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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
commit3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748 (patch)
tree312f0d1e1632f48862f044b8bb87e602dcffb5f9 /man2/times.2
parentAdding debian version 6.7-2. (diff)
downloadmanpages-3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748.tar.xz
manpages-3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748.zip
Merging upstream version 6.8.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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-.\" Copyright (c) 1992 Drew Eckhardt (drew@cs.colorado.edu), March 28, 1992
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.\" Modified by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de)
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 14:29:17 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Modified 961203 and 001211 and 010326 by aeb@cwi.nl
-.\" Modified 001213 by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de)
-.\" Modified 13 Jun 02, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" Added note on nonstandard behavior when SIGCHLD is ignored.
-.\" Modified 2004-11-16, mtk, Noted that the nonconformance when
-.\" SIGCHLD is being ignored is fixed in Linux 2.6.9; other minor changes
-.\" Modified 2004-12-08, mtk, in Linux 2.6 times() return value changed
-.\" 2005-04-13, mtk
-.\" Added notes on nonstandard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to
-.\" be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's nonportable.
-.\"
-.TH times 2 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-times \- get process times
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <sys/times.h>
-.P
-.BI "clock_t times(struct tms *" buf );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR times ()
-stores the current process times in the
-.I "struct tms"
-that
-.I buf
-points to.
-The
-.I struct tms
-is as defined in
-.IR <sys/times.h> :
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-struct tms {
- clock_t tms_utime; /* user time */
- clock_t tms_stime; /* system time */
- clock_t tms_cutime; /* user time of children */
- clock_t tms_cstime; /* system time of children */
-};
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-The
-.I tms_utime
-field contains the CPU time spent executing instructions
-of the calling process.
-The
-.I tms_stime
-field contains the CPU time spent executing inside the kernel
-while performing tasks on behalf of the calling process.
-.P
-The
-.I tms_cutime
-field contains the sum of the
-.I tms_utime
-and
-.I tms_cutime
-values for all waited-for terminated children.
-The
-.I tms_cstime
-field contains the sum of the
-.I tms_stime
-and
-.I tms_cstime
-values for all waited-for terminated children.
-.P
-Times for terminated children (and their descendants)
-are added in at the moment
-.BR wait (2)
-or
-.BR waitpid (2)
-returns their process ID.
-In particular,
-times of grandchildren
-that the children did not wait for are never seen.
-.P
-All times reported are in clock ticks.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-.BR times ()
-returns the number of clock ticks that have elapsed since
-an arbitrary point in the past.
-The return value may overflow the possible range of type
-.IR clock_t .
-On error,
-\fI(clock_t)\ \-1\fP is returned,
-and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.B EFAULT
-.I tms
-points outside the process's address space.
-.SH VERSIONS
-On Linux,
-the
-.I buf
-argument can be specified as NULL,
-with the result that
-.BR times ()
-just returns a function result.
-However,
-POSIX does not specify this behavior,
-and most
-other UNIX implementations require a non-NULL value for
-.IR buf .
-.SH STANDARDS
-POSIX.1-2008.
-.SH HISTORY
-POSIX.1-2001,
-SVr4,
-4.3BSD.
-.P
-In POSIX.1-1996 the symbol \fBCLK_TCK\fP (defined in
-.IR <time.h> )
-is mentioned as obsolescent.
-It is obsolete now.
-.P
-Before Linux 2.6.9,
-if the disposition of
-.B SIGCHLD
-is set to
-.BR SIG_IGN ,
-then the times of terminated children
-are automatically included in the
-.I tms_cstime
-and
-.I tms_cutime
-fields,
-although POSIX.1-2001 says that this should happen
-only if the calling process
-.BR wait (2)s
-on its children.
-This nonconformance is rectified in Linux 2.6.9 and later.
-.\" See the description of times() in XSH, which says:
-.\" The times of a terminated child process are included... when wait()
-.\" or waitpid() returns the process ID of this terminated child.
-.P
-On Linux,
-the \[lq]arbitrary point in the past\[rq]
-from which the return value of
-.BR times ()
-is measured has varied across kernel versions.
-On Linux 2.4 and earlier,
-this point is the moment the system was booted.
-Since Linux 2.6,
-this point is \fI(2\[ha]32/HZ) \- 300\fP
-seconds before system boot time.
-This variability across kernel versions (and across UNIX implementations),
-combined with the fact that the returned value may overflow the range of
-.IR clock_t ,
-means that a portable application would be wise to avoid using this value.
-To measure changes in elapsed time,
-use
-.BR clock_gettime (2)
-instead.
-.\" .P
-.\" On older systems the number of clock ticks per second is given
-.\" by the variable HZ.
-.P
-SVr1-3 returns
-.I long
-and the struct members are of type
-.I time_t
-although they store clock ticks,
-not seconds since the Epoch.
-V7 used
-.I long
-for the struct members,
-because it had no type
-.I time_t
-yet.
-.SH NOTES
-The number of clock ticks per second can be obtained using:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-Note that
-.BR clock (3)
-also returns a value of type
-.IR clock_t ,
-but this value is measured in units of
-.BR CLOCKS_PER_SEC ,
-not the clock ticks used by
-.BR times ().
-.SH BUGS
-A limitation of the Linux system call conventions on some architectures
-(notably i386) means that on Linux 2.6 there is a small time window
-(41 seconds) soon after boot when
-.BR times ()
-can return \-1,
-falsely indicating that an error occurred.
-The same problem can occur when the return value wraps past
-the maximum value that can be stored in
-.BR clock_t .
-.\" The problem is that a syscall return of -4095 to -1
-.\" is interpreted by glibc as an error, and the wrapper converts
-.\" the return value to -1.
-.\" http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119447727031225&w=2
-.\" "compat_sys_times() bogus until jiffies >= 0"
-.\" November 2007
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR time (1),
-.BR getrusage (2),
-.BR wait (2),
-.BR clock (3),
-.BR sysconf (3),
-.BR time (7)