimeofday((struct timeval *) &ut.ut_tv, NULL);\n"
msgstr "gettimeofday((struct timeval *) &ut.ut_tv, NULL);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "the following method of setting this field is recommended:"
msgstr "si raccomanda il seguente metodo per impostare il campo:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid ""
#| "gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);\n"
#| "ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;\n"
#| "ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;\n"
msgid ""
"struct utmp ut;\n"
"struct timeval tv;\n"
"\\&\n"
"gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;\n"
msgstr ""
"gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;\n"

#. #-#-#-#-#  archlinux: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-bookworm: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .PP
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-40: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-rawhide: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-6: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .PP
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-tumbleweed: utmp.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .P
#.  Note that the \fIutmp\fP struct from libc5 has changed in libc6.
#.  Because of this,
#.  binaries using the old libc5 struct will corrupt
#.  .IR /var/run/utmp " and/or " /var/log/wtmp .
#.  .SH BUGS
#.  This man page is based on the libc5 one, things may work differently now.
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "VEDERE ANCHE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<ac>(1), B<date>(1), B<init>(1), B<last>(1), B<login>(1), B<logname>(1), "
"B<lslogins>(1), B<users>(1), B<utmpdump>(1), B<who>(1), B<getutent>(3), "
"B<getutmp>(3), B<login>(3), B<logout>(3), B<logwtmp>(3), B<updwtmp>(3)"
msgstr ""
"B<ac>(1), B<date>(1), B<init>(1), B<last>(1), B<login>(1), B<logname>(1), "
"B<lslogins>(1), B<users>(1), B<utmpdump>(1), B<who>(1), B<getutent>(3), "
"B<getutmp>(3), B<login>(3), B<logout>(3), B<logwtmp>(3), B<updwtmp>(3)"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-02-05"
msgstr "5 febbraio 2023"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "/* Values for ut_type field, below */\n"
msgstr "/* Valori per il campo ut_type, sotto */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"#define EMPTY         0 /* Record does not contain valid info\n"
"                           (formerly known as UT_UNKNOWN on Linux) */\n"
"#define RUN_LVL       1 /* Change in system run-level (see\n"
"                           B<init>(1)) */\n"
"#define BOOT_TIME     2 /* Time of system boot (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define NEW_TIME      3 /* Time after system clock change\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define OLD_TIME      4 /* Time before system clock change\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define INIT_PROCESS  5 /* Process spawned by B<init>(1) */\n"
"#define LOGIN_PROCESS 6 /* Session leader process for user login */\n"
"#define USER_PROCESS  7 /* Normal process */\n"
"#define DEAD_PROCESS  8 /* Terminated process */\n"
"#define ACCOUNTING    9 /* Not implemented */\n"
msgstr ""
"#define EMPTY         0 /* Il record non contiene informazioni valide\n"
"                           (precedentemente conosciuto come UT_UNKNOWN su Linux) */\n"
"#define RUN_LVL       1 /* Cambiamento nel run-level di sistema (vedere\n"
"                           B<init>(1)) */\n"
"#define BOOT_TIME     2 /* Tempo di avvio del sistema (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define NEW_TIME      3 /* Tempo dopo il cambiamento dell'orologio di sistema\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define OLD_TIME      4 /* Tempo prima del cambiamento dell'orologio di sistema\n"
"                           (in I<ut_tv>) */\n"
"#define INIT_PROCESS  5 /* Processo rigenerato da B<init>(1) */\n"
"#define LOGIN_PROCESS 6 /* Processo leader della sessione per il login\n"
"                           dell'utente */\n"
"#define USER_PROCESS  7 /* Processo normale */\n"
"#define DEAD_PROCESS  8 /* Processo terminato */\n"
"#define ACCOUNTING    9 /* Non implementato */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"#define UT_LINESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_NAMESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_HOSTSIZE     256\n"
msgstr ""
"#define UT_LINESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_NAMESIZE      32\n"
"#define UT_HOSTSIZE     256\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct exit_status {              /* Type for ut_exit, below */\n"
"    short e_termination;          /* Process termination status */\n"
"    short e_exit;                 /* Process exit status */\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""
"struct exit_status {              /* Tipo per ut_exit, sotto */\n"
"    short e_termination;      /* stato di chiusura del processo */\n"
"    short e_exit;             /* stato di uscita del processo */\n"
"};\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct utmp {\n"
"    short   ut_type;              /* Type of record */\n"
"    pid_t   ut_pid;               /* PID of login process */\n"
"    char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* Device name of tty - \"/dev/\" */\n"
"    char    ut_id[4];             /* Terminal name suffix,\n"
"                                     or inittab(5) ID */\n"
"    char    ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* Username */\n"
"    char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* Hostname for remote login, or\n"
"                                     kernel version for run-level\n"
"                                     messages */\n"
"    struct  exit_status ut_exit;  /* Exit status of a process\n"
"                                     marked as DEAD_PROCESS; not\n"
"                                     used by Linux init(1) */\n"
"    /* The ut_session and ut_tv fields must be the same size when\n"
"       compiled 32- and 64-bit.  This allows data files and shared\n"
"       memory to be shared between 32- and 64-bit applications. */\n"
"#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32\n"
"    int32_t ut_session;           /* Session ID (B<getsid>(2)),\n"
"                                     used for windowing */\n"
"    struct {\n"
"        int32_t tv_sec;           /* Seconds */\n"
"        int32_t tv_usec;          /* Microseconds */\n"
"    } ut_tv;                      /* Time entry was made */\n"
"#else\n"
"     long   ut_session;           /* Session ID */\n"
"     struct timeval ut_tv;        /* Time entry was made */\n"
"#endif\n"
msgstr ""
"struct utmp {\n"
"    short   ut_type;              /* tipo di record */\n"
"    pid_t   ut_pid;               /* PID del processo di login */\n"
"    char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* nome del dispositivo tty - \"/dev/\" */\n"
"    char    ut_id[4];             /* suffisso del nome del terminale,\n"
"                                     o ID inittab(5) */\n"
"    char    ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* nome utente */\n"
"    char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* nome dell'host per il login remoto, o\n"
"                                     versione del kernel per i messaggi di\n"
"                                     run-level*/\n"
"    struct  exit_status ut_exit;  /* stato di uscita di un processo\n"
"                                     marcato come DEAD_PROCESS; non usato\n"
"                                     dal programma init(1) di Linux */\n"
"    /* I campi ut_session e ut_tv devono essere della stessa dimensione sia\n"
"       compilati per 32 che per 64 bit.  Ciò permette a file dati e memoria\n"
"       condivisa di essere condivisi tra applicazioni 32-bit e applicazioni\n"
"       64-bit. */\n"
"#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32\n"
"    int32_t ut_session;           /* ID della sessione (B<getsid>(2)),\n"
"                                     usato per il windowing */\n"
"    struct {\n"
"        int32_t tv_sec;           /* secondi */\n"
"        int32_t tv_usec;          /* microsecondi */\n"
"    } ut_tv;                      /* creata una voce Time */\n"
"#else\n"
"     long   ut_session;           /* ID della sessione */\n"
"     struct timeval ut_tv;        /* creata una voce Time */\n"
"#endif\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    int32_t ut_addr_v6[4];        /* Internet address of remote\n"
"                                     host; IPv4 address uses\n"
"                                     just ut_addr_v6[0] */\n"
"    char __unused[20];            /* Reserved for future use */\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""
"    int32_t ut_addr_v6[4];        /* indirizzo IP dell'host\n"
"                                     remoto; gli indirizzi IPv4 usano\n"
"                                     solo ut_addr_v6[0] */\n"
"    char __unused[20];            /* riservato per usi futuri */\n"
"};\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"/* Backward compatibility hacks */\n"
"#define ut_name ut_user\n"
"#ifndef _NO_UT_TIME\n"
"#define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#endif\n"
"#define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#define ut_addr ut_addr_v6[0]\n"
msgstr ""
"/* Trucchi per la compatibilità all'indietro */\n"
"#define ut_name ut_user\n"
"#ifndef _NO_UT_TIME\n"
"#define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#endif\n"
"#define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec\n"
"#define ut_addr ut_addr_v6[0]\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"B<xterm>(1)  and other terminal emulators directly create a B<USER_PROCESS> "
"record and generate the I<ut_id> by using the string that suffix part of the "
"terminal name (the characters following I</dev/[pt]ty>).  If they find a "
"B<DEAD_PROCESS> for this ID, they recycle it, otherwise they create a new "
"entry.  If they can, they will mark it as B<DEAD_PROCESS> on exiting and it "
"is advised that they null I<ut_line>, I<ut_time>, I<ut_user>, and I<ut_host> "
"as well."
msgstr ""
"B<xterm>(1) e altri emulatori terminale creano direttamente un record "
"B<USER_PROCESS> e generano il I<ut_id> usando la stringa che compone il "
"suffisso finale del nome del terminale (i caratteri che seguono I</dev/"
"[pt]ty>). Se trovano un B<DEAD_PROCESS> per questo ID lo riciclano, "
"altrimenti creano una nuova voce. Se possono, lo marcheranno come "
"B<DEAD_PROCESS> all'uscita e si consiglia che azzerino anche I<ut_line>, "
"I<ut_time>, I<ut_user> e I<ut_host>."

#. type: SS
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Comparison with historical systems"
msgstr "Confronto tra sistemi storici"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct utmp ut;\n"
"struct timeval tv;\n"
msgstr ""
"struct utmp ut;\n"
"struct timeval tv;\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;\n"
msgstr ""
"gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;\n"
"ut.ut_tv.tv_usec = tv.tv_usec;\n"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 ottobre 2023"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-04-03"
msgstr "3 aprile 2023"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"