path: root/po/ru/man5/tzfile.5.po

# Russian translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Azamat Hackimov <azamat.hackimov@gmail.com>, 2014, 2016-2017.
# Dmitry Bolkhovskikh <d20052005@yandex.ru>, 2017.
# Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>, 2011-2019.
# Иван Павлов <pavia00@gmail.com>, 2017, 2019.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-05-01 15:58+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-16 18:46+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <man-pages-ru-talks@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: ru\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || (n"
"%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "tzfile"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Time Zone Database"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "ИМЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "tzfile - timezone information"
msgstr "tzfile - информация о часовом поясе"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "ОПИСАНИЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The timezone information files used by B<tzset>(3)  are typically found "
"under a directory with a name like I</usr/share/zoneinfo>.  These files use "
"the format described in Internet RFC 8536.  Each file is a sequence of 8-bit "
"bytes.  In a file, a binary integer is represented by a sequence of one or "
"more bytes in network order (bigendian, or high-order byte first), with all "
"bits significant, a signed binary integer is represented using two's "
"complement, and a boolean is represented by a one-byte binary integer that "
"is either 0 (false) or 1 (true).  The format begins with a 44-byte header "
"containing the following fields:"
msgstr ""

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "\\(bu"
msgstr "\\(bu"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The magic four-byte ASCII sequence"
msgstr "Информационная (magic) четырехбайтовая последовательность ASCII"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "identifies the file as a timezone information file."
msgstr ", означающая, что это файл с информацией о часовом поясе."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A byte identifying the version of the file's format (as of 2021, either an "
"ASCII NUL,"
msgstr "Байт с версией формата файла (например 2021, ASCII NUL"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "or"
msgstr "или"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Fifteen bytes containing zeros reserved for future use."
msgstr ""
"Пятнадцать байт, заполненных нулями, зарезервированы для использования в "
"будущем."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Six four-byte integer values, in the following order:"
msgstr ""

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_ttisutcnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_ttisutcnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The number of UT/local indicators stored in the file."
msgid ""
"The number of UT/local indicators stored in the file.  (UT is Universal "
"Time.)"
msgstr "Количество UT/локальных (local) индикаторов в файле."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_ttisstdcnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_ttisstdcnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The number of standard/wall indicators stored in the file."
msgstr "Количество стандартных/местных (wall) индикаторов в файле."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_leapcnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_leapcnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The number of leap seconds for which data entries are stored in the file."
msgstr ""
"Количество високосных секунд, для которых в файле определены элементы данных."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_timecnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_timecnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The number of transition times for which data entries are stored in the file."
msgstr ""
"Количество моментов перевода часов, для которых в файле определены элементы "
"данных."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_typecnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_typecnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The number of local time types for which data entries are stored in the file "
"(must not be zero)."
msgstr ""
"Количество типов локального времени, для которых в файле определены элементы "
"данных (не должно быть равно 0)."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<tzh_charcnt>"
msgstr "B<tzh_charcnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The number of bytes of time zone abbreviation strings stored in the file."
msgstr ""
"Количество байт строк аббревиатур часовых поясов, определённых в файле."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The above header is followed by the following fields, whose lengths depend "
"on the contents of the header:"
msgstr ""
"После заголовка, описанного выше, располагаются поля, длина которых зависит "
"от содержимого заголовка:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending "
#| "order.  These values are written in standard byte order.  Each is used as "
#| "a transition time (as returned by B<time>(2))  at which the rules for "
#| "computing local time change."
msgid ""
"B<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending order.  "
"These values are written in network byte order.  Each is used as a "
"transition time (as returned by B<time>(2))  at which the rules for "
"computing local time change."
msgstr ""
"Четырёхбайтовые знаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>, сортируются в порядке "
"возрастания. Эти значения записываются в стандартном порядке байт. Каждое "
"значение используется как момент перевода часов (возвращаемый B<time>(2)), "
"по правилам которого вычисляется изменение локального времени."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last "
#| "tells which of the different types of local time types described in the "
#| "file is associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed "
#| "transition time and continuing up to but not including the next "
#| "transition time.  (The last time type is present only for consistency "
#| "checking with the POSIX-style TZ string described below.)  These values "
#| "serve as indices into the next field."
msgid ""
"B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells "
"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is "
"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition "
"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time.  (The "
"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the "
"POSIX.1-2017-style TZ string described below.)  These values serve as "
"indices into the next field."
msgstr ""
"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые B<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего "
"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, "
"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же "
"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип "
"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в "
"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего "
"поля."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "B<tzh_typecnt> B<ttinfo> entries, each defined as follows:"
msgstr "Элементы B<tzh_typecnt> B<ttinfo> определены следующим образом:"

#. type: ta
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u"
msgid "\\w'\\0\\0\\0\\0'u +\\w'unsigned char\\0'u"
msgstr ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct ttinfo {\n"
"\tint32_t\ttt_utoff;\n"
"\tunsigned char\ttt_isdst;\n"
"\tunsigned char\ttt_desigidx;\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""
"struct ttinfo {\n"
"\tint32_t\ttt_utoff;\n"
"\tunsigned char\ttt_isdst;\n"
"\tunsigned char\ttt_desigidx;\n"
"};\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for "
#| "I<tt_gmtoff>, in a standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for "
#| "I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_abbrind>.  In each structure, "
#| "I<tt_gmtoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> "
#| "tells whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3)  and "
#| "I<tt_abbrind> serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation "
#| "bytes that follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file."
msgid ""
"Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for "
"B<tt_utoff>, in network byte order, followed by a one-byte boolean for "
"B<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for B<tt_desigidx>.  In each structure, "
"B<tt_utoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, B<tt_isdst> tells "
"whether B<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3)  and B<tt_desigidx> "
"serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation bytes that "
"follow the B<ttinfo> entries in the file; if the designated string is "
"\"\\*-00\", the B<ttinfo> entry is a placeholder indicating that local time "
"is unspecified.  The B<tt_utoff> value is never equal to -2**31, to let 32-"
"bit clients negate it without overflow.  Also, in realistic applications "
"B<tt_utoff> is in the range [-89999, 93599] (i.e., more than -25 hours and "
"less than 26 hours); this allows easy support by implementations that "
"already support the POSIX-required range [-24:59:59, 25:59:59]."
msgstr ""
"Каждая структура состоит из четырехбайтного знакового числа I<tt_gmtoff>, "
"записанного в стандартном порядке байт; за ним следует однобайтное значение "
"I<tt_isdst> и однобайтное значение I<tt_abbrind>. В каждой структуре "
"I<tt_gmtoff> означает, сколько секунд надо добавить к UT; I<tt_isdst> "
"определяет, будет ли I<tm_isdst> устанавливаться B<localtime>(3), а "
"I<tt_abbrind> является индексом массива аббревиатур байт часовых поясов, за "
"которым в файле следуют структуры I<ttinfo>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<tzh_charcnt> bytes that represent time zone designations, which are null-"
"terminated byte strings, each indexed by the B<tt_desigidx> values mentioned "
"above.  The byte strings can overlap if one is a suffix of the other.  The "
"encoding of these strings is not specified."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in network byte order; the "
"first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by "
"B<time>(2))  at which a leap second occurs or at which the leap second table "
"expires; the second is a signed integer specifying the correction, which is "
"the I<total> number of leap seconds to be applied during the time period "
"starting at the given time.  The pairs of values are sorted in strictly "
"ascending order by time.  Each pair denotes one leap second, either positive "
"or negative, except that if the last pair has the same correction as the "
"previous one, the last pair denotes the leap second table's expiration "
"time.  Each leap second is at the end of a UTC calendar month.  The first "
"leap second has a nonnegative occurrence time, and is a positive leap second "
"if and only if its correction is positive; the correction for each leap "
"second after the first differs from the previous leap second by either 1 for "
"a positive leap second, or -1 for a negative leap second.  If the leap "
"second table is empty, the leap-second correction is zero for all "
"timestamps; otherwise, for timestamps before the first occurrence time, the "
"leap-second correction is zero if the first pair's correction is 1 or -1, "
"and is unspecified otherwise (which can happen only in files truncated at "
"the start)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte "
#| "value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time "
#| "types were specified as standard time or wall clock time, and are used "
#| "when a timezone file is used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment "
#| "variables."
msgid ""
"B<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte "
"boolean; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time "
"types were specified as standard time or local (wall clock) time."
msgstr ""
"Индикаторы стандартного/местного времени I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>, хранимые в виде "
"однобайтовых значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты "
"перевода часов с локальными типами времени: согласно стандартному или "
"местному времени. Эти индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о "
"часовых поясах работает с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых "
"поясов."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte value; "
#| "they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types "
#| "were specified as UT or local time, and are used when a timezone file is "
#| "used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment variables."
msgid ""
"B<tzh_ttisutcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte boolean; "
"they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were "
"specified as UT or local time.  If a UT/local indicator is set, the "
"corresponding standard/wall indicator must also be set."
msgstr ""
"UT/локальные индикаторы I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt>, хранимые в виде однобайтовых "
"значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты перевода часов с "
"локальными типами времени: согласно UT или локальному времени. Эти "
"индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о часовых поясах работает "
"с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых поясов."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The standard/wall and UT/local indicators were designed for transforming a "
"TZif file's transition times into transitions appropriate for another time "
"zone specified via a POSIX.1-2017-style TZ string that lacks rules.  For "
"example, when TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST\" and there is no TZif file \"EET\\*-2EEST"
"\", the idea was to adapt the transition times from a TZif file with the "
"well-known name \"posixrules\" that is present only for this purpose and is "
"a copy of the file \"Europe/Brussels\", a file with a different UT offset.  "
"POSIX does not specify this obsolete transformational behavior, the default "
"rules are installation-dependent, and no implementation is known to support "
"this feature for timestamps past 2037, so users desiring (say) Greek time "
"should instead specify TZ=\"Europe/Athens\" for better historical coverage, "
"falling back on TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST,M3.5.0/3,M10.5.0/4\" if POSIX conformance "
"is required and older timestamps need not be handled accurately."
msgstr ""

#. #-#-#-#-#  archlinux: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122906#47
#.  Reviewed by upstream and rejected, May 2012
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-40: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-rawhide: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-6: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-tumbleweed: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The B<localtime>(3)  function uses the first standard-time I<ttinfo> "
#| "structure in the file (or simply the first I<ttinfo> structure in the "
#| "absence of a standard-time structure)  if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero "
#| "or the time argument is less than the first transition time recorded in "
#| "the file."
msgid ""
"The B<localtime>(3)  function normally uses the first B<ttinfo> structure in "
"the file if either B<tzh_timecnt> is zero or the time argument is less than "
"the first transition time recorded in the file."
msgstr ""
"Функция I<localtime>(3) использует первую структуру стандартного времени "
"I<ttinfo> из этого файла (или просто первую структуру I<ttinfo> при "
"отсутствии структуры стандартного времени), если значение I<tzh_timecnt> "
"равно нулю или аргумент времени меньше первого момента перевода часов, "
"записанного в файле."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Version 2 format"
msgstr "Формат версии 2"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are "
#| "followed by a second header and data, identical in format except that "
#| "eight bytes are used for each transition time or leap second time.  (Leap "
#| "second counts remain four bytes.)  After the second header and data comes "
#| "a newline-enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in "
#| "handling instants after the last transition time stored in the file or "
#| "for all instants if the file has no transitions.  The POSIX-style TZ "
#| "string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines)  if there is no "
#| "POSIX representation for such instants.  If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ "
#| "string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time "
#| "if present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string"
msgid ""
"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed "
"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are "
"used for each transition time or leap second time.  (Leap second counts "
"remain four bytes.)  After the second header and data comes a newline-"
"enclosed string in the style of the contents of a POSIX.1-2017 TZ "
"environment variable, for use in handling instants after the last transition "
"time stored in the file or for all instants if the file has no transitions.  "
"The TZ string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines)  if there is no "
"POSIX.1-2017-style representation for such instants.  If nonempty, the TZ "
"string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time if "
"present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string"
msgstr ""
"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок "
"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за "
"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды "
"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре "
"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой "
"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки "
"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или "
"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX "
"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких "
"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате "
"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о "
"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов "
"данных;  например, если задана строка"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"then if a last transition time is in July, the transition's local time type "
"must specify a daylight-saving time abbreviated"
msgstr ""
"то, если последний перевод времени был в июле, тип перевода локального "
"времени должен задаваться сокращением для времени перевода на зимнее время"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"that is one hour east of UT.  Also, if there is at least one transition, "
"time type 0 is associated with the time period from the indefinite past up "
"to but not including the earliest transition time."
msgstr ""
"то соответствует одному часу UT. Также, если есть хотя бы один перевод, то "
"тип времени 0 связывается с периодом времени из бесконечного прошлого до, но "
"исключая, самый ранний перевод времени."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Version 3 format"
msgstr "Формат версии 3"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For version-3-format timezone files, the POSIX-TZ-style string may use "
#| "two minor extensions to the POSIX TZ format, as described in "
#| "B<newtzset>(3).  First, the hours part of its transition times may be "
#| "signed and range from -167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required "
#| "unsigned values from 0 through 24.  Second, DST is in effect all year if "
#| "it starts January 1 at 00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the "
#| "difference between daylight saving and standard time."
msgid ""
"For version-3-format timezone files, the TZ string may use two minor "
"extensions to the POSIX.1-2017 TZ format, as described in B<newtzset>(3).  "
"First, the hours part of its transition times may be signed and range from "
"-167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required unsigned values from 0 "
"through 24.  Second, DST is in effect all year if it starts January 1 at "
"00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the difference between daylight "
"saving and standard time."
msgstr ""
"В формате файлов часовых поясов версии 3 в строке в стиле POSIX-TZ можно "
"использовать два небольших расширения формата POSIX TZ, это описывается в "
"B<newtzset>(3). Во-первых, часовая часть времён перевода может быть знаковой "
"и имеет диапазон с -167 по 167, и не соответствовать беззнаковому значению "
"POSIX от 0 до 24. Во-вторых, DST действует на весь год, если он начинается с "
"1 января 00:00 и заканчивается 31 декабря в 24:00 плюс разница между зимним "
"и обычным временем."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Version 4 format"
msgstr "Формат версии 4"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"For version-4-format TZif files, the first leap second record can have a "
"correction that is neither +1 nor -1, to represent truncation of the TZif "
"file at the start.  Also, if two or more leap second transitions are present "
"and the last entry's correction equals the previous one, the last entry "
"denotes the expiration of the leap second table instead of a leap second; "
"timestamps after this expiration are unreliable in that future releases will "
"likely add leap second entries after the expiration, and the added leap "
"seconds will change how post-expiration timestamps are treated."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Interoperability considerations"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Future changes to the format may append more data."
msgstr "В будущих изменениях формата могут появиться дополнительные данные."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Version 1 files are considered a legacy format and should not be generated, "
"as they do not support transition times after the year 2038.  Readers that "
"understand only Version 1 must ignore any data that extends beyond the "
"calculated end of the version 1 data block."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Other than version 1, writers should generate the lowest version number "
"needed by a file's data.  For example, a writer should generate a version 4 "
"file only if its leap second table either expires or is truncated at the "
"start.  Likewise, a writer not generating a version 4 file should generate a "
"version 3 file only if TZ string extensions are necessary to accurately "
"model transition times."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The sequence of time changes defined by the version 1 header and data block "
"should be a contiguous sub-sequence of the time changes defined by the "
"version 2+ header and data block, and by the footer.  This guideline helps "
"obsolescent version 1 readers agree with current readers about timestamps "
"within the contiguous sub-sequence.  It also lets writers not supporting "
"obsolescent readers use a B<tzh_timecnt> of zero in the version 1 data block "
"to save space."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a TZif file contains a leap second table expiration time, TZif readers "
"should either refuse to process post-expiration timestamps, or process them "
"as if the expiration time did not exist (possibly with an error indication)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Time zone designations should consist of at least three (3)  and no more "
"than six (6) ASCII characters from the set of alphanumerics,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "and"
msgstr "и"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This is for compatibility with POSIX requirements for time zone "
"abbreviations."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When reading a version 2 or higher file, readers should ignore the version 1 "
"header and data block except for the purpose of skipping over them."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Readers should calculate the total lengths of the headers and data blocks "
"and check that they all fit within the actual file size, as part of a "
"validity check for the file."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a positive leap second occurs, readers should append an extra second to "
"the local minute containing the second just before the leap second.  If this "
"occurs when the UTC offset is not a multiple of 60 seconds, the leap second "
"occurs earlier than the last second of the local minute and the minute's "
"remaining local seconds are numbered through 60 instead of the usual 59; the "
"UTC offset is unaffected."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Common interoperability issues"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This section documents common problems in reading or writing TZif files.  "
"Most of these are problems in generating TZif files for use by older "
"readers.  The goals of this section are:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"to help TZif writers output files that avoid common pitfalls in older or "
"buggy TZif readers,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"to help TZif readers avoid common pitfalls when reading files generated by "
"future TZif writers, and"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"to help any future specification authors see what sort of problems arise "
"when the TZif format is changed."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When new versions of the TZif format have been defined, a design goal has "
"been that a reader can successfully use a TZif file even if the file is of a "
"later TZif version than what the reader was designed for.  When complete "
"compatibility was not achieved, an attempt was made to limit glitches to "
"rarely used timestamps and allow simple partial workarounds in writers "
"designed to generate new-version data useful even for older-version "
"readers.  This section attempts to document these compatibility issues and "
"workarounds, as well as to document other common bugs in readers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Interoperability problems with TZif include the following:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers examine only version 1 data.  As a partial workaround, a writer "
"can output as much version 1 data as possible.  However, a reader should "
"ignore version 1 data, and should use version 2+ data even if the reader's "
"native timestamps have only 32 bits."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a "
"version 3 or higher file's last transition, because they cannot parse "
"extensions to POSIX.1-2017 in the TZ-like string.  As a partial workaround, "
"a writer can output more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future "
"timestamps are mishandled by version 2 readers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 do not support permanent daylight saving "
"time with transitions after 24:00 \\(en e.g., a TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"denoting permanent Eastern Daylight Time (-04).  As a workaround, a writer "
"can substitute standard time for two time zones east, e.g.,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"for a time zone with a never-used standard time (XXX, -03)  and negative "
"daylight saving time (EDT, -04) all year.  Alternatively, as a partial "
"workaround a writer can substitute standard time for the next time zone east "
"\\(en e.g.,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "for permanent Atlantic Standard Time (-04)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 or 3, and that require strict "
"conformance to RFC 8536, reject version 4 files whose leap second tables are "
"truncated at the start or that end in expiration times."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers ignore the footer, and instead predict future timestamps from "
"the time type of the last transition.  As a partial workaround, a writer can "
"output more transitions than necessary."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers do not use time type 0 for timestamps before the first "
"transition, in that they infer a time type using a heuristic that does not "
"always select time type 0.  As a partial workaround, a writer can output a "
"dummy (no-op)  first transition at an early time."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle timestamps before the first transition that has a "
"timestamp not less than -2**31.  Readers that support only 32-bit timestamps "
"are likely to be more prone to this problem, for example, when they process "
"64-bit transitions only some of which are representable in 32 bits.  As a "
"partial workaround, a writer can output a dummy transition at timestamp "
"-2**31."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle a transition if its timestamp has the minimum "
"possible signed 64-bit value.  Timestamps less than -2**59 are not "
"recommended."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Some readers mishandle TZ strings that contain"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "As a partial workaround, a writer can avoid using"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "for time zone abbreviations containing only alphabetic characters."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Many readers mishandle time zone abbreviations that contain non-ASCII "
"characters.  These characters are not recommended."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers may mishandle time zone abbreviations that contain fewer than 3 "
"or more than 6 characters, or that contain ASCII characters other than "
"alphanumerics,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "These abbreviations are not recommended."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle TZif files that specify daylight-saving time UT "
"offsets that are less than the UT offsets for the corresponding standard "
"time.  These readers do not support locations like Ireland, which uses the "
"equivalent of the TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"observing standard time (IST, +01) in summer and daylight saving time (GMT, "
"+00) in winter.  As a partial workaround, a writer can output data for the "
"equivalent of the TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"thus swapping standard and daylight saving time.  Although this workaround "
"misidentifies which part of the year uses daylight saving time, it records "
"UT offsets and time zone abbreviations correctly."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers generate ambiguous timestamps for positive leap seconds that "
"occur when the UTC offset is not a multiple of 60 seconds.  For example, in "
"a timezone with UTC offset +01:23:45 and with a positive leap second "
"78796801 (1972-06-30 23:59:60 UTC), some readers will map both 78796800 and "
"78796801 to 01:23:45 local time the next day instead of mapping the latter "
"to 01:23:46, and they will map 78796815 to 01:23:59 instead of to 01:23:60.  "
"This has not yet been a practical problem, since no civil authority has "
"observed such UTC offsets since leap seconds were introduced in 1972."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some interoperability problems are reader bugs that are listed here mostly "
"as warnings to developers of readers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers do not support negative timestamps.  Developers of distributed "
"applications should keep this in mind if they need to deal with pre-1970 "
"data."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle timestamps before the first transition that has a "
"nonnegative timestamp.  Readers that do not support negative timestamps are "
"likely to be more prone to this problem."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Some readers mishandle time zone abbreviations like"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "that contain"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "digit"
msgid "or digits."
msgstr "digit"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle UT offsets that are out of the traditional range of "
"-12 through +12 hours, and so do not support locations like Kiritimati that "
"are outside this range."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle UT offsets in the range [-3599, -1] seconds from UT, "
"because they integer-divide the offset by 3600 to get 0 and then display the "
"hour part as"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle UT offsets that are not a multiple of one hour, or of "
"15 minutes, or of 1 minute."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<time>(2), B<localtime>(3), B<tzset>(3), B<tzselect>(8), B<zdump>(8), "
"B<zic>(8)."
msgstr ""
"B<time>(2), B<localtime>(3), B<tzset>(3), B<tzselect>(8), B<zdump>(8), "
"B<zic>(8)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Olson A, Eggert P, Murchison K. The Time Zone Information Format (TZif).  "
"2019 Feb.  E<.UR https://\\:datatracker.ietf.org/\\:doc/\\:html/\\:rfc8536> "
"Internet RFC 8536 E<.UE> E<.UR https://\\:doi.org/\\:10.17487/\\:RFC8536> "
"doi:10.17487/RFC8536 E<.UE .>"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "2022-09-09"
msgstr "9 сентября 2022 г."

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux"
msgstr "Linux"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual"
msgstr "Руководство программиста Linux"

#. type: IP
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "*"
msgstr "*"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"A byte identifying the version of the file's format (as of 2017, either an "
"ASCII NUL, or"
msgstr "Байт с версией формата файла (например 2017, ASCII NUL или"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_ttisutcnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_ttisutcnt>"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_leapcnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_leapcnt>"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_timecnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_timecnt>"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_typecnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_typecnt>"

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<tzh_charcnt>"
msgstr "I<tzh_charcnt>"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending "
#| "order.  These values are written in standard byte order.  Each is used as "
#| "a transition time (as returned by B<time>(2))  at which the rules for "
#| "computing local time change."
msgid ""
"I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending order.  "
"These values are written in network byte order.  Each is used as a "
"transition time (as returned by B<time>(2))  at which the rules for "
"computing local time change."
msgstr ""
"Четырёхбайтовые знаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>, сортируются в порядке "
"возрастания. Эти значения записываются в стандартном порядке байт. Каждое "
"значение используется как момент перевода часов (возвращаемый B<time>(2)), "
"по правилам которого вычисляется изменение локального времени."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"I<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells "
"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is "
"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition "
"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time.  (The "
"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the POSIX-style "
"TZ string described below.)  These values serve as indices into the next "
"field."
msgstr ""
"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего "
"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, "
"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же "
"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип "
"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в "
"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего "
"поля."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid "I<tzh_typecnt> I<ttinfo> entries, each defined as follows:"
msgstr "Элементы I<tzh_typecnt> I<ttinfo> определены следующим образом:"

#. type: ta
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u"
msgstr ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for "
#| "I<tt_gmtoff>, in a standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for "
#| "I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_abbrind>.  In each structure, "
#| "I<tt_gmtoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> "
#| "tells whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3)  and "
#| "I<tt_abbrind> serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation "
#| "bytes that follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file."
msgid ""
"Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for "
"I<tt_utoff>, in network byte order, followed by a one-byte boolean for "
"I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_desigidx>.  In each structure, "
"I<tt_utoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> tells "
"whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3)  and I<tt_desigidx> "
"serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation bytes that "
"follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file.  The I<tt_utoff> value is "
"never equal to -2**31, to let 32-bit clients negate it without overflow.  "
"Also, in realistic applications I<tt_utoff> is in the range [-89999, 93599] "
"(i.e., more than -25 hours and less than 26 hours); this allows easy support "
"by implementations that already support the POSIX-required range [-24:59:59, "
"25:59:59]."
msgstr ""
"Каждая структура состоит из четырехбайтного знакового числа I<tt_gmtoff>, "
"записанного в стандартном порядке байт; за ним следует однобайтное значение "
"I<tt_isdst> и однобайтное значение I<tt_abbrind>. В каждой структуре "
"I<tt_gmtoff> означает, сколько секунд надо добавить к UT; I<tt_isdst> "
"определяет, будет ли I<tm_isdst> устанавливаться B<localtime>(3), а "
"I<tt_abbrind> является индексом массива аббревиатур байт часовых поясов, за "
"которым в файле следуют структуры I<ttinfo>."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in standard byte order; "
#| "the first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by "
#| "B<time>(2))  at which a leap second occurs; the second gives the I<total> "
#| "number of leap seconds to be applied during the time period starting at "
#| "the given time.  The pairs of values are sorted in ascending order by "
#| "time.  Each transition is for one leap second, either positive or "
#| "negative; transitions always separated by at least 28 days minus 1 second."
msgid ""
"I<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in network byte order; the "
"first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by "
"B<time>(2))  at which a leap second occurs; the second is a signed integer "
"specifying the I<total> number of leap seconds to be applied during the time "
"period starting at the given time.  The pairs of values are sorted in "
"ascending order by time.  Each transition is for one leap second, either "
"positive or negative; transitions always separated by at least 28 days minus "
"1 second."
msgstr ""
"Пары четырехбайтных значений I<tzh_leapcnt>, записанные в стандартном "
"порядке байт; первое значение каждой пары задает неотрицательное время "
"(возвращаемое B<time>(2)) появления високосной секунды; вторая пара "
"определяет I<общее> количество високосных секунд, добавляемых во время "
"периода времени, начинающегося в указанное время. Пары значений "
"располагаются в порядке возрастания времени. Каждым переходом считается одна "
"високосная секунда, положительная  или отрицательная; переходы всегда "
"отстают друг от друга на не менее чем 28 дней минус 1 секунда."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte "
#| "value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time "
#| "types were specified as standard time or wall clock time, and are used "
#| "when a timezone file is used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment "
#| "variables."
msgid ""
"I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte "
"boolean; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time "
"types were specified as standard time or local (wall clock) time."
msgstr ""
"Индикаторы стандартного/местного времени I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>, хранимые в виде "
"однобайтовых значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты "
"перевода часов с локальными типами времени: согласно стандартному или "
"местному времени. Эти индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о "
"часовых поясах работает с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых "
"поясов."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte value; "
#| "they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types "
#| "were specified as UT or local time, and are used when a timezone file is "
#| "used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment variables."
msgid ""
"I<tzh_ttisutcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte boolean; "
"they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were "
"specified as UT or local time.  If a UT/local indicator is set, the "
"corresponding standard/wall indicator must also be set."
msgstr ""
"UT/локальные индикаторы I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt>, хранимые в виде однобайтовых "
"значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты перевода часов с "
"локальными типами времени: согласно UT или локальному времени. Эти "
"индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о часовых поясах работает "
"с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых поясов."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"The standard/wall and UT/local indicators were designed for transforming a "
"TZif file's transition times into transitions appropriate for another time "
"zone specified via a POSIX-style TZ string that lacks rules.  For example, "
"when TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST\" and there is no TZif file \"EET\\*-2EEST\", the "
"idea was to adapt the transition times from a TZif file with the well-known "
"name \"posixrules\" that is present only for this purpose and is a copy of "
"the file \"Europe/Brussels\", a file with a different UT offset.  POSIX does "
"not specify this obsolete transformational behavior, the default rules are "
"installation-dependent, and no implementation is known to support this "
"feature for timestamps past 2037, so users desiring (say) Greek time should "
"instead specify TZ=\"Europe/Athens\" for better historical coverage, falling "
"back on TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST,M3.5.0/3,M10.5.0/4\" if POSIX conformance is "
"required and older timestamps need not be handled accurately."
msgstr ""

#.  http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122906#47
#.  Reviewed by upstream and rejected, May 2012
#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The B<localtime>(3)  function uses the first standard-time I<ttinfo> "
#| "structure in the file (or simply the first I<ttinfo> structure in the "
#| "absence of a standard-time structure)  if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero "
#| "or the time argument is less than the first transition time recorded in "
#| "the file."
msgid ""
"The B<localtime>(3)  function normally uses the first I<ttinfo> structure in "
"the file if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero or the time argument is less than "
"the first transition time recorded in the file."
msgstr ""
"Функция I<localtime>(3) использует первую структуру стандартного времени "
"I<ttinfo> из этого файла (или просто первую структуру I<ttinfo> при "
"отсутствии структуры стандартного времени), если значение I<tzh_timecnt> "
"равно нулю или аргумент времени меньше первого момента перевода часов, "
"записанного в файле."

#. type: SH
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"This manual page documents I<E<lt>tzfile.hE<gt>> in the glibc source "
"archive, see I<timezone/tzfile.h>."
msgstr ""

#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-bookworm: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  End of patch 
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  End of patch
#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable
msgid ""
"It seems that timezone uses B<tzfile> internally, but glibc refuses to "
"expose it to userspace.  This is most likely because the standardised "
"functions are more useful and portable, and actually documented by glibc.  "
"It may only be in glibc just to support the non-glibc-maintained timezone "
"data (which is maintained by some other entity)."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed "
"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are "
"used for each transition time or leap second time.  (Leap second counts "
"remain four bytes.)  After the second header and data comes a newline-"
"enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in handling "
"instants after the last transition time stored in the file or for all "
"instants if the file has no transitions.  The POSIX-style TZ string is empty "
"(i.e., nothing between the newlines)  if there is no POSIX representation "
"for such instants.  If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ string must agree with "
"the local time type after the last transition time if present in the eight-"
"byte data; for example, given the string"
msgstr ""
"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок "
"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за "
"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды "
"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре "
"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой "
"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки "
"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или "
"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX "
"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких "
"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате "
"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о "
"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов "
"данных;  например, если задана строка"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"For version-3-format timezone files, the POSIX-TZ-style string may use two "
"minor extensions to the POSIX TZ format, as described in B<newtzset>(3).  "
"First, the hours part of its transition times may be signed and range from "
"-167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required unsigned values from 0 "
"through 24.  Second, DST is in effect all year if it starts January 1 at "
"00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the difference between daylight "
"saving and standard time."
msgstr ""
"В формате файлов часовых поясов версии 3 в строке в стиле POSIX-TZ можно "
"использовать два небольших расширения формата POSIX TZ, это описывается в "
"B<newtzset>(3). Во-первых, часовая часть времён перевода может быть знаковой "
"и имеет диапазон с -167 по 167, и не соответствовать беззнаковому значению "
"POSIX от 0 до 24. Во-вторых, DST действует на весь год, если он начинается с "
"1 января 00:00 и заканчивается 31 декабря в 24:00 плюс разница между зимним "
"и обычным временем."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"Version 1 files are considered a legacy format and should be avoided, as "
"they do not support transition times after the year 2038.  Readers that only "
"understand Version 1 must ignore any data that extends beyond the calculated "
"end of the version 1 data block."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"Writers should generate a version 3 file if TZ string extensions are "
"necessary to accurately model transition times.  Otherwise, version 2 files "
"should be generated."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"The sequence of time changes defined by the version 1 header and data block "
"should be a contiguous subsequence of the time changes defined by the "
"version 2+ header and data block, and by the footer.  This guideline helps "
"obsolescent version 1 readers agree with current readers about timestamps "
"within the contiguous subsequence.  It also lets writers not supporting "
"obsolescent readers use a I<tzh_timecnt> of zero in the version 1 data block "
"to save space."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"When reading a version 2 or 3 file, readers should ignore the version 1 "
"header and data block except for the purpose of skipping over them."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"When new versions of the TZif format have been defined, a design goal has "
"been that a reader can successfully use a TZif file even if the file is of a "
"later TZif version than what the reader was designed for.  When complete "
"compatibility was not achieved, an attempt was made to limit glitches to "
"rarely used timestamps, and to allow simple partial workarounds in writers "
"designed to generate new-version data useful even for older-version "
"readers.  This section attempts to document these compatibility issues and "
"workarounds, as well as to document other common bugs in readers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a "
"version 3 file's last transition, because they cannot parse extensions to "
"POSIX in the TZ-like string.  As a partial workaround, a writer can output "
"more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future timestamps are "
"mishandled by version 2 readers."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 do not support permanent daylight saving "
"time, e.g., a TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"denoting permanent Eastern Daylight Time (-04).  As a partial workaround, a "
"writer can substitute standard time for the next time zone east, e.g.,"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid "Some readers mishandle POSIX-style TZ strings that contain"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Some readers mishandle TZif files that specify daylight-saving time UT "
"offsets that are less than the UT offsets for the corresponding standard "
"time.  These readers do not support locations like Ireland, which uses the "
"equivalent of the POSIX TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"observing standard time (IST, +01) in summer and daylight saving time (GMT, "
"+00) in winter.  As a partial workaround, a writer can output data for the "
"equivalent of the POSIX TZ string"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid ""
"Olson A, Eggert P, Murchison K. The Time Zone Information Format (TZif).  "
"2019 Feb.  E<.UR https://\\:www.rfc-editor.org/\\:info/\\:rfc8536> Internet "
"RFC 8536 E<.UE> E<.UR https://\\:doi.org/\\:10.17487/\\:RFC8536> "
"doi:10.17487/RFC8536 E<.UE .>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells "
"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is "
"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition "
"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time.  (The "
"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the POSIX-style "
"TZ string described below.)  These values serve as indices into the next "
"field."
msgstr ""
"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые B<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего "
"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, "
"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же "
"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип "
"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в "
"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего "
"поля."

#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are "
#| "followed by a second header and data, identical in format except that "
#| "eight bytes are used for each transition time or leap second time.  (Leap "
#| "second counts remain four bytes.)  After the second header and data comes "
#| "a newline-enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in "
#| "handling instants after the last transition time stored in the file or "
#| "for all instants if the file has no transitions.  The POSIX-style TZ "
#| "string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines)  if there is no "
#| "POSIX representation for such instants.  If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ "
#| "string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time "
#| "if present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string"
msgid ""
"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed "
"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are "
"used for each transition time or leap second time.  (Leap second counts "
"remain four bytes.)  After the second header and data comes a newline-"
"enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in handling "
"instants after the last transition time stored in the file or for all "
"instants if the file has no transitions.  The POSIX-style TZ string is empty "
"(i.e., nothing between the newlines)  if there is no POSIX-style "
"representation for such instants.  If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ string "
"must agree with the local time type after the last transition time if "
"present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string"
msgstr ""
"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок "
"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за "
"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды "
"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре "
"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой "
"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки "
"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или "
"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX "
"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких "
"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате "
"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о "
"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов "
"данных;  например, если задана строка"

#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a "
"version 3 or higher file's last transition, because they cannot parse "
"extensions to POSIX in the TZ-like string.  As a partial workaround, a "
"writer can output more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future "
"timestamps are mishandled by version 2 readers."
msgstr ""