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.\" -*- mode: troff; coding: utf-8 -*-
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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "EVP_SIGNATURE-ED25519 7SSL"
.TH EVP_SIGNATURE-ED25519 7SSL 2024-04-04 3.2.2-dev OpenSSL
.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH NAME
EVP_SIGNATURE\-ED25519,
EVP_SIGNATURE\-ED448,
Ed25519,
Ed448
\&\- EVP_PKEY Ed25519 and Ed448 support
.SH DESCRIPTION
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
The \fBEd25519\fR and \fBEd448\fR EVP_PKEY implementation supports key
generation, one-shot digest-sign and digest-verify using the EdDSA
signature scheme described in RFC 8032. It has associated private and
public key formats compatible with RFC 8410.
.SS "EdDSA Instances"
.IX Subsection "EdDSA Instances"
RFC 8032 describes five EdDSA instances: Ed25519, Ed25519ctx,
Ed25519ph, Ed448, Ed448ph.
.PP
The instances Ed25519, Ed25519ctx, Ed448 are referred to as \fBPureEdDSA\fR
schemes. For these three instances, the sign and verify procedures
require access to the complete message (not a digest of the message).
.PP
The instances Ed25519ph, Ed448ph are referred to as \fBHashEdDSA\fR
schemes. For these two instances, the sign and verify procedures do
not require access to the complete message; they operate on a hash of
the message. For Ed25519ph, the hash function is SHA512. For
Ed448ph, the hash function is SHAKE256 with an output length of 512
bits.
.PP
The instances Ed25519ctx, Ed25519ph, Ed448, Ed448ph accept an optional
\&\fBcontext-string\fR as input to sign and verify operations (and for
Ed25519ctx, the context-string must be nonempty). For the Ed25519
instance, a nonempty context-string is not permitted.
.SS "ED25519 and ED448 Signature Parameters"
.IX Subsection "ED25519 and ED448 Signature Parameters"
Two parameters can be set during signing or verification: the EdDSA
\&\fBinstance name\fR and the \fBcontext-string value\fR. They can be set by
passing an OSSL_PARAM array to \fBEVP_DigestSignInit_ex()\fR.
.IP \(bu 4
"instance" (\fBOSSL_SIGNATURE_PARAM_INSTANCE\fR) <utf8 string>
.Sp
One of the five strings "Ed25519", "Ed25519ctx", "Ed25519ph", "Ed448", "Ed448ph".
.Sp
"Ed25519", "Ed25519ctx", "Ed25519ph" are valid only for an Ed25519 EVP_PKEY.
.Sp
"Ed448", "Ed448ph" are valid only for an Ed448 EVP_PKEY.
.IP \(bu 4
"context-string" (\fBOSSL_SIGNATURE_PARAM_CONTEXT_STRING\fR) <octet string>
.Sp
A string of octets with length at most 255.
.PP
Both of these parameters are optional.
.PP
If the instance name is not specified, then the default "Ed25519" or
"Ed448" is used.
.PP
If a context-string is not specified, then an empty context-string is
used.
.PP
Note that a message digest name must \fBNOT\fR be specified when signing
or verifying.
.PP
See \fBEVP_PKEY\-X25519\fR\|(7) for information related to \fBX25519\fR and \fBX448\fR keys.
.PP
The following signature parameters can be retrieved using
\&\fBEVP_PKEY_CTX_get_params()\fR.
.IP \(bu 4
"algorithm-id" (\fBOSSL_SIGNATURE_PARAM_ALGORITHM_ID\fR) <octet string>
.IP \(bu 4
"instance" (\fBOSSL_SIGNATURE_PARAM_INSTANCE\fR) <utf8 string>
.IP \(bu 4
"context-string" (\fBOSSL_SIGNATURE_PARAM_CONTEXT_STRING\fR) <octet string>
.PP
The parameters are described in \fBprovider\-signature\fR\|(7).
.SH NOTES
.IX Header "NOTES"
The PureEdDSA instances do not support the streaming mechanism of
other signature algorithms using, for example, \fBEVP_DigestUpdate()\fR.
The message to sign or verify must be passed using the one-shot
\&\fBEVP_DigestSign()\fR and \fBEVP_DigestVerify()\fR functions.
.PP
The HashEdDSA instances do not yet support the streaming mechanisms
(so the one-shot functions must be used with HashEdDSA as well).
.PP
When calling \fBEVP_DigestSignInit()\fR or \fBEVP_DigestVerifyInit()\fR, the
digest \fItype\fR parameter \fBMUST\fR be set to NULL.
.PP
Applications wishing to sign certificates (or other structures such as
CRLs or certificate requests) using Ed25519 or Ed448 can either use \fBX509_sign()\fR
or \fBX509_sign_ctx()\fR in the usual way.
.PP
Ed25519 or Ed448 private keys can be set directly using
\&\fBEVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key\fR\|(3) or loaded from a PKCS#8 private key file
using \fBPEM_read_bio_PrivateKey\fR\|(3) (or similar function). Completely new keys
can also be generated (see the example below). Setting a private key also sets
the associated public key.
.PP
Ed25519 or Ed448 public keys can be set directly using
\&\fBEVP_PKEY_new_raw_public_key\fR\|(3) or loaded from a SubjectPublicKeyInfo
structure in a PEM file using \fBPEM_read_bio_PUBKEY\fR\|(3) (or similar function).
.PP
Ed25519 and Ed448 can be tested with the \fBopenssl\-speed\fR\|(1) application
since version 1.1.1.
Valid algorithm names are \fBed25519\fR, \fBed448\fR and \fBeddsa\fR. If \fBeddsa\fR is
specified, then both Ed25519 and Ed448 are benchmarked.
.SH EXAMPLES
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
To sign a message using an ED25519 EVP_PKEY structure:
.PP
.Vb 5
\& void do_sign(EVP_PKEY *ed_key, unsigned char *msg, size_t msg_len)
\& {
\& size_t sig_len;
\& unsigned char *sig = NULL;
\& EVP_MD_CTX *md_ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
\&
\& const OSSL_PARAM params[] = {
\& OSSL_PARAM_utf8_string ("instance", "Ed25519ctx", 10),
\& OSSL_PARAM_octet_string("context\-string", (unsigned char *)"A protocol defined context string", 33),
\& OSSL_PARAM_END
\& };
\&
\& /* The input "params" is not needed if default options are acceptable.
\& Use NULL in place of "params" in that case. */
\& EVP_DigestSignInit_ex(md_ctx, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ed_key, params);
\& /* Calculate the required size for the signature by passing a NULL buffer. */
\& EVP_DigestSign(md_ctx, NULL, &sig_len, msg, msg_len);
\& sig = OPENSSL_zalloc(sig_len);
\&
\& EVP_DigestSign(md_ctx, sig, &sig_len, msg, msg_len);
\& ...
\& OPENSSL_free(sig);
\& EVP_MD_CTX_free(md_ctx);
\& }
.Ve
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fBEVP_PKEY\-X25519\fR\|(7)
\&\fBprovider\-signature\fR\|(7),
\&\fBEVP_DigestSignInit\fR\|(3),
\&\fBEVP_DigestVerifyInit\fR\|(3),
.SH COPYRIGHT
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright 2017\-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
.PP
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
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