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-.\" Copyright 1993 Rickard E. Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Portions extracted from linux/kernel/ioport.c (no copyright notice).
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.\" Modified Tue Aug 1 16:47 1995 by Jochen Karrer
-.\" <cip307@cip.physik.uni-wuerzburg.de>
-.\" Modified Tue Oct 22 08:11:14 EDT 1996 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
-.\" Modified Fri Nov 27 14:50:36 CET 1998 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
-.\" Modified, 27 May 2004, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" Added notes on capability requirements
-.\"
-.TH iopl 2 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-iopl \- change I/O privilege level
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <sys/io.h>
-.P
-.BI "[[deprecated]] int iopl(int " level );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR iopl ()
-changes the I/O privilege level of the calling thread,
-as specified by the two least significant bits in
-.IR level .
-.P
-The I/O privilege level for a normal thread is 0.
-Permissions are inherited from parents to children.
-.P
-This call is deprecated, is significantly slower than
-.BR ioperm (2),
-and is only provided for older X servers which require
-access to all 65536 I/O ports.
-It is mostly for the i386 architecture.
-On many other architectures it does not exist or will always
-return an error.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, zero is returned.
-On error, \-1 is returned, and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-.I level
-is greater than 3.
-.TP
-.B ENOSYS
-This call is unimplemented.
-.TP
-.B EPERM
-The calling thread has insufficient privilege to call
-.BR iopl ();
-the
-.B CAP_SYS_RAWIO
-capability is required to raise the I/O privilege level
-above its current value.
-.SH VERSIONS
-.\" Libc5 treats it as a system call and has a prototype in
-.\" .IR <unistd.h> .
-.\" glibc1 does not have a prototype.
-glibc2 has a prototype both in
-.I <sys/io.h>
-and in
-.IR <sys/perm.h> .
-Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.
-.SH STANDARDS
-Linux.
-.SH HISTORY
-Prior to Linux 5.5
-.BR iopl ()
-allowed the thread to disable interrupts while running
-at a higher I/O privilege level.
-This will probably crash the system, and is not recommended.
-.P
-Prior to Linux 3.7,
-on some architectures (such as i386), permissions
-.I were
-inherited by the child produced by
-.BR fork (2)
-and were preserved across
-.BR execve (2).
-This behavior was inadvertently changed in Linux 3.7,
-and won't be reinstated.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR ioperm (2),
-.BR outb (2),
-.BR capabilities (7)