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-.\" Copyright (c) 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
-.\" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.TH end 3 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-etext, edata, end \- end of program segments
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.BI extern " etext" ;
-.BI extern " edata" ;
-.BI extern " end" ;
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The addresses of these symbols indicate the end of various program
-segments:
-.TP
-.I etext
-This is the first address past the end of the text segment
-(the program code).
-.TP
-.I edata
-This is the first address past the end of the
-initialized data segment.
-.TP
-.I end
-This is the first address past the end of the
-uninitialized data segment (also known as the BSS segment).
-.SH STANDARDS
-None.
-.SH HISTORY
-Although these symbols have long been provided on most UNIX systems,
-they are not standardized; use with caution.
-.SH NOTES
-The program must explicitly declare these symbols;
-they are not defined in any header file.
-.P
-On some systems the names of these symbols are preceded by underscores,
-thus:
-.IR _etext ,
-.IR _edata ,
-and
-.IR _end .
-These symbols are also defined for programs compiled on Linux.
-.P
-At the start of program execution,
-the program break will be somewhere near
-.I &end
-(perhaps at the start of the following page).
-However, the break will change as memory is allocated via
-.BR brk (2)
-or
-.BR malloc (3).
-Use
-.BR sbrk (2)
-with an argument of zero to find the current value of the program break.
-.SH EXAMPLES
-When run, the program below produces output such as the following:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-.RB "$" " ./a.out"
-First address past:
- program text (etext) 0x8048568
- initialized data (edata) 0x804a01c
- uninitialized data (end) 0x804a024
-.EE
-.in
-.SS Program source
-\&
-.\" SRC BEGIN (end.c)
-.EX
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-\&
-extern char etext, edata, end; /* The symbols must have some type,
- or "gcc \-Wall" complains */
-\&
-int
-main(void)
-{
- printf("First address past:\en");
- printf(" program text (etext) %10p\en", &etext);
- printf(" initialized data (edata) %10p\en", &edata);
- printf(" uninitialized data (end) %10p\en", &end);
-\&
- exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-}
-.EE
-.\" SRC END
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR objdump (1),
-.BR readelf (1),
-.BR sbrk (2),
-.BR elf (5)