Merging upstream version 6.8.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

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-.\" Copyright (c) 1993 by Thomas Koenig (ig25@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de)
-.\" and Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 17:28:34 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
-.\" Modified Sun Jun 01 17:16:34 1997 by Jochen Hein
-.\"   <jochen.hein@delphi.central.de>
-.\" Modified Thu Apr 25 00:43:19 2002 by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
-.\"
-.TH locale 7 2024-02-25 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-locale \- description of multilanguage support
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <locale.h>
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-A locale is a set of language and cultural rules.
-These cover aspects
-such as language for messages, different character sets, lexicographic
-conventions, and so on.
-A program needs to be able to determine its locale
-and act accordingly to be portable to different cultures.
-.P
-The header
-.I <locale.h>
-declares data types, functions, and macros which are useful in this
-task.
-.P
-The functions it declares are
-.BR setlocale (3)
-to set the current locale, and
-.BR localeconv (3)
-to get information about number formatting.
-.P
-There are different categories for locale information a program might
-need; they are declared as macros.
-Using them as the first argument
-to the
-.BR setlocale (3)
-function, it is possible to set one of these to the desired locale:
-.TP
-.BR LC_ADDRESS " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-.\" See ISO/IEC Technical Report 14652
-Change settings that describe the formats (e.g., postal addresses)
-used to describe locations and geography-related items.
-Applications that need this information can use
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve nonstandard elements, such as
-.B _NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_NAME
-(country name, in the language of the locale)
-and
-.B _NL_ADDRESS_LANG_NAME
-(language name, in the language of the locale),
-which return strings such as "Deutschland" and "Deutsch"
-(for German-language locales).
-(Other element names are listed in
-.IR <langinfo.h> .)
-.TP
-.B LC_COLLATE
-This category governs the collation rules used for
-sorting and regular expressions,
-including character equivalence classes and
-multicharacter collating elements.
-This locale category changes the behavior of the functions
-.BR strcoll (3)
-and
-.BR strxfrm (3),
-which are used to compare strings in the local alphabet.
-For example,
-the German sharp s is sorted as "ss".
-.TP
-.B LC_CTYPE
-This category determines the interpretation of byte sequences as characters
-(e.g., single versus multibyte characters), character classifications
-(e.g., alphabetic or digit), and the behavior of character classes.
-On glibc systems, this category also determines
-the character transliteration rules for
-.BR iconv (1)
-and
-.BR iconv (3).
-It changes the behavior of the character handling and
-classification functions, such as
-.BR isupper (3)
-and
-.BR toupper (3),
-and the multibyte character functions such as
-.BR mblen (3)
-or
-.BR wctomb (3).
-.TP
-.BR LC_IDENTIFICATION " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-.\" See ISO/IEC Technical Report 14652
-Change settings that relate to the metadata for the locale.
-Applications that need this information can use
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve nonstandard elements, such as
-.B _NL_IDENTIFICATION_TITLE
-(title of this locale document)
-and
-.B _NL_IDENTIFICATION_TERRITORY
-(geographical territory to which this locale document applies),
-which might return strings such as "English locale for the USA"
-and "USA".
-(Other element names are listed in
-.IR <langinfo.h> .)
-.TP
-.B LC_MONETARY
-This category determines the formatting used for
-monetary-related numeric values.
-This changes the information returned by
-.BR localeconv (3),
-which describes the way numbers are usually printed, with details such
-as decimal point versus decimal comma.
-This information is internally
-used by the function
-.BR strfmon (3).
-.TP
-.B LC_MESSAGES
-This category affects the language in which messages are displayed
-and what an affirmative or negative answer looks like.
-The GNU C library contains the
-.BR gettext (3),
-.BR ngettext (3),
-and
-.BR rpmatch (3)
-functions to ease the use of this information.
-The GNU gettext family of
-functions also obey the environment variable
-.B LANGUAGE
-(containing a colon-separated list of locales)
-if the category is set to a valid locale other than
-.BR \[dq]C\[dq] .
-This category also affects the behavior of
-.BR catopen (3).
-.TP
-.BR LC_MEASUREMENT " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-Change the settings relating to the measurement system in the locale
-(i.e., metric versus US customary units).
-Applications can use
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve the nonstandard
-.B _NL_MEASUREMENT_MEASUREMENT
-element, which returns a pointer to a character
-that has the value 1 (metric) or 2 (US customary units).
-.TP
-.BR LC_NAME " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-.\" See ISO/IEC Technical Report 14652
-Change settings that describe the formats used to address persons.
-Applications that need this information can use
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve nonstandard elements, such as
-.B _NL_NAME_NAME_MR
-(general salutation for men)
-and
-.B _NL_NAME_NAME_MS
-(general salutation for women)
-elements, which return strings such as "Herr" and "Frau"
-(for German-language locales).
-(Other element names are listed in
-.IR <langinfo.h> .)
-.TP
-.B LC_NUMERIC
-This category determines the formatting rules used for nonmonetary
-numeric values\[em]for example,
-the thousands separator and the radix character
-(a period in most English-speaking countries,
-but a comma in many other regions).
-It affects functions such as
-.BR printf (3),
-.BR scanf (3),
-and
-.BR strtod (3).
-This information can also be read with the
-.BR localeconv (3)
-function.
-.TP
-.BR LC_PAPER " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-.\" See ISO/IEC Technical Report 14652
-Change the settings relating to the dimensions of the standard paper size
-(e.g., US letter versus A4).
-Applications that need the dimensions can obtain them by using
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve the nonstandard
-.B _NL_PAPER_WIDTH
-and
-.B _NL_PAPER_HEIGHT
-elements, which return
-.I int
-values specifying the dimensions in millimeters.
-.TP
-.BR LC_TELEPHONE " (GNU extension, since glibc 2.2)"
-.\" See ISO/IEC Technical Report 14652
-Change settings that describe the formats to be used with telephone services.
-Applications that need this information can use
-.BR nl_langinfo (3)
-to retrieve nonstandard elements, such as
-.B _NL_TELEPHONE_INT_PREFIX
-(international prefix used to call numbers in this locale),
-which returns a string such as "49" (for Germany).
-(Other element names are listed in
-.IR <langinfo.h> .)
-.TP
-.B LC_TIME
-This category governs the formatting used for date and time values.
-For example, most of Europe uses a 24-hour clock versus the
-12-hour clock used in the United States.
-The setting of this category affects the behavior of functions such as
-.BR strftime (3)
-and
-.BR strptime (3).
-.TP
-.B LC_ALL
-All of the above.
-.P
-If the second argument to
-.BR setlocale (3)
-is an empty string,
-.IR \[dq]\[dq] ,
-for the default locale, it is determined using the following steps:
-.IP (1) 5
-If there is a non-null environment variable
-.BR LC_ALL ,
-the value of
-.B LC_ALL
-is used.
-.IP (2)
-If an environment variable with the same name as one of the categories
-above exists and is non-null, its value is used for that category.
-.IP (3)
-If there is a non-null environment variable
-.BR LANG ,
-the value of
-.B LANG
-is used.
-.P
-Values about local numeric formatting is made available in a
-.I struct lconv
-returned by the
-.BR localeconv (3)
-function, which has the following declaration:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-struct lconv {
-\&
-    /* Numeric (nonmonetary) information */
-\&
-    char *decimal_point;     /* Radix character */
-    char *thousands_sep;     /* Separator for digit groups to left
-                                of radix character */
-    char *grouping;     /* Each element is the number of digits in
-                           a group; elements with higher indices
-                           are further left.  An element with value
-                           CHAR_MAX means that no further grouping
-                           is done.  An element with value 0 means
-                           that the previous element is used for
-                           all groups further left. */
-\&
-    /* Remaining fields are for monetary information */
-\&
-    char *int_curr_symbol;   /* First three chars are a currency
-                                symbol from ISO 4217.  Fourth char
-                                is the separator.  Fifth char
-                                is \[aq]\e0\[aq]. */
-    char *currency_symbol;   /* Local currency symbol */
-    char *mon_decimal_point; /* Radix character */
-    char *mon_thousands_sep; /* Like \fIthousands_sep\fP above */
-    char *mon_grouping;      /* Like \fIgrouping\fP above */
-    char *positive_sign;     /* Sign for positive values */
-    char *negative_sign;     /* Sign for negative values */
-    char  int_frac_digits;   /* International fractional digits */
-    char  frac_digits;       /* Local fractional digits */
-    char  p_cs_precedes;     /* 1 if currency_symbol precedes a
-                                positive value, 0 if succeeds */
-    char  p_sep_by_space;    /* 1 if a space separates
-                                currency_symbol from a positive
-                                value */
-    char  n_cs_precedes;     /* 1 if currency_symbol precedes a
-                                negative value, 0 if succeeds */
-    char  n_sep_by_space;    /* 1 if a space separates
-                                currency_symbol from a negative
-                                value */
-    /* Positive and negative sign positions:
-       0 Parentheses surround the quantity and currency_symbol.
-       1 The sign string precedes the quantity and currency_symbol.
-       2 The sign string succeeds the quantity and currency_symbol.
-       3 The sign string immediately precedes the currency_symbol.
-       4 The sign string immediately succeeds the currency_symbol. */
-    char  p_sign_posn;
-    char  n_sign_posn;
-};
-.EE
-.in
-.SS POSIX.1-2008 extensions to the locale API
-POSIX.1-2008 standardized a number of extensions to the locale API,
-based on implementations that first appeared in glibc 2.3.
-These extensions are designed to address the problem that
-the traditional locale APIs do not mix well with multithreaded applications
-and with applications that must deal with multiple locales.
-.P
-The extensions take the form of new functions for creating and
-manipulating locale objects
-.RB ( newlocale (3),
-.BR freelocale (3),
-.BR duplocale (3),
-and
-.BR uselocale (3))
-and various new library functions with the suffix "_l" (e.g.,
-.BR toupper_l (3))
-that extend the traditional locale-dependent APIs (e.g.,
-.BR toupper (3))
-to allow the specification of a locale object that should apply when
-executing the function.
-.SH ENVIRONMENT
-The following environment variable is used by
-.BR newlocale (3)
-and
-.BR setlocale (3),
-and thus affects all unprivileged localized programs:
-.TP
-.B LOCPATH
-A list of pathnames, separated by colons (\[aq]:\[aq]),
-that should be used to find locale data.
-If this variable is set,
-only the individual compiled locale data files from
-.B LOCPATH
-and the system default locale data path are used;
-any available locale archives are not used (see
-.BR localedef (1)).
-The individual compiled locale data files are searched for under
-subdirectories which depend on the currently used locale.
-For example, when
-.I en_GB.UTF\-8
-is used for a category, the following subdirectories are searched for,
-in this order:
-.IR en_GB.UTF\-8 ,
-.IR en_GB.utf8 ,
-.IR en_GB ,
-.IR en.UTF\-8 ,
-.IR en.utf8 ,
-and
-.IR en .
-.SH FILES
-.TP
-.I /usr/lib/locale/locale\-archive
-Usual default locale archive location.
-.TP
-.I /usr/lib/locale
-Usual default path for compiled individual locale files.
-.SH STANDARDS
-POSIX.1-2001.
-.\"
-.\" The GNU gettext functions are specified in LI18NUX2000.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR iconv (1),
-.BR locale (1),
-.BR localedef (1),
-.BR catopen (3),
-.BR gettext (3),
-.BR iconv (3),
-.BR localeconv (3),
-.BR mbstowcs (3),
-.BR newlocale (3),
-.BR ngettext (3),
-.BR nl_langinfo (3),
-.BR rpmatch (3),
-.BR setlocale (3),
-.BR strcoll (3),
-.BR strfmon (3),
-.BR strftime (3),
-.BR strxfrm (3),
-.BR uselocale (3),
-.BR wcstombs (3),
-.BR locale (5),
-.BR charsets (7),
-.BR unicode (7),
-.BR utf\-8 (7)