path: root/po/ru/man7/futex.7.po

# Russian translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Azamat Hackimov <azamat.hackimov@gmail.com>, 2017.
# Dmitry Bolkhovskikh <d20052005@yandex.ru>, 2017.
# Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>, 2011-2019.
# Иван Павлов <pavia00@gmail.com>, 2017.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 05:51+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-27 19:31+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <man-pages-ru-talks@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: ru\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || (n"
"%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "futex"
msgstr "futex"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 мая 2024 г."

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "ИМЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "futex - fast user-space locking"
msgstr "futex - быстрая блокировка в пользовательском пространстве"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr "СИНТАКСИС"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
msgstr "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "ОПИСАНИЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Linux kernel provides futexes (\"Fast user-space mutexes\")  as a "
"building block for fast user-space locking and semaphores.  Futexes are very "
"basic and lend themselves well for building higher-level locking "
"abstractions such as mutexes, condition variables, read-write locks, "
"barriers, and semaphores."
msgstr ""
"Ядро Linux предоставляет фьютексы (futexes, «быстрые мьютексы (mutexes, "
"взаимоисключающие блокировки) в пользовательском пространстве») в качестве "
"строительного блока для быстрой блокировки в пользовательском пространстве и "
"семафоров. Фьютексы очень просты и полезны для создания высокоуровневых "
"абстракций блокировок, таких как мьютексы, условных переменных, блокировок "
"чтения-записи, барьеров и семафоров."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Most programmers will in fact not be using futexes directly but will instead "
"rely on system libraries built on them, such as the Native POSIX Thread "
"Library (NPTL) (see B<pthreads>(7))."
msgstr ""
"Большинство программистов, фактически, не используют фьютексы напрямую, а "
"полагаются на системные библиотеки, которые на них построены, такие как "
"Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL) (смотрите B<pthreads>(7))."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A futex is identified by a piece of memory which can be shared between "
"processes or threads.  In these different processes, the futex need not have "
"identical addresses.  In its bare form, a futex has semaphore semantics; it "
"is a counter that can be incremented and decremented atomically; processes "
"can wait for the value to become positive."
msgstr ""
"Фьютекс отождествляется с участком памяти, который может быть общим для "
"процессов или нитей. В этих процессах фьютекс может быть доступен по разным "
"адресам. В своей основе фьютекс имеет семантику семафора; это счётчик, "
"который можно увеличивать и уменьшать атомарно; процессы могут ждать пока "
"значение не станет положительным."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Futex operation occurs entirely in user space for the noncontended case.  "
"The kernel is involved only to arbitrate the contended case.  As any sane "
"design will strive for noncontention, futexes are also optimized for this "
"situation."
msgstr ""
"Работа с фьютексом выполняется полностью в пользовательском пространстве при "
"отсутствии конфликта (noncontended case). Ядро привлекается только для "
"разрешения конфликтов. Так как все проектные решения стремятся к отсутствию "
"конфликтов, фьютексы также оптимизированы под эту ситуацию."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In its bare form, a futex is an aligned integer which is touched only by "
"atomic assembler instructions.  This integer is four bytes long on all "
"platforms.  Processes can share this integer using B<mmap>(2), via shared "
"memory segments, or because they share memory space, in which case the "
"application is commonly called multithreaded."
msgstr ""
"В своей основе фьютекс — это целое число, которое изменяется только "
"атомарными инструкциями ассемблера. Это целое число размером 4 байта на всех "
"платформах. Процессы могут совместно использовать это число посредством "
"B<mmap>(2), сегментов общей памяти или общего пространства памяти (share "
"memory space, в этом случае приложение, обычно, называют многонитевым)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Semantics"
msgstr "Поведение"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Any futex operation starts in user space, but it may be necessary to "
"communicate with the kernel using the B<futex>(2)  system call."
msgstr ""
"Любое действие с фьютексом начинается в пользовательском пространстве, но "
"может потребовать обращения к ядру через системный вызов B<futex>(2)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To \"up\" a futex, execute the proper assembler instructions that will cause "
"the host CPU to atomically increment the integer.  Afterward, check if it "
"has in fact changed from 0 to 1, in which case there were no waiters and the "
"operation is done.  This is the noncontended case which is fast and should "
"be common."
msgstr ""
"Для «установки» фьютекса выполняются соответствующие ассемблерные "
"инструкции, которые заставляют ЦП машины атомарно увеличить целое число. "
"Далее проверяется, было ли действительно изменено значение с 0 на 1, то есть "
"не было ожидающих и операция выполнена. Это бесконфликтный вариант, "
"выполняется быстро и должен возникать чаще всего."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the contended case, the atomic increment changed the counter from -1 (or "
"some other negative number).  If this is detected, there are waiters.  User "
"space should now set the counter to 1 and instruct the kernel to wake up any "
"waiters using the B<FUTEX_WAKE> operation."
msgstr ""
"При возникновении конфликта, атомарное увеличение изменяет счётчик с -1 (или "
"другого отрицательного числа). Это означает, что есть ожидающие. В "
"пользовательском пространстве теперь нужно присвоить счётчику 1 и дать "
"команду ядру пробудить всех ожидающих с помощью операции B<FUTEX_WAKE>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Waiting on a futex, to \"down\" it, is the reverse operation.  Atomically "
"decrement the counter and check if it changed to 0, in which case the "
"operation is done and the futex was uncontended.  In all other "
"circumstances, the process should set the counter to -1 and request that the "
"kernel wait for another process to up the futex.  This is done using the "
"B<FUTEX_WAIT> operation."
msgstr ""
"Ожидание фьютекса, его «сброс», является обратной операцией. Происходит "
"атомарное уменьшение счётчика и проверка того, стал ли он равен 0, то есть "
"операция выполнена и фьютекс был неконфликтным. Во всех других случаях, "
"процесс должен присвоить счётчику -1 и запросить ядро об ожидании другого "
"процесса, устанавливающего фьютекс. Это выполняется с помощью операции "
"B<FUTEX_WAIT>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<futex>(2)  system call can optionally be passed a timeout specifying "
"how long the kernel should wait for the futex to be upped.  In this case, "
"semantics are more complex and the programmer is referred to B<futex>(2)  "
"for more details.  The same holds for asynchronous futex waiting."
msgstr ""
"В системном вызове B<futex>(2) можно указать время ожидания, то есть как "
"долго ядро должно ждать установку фьютекса, В этом случае семантика более "
"сложна и программисту нужно обратиться к B<futex>(2). Это тоже самое что и "
"ожидания асинхронного фьютекса."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "VERSIONS"
msgstr "ВЕРСИИ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Initial futex support was merged in Linux 2.5.7 but with different semantics "
"from those described above.  Current semantics are available from Linux "
"2.5.40 onward."
msgstr ""
"Впервые поддержка фьютексов появилась в Linux 2.5.7, но с другой семантикой. "
"Текущая семантика используется в Linux с версии 2.5.40."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To reiterate, bare futexes are not intended as an easy-to-use abstraction "
"for end users.  Implementors are expected to be assembly literate and to "
"have read the sources of the futex user-space library referenced below."
msgstr ""
"Ещё раз повторим: в чистом виде фьютексы не являются лёгкой в использовании "
"абстракцией для конечных пользователей. Использующие их программисты должны "
"иметь хороший запас знаний об ассемблере и уметь читать исходный код "
"библиотеки фьютексов для пользовательского пространства, указанной далее."

#. #-#-#-#-#  archlinux: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-bookworm: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .PP
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-40: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-rawhide: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-6: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .PP
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-tumbleweed: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  .P
#.  Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#.  (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#.  Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#.  Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#.  This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This man page illustrates the most common use of the B<futex>(2)  "
"primitives; it is by no means the only one."
msgstr ""
"В этой справочной странице показано самое распространённое использование "
"примитивов B<futex>(2), которое ни в коем случае не единственное."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<clone>(2), B<futex>(2), B<get_robust_list>(2), B<set_robust_list>(2), "
"B<set_tid_address>(2), B<pthreads>(7)"
msgstr ""
"B<clone>(2), B<futex>(2), B<get_robust_list>(2), B<set_robust_list>(2), "
"B<set_tid_address>(2), B<pthreads>(7)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> "
#| "(proceedings of the Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), futex example library, "
#| "futex-*.tar.bz2 E<.UR ftp://ftp.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/"
#| "people\\:/rusty/> E<.UE .>"
msgid ""
"I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> (proceedings "
"of the Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), futex example library, futex-*.tar.bz2 "
"E<.UR https://mirrors.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/people\\:/"
"rusty/> E<.UE .>"
msgstr ""
"I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> (доклад с "
"Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), пример в библиотеке futex, futex-*.tar.bz2 E<."
"UR ftp://ftp.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/people\\:/rusty/> E<."
"UE .>"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2022-10-30"
msgstr "30 октября 2022 г."

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 октября 2023 г."

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"