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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
commit3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748 (patch)
tree312f0d1e1632f48862f044b8bb87e602dcffb5f9 /man3/stdio.3
parentAdding debian version 6.7-2. (diff)
downloadmanpages-3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748.tar.xz
manpages-3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748.zip
Merging upstream version 6.8.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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-'\" t
-.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
-.\" All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause-UC
-.\"
-.\" @(#)stdio.3 6.5 (Berkeley) 5/6/91
-.\"
-.\" Converted for Linux, Mon Nov 29 16:07:22 1993, faith@cs.unc.edu
-.\" Modified, 2001-12-26, aeb
-.\"
-.TH stdio 3 2023-12-29 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-stdio \- standard input/output library functions
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <stdio.h>
-.P
-.BI "FILE *" stdin ;
-.BI "FILE *" stdout ;
-.BI "FILE *" stderr ;
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The standard I/O library provides a simple and efficient buffered stream
-I/O interface.
-Input and output is mapped into logical data streams and the
-physical I/O characteristics are concealed.
-The functions and macros are
-listed below; more information is available from the individual man pages.
-.P
-A stream is associated with an external file (which may be a physical
-device) by
-.I opening
-a file, which may involve creating a new file.
-Creating an existing file
-causes its former contents to be discarded.
-If a file can support positioning requests (such as a disk file,
-as opposed to a terminal), then a
-.I file position indicator
-associated with the stream is positioned at the start of the file (byte
-zero), unless the file is opened with append mode.
-If append mode is used,
-it is unspecified whether the position indicator will be placed at the
-start or the end of the file.
-The position indicator is maintained by
-subsequent reads, writes, and positioning requests.
-All input occurs as if the characters were read by successive calls to the
-.BR fgetc (3)
-function; all output takes place as if all characters were written by
-successive calls to the
-.BR fputc (3)
-function.
-.P
-A file is disassociated from a stream by
-.I closing
-the file.
-Output streams are flushed (any unwritten buffer contents are
-transferred to the host environment) before the stream is disassociated from
-the file.
-The value of a pointer to a
-.I FILE
-object is indeterminate after a file is closed (garbage).
-.P
-A file may be subsequently reopened, by the same or another program
-execution, and its contents reclaimed or modified (if it can be
-repositioned at the start).
-If the main function returns to its original
-caller, or the
-.BR exit (3)
-function is called, all open files are closed (hence all output streams are
-flushed) before program termination.
-Other methods of program termination,
-such as
-.BR abort (3)
-do not bother about closing files properly.
-.P
-At program startup, three text streams are predefined and need not be
-opened explicitly:
-.I standard input
-(for reading conventional input),
-.I standard output
-(for writing conventional output), and
-.I standard error
-(for writing diagnostic output).
-These streams are abbreviated
-.IR stdin ,
-.IR stdout ,
-and
-.IR stderr .
-When opened, the standard error stream is not fully buffered; the standard
-input and output streams are fully buffered if and only if the streams do
-not refer to an interactive device.
-.P
-Output streams that refer to terminal devices are always line buffered by
-default; pending output to such streams is written automatically whenever
-an input stream that refers to a terminal device is read.
-In cases where a
-large amount of computation is done after printing part of a line on an
-output terminal, it is necessary to
-.BR fflush (3)
-the standard output before going off and computing so that the output will
-appear.
-.P
-The
-.I stdio
-library is a part of the library
-.B libc
-and routines are automatically loaded as needed by
-.BR cc (1).
-The
-SYNOPSIS
-sections of the following manual pages indicate which include files are to
-be used, what the compiler declaration for the function looks like and
-which external variables are of interest.
-.P
-The following are defined as macros; these names may not be reused without
-first removing their current definitions with
-.BR #undef :
-.BR BUFSIZ ,
-.BR EOF ,
-.BR FILENAME_MAX ,
-.BR FOPEN_MAX ,
-.BR L_cuserid ,
-.BR L_ctermid ,
-.BR L_tmpnam ,
-.BR NULL ,
-.BR SEEK_END ,
-.BR SEEK_SET ,
-.BR SEEK_CUR ,
-.BR TMP_MAX ,
-.BR clearerr ,
-.BR feof ,
-.BR ferror ,
-.BR fileno ,
-.\" Not on Linux: .BR fropen ,
-.\" Not on Linux: .BR fwopen ,
-.BR getc ,
-.BR getchar ,
-.BR putc ,
-.BR putchar ,
-.BR stderr ,
-.BR stdin ,
-.BR stdout .
-Function versions of the macro functions
-.BR feof ,
-.BR ferror ,
-.BR clearerr ,
-.BR fileno ,
-.BR getc ,
-.BR getchar ,
-.BR putc ,
-and
-.B putchar
-exist and will be used if the macros definitions are explicitly removed.
-.SS List of functions
-.TS
-;
-lb lbx
-l l.
-Function Description
-_
-\fBclearerr\fP(3) T{
-check and reset stream status
-T}
-\fBfclose\fP(3) T{
-close a stream
-T}
-\fBfdopen\fP(3) T{
-stream open functions
-T}
-\fBfeof\fP(3) T{
-check and reset stream status
-T}
-\fBferror\fP(3) T{
-check and reset stream status
-T}
-\fBfflush\fP(3) T{
-flush a stream
-T}
-\fBfgetc\fP(3) T{
-get next character or word from input stream
-T}
-\fBfgetpos\fP(3) T{
-reposition a stream
-T}
-\fBfgets\fP(3) T{
-get a line from a stream
-T}
-\fBfileno\fP(3) T{
-return the integer descriptor of the argument stream
-T}
-\fBfmemopen\fP(3) T{
-open memory as stream
-T}
-\fBfopen\fP(3) T{
-stream open functions
-T}
-\fBfopencookie\fP(3) T{
-open a custom stream
-T}
-\fBfprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBfpurge\fP(3) T{
-flush a stream
-T}
-\fBfputc\fP(3) T{
-output a character or word to a stream
-T}
-\fBfputs\fP(3) T{
-output a line to a stream
-T}
-\fBfread\fP(3) T{
-binary stream input/output
-T}
-\fBfreopen\fP(3) T{
-stream open functions
-T}
-\fBfscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-\fBfseek\fP(3) T{
-reposition a stream
-T}
-\fBfsetpos\fP(3) T{
-reposition a stream
-T}
-\fBftell\fP(3) T{
-reposition a stream
-T}
-\fBfwrite\fP(3) T{
-binary stream input/output
-T}
-\fBgetc\fP(3) T{
-get next character or word from input stream
-T}
-\fBgetchar\fP(3) T{
-get next character or word from input stream
-T}
-\fBgets\fP(3) T{
-get a line from a stream
-T}
-\fBgetw\fP(3) T{
-get next character or word from input stream
-T}
-\fBmktemp\fP(3) T{
-make temporary filename (unique)
-T}
-\fBopen_memstream\fP(3) T{
-open a dynamic memory buffer stream
-T}
-\fBopen_wmemstream\fP(3) T{
-open a dynamic memory buffer stream
-T}
-\fBperror\fP(3) T{
-system error messages
-T}
-\fBprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBputc\fP(3) T{
-output a character or word to a stream
-T}
-\fBputchar\fP(3) T{
-output a character or word to a stream
-T}
-\fBputs\fP(3) T{
-output a line to a stream
-T}
-\fBputw\fP(3) T{
-output a character or word to a stream
-T}
-\fBremove\fP(3) T{
-remove directory entry
-T}
-\fBrewind\fP(3) T{
-reposition a stream
-T}
-\fBscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-\fBsetbuf\fP(3) T{
-stream buffering operations
-T}
-\fBsetbuffer\fP(3) T{
-stream buffering operations
-T}
-\fBsetlinebuf\fP(3) T{
-stream buffering operations
-T}
-\fBsetvbuf\fP(3) T{
-stream buffering operations
-T}
-\fBsprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBsscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-\fBstrerror\fP(3) T{
-system error messages
-T}
-\fBsys_errlist\fP(3) T{
-system error messages
-T}
-\fBsys_nerr\fP(3) T{
-system error messages
-T}
-\fBtempnam\fP(3) T{
-temporary file routines
-T}
-\fBtmpfile\fP(3) T{
-temporary file routines
-T}
-\fBtmpnam\fP(3) T{
-temporary file routines
-T}
-\fBungetc\fP(3) T{
-un-get character from input stream
-T}
-\fBvfprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBvfscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-\fBvprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBvscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-\fBvsprintf\fP(3) T{
-formatted output conversion
-T}
-\fBvsscanf\fP(3) T{
-input format conversion
-T}
-.TE
-.SH STANDARDS
-C11, POSIX.1-2008.
-.SH HISTORY
-C89, POSIX.1-2001.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR close (2),
-.BR open (2),
-.BR read (2),
-.BR write (2),
-.BR stdout (3),
-.BR unlocked_stdio (3)