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diff --git a/man7/ascii.7 b/man7/ascii.7 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13f5578 --- /dev/null +++ b/man7/ascii.7 @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ +'\" t +.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) +.\" +.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +.\" +.\" Created 1993-04-02 by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) +.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) +.\" Modified 1994-05-15 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) +.\" Modified 1994-11-22 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) +.\" Modified 1995-07-11 by Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com) +.\" Modified 1996-12-18 by Michael Haardt and aeb +.\" Modified 1999-05-31 by Dimitri Papadopoulos (dpo@club-internet.fr) +.\" Modified 1999-08-08 by Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de) +.\" Modified 2004-04-01 by aeb +.\" +.TH ascii 7 2023-05-02 "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" +.SH NAME +ascii \- ASCII character set encoded in octal, decimal, +and hexadecimal +.SH DESCRIPTION +ASCII is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. +It is a 7-bit code. +Many 8-bit codes (e.g., ISO 8859-1) contain ASCII as their lower half. +The international counterpart of ASCII is known as ISO 646-IRV. +.PP +The following table contains the 128 ASCII characters. +.PP +C program \f(CW\[aq]\eX\[aq]\fP escapes are noted. +.PP +.EX +.TS +l l l l | l l l l. +Oct Dec Hex Char Oct Dec Hex Char +_ +000 0 00 NUL \[aq]\e0\[aq] (null character) 100 64 40 @ +001 1 01 SOH (start of heading) 101 65 41 A +002 2 02 STX (start of text) 102 66 42 B +003 3 03 ETX (end of text) 103 67 43 C +004 4 04 EOT (end of transmission) 104 68 44 D +005 5 05 ENQ (enquiry) 105 69 45 E +006 6 06 ACK (acknowledge) 106 70 46 F +007 7 07 BEL \[aq]\ea\[aq] (bell) 107 71 47 G +010 8 08 BS \[aq]\eb\[aq] (backspace) 110 72 48 H +011 9 09 HT \[aq]\et\[aq] (horizontal tab) 111 73 49 I +012 10 0A LF \[aq]\en\[aq] (new line) 112 74 4A J +013 11 0B VT \[aq]\ev\[aq] (vertical tab) 113 75 4B K +014 12 0C FF \[aq]\ef\[aq] (form feed) 114 76 4C L +015 13 0D CR \[aq]\er\[aq] (carriage ret) 115 77 4D M +016 14 0E SO (shift out) 116 78 4E N +017 15 0F SI (shift in) 117 79 4F O +020 16 10 DLE (data link escape) 120 80 50 P +021 17 11 DC1 (device control 1) 121 81 51 Q +022 18 12 DC2 (device control 2) 122 82 52 R +023 19 13 DC3 (device control 3) 123 83 53 S +024 20 14 DC4 (device control 4) 124 84 54 T +025 21 15 NAK (negative ack.) 125 85 55 U +026 22 16 SYN (synchronous idle) 126 86 56 V +027 23 17 ETB (end of trans. blk) 127 87 57 W +030 24 18 CAN (cancel) 130 88 58 X +031 25 19 EM (end of medium) 131 89 59 Y +032 26 1A SUB (substitute) 132 90 5A Z +033 27 1B ESC (escape) 133 91 5B [ +034 28 1C FS (file separator) 134 92 5C \e \[aq]\e\e\[aq] +035 29 1D GS (group separator) 135 93 5D ] +036 30 1E RS (record separator) 136 94 5E \[ha] +037 31 1F US (unit separator) 137 95 5F \&_ +040 32 20 SPACE 140 96 60 \` +041 33 21 ! 141 97 61 a +042 34 22 " 142 98 62 b +043 35 23 # 143 99 63 c +044 36 24 $ 144 100 64 d +045 37 25 % 145 101 65 e +046 38 26 & 146 102 66 f +047 39 27 \[aq] 147 103 67 g +050 40 28 ( 150 104 68 h +051 41 29 ) 151 105 69 i +052 42 2A * 152 106 6A j +053 43 2B + 153 107 6B k +054 44 2C , 154 108 6C l +055 45 2D \- 155 109 6D m +056 46 2E . 156 110 6E n +057 47 2F / 157 111 6F o +060 48 30 0 160 112 70 p +061 49 31 1 161 113 71 q +062 50 32 2 162 114 72 r +063 51 33 3 163 115 73 s +064 52 34 4 164 116 74 t +065 53 35 5 165 117 75 u +066 54 36 6 166 118 76 v +067 55 37 7 167 119 77 w +070 56 38 8 170 120 78 x +071 57 39 9 171 121 79 y +072 58 3A : 172 122 7A z +073 59 3B ; 173 123 7B { +074 60 3C < 174 124 7C | +075 61 3D = 175 125 7D } +076 62 3E > 176 126 7E \[ti] +077 63 3F ? 177 127 7F DEL +.TE +.EE +.SS Tables +For convenience, below are more compact tables in hex and decimal. +.PP +.EX + 2 3 4 5 6 7 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 + ------------- --------------------------------- +0: 0 @ P \` p 0: ( 2 < F P Z d n x +1: ! 1 A Q a q 1: ) 3 = G Q [ e o y +2: " 2 B R b r 2: * 4 > H R \e f p z +3: # 3 C S c s 3: ! + 5 ? I S ] g q { +4: $ 4 D T d t 4: " , 6 @ J T \[ha] h r | +5: % 5 E U e u 5: # \- 7 A K U _ i s } +6: & 6 F V f v 6: $ . 8 B L V \` j t \[ti] +7: \[aq] 7 G W g w 7: % / 9 C M W a k u DEL +8: ( 8 H X h x 8: & 0 : D N X b l v +9: ) 9 I Y i y 9: \[aq] 1 ; E O Y c m w +A: * : J Z j z +B: + ; K [ k { +C: , < L \e l | +D: \- = M ] m } +E: . > N \[ha] n \[ti] +F: / ? O _ o DEL +.EE +.SH NOTES +.SS History +/etc/ascii (VII) appears in the UNIX Programmer's Manual. +.PP +On older terminals, the underscore code is displayed as a left arrow, +called backarrow, the caret is displayed as an up-arrow and the vertical +bar has a hole in the middle. +.PP +Uppercase and lowercase characters differ by just one bit and the +ASCII character 2 differs from the double quote by just one bit, too. +That made it much easier to encode characters mechanically or with a +non-microcontroller-based electronic keyboard and that pairing was found +on old teletypes. +.PP +The ASCII standard was published by the United States of America +Standards Institute (USASI) in 1968. +.\" +.\" ASA was the American Standards Association and X3 was an ASA sectional +.\" committee on computers and data processing. Its name changed to +.\" American National Standards Committee X3 (ANSC-X3) and now it is known +.\" as Accredited Standards Committee X3 (ASC X3). It is accredited by ANSI +.\" and administered by ITI. The subcommittee X3.2 worked on coded +.\" character sets; the task group working on ASCII appears to have been +.\" designated X3.2.4. In 1966, ASA became the United States of America +.\" Standards Institute (USASI) and published ASCII in 1968. It became the +.\" American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1969 and is the +.\" U.S. member body of ISO; private and nonprofit. +.\" +.SH SEE ALSO +.BR charsets (7), +.BR iso_8859\-1 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-2 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-3 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-4 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-5 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-6 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-7 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-8 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-9 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-10 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-11 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-13 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-14 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-15 (7), +.BR iso_8859\-16 (7), +.BR utf\-8 (7) |