1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
|
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:08+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "passwd"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "passwd - password file"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I</etc/passwd> file is a text file that describes user login accounts "
"for the system. It should have read permission allowed for all users (many "
"utilities, like B<ls>(1) use it to map user IDs to usernames), but write "
"access only for the superuser."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the good old days there was no great problem with this general read "
"permission. Everybody could read the encrypted passwords, but the hardware "
"was too slow to crack a well-chosen password, and moreover the basic "
"assumption used to be that of a friendly user-community. These days many "
"people run some version of the shadow password suite, where I</etc/passwd> "
"has an \\[aq]x\\[aq] character in the password field, and the encrypted "
"passwords are in I</etc/shadow>, which is readable by the superuser only."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the encrypted password, whether in I</etc/passwd> or in I</etc/shadow>, "
"is an empty string, login is allowed without even asking for a password. "
"Note that this functionality may be intentionally disabled in applications, "
"or configurable (for example using the \\[dq]B<nullok>\\[dq] or "
"\\[dq]B<nonull>\\[dq] arguments to B<pam_unix>(8))."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the encrypted password in I</etc/passwd> is \"I<*NP*>\" (without the "
"quotes), the shadow record should be obtained from an NIS+ server."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Regardless of whether shadow passwords are used, many system administrators "
"use an asterisk (*) in the encrypted password field to make sure that this "
"user can not authenticate themself using a password. (But see NOTES below.)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If you create a new login, first put an asterisk (*) in the password field, "
"then use B<passwd>(1) to set it."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Each line of the file describes a single user, and contains seven colon-"
"separated fields:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "name:password:UID:GID:GECOS:directory:shell\n"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The field are as follows:"
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<name>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "This is the user's login name. It should not contain capital letters."
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<password>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This is either the encrypted user password, an asterisk (*), or the letter "
"\\[aq]x\\[aq]. (See B<pwconv>(8) for an explanation of \\[aq]x\\[aq].)"
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<UID>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The privileged I<root> login account (superuser) has the user ID 0."
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<GID>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This is the numeric primary group ID for this user. (Additional groups for "
"the user are defined in the system group file; see B<group>(5))."
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<GECOS>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This field (sometimes called the \"comment field\") is optional and used "
"only for informational purposes. Usually, it contains the full username. "
"Some programs (for example, B<finger>(1)) display information from this "
"field."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"GECOS stands for \"General Electric Comprehensive Operating System\", which "
"was renamed to GCOS when GE's large systems division was sold to Honeywell. "
"Dennis Ritchie has reported: \"Sometimes we sent printer output or batch "
"jobs to the GCOS machine. The gcos field in the password file was a place "
"to stash the information for the $IDENTcard. Not elegant.\""
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<directory>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This is the user's home directory: the initial directory where the user is "
"placed after logging in. The value in this field is used to set the B<HOME> "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
#. type: TP
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "I<shell>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This is the program to run at login (if empty, use I</bin/sh>). If set to a "
"nonexistent executable, the user will be unable to login through "
"B<login>(1). The value in this field is used to set the B<SHELL> "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "FILES"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I</etc/passwd>"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If you want to create user groups, there must be an entry in I</etc/group>, "
"or no group will exist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the encrypted password is set to an asterisk (*), the user will be unable "
"to login using B<login>(1), but may still login using B<rlogin>(1), run "
"existing processes and initiate new ones through B<rsh>(1), B<cron>(8), "
"B<at>(1), or mail filters, etc. Trying to lock an account by simply "
"changing the shell field yields the same result and additionally allows the "
"use of B<su>(1)."
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<chfn>(1), B<chsh>(1), B<login>(1), B<passwd>(1), B<su>(1), B<crypt>(3), "
"B<getpwent>(3), B<getpwnam>(3), B<group>(5), B<shadow>(5), B<vipw>(8)"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-02-05"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr ""
|
