Adding upstream version 6.05.01.upstream/6.05.01

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 118 insertions, 0 deletions

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+.\" Copyright (c) 2010 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
+.\" based on a proposal from Stephan Mueller <smueller@atsec.com>
+.\"
+.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
+.\"
+.\" Various pieces of text taken from the kernel source and the commentary
+.\" in Linux commit fa28237cfcc5827553044cbd6ee52e33692b0faa
+.\" both written by Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
+.\"
+.TH subpage_prot 2 2023-03-30 "Linux man-pages 6.05.01"
+.SH NAME
+subpage_prot \- define a subpage protection for an address range
+.SH LIBRARY
+Standard C library
+.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" "      /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
+.B #include <unistd.h>
+.PP
+.BI "int syscall(SYS_subpage_prot, unsigned long " addr ", unsigned long " len ,
+.BI "            uint32_t *" map );
+.fi
+.PP
+.IR Note :
+glibc provides no wrapper for
+.BR subpage_prot (),
+necessitating the use of
+.BR syscall (2).
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The PowerPC-specific
+.BR subpage_prot ()
+system call provides the facility to control the access
+permissions on individual 4\ kB subpages on systems configured with
+a page size of 64\ kB.
+.PP
+The protection map is applied to the memory pages in the region starting at
+.I addr
+and continuing for
+.I len
+bytes.
+Both of these arguments must be aligned to a 64-kB boundary.
+.PP
+The protection map is specified in the buffer pointed to by
+.IR map .
+The map has 2 bits per 4\ kB subpage;
+thus each 32-bit word specifies the protections of 16 4\ kB subpages
+inside a 64\ kB page
+(so, the number of 32-bit words pointed to by
+.I map
+should equate to the number of 64-kB pages specified by
+.IR len ).
+Each 2-bit field in the protection map is either 0 to allow any access,
+1 to prevent writes, or 2 or 3 to prevent all accesses.
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+On success,
+.BR subpage_prot ()
+returns 0.
+Otherwise, one of the error codes specified below is returned.
+.SH ERRORS
+.TP
+.B EFAULT
+The buffer referred to by
+.I map
+is not accessible.
+.TP
+.B EINVAL
+The
+.I addr
+or
+.I len
+arguments are incorrect.
+Both of these arguments must be aligned to a multiple of the system page size,
+and they must not refer to a region outside of the
+address space of the process or to a region that consists of huge pages.
+.TP
+.B ENOMEM
+Out of memory.
+.SH STANDARDS
+Linux.
+.SH HISTORY
+Linux 2.6.25 (PowerPC).
+.PP
+The system call is provided only if the kernel is configured with
+.BR CONFIG_PPC_64K_PAGES .
+.SH NOTES
+Normal page protections (at the 64-kB page level) also apply;
+the subpage protection mechanism is an additional constraint,
+so putting 0 in a 2-bit field won't allow writes to a page that is otherwise
+write-protected.
+.SS Rationale
+This system call is provided to assist writing emulators that
+operate using 64-kB pages on PowerPC systems.
+When emulating systems such as x86, which uses a smaller page size,
+the emulator can no longer use the memory-management unit (MMU)
+and normal system calls for controlling page protections.
+(The emulator could emulate the MMU by checking and possibly remapping
+the address for each memory access in software, but that is slow.)
+The idea is that the emulator supplies an array of protection masks
+to apply to a specified range of virtual addresses.
+These masks are applied at the level where hardware page-table entries (PTEs)
+are inserted into the hardware page table based on the Linux PTEs,
+so the Linux PTEs are not affected.
+Implicit in this is that the regions of the address space that are
+protected are switched to use 4-kB hardware pages rather than 64-kB
+hardware pages (on machines with hardware 64-kB page support).
+.\" In the initial implementation, it was the case that:
+.\"     In fact the whole process is switched to use 4 kB hardware pages when the
+.\"     subpage_prot system call is used, but this could be improved in future
+.\"     to switch only the affected segments.
+.\" But Paul Mackerass says (Oct 2010): I'm pretty sure we now only switch
+.\" the affected segment, not the whole process.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR mprotect (2),
+.BR syscall (2)
+.PP
+.I Documentation/admin\-guide/mm/hugetlbpage.rst
+in the Linux kernel source tree