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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-24 04:52:22 +0000
commit3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748 (patch)
tree312f0d1e1632f48862f044b8bb87e602dcffb5f9 /man5/proc_buddyinfo.5
parentAdding debian version 6.7-2. (diff)
downloadmanpages-3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748.tar.xz
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Merging upstream version 6.8.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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-.\" Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@yggdrasil.com>
-.\" Copyright (C) 2002-2008, 2017, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" Copyright (C) 2023, Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-.\"
-.TH proc_buddyinfo 5 2023-08-15 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-/proc/buddyinfo \- memory fragmentation
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.TP
-.I /proc/buddyinfo
-This file contains information which is used for diagnosing memory
-fragmentation issues.
-Each line starts with the identification of the node and the name
-of the zone which together identify a memory region.
-This is then
-followed by the count of available chunks of a certain order in
-which these zones are split.
-The size in bytes of a certain order is given by the formula:
-.IP
-.in +4n
-.EX
-(2\[ha]order)\ *\ PAGE_SIZE
-.EE
-.in
-.IP
-The binary buddy allocator algorithm inside the kernel will split
-one chunk into two chunks of a smaller order (thus with half the
-size) or combine two contiguous chunks into one larger chunk of
-a higher order (thus with double the size) to satisfy allocation
-requests and to counter memory fragmentation.
-The order matches the column number, when starting to count at zero.
-.IP
-For example on an x86-64 system:
-.RS -12
-.EX
-Node 0, zone DMA 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 3
-Node 0, zone DMA32 65 47 4 81 52 28 13 10 5 1 404
-Node 0, zone Normal 216 55 189 101 84 38 37 27 5 3 587
-.EE
-.RE
-.IP
-In this example, there is one node containing three zones and there
-are 11 different chunk sizes.
-If the page size is 4 kilobytes, then the first zone called
-.I DMA
-(on x86 the first 16 megabyte of memory) has 1 chunk of 4 kilobytes
-(order 0) available and has 3 chunks of 4 megabytes (order 10) available.
-.IP
-If the memory is heavily fragmented, the counters for higher
-order chunks will be zero and allocation of large contiguous areas
-will fail.
-.IP
-Further information about the zones can be found in
-.IR /proc/zoneinfo .
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR proc (5)