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+.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de),
+.\"     Fri Apr  2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993
+.\"
+.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+.\"
+.\" Modified formatting Sat Jul 24 17:13:38 1993, Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
+.\" Modified (extensions and corrections)
+.\"   Sun May  1 14:21:25 MET DST 1994 Michael Haardt
+.\"   If mistakes in the capabilities are found, please send a bug report to:
+.\"   michael@moria.de
+.\" Modified Mon Oct 21 17:47:19 EDT 1996 by Eric S. Raymond (esr@thyrsus.com)
+.TH termcap 5 2024-05-02 "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
+.SH NAME
+termcap \- terminal capability database
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The termcap database is an obsolete facility for describing the
+capabilities of character-cell terminals and printers.
+It is retained only for compatibility with old programs;
+new programs should use the
+.BR terminfo (5)
+database and associated libraries.
+.P
+.I /etc/termcap
+is an ASCII file (the database master) that lists the capabilities of
+many different types of terminals.
+Programs can read termcap to find
+the particular escape codes needed to control the visual attributes of
+the terminal actually in use.
+(Other aspects of the terminal are
+handled by
+.BR stty (1).)
+The termcap database is indexed on the
+.B TERM
+environment variable.
+.P
+Termcap entries must be defined on a single logical line, with \[aq]\e\[aq]
+used to suppress the newline.
+Fields are separated by \[aq]:\[aq].
+The first field of each entry starts at the left-hand margin,
+and contains a list of names for the terminal, separated by \[aq]|\[aq].
+.P
+The first subfield may (in BSD termcap entries from 4.3BSD and
+earlier) contain a short name consisting of two characters.
+This short name may consist of capital or small letters.
+In 4.4BSD, termcap entries this field is omitted.
+.P
+The second subfield (first, in the newer 4.4BSD format) contains the
+name used by the environment variable
+.BR TERM .
+It should be spelled in lowercase letters.
+Selectable hardware capabilities should be marked
+by appending a hyphen and a suffix to this name.
+See below for an example.
+Usual suffixes are w (more than 80 characters wide), am
+(automatic margins), nam (no automatic margins), and rv (reverse video
+display).
+The third subfield contains a long and descriptive name for
+this termcap entry.
+.P
+Subsequent fields contain the terminal capabilities; any continued
+capability lines must be indented one tab from the left margin.
+.P
+Although there is no defined order, it is suggested to write first
+boolean, then numeric, and then string capabilities, each sorted
+alphabetically without looking at lower or upper spelling.
+Capabilities of similar functions can be written in one line.
+.P
+Example for:
+.nf
+.P
+Head line: vt|vt101|DEC VT 101 terminal in 80 character mode:\e
+Head line: Vt|vt101-w|DEC VT 101 terminal in (wide) 132 character mode:\e
+Boolean: :bs:\e
+Numeric: :co#80:\e
+String: :sr=\eE[H:\e
+.fi
+.SS Boolean capabilities
+.nf
+5i	Printer will not echo on screen
+am	Automatic margins which means automatic line wrap
+bs	Control-H (8 dec.) performs a backspace
+bw	Backspace on left margin wraps to previous line and right margin
+da	Display retained above screen
+db	Display retained below screen
+eo	A space erases all characters at cursor position
+es	Escape sequences and special characters work in status line
+gn	Generic device
+hc	This is a hardcopy terminal
+HC	The cursor is hard to see when not on bottom line
+hs	Has a status line
+hz	Hazeltine bug, the terminal can not print tilde characters
+in	Terminal inserts null bytes, not spaces, to fill whitespace
+km	Terminal has a meta key
+mi	Cursor movement works in insert mode
+ms	Cursor movement works in standout/underline mode
+NP	No pad character
+NR	ti does not reverse te
+nx	No padding, must use XON/XOFF
+os	Terminal can overstrike
+ul	Terminal underlines although it can not overstrike
+xb	Beehive glitch, f1 sends ESCAPE, f2 sends \fB\[ha]C\fP
+xn	Newline/wraparound glitch
+xo	Terminal uses xon/xoff protocol
+xs	Text typed over standout text will be displayed in standout
+xt	Teleray glitch, destructive tabs and odd standout mode
+.fi
+.SS Numeric capabilities
+.nf
+co	Number of columns
+dB	Delay in milliseconds for backspace on hardcopy terminals
+dC	Delay in milliseconds for carriage return on hardcopy terminals
+dF	Delay in milliseconds for form feed on hardcopy terminals
+dN	Delay in milliseconds for new line on hardcopy terminals
+dT	Delay in milliseconds for tabulator stop on hardcopy terminals
+dV	Delay in milliseconds for vertical tabulator stop on
+	hardcopy terminals
+it	Difference between tab positions
+lh	Height of soft labels
+lm	Lines of memory
+lw	Width of soft labels
+li	Number of lines
+Nl	Number of soft labels
+pb	Lowest baud rate which needs padding
+sg	Standout glitch
+ug	Underline glitch
+vt	virtual terminal number
+ws	Width of status line if different from screen width
+.fi
+.SS String capabilities
+.nf
+!1	shifted save key
+!2	shifted suspend key
+!3	shifted undo key
+#1	shifted help key
+#2	shifted home key
+#3	shifted input key
+#4	shifted cursor left key
+%0	redo key
+%1	help key
+%2	mark key
+%3	message key
+%4	move key
+%5	next-object key
+%6	open key
+%7	options key
+%8	previous-object key
+%9	print key
+%a	shifted message key
+%b	shifted move key
+%c	shifted next key
+%d	shifted options key
+%e	shifted previous key
+%f	shifted print key
+%g	shifted redo key
+%h	shifted replace key
+%i	shifted cursor right key
+%j	shifted resume key
+&0	shifted cancel key
+&1	reference key
+&2	refresh key
+&3	replace key
+&4	restart key
+&5	resume key
+&6	save key
+&7	suspend key
+&8	undo key
+&9	shifted begin key
+*0	shifted find key
+*1	shifted command key
+*2	shifted copy key
+*3	shifted create key
+*4	shifted delete character
+*5	shifted delete line
+*6	select key
+*7	shifted end key
+*8	shifted clear line key
+*9	shifted exit key
+@0	find key
+@1	begin key
+@2	cancel key
+@3	close key
+@4	command key
+@5	copy key
+@6	create key
+@7	end key
+@8	enter/send key
+@9	exit key
+al	Insert one line
+AL	Insert %1 lines
+ac	Pairs of block graphic characters to map alternate character set
+ae	End alternative character set
+as	Start alternative character set for block graphic characters
+bc	Backspace, if not \fB\[ha]H\fP
+bl	Audio bell
+bt	Move to previous tab stop
+cb	Clear from beginning of line to cursor
+cc	Dummy command character
+cd	Clear to end of screen
+ce	Clear to end of line
+ch	Move cursor horizontally only to column %1
+cl	Clear screen and cursor home
+cm	Cursor move to row %1 and column %2 (on screen)
+CM	Move cursor to row %1 and column %2 (in memory)
+cr	Carriage return
+cs	Scroll region from line %1 to %2
+ct	Clear tabs
+cv	Move cursor vertically only to line %1
+dc	Delete one character
+DC	Delete %1 characters
+dl	Delete one line
+DL	Delete %1 lines
+dm	Begin delete mode
+do	Cursor down one line
+DO	Cursor down #1 lines
+ds	Disable status line
+eA	Enable alternate character set
+ec	Erase %1 characters starting at cursor
+ed	End delete mode
+ei	End insert mode
+ff	Formfeed character on hardcopy terminals
+fs	Return character to its position before going to status line
+F1	The string sent by function key f11
+F2	The string sent by function key f12
+F3	The string sent by function key f13
+\&...	\&...
+F9	The string sent by function key f19
+FA	The string sent by function key f20
+FB	The string sent by function key f21
+\&...	\&...
+FZ	The string sent by function key f45
+Fa	The string sent by function key f46
+Fb	The string sent by function key f47
+\&...	\&...
+Fr	The string sent by function key f63
+hd	Move cursor a half line down
+ho	Cursor home
+hu	Move cursor a half line up
+i1	Initialization string 1 at login
+i3	Initialization string 3 at login
+is	Initialization string 2 at login
+ic	Insert one character
+IC	Insert %1 characters
+if	Initialization file
+im	Begin insert mode
+ip	Insert pad time and needed special characters after insert
+iP	Initialization program
+K1	upper left key on keypad
+K2	center key on keypad
+K3	upper right key on keypad
+K4	bottom left key on keypad
+K5	bottom right key on keypad
+k0	Function key 0
+k1	Function key 1
+k2	Function key 2
+k3	Function key 3
+k4	Function key 4
+k5	Function key 5
+k6	Function key 6
+k7	Function key 7
+k8	Function key 8
+k9	Function key 9
+k;	Function key 10
+ka	Clear all tabs key
+kA	Insert line key
+kb	Backspace key
+kB	Back tab stop
+kC	Clear screen key
+kd	Cursor down key
+kD	Key for delete character under cursor
+ke	turn keypad off
+kE	Key for clear to end of line
+kF	Key for scrolling forward/down
+kh	Cursor home key
+kH	Cursor hown down key
+kI	Insert character/Insert mode key
+kl	Cursor left key
+kL	Key for delete line
+kM	Key for exit insert mode
+kN	Key for next page
+kP	Key for previous page
+kr	Cursor right key
+kR	Key for scrolling backward/up
+ks	Turn keypad on
+kS	Clear to end of screen key
+kt	Clear this tab key
+kT	Set tab here key
+ku	Cursor up key
+l0	Label of zeroth function key, if not f0
+l1	Label of first function key, if not f1
+l2	Label of first function key, if not f2
+\&...	\&...
+la	Label of tenth function key, if not f10
+le	Cursor left one character
+ll	Move cursor to lower left corner
+LE	Cursor left %1 characters
+LF	Turn soft labels off
+LO	Turn soft labels on
+mb	Start blinking
+MC	Clear soft margins
+md	Start bold mode
+me	End all mode like so, us, mb, md, and mr
+mh	Start half bright mode
+mk	Dark mode (Characters invisible)
+ML	Set left soft margin
+mm	Put terminal in meta mode
+mo	Put terminal out of meta mode
+mp	Turn on protected attribute
+mr	Start reverse mode
+MR	Set right soft margin
+nd	Cursor right one character
+nw	Carriage return command
+pc	Padding character
+pf	Turn printer off
+pk	Program key %1 to send string %2 as if typed by user
+pl	Program key %1 to execute string %2 in local mode
+pn	Program soft label %1 to show string %2
+po	Turn the printer on
+pO	Turn the printer on for %1 (<256) bytes
+ps	Print screen contents on printer
+px	Program key %1 to send string %2 to computer
+r1	Reset string 1 to set terminal to sane modes
+r2	Reset string 2 to set terminal to sane modes
+r3	Reset string 3 to set terminal to sane modes
+RA	disable automatic margins
+rc	Restore saved cursor position
+rf	Reset string filename
+RF	Request for input from terminal
+RI	Cursor right %1 characters
+rp	Repeat character %1 for %2 times
+rP	Padding after character sent in replace mode
+rs	Reset string
+RX	Turn off XON/XOFF flow control
+sa	Set %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 attributes
+SA	enable automatic margins
+sc	Save cursor position
+se	End standout mode
+sf	Normal scroll one line
+SF	Normal scroll %1 lines
+so	Start standout mode
+sr	Reverse scroll
+SR	scroll back %1 lines
+st	Set tabulator stop in all rows at current column
+SX	Turn on XON/XOFF flow control
+ta	move to next hardware tab
+tc	Read in terminal description from another entry
+te	End program that uses cursor motion
+ti	Begin program that uses cursor motion
+ts	Move cursor to column %1 of status line
+uc	Underline character under cursor and move cursor right
+ue	End underlining
+up	Cursor up one line
+UP	Cursor up %1 lines
+us	Start underlining
+vb	Visible bell
+ve	Normal cursor visible
+vi	Cursor invisible
+vs	Standout cursor
+wi	Set window from line %1 to %2 and column %3 to %4
+XF	XOFF character if not \fB\[ha]S\fP
+.fi
+.P
+There are several ways of defining the control codes for string capabilities:
+.P
+Every normal character represents itself,
+except \[aq]\[ha]\[aq], \[aq]\e\[aq], and \[aq]%\[aq].
+.P
+A \fB\[ha]x\fP means Control-x.
+Control-A equals 1 decimal.
+.P
+\ex means a special code.
+x can be one of the following characters:
+.RS
+E Escape (27)
+.br
+n Linefeed (10)
+.br
+r Carriage return (13)
+.br
+t Tabulation (9)
+.br
+b Backspace (8)
+.br
+f Form feed (12)
+.br
+0 Null character.
+A \exxx specifies the octal character xxx.
+.RE
+.TP
+i
+Increments parameters by one.
+.TP
+r
+Single parameter capability
+.TP
++
+Add value of next character to this parameter and do binary output
+.TP
+2
+Do ASCII output of this parameter with a field with of 2
+.TP
+d
+Do ASCII output of this parameter with a field with of 3
+.TP
+%
+Print a \[aq]%\[aq]
+.P
+If you use binary output,
+then you should avoid the null character (\[aq]\e0\[aq])
+because it terminates the string.
+You should reset tabulator expansion
+if a tabulator can be the binary output of a parameter.
+.TP
+Warning:
+The above metacharacters for parameters may be wrong: they document Minix
+termcap which may not be compatible with Linux termcap.
+.P
+The block graphic characters can be specified by three string capabilities:
+.TP
+as
+start the alternative charset
+.TP
+ae
+end the alternative charset
+.TP
+ac
+pairs of characters.
+The first character is the name of the block graphic
+symbol and the second characters is its definition.
+.P
+The following names are available:
+.P
+.nf
++	right arrow (>)
+,	left arrow (<)
+\&.	down arrow (v)
+0	full square (#)
+I	lantern (#)
+-	upper arrow (\[ha])
+\&'	rhombus (+)
+a	chess board (:)
+f	degree (')
+g	plus-minus (#)
+h	square (#)
+j	right bottom corner (+)
+k	right upper corner (+)
+l	left upper corner (+)
+m	left bottom corner (+)
+n	cross (+)
+o	upper horizontal line (-)
+q	middle horizontal line (-)
+s	bottom horizontal line (_)
+t	left tee (+)
+u	right tee (+)
+v	bottom tee (+)
+w	normal tee (+)
+x	vertical line (|)
+\[ti]	paragraph (???)
+.fi
+.P
+The values in parentheses are suggested defaults which are used by the
+.I curses
+library, if the capabilities are missing.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR ncurses (3),
+.BR termcap (3),
+.BR terminfo (5)