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-.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.\"
-.\" 5 Oct 2002, Modified by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" Updated for POSIX.1 2001
-.\" 2004-12-17 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>, mtk
-.\" Removed errno declaration prototype, added notes
-.\" 2006-02-09 Kurt Wall, mtk
-.\" Added non-POSIX errors
-.\"
-.TH errno 3 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-errno \- number of last error
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <errno.h>
-.\".P
-.\".BI "extern int " errno ;
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The
-.I <errno.h>
-header file defines the integer variable
-.IR errno ,
-which is set by system calls and some library functions in the event
-of an error to indicate what went wrong.
-.\"
-.SS errno
-The value in
-.I errno
-is significant only when the return value of
-the call indicated an error
-(i.e., \-1 from most system calls;
-\-1 or NULL from most library functions);
-a function that succeeds
-.I is
-allowed to change
-.IR errno .
-The value of
-.I errno
-is never set to zero by any system call or library function.
-.P
-For some system calls and library functions (e.g.,
-.BR getpriority (2)),
-\-1 is a valid return on success.
-In such cases, a successful return can be distinguished from an error
-return by setting
-.I errno
-to zero before the call, and then,
-if the call returns a status that indicates that an error
-may have occurred, checking to see if
-.I errno
-has a nonzero value.
-.P
-.I errno
-is defined by the ISO C standard to be a modifiable lvalue
-of type
-.IR int ,
-and must not be explicitly declared;
-.I errno
-may be a macro.
-.I errno
-is thread-local; setting it in one thread
-does not affect its value in any other thread.
-.\"
-.SS Error numbers and names
-Valid error numbers are all positive numbers.
-The
-.I <errno.h>
-header file defines symbolic names for each
-of the possible error numbers that may appear in
-.IR errno .
-.P
-All the error names specified by POSIX.1
-must have distinct values, with the exception of
-.B EAGAIN
-and
-.BR EWOULDBLOCK ,
-which may be the same.
-On Linux, these two have the same value on all architectures.
-.P
-The error numbers that correspond to each symbolic name
-vary across UNIX systems,
-and even across different architectures on Linux.
-Therefore, numeric values are not included as part of the list of
-error names below.
-The
-.BR perror (3)
-and
-.BR strerror (3)
-functions can be used to convert these names to
-corresponding textual error messages.
-.P
-On any particular Linux system,
-one can obtain a list of all symbolic error names and
-the corresponding error numbers using the
-.BR errno (1)
-command (part of the
-.I moreutils
-package):
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-$ \fBerrno \-l\fP
-EPERM 1 Operation not permitted
-ENOENT 2 No such file or directory
-ESRCH 3 No such process
-EINTR 4 Interrupted system call
-EIO 5 Input/output error
-\&...
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-The
-.BR errno (1)
-command can also be used to look up individual error numbers and names,
-and to search for errors using strings from the error description,
-as in the following examples:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-$ \fBerrno 2\fP
-ENOENT 2 No such file or directory
-$ \fBerrno ESRCH\fP
-ESRCH 3 No such process
-$ \fBerrno \-s permission\fP
-EACCES 13 Permission denied
-.EE
-.in
-.\".P
-.\" POSIX.1 (2001 edition) lists the following symbolic error names. Of
-.\" these, \fBEDOM\fP and \fBERANGE\fP are in the ISO C standard. ISO C
-.\" Amendment 1 defines the additional error number \fBEILSEQ\fP for
-.\" coding errors in multibyte or wide characters.
-.\"
-.SS List of error names
-In the list of the symbolic error names below,
-various names are marked as follows:
-.TP
-.I POSIX.1-2001
-The name is defined by POSIX.1-2001,
-and is defined in later POSIX.1 versions, unless otherwise indicated.
-.TP
-.I POSIX.1-2008
-The name is defined in POSIX.1-2008,
-but was not present in earlier POSIX.1 standards.
-.TP
-.I C99
-The name is defined by C99.
-.P
-Below is a list of the symbolic error names that are defined on Linux:
-.TP 16
-.B E2BIG
-Argument list too long (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EACCES
-Permission denied (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EADDRINUSE
-Address already in use (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
-Address not available (POSIX.1-2001).
-.\" EADV is only an error on HURD(?)
-.TP
-.B EAFNOSUPPORT
-Address family not supported (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EAGAIN
-Resource temporarily unavailable (may be the same value as
-.BR EWOULDBLOCK )
-(POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EALREADY
-Connection already in progress (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EBADE
-Invalid exchange.
-.TP
-.B EBADF
-Bad file descriptor (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EBADFD
-File descriptor in bad state.
-.TP
-.B EBADMSG
-Bad message (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EBADR
-Invalid request descriptor.
-.TP
-.B EBADRQC
-Invalid request code.
-.TP
-.B EBADSLT
-Invalid slot.
-.\" EBFONT is defined but appears not to be used by kernel or glibc.
-.TP
-.B EBUSY
-Device or resource busy (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ECANCELED
-Operation canceled (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ECHILD
-No child processes (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ECHRNG
-Channel number out of range.
-.TP
-.B ECOMM
-Communication error on send.
-.TP
-.B ECONNABORTED
-Connection aborted (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ECONNREFUSED
-Connection refused (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ECONNRESET
-Connection reset (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EDEADLK
-Resource deadlock avoided (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EDEADLOCK
-On most architectures, a synonym for
-.BR EDEADLK .
-On some architectures (e.g., Linux MIPS, PowerPC, SPARC),
-it is a separate error code "File locking deadlock error".
-.TP
-.B EDESTADDRREQ
-Destination address required (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EDOM
-Mathematics argument out of domain of function (POSIX.1, C99).
-.\" EDOTDOT is defined but appears to be unused
-.TP
-.B EDQUOT
-.\" POSIX just says "Reserved"
-Disk quota exceeded (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EEXIST
-File exists (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EFAULT
-Bad address (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EFBIG
-File too large (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EHOSTDOWN
-Host is down.
-.TP
-.B EHOSTUNREACH
-Host is unreachable (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EHWPOISON
-Memory page has hardware error.
-.TP
-.B EIDRM
-Identifier removed (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EILSEQ
-Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character (POSIX.1, C99).
-.IP
-The text shown here is the glibc error description;
-in POSIX.1, this error is described as "Illegal byte sequence".
-.TP
-.B EINPROGRESS
-Operation in progress (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EINTR
-Interrupted function call (POSIX.1-2001); see
-.BR signal (7).
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-Invalid argument (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EIO
-Input/output error (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EISCONN
-Socket is connected (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EISDIR
-Is a directory (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EISNAM
-Is a named type file.
-.TP
-.B EKEYEXPIRED
-Key has expired.
-.TP
-.B EKEYREJECTED
-Key was rejected by service.
-.TP
-.B EKEYREVOKED
-Key has been revoked.
-.TP
-.B EL2HLT
-Level 2 halted.
-.TP
-.B EL2NSYNC
-Level 2 not synchronized.
-.TP
-.B EL3HLT
-Level 3 halted.
-.TP
-.B EL3RST
-Level 3 reset.
-.TP
-.B ELIBACC
-Cannot access a needed shared library.
-.TP
-.B ELIBBAD
-Accessing a corrupted shared library.
-.TP
-.B ELIBMAX
-Attempting to link in too many shared libraries.
-.TP
-.B ELIBSCN
-\&.lib section in a.out corrupted
-.TP
-.B ELIBEXEC
-Cannot exec a shared library directly.
-.TP
-.B ELNRNG
-.\" ELNRNG appears to be used by a few drivers
-Link number out of range.
-.TP
-.B ELOOP
-Too many levels of symbolic links (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EMEDIUMTYPE
-Wrong medium type.
-.TP
-.B EMFILE
-Too many open files (POSIX.1-2001).
-Commonly caused by exceeding the
-.B RLIMIT_NOFILE
-resource limit described in
-.BR getrlimit (2).
-Can also be caused by exceeding the limit specified in
-.IR /proc/sys/fs/nr_open .
-.TP
-.B EMLINK
-Too many links (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EMSGSIZE
-Message too long (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EMULTIHOP
-.\" POSIX says "Reserved"
-Multihop attempted (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENAMETOOLONG
-Filename too long (POSIX.1-2001).
-.\" ENAVAIL is defined, but appears not to be used
-.TP
-.B ENETDOWN
-Network is down (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENETRESET
-Connection aborted by network (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENETUNREACH
-Network unreachable (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENFILE
-Too many open files in system (POSIX.1-2001).
-On Linux, this is probably a result of encountering the
-.I /proc/sys/fs/file\-max
-limit (see
-.BR proc (5)).
-.TP
-.B ENOANO
-.\" ENOANO appears to be used by a few drivers
-No anode.
-.TP
-.B ENOBUFS
-No buffer space available (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)).
-.\" ENOCSI is defined but appears to be unused.
-.TP
-.B ENODATA
-The named attribute does not exist,
-or the process has no access to this attribute; see
-.BR xattr (7).
-.IP
-In POSIX.1-2001 (XSI STREAMS option),
-this error was described as
-"No message is available on the STREAM head read queue".
-.TP
-.B ENODEV
-No such device (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOENT
-No such file or directory (POSIX.1-2001).
-.IP
-Typically, this error results when a specified pathname does not exist,
-or one of the components in the directory prefix of a pathname does not exist,
-or the specified pathname is a dangling symbolic link.
-.TP
-.B ENOEXEC
-Exec format error (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOKEY
-Required key not available.
-.TP
-.B ENOLCK
-No locks available (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOLINK
-.\" POSIX says "Reserved"
-Link has been severed (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOMEDIUM
-No medium found.
-.TP
-.B ENOMEM
-Not enough space/cannot allocate memory (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOMSG
-No message of the desired type (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENONET
-Machine is not on the network.
-.TP
-.B ENOPKG
-Package not installed.
-.TP
-.B ENOPROTOOPT
-Protocol not available (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOSPC
-No space left on device (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOSR
-No STREAM resources (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)).
-.TP
-.B ENOSTR
-Not a STREAM (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)).
-.TP
-.B ENOSYS
-Function not implemented (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTBLK
-Block device required.
-.TP
-.B ENOTCONN
-The socket is not connected (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTDIR
-Not a directory (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTEMPTY
-Directory not empty (POSIX.1-2001).
-.\" ENOTNAM is defined but appears to be unused.
-.TP
-.B ENOTRECOVERABLE
-State not recoverable (POSIX.1-2008).
-.TP
-.B ENOTSOCK
-Not a socket (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTSUP
-Operation not supported (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTTY
-Inappropriate I/O control operation (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ENOTUNIQ
-Name not unique on network.
-.TP
-.B ENXIO
-No such device or address (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EOPNOTSUPP
-Operation not supported on socket (POSIX.1-2001).
-.IP
-.RB ( ENOTSUP
-and
-.B EOPNOTSUPP
-have the same value on Linux, but
-according to POSIX.1 these error values should be distinct.)
-.TP
-.B EOVERFLOW
-Value too large to be stored in data type (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EOWNERDEAD
-.\" Used at least by the user-space side of rubost mutexes
-Owner died (POSIX.1-2008).
-.TP
-.B EPERM
-Operation not permitted (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EPFNOSUPPORT
-Protocol family not supported.
-.TP
-.B EPIPE
-Broken pipe (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EPROTO
-Protocol error (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EPROTONOSUPPORT
-Protocol not supported (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EPROTOTYPE
-Protocol wrong type for socket (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ERANGE
-Result too large (POSIX.1, C99).
-.TP
-.B EREMCHG
-Remote address changed.
-.TP
-.B EREMOTE
-Object is remote.
-.TP
-.B EREMOTEIO
-Remote I/O error.
-.TP
-.B ERESTART
-Interrupted system call should be restarted.
-.TP
-.B ERFKILL
-.\" ERFKILL appears to be used by various drivers
-Operation not possible due to RF-kill.
-.TP
-.B EROFS
-Read-only filesystem (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ESHUTDOWN
-Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown.
-.TP
-.B ESPIPE
-Invalid seek (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
-Socket type not supported.
-.TP
-.B ESRCH
-No such process (POSIX.1-2001).
-.\" ESRMNT is defined but appears not to be used
-.TP
-.B ESTALE
-Stale file handle (POSIX.1-2001).
-.IP
-This error can occur for NFS and for other filesystems.
-.TP
-.B ESTRPIPE
-Streams pipe error.
-.TP
-.B ETIME
-Timer expired
-(POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)).
-.IP
-(POSIX.1 says "STREAM
-.BR ioctl (2)
-timeout".)
-.TP
-.B ETIMEDOUT
-Connection timed out (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B ETOOMANYREFS
-.\" ETOOMANYREFS seems to be used in net/unix/af_unix.c
-Too many references: cannot splice.
-.TP
-.B ETXTBSY
-Text file busy (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EUCLEAN
-Structure needs cleaning.
-.TP
-.B EUNATCH
-Protocol driver not attached.
-.TP
-.B EUSERS
-Too many users.
-.TP
-.B EWOULDBLOCK
-Operation would block (may be same value as
-.BR EAGAIN )
-(POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EXDEV
-Invalid cross-device link (POSIX.1-2001).
-.TP
-.B EXFULL
-Exchange full.
-.SH NOTES
-A common mistake is to do
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-if (somecall() == \-1) {
- printf("somecall() failed\en");
- if (errno == ...) { ... }
-}
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-where
-.I errno
-no longer needs to have the value it had upon return from
-.IR somecall ()
-(i.e., it may have been changed by the
-.BR printf (3)).
-If the value of
-.I errno
-should be preserved across a library call, it must be saved:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-if (somecall() == \-1) {
- int errsv = errno;
- printf("somecall() failed\en");
- if (errsv == ...) { ... }
-}
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-Note that the POSIX threads APIs do
-.I not
-set
-.I errno
-on error.
-Instead, on failure they return an error number as the function result.
-These error numbers have the same meanings as the error numbers returned in
-.I errno
-by other APIs.
-.P
-On some ancient systems,
-.I <errno.h>
-was not present or did not declare
-.IR errno ,
-so that it was necessary to declare
-.I errno
-manually
-(i.e.,
-.IR "extern int errno" ).
-.BR "Do not do this" .
-It long ago ceased to be necessary,
-and it will cause problems with modern versions of the C library.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR errno (1), \" In the moreutils package
-.BR err (3),
-.BR error (3),
-.BR perror (3),
-.BR strerror (3)