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Diffstat (limited to 'man3/end.3')
-rw-r--r-- | man3/end.3 | 96 |
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diff --git a/man3/end.3 b/man3/end.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 1eb07fd..0000000 --- a/man3/end.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,96 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk -.\" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> -.\" -.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft -.\" -.TH end 3 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7" -.SH NAME -etext, edata, end \- end of program segments -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.BI extern " etext" ; -.BI extern " edata" ; -.BI extern " end" ; -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -The addresses of these symbols indicate the end of various program -segments: -.TP -.I etext -This is the first address past the end of the text segment -(the program code). -.TP -.I edata -This is the first address past the end of the -initialized data segment. -.TP -.I end -This is the first address past the end of the -uninitialized data segment (also known as the BSS segment). -.SH STANDARDS -None. -.SH HISTORY -Although these symbols have long been provided on most UNIX systems, -they are not standardized; use with caution. -.SH NOTES -The program must explicitly declare these symbols; -they are not defined in any header file. -.P -On some systems the names of these symbols are preceded by underscores, -thus: -.IR _etext , -.IR _edata , -and -.IR _end . -These symbols are also defined for programs compiled on Linux. -.P -At the start of program execution, -the program break will be somewhere near -.I &end -(perhaps at the start of the following page). -However, the break will change as memory is allocated via -.BR brk (2) -or -.BR malloc (3). -Use -.BR sbrk (2) -with an argument of zero to find the current value of the program break. -.SH EXAMPLES -When run, the program below produces output such as the following: -.P -.in +4n -.EX -.RB "$" " ./a.out" -First address past: - program text (etext) 0x8048568 - initialized data (edata) 0x804a01c - uninitialized data (end) 0x804a024 -.EE -.in -.SS Program source -\& -.\" SRC BEGIN (end.c) -.EX -#include <stdio.h> -#include <stdlib.h> -\& -extern char etext, edata, end; /* The symbols must have some type, - or "gcc \-Wall" complains */ -\& -int -main(void) -{ - printf("First address past:\en"); - printf(" program text (etext) %10p\en", &etext); - printf(" initialized data (edata) %10p\en", &edata); - printf(" uninitialized data (end) %10p\en", &end); -\& - exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); -} -.EE -.\" SRC END -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR objdump (1), -.BR readelf (1), -.BR sbrk (2), -.BR elf (5) |