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-.\" Copyright (C) 1995, Thomas K. Dyas <tdyas@eden.rutgers.edu>
-.\" and Copyright (C) 2016, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.\" Created   Sat Aug 21 1995     Thomas K. Dyas <tdyas@eden.rutgers.edu>
-.\"
-.\" typo corrected, aeb, 950825
-.\" added layout change from joey, 960722
-.\" changed prototype, documented 0xffffffff, aeb, 030101
-.\" Modified 2004-11-03 patch from Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
-.\"
-.TH personality 2 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-personality \- set the process execution domain
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <sys/personality.h>
-.P
-.BI "int personality(unsigned long " persona );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-Linux supports different execution domains, or personalities, for each
-process.
-Among other things, execution domains tell Linux how to map
-signal numbers into signal actions.
-The execution domain system allows
-Linux to provide limited support for binaries compiled under other
-UNIX-like operating systems.
-.P
-If
-.I persona
-is not
-0xffffffff, then
-.BR personality ()
-sets the caller's execution domain to the value specified by
-.IR persona .
-Specifying
-.I persona
-as 0xffffffff provides a way of retrieving
-the current persona without changing it.
-.P
-A list of the available execution domains can be found in
-.IR <sys/personality.h> .
-The execution domain is a 32-bit value in which the top three
-bytes are set aside for flags that cause the kernel to modify the
-behavior of certain system calls so as to emulate historical or
-architectural quirks.
-The least significant byte is a value defining the personality
-the kernel should assume.
-The flag values are as follows:
-.TP
-.BR ADDR_COMPAT_LAYOUT " (since Linux 2.6.9)"
-With this flag set, provide legacy virtual address space layout.
-.TP
-.BR ADDR_NO_RANDOMIZE " (since Linux 2.6.12)"
-With this flag set, disable address-space-layout randomization.
-.TP
-.BR ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT " (since Linux 2.2)"
-Limit the address space to 32 bits.
-.TP
-.BR ADDR_LIMIT_3GB " (since Linux 2.4.0)"
-With this flag set, use 0xc0000000 as the offset at which to search
-a virtual memory chunk on
-.BR mmap (2);
-otherwise use 0xffffe000.
-Applies to 32-bit x86 processes only.
-.TP
-.BR FDPIC_FUNCPTRS " (since Linux 2.6.11)"
-User-space function pointers to signal handlers point
-to descriptors.
-Applies only to ARM if BINFMT_ELF_FDPIC and SuperH.
-.TP
-.BR MMAP_PAGE_ZERO " (since Linux 2.4.0)"
-Map page 0 as read-only
-(to support binaries that depend on this SVr4 behavior).
-.TP
-.BR READ_IMPLIES_EXEC " (since Linux 2.6.8)"
-With this flag set,
-.B PROT_READ
-implies
-.B PROT_EXEC
-for
-.BR mmap (2).
-.TP
-.BR SHORT_INODE " (since Linux 2.4.0)"
-No effect.
-.TP
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-With this flag set,
-.BR select (2),
-.BR pselect (2),
-and
-.BR ppoll (2)
-do not modify the returned timeout argument when
-interrupted by a signal handler.
-.TP
-.BR UNAME26 " (since Linux 3.1)"
-Have
-.BR uname (2)
-report a 2.6.(40+x) version number rather than a MAJOR.x version number.
-Added as a stopgap measure to support broken applications that
-could not handle the
-kernel version-numbering switch from Linux 2.6.x to Linux 3.x.
-.TP
-.BR WHOLE_SECONDS " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-No effect.
-.P
-The available execution domains are:
-.TP
-.BR PER_BSD " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-BSD. (No effects.)
-.TP
-.BR PER_HPUX " (since Linux 2.4)"
-Support for 32-bit HP/UX.
-This support was never complete, and was dropped so that since Linux 4.0,
-this value has no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_IRIX32 " (since Linux 2.2)"
-IRIX 5 32-bit.
-Never fully functional; support dropped in Linux 2.6.27.
-Implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS .
-.TP
-.BR PER_IRIX64 " (since Linux 2.2)"
-IRIX 6 64-bit.
-Implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_IRIXN32 " (since Linux 2.2)"
-IRIX 6 new 32-bit.
-Implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_ISCR4 " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-Implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_LINUX " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-Linux.
-.TP
-.BR PER_LINUX32 " (since Linux 2.2)"
-.BR uname (2)
-returns the name of the 32-bit architecture in the
-.I machine
-field ("i686" instead of "x86_64", &c.).
-.IP
-Under ia64 (Itanium), processes with this personality don't have the
-O_LARGEFILE
-.BR open (2)
-flag forced.
-.IP
-Under 64-bit ARM, setting this personality is forbidden if
-.BR execve (2)ing
-a 32-bit process would also be forbidden
-(cf. the allow_mismatched_32bit_el0 kernel parameter and
-.IR Documentation/arm64/asymmetric-32bit.rst ).
-.TP
-.BR PER_LINUX32_3GB " (since Linux 2.4)"
-Same as
-.BR PER_LINUX32 ,
-but implies
-.BR ADDR_LIMIT_3GB .
-.TP
-.BR PER_LINUX_32BIT " (since Linux 2.0)"
-Same as
-.BR PER_LINUX ,
-but implies
-.BR ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT .
-.TP
-.BR PER_LINUX_FDPIC " (since Linux 2.6.11)"
-Same as
-.BR PER_LINUX ,
-but implies
-.BR FDPIC_FUNCPTRS .
-.TP
-.BR PER_OSF4 " (since Linux 2.4)"
-OSF/1 v4.
-.\" commit 987f20a9dcce3989e48d87cff3952c095c994445
-No effect since Linux 6.1, which removed a.out binary support.
-Before, on alpha,
-.\" Following is from a comment in arch/alpha/kernel/osf_sys.c
-would clear top 32 bits of iov_len in the user's buffer for
-compatibility with old versions of OSF/1 where iov_len
-was defined as.
-.IR int .
-.TP
-.BR PER_OSR5 " (since Linux 2.4)"
-SCO OpenServer 5.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR WHOLE_SECONDS ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_RISCOS " (since Linux 2.3.7; macro since Linux 2.3.13)"
-Acorn RISC OS/Arthur (MIPS).
-No effect.
-.\" commit 125ec7b4e90cbae4eed5a7ff1ee479cc331dcf3c
-Up to Linux v4.0, would set the emulation altroot to
-.I /usr/gnemul/riscos
-(cf.\&
-.BR PER_SUNOS ,
-below).
-Before then, up to Linux 2.6.3, just Arthur emulation.
-.TP
-.BR PER_SCOSVR3 " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-SCO UNIX System V Release 3.
-Same as
-.BR PER_OSR5 ,
-but also implies
-.BR SHORT_INODE .
-.TP
-.BR PER_SOLARIS " (since Linux 2.4)"
-Solaris.
-Implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_SUNOS " (since Linux 2.4.0)"
-Sun OS.
-Same as
-.BR PER_BSD ,
-but implies
-.BR STICKY_TIMEOUTS .
-Prior to Linux 2.6.26,
-diverted library and dynamic linker searches to
-.IR /usr/gnemul .
-Buggy, largely unmaintained, and almost entirely unused.
-.TP
-.BR PER_SVR3 " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-AT&T UNIX System V Release 3.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR SHORT_INODE ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_SVR4 " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-AT&T UNIX System V Release 4.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR MMAP_PAGE_ZERO ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_UW7 " (since Linux 2.4)"
-UnixWare 7.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR MMAP_PAGE_ZERO ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_WYSEV386 " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-WYSE UNIX System V/386.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR SHORT_INODE ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.TP
-.BR PER_XENIX " (since Linux 1.2.0)"
-XENIX.
-Implies
-.B STICKY_TIMEOUTS
-and
-.BR SHORT_INODE ;
-otherwise no effect.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, the previous
-.I persona
-is returned.
-On error, \-1 is returned, and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-The kernel was unable to change the personality.
-.SH STANDARDS
-Linux.
-.SH HISTORY
-Linux 1.1.20,
-.\" (and thus first in a stable kernel release with Linux 1.2.0)
-glibc 2.3.
-.\" personality wrapper first appeared in glibc 1.90,
-.\" <sys/personality.h> was added later in glibc 2.2.91.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR setarch (8)