Merging upstream version 6.8.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 0 insertions, 342 deletions

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-.\" Copyright (C) 2012 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" A few fragments remain from a version
-.\" Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.TH init_module 2 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-init_module, finit_module \- load a kernel module
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.BR "#include <linux/module.h>" "    /* Definition of " MODULE_* " constants */"
-.BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" "     /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
-.B #include <unistd.h>
-.P
-.BI "int syscall(SYS_init_module, void " module_image [. len "], \
-unsigned long " len ,
-.BI "            const char *" param_values );
-.BI "int syscall(SYS_finit_module, int " fd ,
-.BI "            const char *" param_values ", int " flags );
-.fi
-.P
-.IR Note :
-glibc provides no wrappers for these system calls,
-necessitating the use of
-.BR syscall (2).
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR init_module ()
-loads an ELF image into kernel space,
-performs any necessary symbol relocations,
-initializes module parameters to values provided by the caller,
-and then runs the module's
-.I init
-function.
-This system call requires privilege.
-.P
-The
-.I module_image
-argument points to a buffer containing the binary image
-to be loaded;
-.I len
-specifies the size of that buffer.
-The module image should be a valid ELF image, built for the running kernel.
-.P
-The
-.I param_values
-argument is a string containing space-delimited specifications of the
-values for module parameters (defined inside the module using
-.BR module_param ()
-and
-.BR module_param_array ()).
-The kernel parses this string and initializes the specified
-parameters.
-Each of the parameter specifications has the form:
-.P
-.RI "        " name [\c
-.BI = value\c
-.RB [ ,\c
-.IR value ...]]
-.P
-The parameter
-.I name
-is one of those defined within the module using
-.IR module_param ()
-(see the Linux kernel source file
-.IR include/linux/moduleparam.h ).
-The parameter
-.I value
-is optional in the case of
-.I bool
-and
-.I invbool
-parameters.
-Values for array parameters are specified as a comma-separated list.
-.SS finit_module()
-The
-.BR finit_module ()
-.\" commit 34e1169d996ab148490c01b65b4ee371cf8ffba2
-.\" https://lwn.net/Articles/519010/
-system call is like
-.BR init_module (),
-but reads the module to be loaded from the file descriptor
-.IR fd .
-It is useful when the authenticity of a kernel module
-can be determined from its location in the filesystem;
-in cases where that is possible,
-the overhead of using cryptographically signed modules to
-determine the authenticity of a module can be avoided.
-The
-.I param_values
-argument is as for
-.BR init_module ().
-.P
-The
-.I flags
-argument modifies the operation of
-.BR finit_module ().
-It is a bit mask value created by ORing
-together zero or more of the following flags:
-.\" commit 2f3238aebedb243804f58d62d57244edec4149b2
-.TP
-.B MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_MODVERSIONS
-Ignore symbol version hashes.
-.TP
-.B MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_VERMAGIC
-Ignore kernel version magic.
-.P
-There are some safety checks built into a module to ensure that
-it matches the kernel against which it is loaded.
-.\" http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Module-HOWTO/basekerncompat.html
-.\" is dated, but informative
-These checks are recorded when the module is built and
-verified when the module is loaded.
-First, the module records a "vermagic" string containing
-the kernel version number and prominent features (such as the CPU type).
-Second, if the module was built with the
-.B CONFIG_MODVERSIONS
-configuration option enabled,
-a version hash is recorded for each symbol the module uses.
-This hash is based on the types of the arguments and return value
-for the function named by the symbol.
-In this case, the kernel version number within the
-"vermagic" string is ignored,
-as the symbol version hashes are assumed to be sufficiently reliable.
-.P
-Using the
-.B MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_VERMAGIC
-flag indicates that the "vermagic" string is to be ignored, and the
-.B MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_MODVERSIONS
-flag indicates that the symbol version hashes are to be ignored.
-If the kernel is built to permit forced loading (i.e., configured with
-.BR CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_LOAD ),
-then loading continues, otherwise it fails with the error
-.B ENOEXEC
-as expected for malformed modules.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, these system calls return 0.
-On error, \-1 is returned and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.BR EBADMSG " (since Linux 3.7)"
-Module signature is misformatted.
-.TP
-.B EBUSY
-Timeout while trying to resolve a symbol reference by this module.
-.TP
-.B EFAULT
-An address argument referred to a location that
-is outside the process's accessible address space.
-.TP
-.BR ENOKEY " (since Linux 3.7)"
-.\" commit 48ba2462ace6072741fd8d0058207d630ce93bf1
-.\" commit 1d0059f3a468825b5fc5405c636a2f6e02707ffa
-.\" commit 106a4ee258d14818467829bf0e12aeae14c16cd7
-Module signature is invalid or
-the kernel does not have a key for this module.
-This error is returned only if the kernel was configured with
-.BR CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE ;
-if the kernel was not configured with this option,
-then an invalid or unsigned module simply taints the kernel.
-.TP
-.B ENOMEM
-Out of memory.
-.TP
-.B EPERM
-The caller was not privileged
-(did not have the
-.B CAP_SYS_MODULE
-capability),
-or module loading is disabled
-(see
-.I /proc/sys/kernel/modules_disabled
-in
-.BR proc (5)).
-.P
-The following errors may additionally occur for
-.BR init_module ():
-.TP
-.B EEXIST
-A module with this name is already loaded.
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-.I param_values
-is invalid, or some part of the ELF image in
-.I module_image
-contains inconsistencies.
-.\" .TP
-.\" .BR EINVAL " (Linux 2.4 and earlier)"
-.\" Some
-.\" .I image
-.\" slot is filled in incorrectly,
-.\" .I image\->name
-.\" does not correspond to the original module name, some
-.\" .I image\->deps
-.\" entry does not correspond to a loaded module,
-.\" or some other similar inconsistency.
-.TP
-.B ENOEXEC
-The binary image supplied in
-.I module_image
-is not an ELF image,
-or is an ELF image that is invalid or for a different architecture.
-.P
-The following errors may additionally occur for
-.BR finit_module ():
-.TP
-.B EBADF
-The file referred to by
-.I fd
-is not opened for reading.
-.TP
-.B EFBIG
-The file referred to by
-.I fd
-is too large.
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-.I flags
-is invalid.
-.TP
-.B ENOEXEC
-.I fd
-does not refer to an open file.
-.TP
-.BR ETXTBSY " (since Linux 4.7)"
-.\" commit 39d637af5aa7577f655c58b9e55587566c63a0af
-The file referred to by
-.I fd
-is opened for read-write.
-.P
-In addition to the above errors, if the module's
-.I init
-function is executed and returns an error, then
-.BR init_module ()
-or
-.BR finit_module ()
-fails and
-.I errno
-is set to the value returned by the
-.I init
-function.
-.SH STANDARDS
-Linux.
-.SH HISTORY
-.TP
-.BR finit_module ()
-Linux 3.8.
-.P
-The
-.BR init_module ()
-system call is not supported by glibc.
-No declaration is provided in glibc headers, but, through a quirk of history,
-glibc versions before glibc 2.23 did export an ABI for this system call.
-Therefore, in order to employ this system call,
-it is (before glibc 2.23) sufficient to
-manually declare the interface in your code;
-alternatively, you can invoke the system call using
-.BR syscall (2).
-.SS Linux 2.4 and earlier
-In Linux 2.4 and earlier, the
-.BR init_module ()
-system call was rather different:
-.P
-.B "    #include <linux/module.h>"
-.P
-.BI "    int init_module(const char *" name ", struct module *" image );
-.P
-(User-space applications can detect which version of
-.BR init_module ()
-is available by calling
-.BR query_module ();
-the latter call fails with the error
-.B ENOSYS
-on Linux 2.6 and later.)
-.P
-The older version of the system call
-loads the relocated module image pointed to by
-.I image
-into kernel space and runs the module's
-.I init
-function.
-The caller is responsible for providing the relocated image (since
-Linux 2.6, the
-.BR init_module ()
-system call does the relocation).
-.P
-The module image begins with a module structure and is followed by
-code and data as appropriate.
-Since Linux 2.2, the module structure is defined as follows:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-struct module {
-    unsigned long         size_of_struct;
-    struct module        *next;
-    const char           *name;
-    unsigned long         size;
-    long                  usecount;
-    unsigned long         flags;
-    unsigned int          nsyms;
-    unsigned int          ndeps;
-    struct module_symbol *syms;
-    struct module_ref    *deps;
-    struct module_ref    *refs;
-    int                 (*init)(void);
-    void                (*cleanup)(void);
-    const struct exception_table_entry *ex_table_start;
-    const struct exception_table_entry *ex_table_end;
-#ifdef __alpha__
-    unsigned long gp;
-#endif
-};
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-All of the pointer fields, with the exception of
-.I next
-and
-.IR refs ,
-are expected to point within the module body and be
-initialized as appropriate for kernel space, that is, relocated with
-the rest of the module.
-.SH NOTES
-Information about currently loaded modules can be found in
-.I /proc/modules
-and in the file trees under the per-module subdirectories under
-.IR /sys/module .
-.P
-See the Linux kernel source file
-.I include/linux/module.h
-for some useful background information.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR create_module (2),
-.BR delete_module (2),
-.BR query_module (2),
-.BR lsmod (8),
-.BR modprobe (8)