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l---------man81
-rw-r--r--man8/iconvconfig.892
-rw-r--r--man8/intro.829
-rw-r--r--man8/ld-linux.81
-rw-r--r--man8/ld-linux.so.81
-rw-r--r--man8/ld.so.8930
-rw-r--r--man8/ldconfig.8204
-rw-r--r--man8/nscd.884
-rw-r--r--man8/sln.844
-rw-r--r--man8/tzselect.8125
-rw-r--r--man8/zdump.8230
-rw-r--r--man8/zic.8894
12 files changed, 1 insertions, 2634 deletions
diff --git a/man8 b/man8
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+man/man8 \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/man8/iconvconfig.8 b/man8/iconvconfig.8
deleted file mode 100644
index ab931d7..0000000
--- a/man8/iconvconfig.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright (C) 2014 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.\"
-.TH iconvconfig 8 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-iconvconfig \- create iconv module configuration cache
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B iconvconfig
-.RI [ options ]
-.RI [ directory ]...
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The
-.BR iconv (3)
-function internally uses
-.I gconv
-modules to convert to and from a character set.
-A configuration file is used to determine the needed modules
-for a conversion.
-Loading and parsing such a configuration file would slow down
-programs that use
-.BR iconv (3),
-so a caching mechanism is employed.
-.P
-The
-.B iconvconfig
-program reads iconv module configuration files and writes
-a fast-loading gconv module configuration cache file.
-.P
-In addition to the system provided gconv modules, the user can specify
-custom gconv module directories with the environment variable
-.BR GCONV_PATH .
-However, iconv module configuration caching is used only when
-the environment variable
-.B GCONV_PATH
-is not set.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.B "\-\-nostdlib"
-Do not search the system default gconv directory,
-only the directories provided on the command line.
-.TP
-.BI \-\-output= outputfile
-.TQ
-.BI \-o\~ outputfile
-Use
-.I outputfile
-for output instead of the system default cache location.
-.TP
-.BI \-\-prefix= pathname
-Set the prefix to be prepended to the system pathnames.
-See FILES, below.
-By default, the prefix is empty.
-Setting the prefix to
-.IR foo ,
-the gconv module configuration would be read from
-.I foo/usr/lib/gconv/gconv\-modules
-and the cache would be written to
-.IR foo/usr/lib/gconv/gconv\-modules.cache .
-.TP
-.B \-\-help
-.TQ
-.B \-?
-Print a usage summary and exit.
-.TP
-.B \-\-usage
-Print a short usage summary and exit.
-.TP
-.B \-\-version
-.TQ
-.B \-V
-Print the version number, license, and disclaimer of warranty for
-.BR iconv .
-.SH EXIT STATUS
-Zero on success, nonzero on errors.
-.SH FILES
-.TP
-.I /usr/lib/gconv
-Usual default gconv module path.
-.TP
-.I /usr/lib/gconv/gconv\-modules
-Usual system default gconv module configuration file.
-.TP
-.I /usr/lib/gconv/gconv\-modules.cache
-Usual system gconv module configuration cache.
-.P
-Depending on the architecture,
-the above files may instead be located at directories with the path prefix
-.IR /usr/lib64 .
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR iconv (1),
-.BR iconv (3)
diff --git a/man8/intro.8 b/man8/intro.8
deleted file mode 100644
index c1368eb..0000000
--- a/man8/intro.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de),
-.\" Fri Apr 2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993
-.\" and Copyright (C) 2007 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.\"
-.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 17:35:48 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" 2007-10-23 mtk: minor rewrites, and added paragraph on exit status
-.\"
-.TH intro 8 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-intro \- introduction to administration and privileged commands
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-Section 8 of the manual describes commands
-which either can be or are used only by the superuser,
-like system-administration commands, daemons,
-and hardware-related commands.
-.P
-As with the commands described in Section 1, the commands described
-in this section terminate with an exit status that indicates
-whether the command succeeded or failed.
-See
-.BR intro (1)
-for more information.
-.SH NOTES
-.SS Authors and copyright conditions
-Look at the header of the manual page source for the author(s) and copyright
-conditions.
-Note that these can be different from page to page!
diff --git a/man8/ld-linux.8 b/man8/ld-linux.8
deleted file mode 100644
index c575620..0000000
--- a/man8/ld-linux.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-.so man8/ld.so.8
diff --git a/man8/ld-linux.so.8 b/man8/ld-linux.so.8
deleted file mode 100644
index c575620..0000000
--- a/man8/ld-linux.so.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-.so man8/ld.so.8
diff --git a/man8/ld.so.8 b/man8/ld.so.8
deleted file mode 100644
index 8767b50..0000000
--- a/man8/ld.so.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,930 +0,0 @@
-.\" %%%LICENSE_START(PUBLIC_DOMAIN)
-.\" This is in the public domain
-.\" %%%LICENSE_END
-.\" Various parts:
-.\" Copyright (C) 2007-9, 2013, 2016 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.TH ld.so 8 2024-02-12 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-ld.so, ld\-linux.so \- dynamic linker/loader
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-The dynamic linker can be run either indirectly by running some
-dynamically linked program or shared object
-(in which case no command-line options
-to the dynamic linker can be passed and, in the ELF case, the dynamic linker
-which is stored in the
-.B .interp
-section of the program is executed) or directly by running:
-.P
-.I /lib/ld\-linux.so.*
-[OPTIONS] [PROGRAM [ARGUMENTS]]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The programs
-.B ld.so
-and
-.B ld\-linux.so*
-find and load the shared objects (shared libraries) needed by a program,
-prepare the program to run, and then run it.
-.P
-Linux binaries require dynamic linking (linking at run time)
-unless the
-.B \-static
-option was given to
-.BR ld (1)
-during compilation.
-.P
-The program
-.B ld.so
-handles a.out binaries, a binary format used long ago.
-The program
-.B ld\-linux.so*
-(\fI/lib/ld\-linux.so.1\fP for libc5, \fI/lib/ld\-linux.so.2\fP for glibc2)
-handles binaries that are in the more modern ELF format.
-Both programs have the same behavior, and use the same
-support files and programs
-.RB ( ldd (1),
-.BR ldconfig (8),
-and
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf ).
-.P
-When resolving shared object dependencies,
-the dynamic linker first inspects each dependency
-string to see if it contains a slash (this can occur if
-a shared object pathname containing slashes was specified at link time).
-If a slash is found, then the dependency string is interpreted as
-a (relative or absolute) pathname,
-and the shared object is loaded using that pathname.
-.P
-If a shared object dependency does not contain a slash,
-then it is searched for in the following order:
-.IP (1) 5
-Using the directories specified in the
-DT_RPATH dynamic section attribute
-of the binary if present and DT_RUNPATH attribute does not exist.
-Use of DT_RPATH is deprecated.
-.IP (2)
-Using the environment variable
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH ,
-unless the executable is being run in secure-execution mode (see below),
-in which case this variable is ignored.
-.IP (3)
-Using the directories specified in the
-DT_RUNPATH dynamic section attribute
-of the binary if present.
-Such directories are searched only to
-find those objects required by DT_NEEDED (direct dependencies) entries
-and do not apply to those objects' children,
-which must themselves have their own DT_RUNPATH entries.
-This is unlike DT_RPATH, which is applied
-to searches for all children in the dependency tree.
-.IP (4)
-From the cache file
-.IR /etc/ld.so.cache ,
-which contains a compiled list of candidate shared objects previously found
-in the augmented library path.
-If, however, the binary was linked with the
-.B \-z nodefaultlib
-linker option, shared objects in the default paths are skipped.
-Shared objects installed in hardware capability directories (see below)
-are preferred to other shared objects.
-.IP (5)
-In the default path
-.IR /lib ,
-and then
-.IR /usr/lib .
-(On some 64-bit architectures, the default paths for 64-bit shared objects are
-.IR /lib64 ,
-and then
-.IR /usr/lib64 .)
-If the binary was linked with the
-.B \-z nodefaultlib
-linker option, this step is skipped.
-.\"
-.SS Dynamic string tokens
-In several places, the dynamic linker expands dynamic string tokens:
-.IP \[bu] 3
-In the environment variables
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH ,
-.BR LD_PRELOAD ,
-and
-.BR LD_AUDIT ,
-.IP \[bu]
-inside the values of the dynamic section tags
-.BR DT_NEEDED ,
-.BR DT_RPATH ,
-.BR DT_RUNPATH ,
-.BR DT_AUDIT ,
-and
-.B DT_DEPAUDIT
-of ELF binaries,
-.IP \[bu]
-in the arguments to the
-.B ld.so
-command line options
-.BR \-\-audit ,
-.BR \-\-library\-path ,
-and
-.B \-\-preload
-(see below), and
-.IP \[bu]
-in the filename arguments to the
-.BR dlopen (3)
-and
-.BR dlmopen (3)
-functions.
-.P
-The substituted tokens are as follows:
-.TP
-.IR $ORIGIN " (or equivalently " ${ORIGIN} )
-This expands to
-the directory containing the program or shared object.
-Thus, an application located in
-.I somedir/app
-could be compiled with
-.IP
-.in +4n
-.EX
-gcc \-Wl,\-rpath,\[aq]$ORIGIN/../lib\[aq]
-.EE
-.in
-.IP
-so that it finds an associated shared object in
-.I somedir/lib
-no matter where
-.I somedir
-is located in the directory hierarchy.
-This facilitates the creation of "turn-key" applications that
-do not need to be installed into special directories,
-but can instead be unpacked into any directory
-and still find their own shared objects.
-.TP
-.IR $LIB " (or equivalently " ${LIB} )
-This expands to
-.I lib
-or
-.I lib64
-depending on the architecture
-(e.g., on x86-64, it expands to
-.I lib64
-and
-on x86-32, it expands to
-.IR lib ).
-.TP
-.IR $PLATFORM " (or equivalently " ${PLATFORM} )
-This expands to a string corresponding to the processor type
-of the host system (e.g., "x86_64").
-On some architectures, the Linux kernel doesn't provide a platform
-string to the dynamic linker.
-The value of this string is taken from the
-.B AT_PLATFORM
-value in the auxiliary vector (see
-.BR getauxval (3)).
-.\" To get an idea of the places that $PLATFORM would match,
-.\" look at the output of the following:
-.\"
-.\" mkdir /tmp/d
-.\" LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tmp/d strace -e open /bin/date 2>&1 | grep /tmp/d
-.\"
-.\" ld.so lets names be abbreviated, so $O will work for $ORIGIN;
-.\" Don't do this!!
-.P
-Note that the dynamic string tokens have to be quoted properly when
-set from a shell,
-to prevent their expansion as shell or environment variables.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.BR \-\-argv0 " \fIstring\fP (since glibc 2.33)"
-Set
-.I argv[0]
-to the value
-.I string
-before running the program.
-.TP
-.BI \-\-audit " list"
-Use objects named in
-.I list
-as auditors.
-The objects in
-.I list
-are delimited by colons.
-.TP
-.BI \-\-glibc-hwcaps-mask " list"
-only search built-in subdirectories if in
-.IR list .
-.TP
-.BI \-\-glibc-hwcaps-prepend " list"
-Search glibc-hwcaps subdirectories in
-.IR list .
-.TP
-.B \-\-inhibit\-cache
-Do not use
-.IR /etc/ld.so.cache .
-.TP
-.BI \-\-library\-path " path"
-Use
-.I path
-instead of
-.B LD_LIBRARY_PATH
-environment variable setting (see below).
-The names
-.IR ORIGIN ,
-.IR LIB ,
-and
-.I PLATFORM
-are interpreted as for the
-.B LD_LIBRARY_PATH
-environment variable.
-.TP
-.BI \-\-inhibit\-rpath " list"
-Ignore RPATH and RUNPATH information in object names in
-.IR list .
-This option is ignored when running in secure-execution mode (see below).
-The objects in
-.I list
-are delimited by colons or spaces.
-.TP
-.B \-\-list
-List all dependencies and how they are resolved.
-.TP
-.BR \-\-list\-diagnostics " (since glibc 2.33)"
-Print system diagnostic information in a machine-readable format,
-such as some internal loader variables,
-the auxiliary vector
-(see
-.BR getauxval (3)),
-and the environment variables.
-On some architectures,
-the command might print additional information
-(like the cpu features used in GNU indirect function selection on x86).
-.BR \-\-list\-tunables " (since glibc 2.33)"
-Print the names and values of all tunables,
-along with the minimum and maximum allowed values.
-.TP
-.BR \-\-preload " \fIlist\fP (since glibc 2.30)"
-Preload the objects specified in
-.IR list .
-The objects in
-.I list
-are delimited by colons or spaces.
-The objects are preloaded as explained in the description of the
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-environment variable below.
-.IP
-By contrast with
-.BR LD_PRELOAD ,
-the
-.B \-\-preload
-option provides a way to perform preloading for a single executable
-without affecting preloading performed in any child process that executes
-a new program.
-.TP
-.B \-\-verify
-Verify that program is dynamically linked and this dynamic linker can handle
-it.
-.SH ENVIRONMENT
-Various environment variables influence the operation of the dynamic linker.
-.\"
-.SS Secure-execution mode
-For security reasons,
-if the dynamic linker determines that a binary should be
-run in secure-execution mode,
-the effects of some environment variables are voided or modified,
-and furthermore those environment variables are stripped from the environment,
-so that the program does not even see the definitions.
-Some of these environment variables affect the operation of
-the dynamic linker itself, and are described below.
-Other environment variables treated in this way include:
-.BR GCONV_PATH ,
-.BR GETCONF_DIR ,
-.BR HOSTALIASES ,
-.BR LOCALDOMAIN ,
-.BR LD_AUDIT ,
-.BR LD_DEBUG ,
-.BR LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT ,
-.BR LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK ,
-.BR LD_HWCAP_MASK ,
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH ,
-.BR LD_ORIGIN_PATH ,
-.BR LD_PRELOAD ,
-.BR LD_PROFILE ,
-.BR LD_SHOW_AUXV ,
-.BR LOCALDOMAIN ,
-.BR LOCPATH ,
-.BR MALLOC_TRACE ,
-.BR NIS_PATH ,
-.BR NLSPATH ,
-.BR RESOLV_HOST_CONF ,
-.BR RES_OPTIONS ,
-.BR TMPDIR ,
-and
-.BR TZDIR .
-.P
-A binary is executed in secure-execution mode if the
-.B AT_SECURE
-entry in the auxiliary vector (see
-.BR getauxval (3))
-has a nonzero value.
-This entry may have a nonzero value for various reasons, including:
-.IP \[bu] 3
-The process's real and effective user IDs differ,
-or the real and effective group IDs differ.
-This typically occurs as a result of executing
-a set-user-ID or set-group-ID program.
-.IP \[bu]
-A process with a non-root user ID executed a binary that
-conferred capabilities to the process.
-.IP \[bu]
-A nonzero value may have been set by a Linux Security Module.
-.\"
-.SS Environment variables
-Among the more important environment variables are the following:
-.TP
-.BR LD_ASSUME_KERNEL " (from glibc 2.2.3 to glibc 2.36)"
-Each shared object can inform the dynamic linker of the minimum kernel ABI
-version that it requires.
-(This requirement is encoded in an ELF note section that is viewable via
-.I readelf\~\-n
-as a section labeled
-.BR NT_GNU_ABI_TAG .)
-At run time,
-the dynamic linker determines the ABI version of the running kernel and
-will reject loading shared objects that specify minimum ABI versions
-that exceed that ABI version.
-.IP
-.B LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
-can be used to
-cause the dynamic linker to assume that it is running on a system with
-a different kernel ABI version.
-For example, the following command line causes the
-dynamic linker to assume it is running on Linux 2.2.5 when loading
-the shared objects required by
-.IR myprog :
-.IP
-.in +4n
-.EX
-$ \fBLD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.2.5 ./myprog\fP
-.EE
-.in
-.IP
-On systems that provide multiple versions of a shared object
-(in different directories in the search path) that have
-different minimum kernel ABI version requirements,
-.B LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
-can be used to select the version of the object that is used
-(dependent on the directory search order).
-.IP
-Historically, the most common use of the
-.B LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
-feature was to manually select the older
-LinuxThreads POSIX threads implementation on systems that provided both
-LinuxThreads and NPTL
-(which latter was typically the default on such systems);
-see
-.BR pthreads (7).
-.TP
-.BR LD_BIND_NOW " (since glibc 2.1.1)"
-If set to a nonempty string,
-causes the dynamic linker to resolve all symbols
-at program startup instead of deferring function call resolution to the point
-when they are first referenced.
-This is useful when using a debugger.
-.TP
-.B LD_LIBRARY_PATH
-A list of directories in which to search for
-ELF libraries at execution time.
-The items in the list are separated by either colons or semicolons,
-and there is no support for escaping either separator.
-A zero-length directory name indicates the current working directory.
-.IP
-This variable is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.IP
-Within the pathnames specified in
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH ,
-the dynamic linker expands the tokens
-.IR $ORIGIN ,
-.IR $LIB ,
-and
-.I $PLATFORM
-(or the versions using curly braces around the names)
-as described above in
-.IR "Dynamic string tokens" .
-Thus, for example,
-the following would cause a library to be searched for in either the
-.I lib
-or
-.I lib64
-subdirectory below the directory containing the program to be executed:
-.IP
-.in +4n
-.EX
-$ \fBLD_LIBRARY_PATH=\[aq]$ORIGIN/$LIB\[aq] prog\fP
-.EE
-.in
-.IP
-(Note the use of single quotes, which prevent expansion of
-.I $ORIGIN
-and
-.I $LIB
-as shell variables!)
-.TP
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-A list of additional, user-specified, ELF shared
-objects to be loaded before all others.
-This feature can be used to selectively override functions
-in other shared objects.
-.IP
-The items of the list can be separated by spaces or colons,
-and there is no support for escaping either separator.
-The objects are searched for using the rules given under DESCRIPTION.
-Objects are searched for and added to the link map in the left-to-right
-order specified in the list.
-.IP
-In secure-execution mode,
-preload pathnames containing slashes are ignored.
-Furthermore, shared objects are preloaded only
-from the standard search directories and only
-if they have set-user-ID mode bit enabled (which is not typical).
-.IP
-Within the names specified in the
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-list, the dynamic linker understands the tokens
-.IR $ORIGIN ,
-.IR $LIB ,
-and
-.I $PLATFORM
-(or the versions using curly braces around the names)
-as described above in
-.IR "Dynamic string tokens" .
-(See also the discussion of quoting under the description of
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH .)
-.\" Tested with the following:
-.\"
-.\" LD_PRELOAD='$LIB/libmod.so' LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./prog
-.\"
-.\" which will preload the libmod.so in 'lib' or 'lib64', using it
-.\" in preference to the version in '.'.
-.IP
-There are various methods of specifying libraries to be preloaded,
-and these are handled in the following order:
-.RS
-.IP (1) 5
-The
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-environment variable.
-.IP (2)
-The
-.B \-\-preload
-command-line option when invoking the dynamic linker directly.
-.IP (3)
-The
-.I /etc/ld.so.preload
-file (described below).
-.RE
-.TP
-.B LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS
-If set (to any value), causes the program to list its dynamic
-dependencies, as if run by
-.BR ldd (1),
-instead of running normally.
-.P
-Then there are lots of more or less obscure variables,
-many obsolete or only for internal use.
-.TP
-.BR LD_AUDIT " (since glibc 2.4)"
-A list of user-specified, ELF shared objects
-to be loaded before all others in a separate linker namespace
-(i.e., one that does not intrude upon the normal symbol bindings that
-would occur in the process)
-These objects can be used to audit the operation of the dynamic linker.
-The items in the list are colon-separated,
-and there is no support for escaping the separator.
-.IP
-.B LD_AUDIT
-is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.IP
-The dynamic linker will notify the audit
-shared objects at so-called auditing checkpoints\[em]for example,
-loading a new shared object, resolving a symbol,
-or calling a symbol from another shared object\[em]by
-calling an appropriate function within the audit shared object.
-For details, see
-.BR rtld\-audit (7).
-The auditing interface is largely compatible with that provided on Solaris,
-as described in its
-.IR "Linker and Libraries Guide" ,
-in the chapter
-.IR "Runtime Linker Auditing Interface" .
-.IP
-Within the names specified in the
-.B LD_AUDIT
-list, the dynamic linker understands the tokens
-.IR $ORIGIN ,
-.IR $LIB ,
-and
-.I $PLATFORM
-(or the versions using curly braces around the names)
-as described above in
-.IR "Dynamic string tokens" .
-(See also the discussion of quoting under the description of
-.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH .)
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.13,
-.\" commit 8e9f92e9d5d7737afdacf79b76d98c4c42980508
-in secure-execution mode,
-names in the audit list that contain slashes are ignored,
-and only shared objects in the standard search directories that
-have the set-user-ID mode bit enabled are loaded.
-.TP
-.BR LD_BIND_NOT " (since glibc 2.1.95)"
-If this environment variable is set to a nonempty string,
-do not update the GOT (global offset table) and PLT (procedure linkage table)
-after resolving a function symbol.
-By combining the use of this variable with
-.B LD_DEBUG
-(with the categories
-.I bindings
-and
-.IR symbols ),
-one can observe all run-time function bindings.
-.TP
-.BR LD_DEBUG " (since glibc 2.1)"
-Output verbose debugging information about operation of the dynamic linker.
-The content of this variable is one of more of the following categories,
-separated by colons, commas, or (if the value is quoted) spaces:
-.RS
-.TP 12
-.I help
-Specifying
-.I help
-in the value of this variable does not run the specified program,
-and displays a help message about which categories can be specified in this
-environment variable.
-.TP
-.I all
-Print all debugging information (except
-.I statistics
-and
-.IR unused ;
-see below).
-.TP
-.I bindings
-Display information about which definition each symbol is bound to.
-.TP
-.I files
-Display progress for input file.
-.TP
-.I libs
-Display library search paths.
-.TP
-.I reloc
-Display relocation processing.
-.TP
-.I scopes
-Display scope information.
-.TP
-.I statistics
-Display relocation statistics.
-.TP
-.I symbols
-Display search paths for each symbol look-up.
-.TP
-.I unused
-Determine unused DSOs.
-.TP
-.I versions
-Display version dependencies.
-.RE
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.3.4,
-.B LD_DEBUG
-is ignored in secure-execution mode, unless the file
-.I /etc/suid\-debug
-exists (the content of the file is irrelevant).
-.TP
-.BR LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT " (since glibc 2.1)"
-By default,
-.B LD_DEBUG
-output is written to standard error.
-If
-.B LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT
-is defined, then output is written to the pathname specified by its value,
-with the suffix "." (dot) followed by the process ID appended to the pathname.
-.IP
-.B LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT
-is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK " (since glibc 2.1.91)"
-By default, when searching shared libraries to resolve a symbol reference,
-the dynamic linker will resolve to the first definition it finds.
-.IP
-Old glibc versions (before glibc 2.2), provided a different behavior:
-if the linker found a symbol that was weak,
-it would remember that symbol and
-keep searching in the remaining shared libraries.
-If it subsequently found a strong definition of the same symbol,
-then it would instead use that definition.
-(If no further symbol was found,
-then the dynamic linker would use the weak symbol that it initially found.)
-.IP
-The old glibc behavior was nonstandard.
-(Standard practice is that the distinction between
-weak and strong symbols should have effect only at static link time.)
-In glibc 2.2,
-.\" More precisely 2.1.92
-.\" See weak handling
-.\" https://www.sourceware.org/ml/libc-hacker/2000-06/msg00029.html
-.\" To: GNU libc hacker <libc-hacker at sourceware dot cygnus dot com>
-.\" Subject: weak handling
-.\" From: Ulrich Drepper <drepper at redhat dot com>
-.\" Date: 07 Jun 2000 20:08:12 -0700
-.\" Reply-To: drepper at cygnus dot com (Ulrich Drepper)
-the dynamic linker was modified to provide the current behavior
-(which was the behavior that was provided by most other implementations
-at that time).
-.IP
-Defining the
-.B LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK
-environment variable (with any value) provides
-the old (nonstandard) glibc behavior,
-whereby a weak symbol in one shared library may be overridden by
-a strong symbol subsequently discovered in another shared library.
-(Note that even when this variable is set,
-a strong symbol in a shared library will not override
-a weak definition of the same symbol in the main program.)
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.3.4,
-.B LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK
-is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_HWCAP_MASK " (from glibc 2.1 to glibc 2.38)"
-Mask for hardware capabilities.
-Since glibc 2.26,
-the option might be ignored
-if glibc does not support tunables.
-.TP
-.BR LD_ORIGIN_PATH " (since glibc 2.1)"
-Path where the binary is found.
-.\" Used only if $ORIGIN can't be determined by normal means
-.\" (from the origin path saved at load time, or from /proc/self/exe)?
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.4,
-.B LD_ORIGIN_PATH
-is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_POINTER_GUARD " (from glibc 2.4 to glibc 2.22)"
-Set to 0 to disable pointer guarding.
-Any other value enables pointer guarding, which is also the default.
-Pointer guarding is a security mechanism whereby some pointers to code
-stored in writable program memory (return addresses saved by
-.BR setjmp (3)
-or function pointers used by various glibc internals) are mangled
-semi-randomly to make it more difficult for an attacker to hijack
-the pointers for use in the event of a buffer overrun or
-stack-smashing attack.
-Since glibc 2.23,
-.\" commit a014cecd82b71b70a6a843e250e06b541ad524f7
-.B LD_POINTER_GUARD
-can no longer be used to disable pointer guarding,
-which is now always enabled.
-.TP
-.BR LD_PROFILE " (since glibc 2.1)"
-The name of a (single) shared object to be profiled,
-specified either as a pathname or a soname.
-Profiling output is appended to the file whose name is:
-.RI \%$LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT /\: $LD_PROFILE .profile .
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.2.5,
-.B LD_PROFILE
-uses a different default path in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT " (since glibc 2.1)"
-Directory where
-.B LD_PROFILE
-output should be written.
-If this variable is not defined, or is defined as an empty string,
-then the default is
-.IR /var/tmp .
-.IP
-.B LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT
-is ignored in secure-execution mode; instead
-.I /var/profile
-is always used.
-.TP
-.BR LD_SHOW_AUXV " (since glibc 2.1)"
-If this environment variable is defined (with any value),
-show the auxiliary array passed up from the kernel (see also
-.BR getauxval (3)).
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.3.4,
-.B LD_SHOW_AUXV
-is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_TRACE_PRELINKING " (from glibc 2.4 to glibc 2.35)"
-If this environment variable is defined,
-trace prelinking of the object whose name is assigned to
-this environment variable.
-(Use
-.BR ldd (1)
-to get a list of the objects that might be traced.)
-If the object name is not recognized,
-.\" (This is what seems to happen, from experimenting)
-then all prelinking activity is traced.
-.TP
-.BR LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS " (from glibc 2.3.3 to glibc 2.35)"
-.\" http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2003-11/msg00127.html
-.\" Subject: [PATCH] Support LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
-.\" Jakub Jelinek
-By default (i.e., if this variable is not defined),
-executables and prelinked
-shared objects will honor base addresses of their dependent shared objects
-and (nonprelinked) position-independent executables (PIEs)
-and other shared objects will not honor them.
-If
-.B LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
-is defined with the value 1, both executables and PIEs
-will honor the base addresses.
-If
-.B LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
-is defined with the value 0,
-neither executables nor PIEs will honor the base addresses.
-.IP
-Since glibc 2.3.3, this variable is ignored in secure-execution mode.
-.TP
-.BR LD_VERBOSE " (since glibc 2.1)"
-If set to a nonempty string,
-output symbol versioning information about the
-program if the
-.B LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS
-environment variable has been set.
-.TP
-.BR LD_WARN " (since glibc 2.1.3)"
-If set to a nonempty string, warn about unresolved symbols.
-.TP
-.BR LD_PREFER_MAP_32BIT_EXEC " (x86-64 only; since glibc 2.23)"
-According to the Intel Silvermont software optimization guide, for 64-bit
-applications, branch prediction performance can be negatively impacted
-when the target of a branch is more than 4\ GB away from the branch.
-If this environment variable is set (to any value),
-the dynamic linker
-will first try to map executable pages using the
-.BR mmap (2)
-.B MAP_32BIT
-flag, and fall back to mapping without that flag if that attempt fails.
-NB: MAP_32BIT will map to the low 2\ GB (not 4\ GB) of the address space.
-.IP
-Because
-.B MAP_32BIT
-reduces the address range available for address space layout
-randomization (ASLR),
-.B LD_PREFER_MAP_32BIT_EXEC
-is always disabled in secure-execution mode.
-.SH FILES
-.TP
-.I /lib/ld.so
-a.out dynamic linker/loader
-.TP
-.IR /lib/ld\-linux.so. { 1 , 2 }
-ELF dynamic linker/loader
-.TP
-.I /etc/ld.so.cache
-File containing a compiled list of directories in which to search for
-shared objects and an ordered list of candidate shared objects.
-See
-.BR ldconfig (8).
-.TP
-.I /etc/ld.so.preload
-File containing a whitespace-separated list of ELF shared objects to
-be loaded before the program.
-See the discussion of
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-above.
-If both
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-and
-.I /etc/ld.so.preload
-are employed, the libraries specified by
-.B LD_PRELOAD
-are preloaded first.
-.I /etc/ld.so.preload
-has a system-wide effect,
-causing the specified libraries to be preloaded for
-all programs that are executed on the system.
-(This is usually undesirable,
-and is typically employed only as an emergency remedy, for example,
-as a temporary workaround to a library misconfiguration issue.)
-.TP
-.I lib*.so*
-shared objects
-.SH NOTES
-.SS Legacy Hardware capabilities (from glibc 2.5 to glibc 2.37)
-Some shared objects are compiled using hardware-specific instructions which do
-not exist on every CPU.
-Such objects should be installed in directories whose names define the
-required hardware capabilities, such as
-.IR /usr/lib/sse2/ .
-The dynamic linker checks these directories against the hardware of the
-machine and selects the most suitable version of a given shared object.
-Hardware capability directories can be cascaded to combine CPU features.
-The list of supported hardware capability names depends on the CPU.
-The following names are currently recognized:
-.\" Presumably, this info comes from sysdeps/i386/dl-procinfo.c and
-.\" similar files
-.TP
-.B Alpha
-ev4, ev5, ev56, ev6, ev67
-.TP
-.B MIPS
-loongson2e, loongson2f, octeon, octeon2
-.TP
-.B PowerPC
-4xxmac, altivec, arch_2_05, arch_2_06, booke, cellbe, dfp, efpdouble, efpsingle,
-fpu, ic_snoop, mmu, notb, pa6t, power4, power5, power5+, power6x, ppc32, ppc601,
-ppc64, smt, spe, ucache, vsx
-.TP
-.B SPARC
-flush, muldiv, stbar, swap, ultra3, v9, v9v, v9v2
-.TP
-.B s390
-dfp, eimm, esan3, etf3enh, g5, highgprs, hpage, ldisp, msa, stfle,
-z900, z990, z9-109, z10, zarch
-.TP
-.B x86 (32-bit only)
-acpi, apic, clflush, cmov, cx8, dts, fxsr, ht, i386, i486, i586, i686, mca, mmx,
-mtrr, pat, pbe, pge, pn, pse36, sep, ss, sse, sse2, tm
-.P
-The legacy hardware capabilities support has the drawback that
-each new feature added grows the search path exponentially,
-because it has to be added to
-every combination of the other existing features.
-.P
-For instance, on x86 32-bit,
-if the hardware supports
-.B i686
-and
-.BR sse2 ,
-the resulting search path will be
-.BR i686/sse2:i686:sse2:. .
-A new capability
-.B newcap
-will set the search path to
-.BR newcap/i686/sse2:newcap/i686:newcap/sse2:newcap:i686/sse2:i686:sse2: .
-.\"
-.SS glibc Hardware capabilities (from glibc 2.33)
-.TP
-.\" The initial discussion on various pitfalls of the old scheme is
-.\" <https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2020-May/113757.html>
-.\" and the patchset that proposes the glibc-hwcap support is
-.\" <https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2020-June/115250.html>
-glibc 2.33 added a new hardware capability scheme,
-where under each CPU architecture,
-certain levels can be defined,
-grouping support for certain features or special instructions.
-Each architecture level has
-a fixed set of paths that it adds to the dynamic linker search list,
-depending on the hardware of the machine.
-Since each new architecture level is
-not combined with previously existing ones,
-the new scheme does not have the drawback of
-growing the dynamic linker search list uncontrollably.
-.P
-For instance, on x86 64-bit,
-if the hardware supports
-.B x86_64-v3
-(for instance Intel Haswell or AMD Excavator),
-the resulting search path will be
-.B glibc-hwcaps/x86-64-v3:glibc-hwcaps/x86-64-v2:.
-.\" The x86_64 architectures levels are defined the official ABI:
-.\" <https://gitlab.com/x86-psABIs/x86-64-ABI/-/blob/master/x86-64-ABI/low-level-sys-info.tex>
-.\" The PowerPC and s390x are glibc defined ones based on chip
-.\" support (which maps to ISA levels).
-The following paths are currently supported, in priority order.
-.TP
-.B PowerPC (64-bit little-endian only)
-power10, power9
-.TP
-.B s390 (64-bit only)
-z16, z15, z14, z13
-.TP
-.B x86 (64-bit only)
-x86-64-v4, x86-64-v3, x86-64-v2
-.P
-glibc 2.37 removed support for the legacy hardware capabilities.
-.\"
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR ld (1),
-.BR ldd (1),
-.BR pldd (1),
-.BR sprof (1),
-.BR dlopen (3),
-.BR getauxval (3),
-.BR elf (5),
-.BR capabilities (7),
-.BR rtld\-audit (7),
-.BR ldconfig (8),
-.BR sln (8)
-.\" .SH AUTHORS
-.\" ld.so: David Engel, Eric Youngdale, Peter MacDonald, Hongjiu Lu, Linus
-.\" Torvalds, Lars Wirzenius and Mitch D'Souza
-.\" ld\-linux.so: Roland McGrath, Ulrich Drepper and others.
-.\"
-.\" In the above, (libc5) stands for David Engel's ld.so/ld\-linux.so.
diff --git a/man8/ldconfig.8 b/man8/ldconfig.8
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b51742..0000000
--- a/man8/ldconfig.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright 1999 SuSE GmbH Nuernberg, Germany
-.\" Author: Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.\"
-.\" Modified, 6 May 2002, Michael Kerrisk, <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" Change listed order of /usr/lib and /lib
-.TH ldconfig 8 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-ldconfig \- configure dynamic linker run-time bindings
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.SY /sbin/ldconfig
-.\" TODO?: -c, --format, -i, --ignore-aux-cache, --print-cache,
-.\" --verbose, -V, --version, -?, --help, --usage
-.RB [ \-nNvVX ]
-.RB [ \-C\~\c
-.IR cache ]
-.RB [ \-f\~\c
-.IR conf ]
-.RB [ \-r\~\c
-.IR root ]
-.IR directory \~.\|.\|.
-.YS
-.SY /sbin/ldconfig
-.B \-l
-.RB [ \-v ]
-.IR library \~.\|.\|.
-.YS
-.SY /sbin/ldconfig
-.B \-p
-.YS
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.B \%ldconfig
-creates the necessary links and cache to the most recent shared
-libraries found in the directories specified on the command line,
-in the file
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf ,
-and in the trusted directories,
-.I /lib
-and
-.IR /usr/lib .
-On some 64-bit architectures such as x86-64,
-.I /lib
-and
-.I /usr/lib
-are the trusted directories for 32-bit libraries,
-while
-.I /lib64
-and
-.I /usr/lib64
-are used for 64-bit libraries.
-.P
-The cache is used by the run-time linker,
-.I ld.so
-or
-.IR ld\-linux.so .
-.B \%ldconfig
-checks the header and filenames of the libraries it encounters when
-determining which versions should have their links updated.
-.\" Support for libc4 and libc5 dropped in
-.\" 8ee878592c4a642937152c8308b8faef86bcfc40 (2022-07-14) as "obsolete
-.\" for over twenty years".
-.B \%ldconfig
-should normally be run by the superuser as it may require write
-permission on some root owned directories and files.
-.P
-.B \%ldconfig
-will look only at files that are named
-.I lib*.so*
-(for regular shared objects) or
-.I ld\-*.so*
-(for the dynamic loader itself).
-Other files will be ignored.
-Also,
-.B \%ldconfig
-expects a certain pattern to how the symbolic links are set up,
-like this example,
-where the middle file
-.RB ( libfoo.so.1
-here) is the SONAME for the library:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-libfoo.so \-> libfoo.so.1 \-> libfoo.so.1.12
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-Failure to follow this pattern may result in compatibility issues
-after an upgrade.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.BI \-\-format= fmt
-.TQ
-.BI \-c\~ fmt
-(Since glibc 2.2)
-.\" commit 45eca4d141c047950db48c69c8941163d0a61fcd
-Use cache format
-.IR fmt ,
-which is one of
-.BR old ,
-.BR new ,
-or
-.BR \%compat .
-Since glibc 2.32,
-the default is
-.BR new .
-.\" commit cad64f778aced84efdaa04ae64f8737b86f063ab
-Before that,
-it was
-.BR \%compat .
-.TP
-.BI \-C\~ cache
-Use
-.I cache
-instead of
-.IR /etc/ld.so.cache .
-.TP
-.BI \-f\~ conf
-Use
-.I conf
-instead of
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf .
-.TP
-.B \-\-ignore\-aux\-cache
-.TQ
-.B \-i
-(Since glibc 2.7)
-.\" commit 27d9ffda17df4d2388687afd12897774fde39bcc
-Ignore auxiliary cache file.
-.TP
-.B \-l
-(Since glibc 2.2)
-Interpret each operand as a library name and configure its links.
-Intended for use only by experts.
-.TP
-.B \-n
-Process only the directories specified on the command line;
-don't process the trusted directories,
-nor those specified in
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf .
-Implies
-.BR \-N .
-.TP
-.B \-N
-Don't rebuild the cache.
-Unless
-.B \-X
-is also specified,
-links are still updated.
-.TP
-.B \-\-print\-cache
-.TQ
-.B \-p
-Print the lists of directories and candidate libraries stored in
-the current cache.
-.TP
-.BI \-r\~ root
-Change to and use
-.I root
-as the root directory.
-.TP
-.B \-\-verbose
-.TQ
-.B \-v
-Verbose mode.
-Print current version number,
-the name of each directory as it is scanned,
-and any links that are created.
-Overrides quiet mode.
-.TP
-.B \-\-version
-.TQ
-.B \-V
-Print program version.
-.TP
-.B \-X
-Don't update links.
-Unless
-.B \-N
-is also specified,
-the cache is still rebuilt.
-.SH FILES
-.\" FIXME Since glibc-2.3.4, "include" directives are supported in ld.so.conf
-.\"
-.\" FIXME Since glibc-2.4, "hwcap" directives are supported in ld.so.conf
-.PD 0
-.TP
-.I /lib/ld.so
-is the run-time linker/loader.
-.TP
-.I /etc/ld.so.conf
-contains a list of directories,
-one per line,
-in which to search for libraries.
-.TP
-.I /etc/ld.so.cache
-contains an ordered list of libraries found in the directories
-specified in
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf ,
-as well as those found in the trusted directories.
-.PD
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR ldd (1),
-.BR ld.so (8)
diff --git a/man8/nscd.8 b/man8/nscd.8
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d2204e..0000000
--- a/man8/nscd.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright 1999 SuSE GmbH Nuernberg, Germany
-.\" Author: Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.\"
-.\" 2008-12-05 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
-.\" Rewrite the NOTES section to reflect modern reality
-.\"
-.TH nscd 8 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-nscd \- name service cache daemon
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.B nscd
-is a daemon that provides a cache for the most common name service
-requests.
-The default configuration file,
-.IR /etc/nscd.conf ,
-determines the behavior of the cache daemon.
-See
-.BR nscd.conf (5).
-.P
-.B nscd
-provides caching for accesses of the
-.BR passwd (5),
-.BR group (5),
-.BR hosts (5)
-.BR services (5)
-and
-.I netgroup
-databases through standard libc interfaces, such as
-.BR getpwnam (3),
-.BR getpwuid (3),
-.BR getgrnam (3),
-.BR getgrgid (3),
-.BR gethostbyname (3),
-and others.
-.P
-There are two caches for each database:
-a positive one for items found, and a negative one
-for items not found.
-Each cache has a separate TTL (time-to-live)
-period for its data.
-Note that the shadow file is specifically not cached.
-.BR getspnam (3)
-calls remain uncached as a result.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.B "\-\-help"
-will give you a list with all options and what they do.
-.SH NOTES
-The daemon will try to watch for changes in configuration files
-appropriate for each database (e.g.,
-.I /etc/passwd
-for the
-.I passwd
-database or
-.I /etc/hosts
-and
-.I /etc/resolv.conf
-for the
-.I hosts
-database), and flush the cache when these are changed.
-However, this will happen only after a short delay (unless the
-.BR inotify (7)
-mechanism is available and glibc 2.9 or later is available),
-and this auto-detection does not cover configuration files
-required by nonstandard NSS modules, if any are specified in
-.IR /etc/nsswitch.conf .
-In that case, you need to run the following command
-after changing the configuration file of the database so that
-.B nscd
-invalidates its cache:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-$ \fBnscd \-i\fP \fI<database>\fP
-.EE
-.in
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR nscd.conf (5),
-.BR nsswitch.conf (5)
-.\" .SH AUTHOR
-.\" .B nscd
-.\" was written by Thorsten Kukuk and Ulrich Drepper.
diff --git a/man8/sln.8 b/man8/sln.8
deleted file mode 100644
index 29d960b..0000000
--- a/man8/sln.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-.\" Copyright (c) 2013 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.TH sln 8 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-sln \- create symbolic links
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.BI sln " source dest"
-.BI sln " filelist"
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The
-.B sln
-program creates symbolic links.
-Unlike the
-.BR ln (1)
-program, it is statically linked.
-This means that if for some reason the dynamic linker is not working,
-.B sln
-can be used to make symbolic links to dynamic libraries.
-.P
-The command line has two forms.
-In the first form, it creates
-.I dest
-as a new symbolic link to
-.IR source .
-.P
-In the second form,
-.I filelist
-is a list of space-separated pathname pairs,
-and the effect is as if
-.B sln
-was executed once for each line of the file,
-with the two pathnames as the arguments.
-.P
-The
-.B sln
-program supports no command-line options.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR ln (1),
-.BR ld.so (8),
-.BR ldconfig (8)
diff --git a/man8/tzselect.8 b/man8/tzselect.8
deleted file mode 100644
index ee03161..0000000
--- a/man8/tzselect.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-.\" This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-.\" 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-.TH tzselect 8 "" "Time Zone Database"
-.SH NAME
-tzselect \- select a timezone
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.ie \n(.g .ds - \f(CR-\fP
-.el .ds - \-
-.ds d " degrees
-.ds m " minutes
-.ds s " seconds
-.ds _ " \&
-.if t \{\
-. if \n(.g .if c \(de .if c \(fm .if c \(sd \{\
-. ds d \(de
-. ds m \(fm
-. ds s \(sd
-. ds _ \|
-. \}
-.\}
-.B tzselect
-[
-.B \*-c
-.I coord
-] [
-.B \*-n
-.I limit
-] [
-.B \*-\*-help
-] [
-.B \*-\*-version
-]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The
-.B tzselect
-program asks the user for information about the current location,
-and outputs the resulting timezone to standard output.
-The output is suitable as a value for the TZ environment variable.
-.PP
-All interaction with the user is done via standard input and standard error.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.BI "\*-c " coord
-Instead of asking for continent and then country and then city,
-ask for selection from time zones whose largest cities
-are closest to the location with geographical coordinates
-.I coord.
-Use ISO 6709 notation for
-.I coord,
-that is, a latitude immediately followed by a longitude. The latitude
-and longitude should be signed integers followed by an optional
-decimal point and fraction: positive numbers represent north and east,
-negative south and west. Latitudes with two and longitudes with three
-integer digits are treated as degrees; latitudes with four or six and
-longitudes with five or seven integer digits are treated as
-.I "DDMM, DDDMM, DDMMSS,"
-or
-.I DDDMMSS
-representing
-.I DD
-or
-.I DDD
-degrees,
-.I MM
-minutes,
-and zero or
-.I SS
-seconds, with any trailing fractions represent fractional minutes or
-(if
-.I SS
-is present) seconds. The decimal point is that of the current locale.
-For example, in the (default) C locale,
-.B "\*-c\ +40.689\*-074.045"
-specifies 40.689\*d\*_N, 74.045\*d\*_W,
-.B "\*-c\ +4041.4\*-07402.7"
-specifies 40\*d\*_41.4\*m\*_N, 74\*d\*_2.7\*m\*_W, and
-.B "\*-c\ +404121\*-0740240"
-specifies 40\*d\*_41\*m\*_21\*s\*_N, 74\*d\*_2\*m\*_40\*s\*_W.
-If
-.I coord
-is not one of the documented forms, the resulting behavior is unspecified.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-n " limit
-When
-.B \*-c
-is used, display the closest
-.I limit
-locations (default 10).
-.TP
-.B "\*-\*-help"
-Output help information and exit.
-.TP
-.B "\*-\*-version"
-Output version information and exit.
-.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
-.TP
-\f3AWK\fP
-Name of a POSIX-compliant
-.B awk
-program (default:
-.BR awk ).
-.TP
-\f3TZDIR\fP
-Name of the directory containing timezone data files (default:
-.BR /usr/share/zoneinfo ).
-.SH FILES
-.TP
-\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/iso3166.tab\fP
-Table of ISO 3166 2-letter country codes and country names.
-.TP
-\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/zone1970.tab\fP
-Table of country codes, latitude and longitude, timezones, and
-descriptive comments.
-.TP
-\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/\fP\f2TZ\fP
-Timezone data file for timezone \f2TZ\fP.
-.SH "EXIT STATUS"
-The exit status is zero if a timezone was successfully obtained from the user,
-nonzero otherwise.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-newctime(3), tzfile(5), zdump(8), zic(8)
-.SH NOTES
-Applications should not assume that
-.BR tzselect 's
-output matches the user's political preferences.
diff --git a/man8/zdump.8 b/man8/zdump.8
deleted file mode 100644
index c3f0bba..0000000
--- a/man8/zdump.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,230 +0,0 @@
-.\" This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-.\" 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-.TH zdump 8 "" "Time Zone Database"
-.SH NAME
-zdump \- timezone dumper
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B zdump
-[
-.I option
-\&... ] [
-.I timezone
-\&... ]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.ie '\(lq'' .ds lq \&"\"
-.el .ds lq \(lq\"
-.ie '\(rq'' .ds rq \&"\"
-.el .ds rq \(rq\"
-.de q
-\\$3\*(lq\\$1\*(rq\\$2
-..
-.ie \n(.g .ds - \f(CR-\fP
-.el .ds - \-
-The
-.B zdump
-program prints the current time in each
-.I timezone
-named on the command line.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.B \*-\*-version
-Output version information and exit.
-.TP
-.B \*-\*-help
-Output short usage message and exit.
-.TP
-.B \*-i
-Output a description of time intervals. For each
-.I timezone
-on the command line, output an interval-format description of the
-timezone. See
-.q "INTERVAL FORMAT"
-below.
-.TP
-.B \*-v
-Output a verbose description of time intervals.
-For each
-.I timezone
-on the command line,
-print the times at the two extreme time values,
-the times (if present) at and just beyond the boundaries of years that
-.BR localtime (3)
-and
-.BR gmtime (3)
-can represent, and
-the times both one second before and exactly at
-each detected time discontinuity.
-Each line is followed by
-.BI isdst= D
-where
-.I D
-is positive, zero, or negative depending on whether
-the given time is daylight saving time, standard time,
-or an unknown time type, respectively.
-Each line is also followed by
-.BI gmtoff= N
-if the given local time is known to be
-.I N
-seconds east of Greenwich.
-.TP
-.B \*-V
-Like
-.BR \*-v ,
-except omit output concerning extreme time and year values.
-This generates output that is easier to compare to that of
-implementations with different time representations.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-c " \fR[\fIloyear , \fR]\fIhiyear
-Cut off interval output at the given year(s).
-Cutoff times are computed using the proleptic Gregorian calendar with year 0
-and with Universal Time (UT) ignoring leap seconds.
-Cutoffs are at the start of each year, where the lower-bound
-timestamp is inclusive and the upper is exclusive; for example,
-.B "\*-c 1970,2070"
-selects transitions on or after 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
-and before 2070-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
-The default cutoff is
-.BR \*-500,2500 .
-.TP
-.BI "\*-t " \fR[\fIlotime , \fR]\fIhitime
-Cut off interval output at the given time(s),
-given in decimal seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00
-Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
-The
-.I timezone
-determines whether the count includes leap seconds.
-As with
-.BR \*-c ,
-the cutoff's lower bound is inclusive and its upper bound is exclusive.
-.SH "INTERVAL FORMAT"
-The interval format is a compact text representation that is intended
-to be both human- and machine-readable. It consists of an empty line,
-then a line
-.q "TZ=\fIstring\fP"
-where
-.I string
-is a double-quoted string giving the timezone, a second line
-.q "\*- \*- \fIinterval\fP"
-describing the time interval before the first transition if any, and
-zero or more following lines
-.q "\fIdate time interval\fP",
-one line for each transition time and following interval. Fields are
-separated by single tabs.
-.PP
-Dates are in
-.IR yyyy - mm - dd
-format and times are in 24-hour
-.IR hh : mm : ss
-format where
-.IR hh <24.
-Times are in local time immediately after the transition. A
-time interval description consists of a UT offset in signed
-.RI \(+- hhmmss
-format, a time zone abbreviation, and an isdst flag. An abbreviation
-that equals the UT offset is omitted; other abbreviations are
-double-quoted strings unless they consist of one or more alphabetic
-characters. An isdst flag is omitted for standard time, and otherwise
-is a decimal integer that is unsigned and positive (typically 1) for
-daylight saving time and negative for unknown.
-.PP
-In times and in UT offsets with absolute value less than 100 hours,
-the seconds are omitted if they are zero, and
-the minutes are also omitted if they are also zero. Positive UT
-offsets are east of Greenwich. The UT offset \*-00 denotes a UT
-placeholder in areas where the actual offset is unspecified; by
-convention, this occurs when the UT offset is zero and the time zone
-abbreviation begins with
-.q "\*-"
-or is
-.q "zzz".
-.PP
-In double-quoted strings, escape sequences represent unusual
-characters. The escape sequences are \es for space, and \e", \e\e,
-\ef, \en, \er, \et, and \ev with their usual meaning in the C
-programming language. E.g., the double-quoted string
-\*(lq"CET\es\e"\e\e"\*(rq represents the character sequence \*(lqCET
-"\e\*(rq.\""
-.PP
-.ne 9
-Here is an example of the output, with the leading empty line omitted.
-(This example is shown with tab stops set far enough apart so that the
-tabbed columns line up.)
-.nf
-.sp
-.if \n(.g .ft CR
-.in +2
-.nr w \w'1896-01-13 'u+\n(.i
-.ta \w'1896-01-13\0\0'u +\w'12:01:26\0\0'u +\w'-103126\0\0'u +\w'HWT\0\0'u
-TZ="Pacific/Honolulu"
-- - -103126 LMT
-1896-01-13 12:01:26 -1030 HST
-1933-04-30 03 -0930 HDT 1
-1933-05-21 11 -1030 HST
-1942-02-09 03 -0930 HWT 1
-1945-08-14 13:30 -0930 HPT 1
-1945-09-30 01 -1030 HST
-1947-06-08 02:30 -10 HST
-.in
-.if \n(.g .ft
-.sp
-.fi
-Here, local time begins 10 hours, 31 minutes and 26 seconds west of
-UT, and is a standard time abbreviated LMT. Immediately after the
-first transition, the date is 1896-01-13 and the time is 12:01:26, and
-the following time interval is 10.5 hours west of UT, a standard time
-abbreviated HST. Immediately after the second transition, the date is
-1933-04-30 and the time is 03:00:00 and the following time interval is
-9.5 hours west of UT, is abbreviated HDT, and is daylight saving time.
-Immediately after the last transition the date is 1947-06-08 and the
-time is 02:30:00, and the following time interval is 10 hours west of
-UT, a standard time abbreviated HST.
-.PP
-.ne 10
-Here are excerpts from another example:
-.nf
-.sp
-.if \n(.g .ft CR
-.if t .in +.5i
-.if n .in +2
-TZ="Europe/Astrakhan"
-- - +031212 LMT
-1924-04-30 23:47:48 +03
-1930-06-21 01 +04
-1981-04-01 01 +05 1
-1981-09-30 23 +04
-\&...
-2014-10-26 01 +03
-2016-03-27 03 +04
-.in
-.if \n(.g .ft
-.sp
-.fi
-This time zone is east of UT, so its UT offsets are positive. Also,
-many of its time zone abbreviations are omitted since they duplicate
-the text of the UT offset.
-.SH LIMITATIONS
-Time discontinuities are found by sampling the results returned by
-.BR localtime (3)
-at twelve-hour intervals.
-This works in all real-world cases;
-one can construct artificial time zones for which this fails.
-.PP
-In the
-.B \*-v
-and
-.B \*-V
-output,
-.q "UT"
-denotes the value returned by
-.BR gmtime (3),
-which uses UTC for modern timestamps and some other UT flavor for
-timestamps that predate the introduction of UTC.
-No attempt is currently made to have the output use
-.q "UTC"
-for newer and
-.q "UT"
-for older timestamps, partly because the exact date of the
-introduction of UTC is problematic.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR tzfile (5),
-.BR zic (8)
diff --git a/man8/zic.8 b/man8/zic.8
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ad373a..0000000
--- a/man8/zic.8
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,894 +0,0 @@
-.\" This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-.\" 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-.TH zic 8 "" "Time Zone Database"
-.SH NAME
-zic \- timezone compiler
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B zic
-[
-.I option
-\&... ] [
-.I filename
-\&... ]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.ie '\(lq'' .ds lq \&"\"
-.el .ds lq \(lq\"
-.ie '\(rq'' .ds rq \&"\"
-.el .ds rq \(rq\"
-.de q
-\\$3\*(lq\\$1\*(rq\\$2
-..
-.ie '\(la'' .ds < <
-.el .ds < \(la
-.ie '\(ra'' .ds > >
-.el .ds > \(ra
-.ie \n(.g \{\
-. ds : \:
-. ds - \f(CR-\fP
-.\}
-.el \{\
-. ds :
-. ds - \-
-.\}
-.ds d " degrees
-.ds m " minutes
-.ds s " seconds
-.ds _ " \&
-.if t \{\
-. if \n(.g .if c \(de .if c \(fm .if c \(sd \{\
-. ds d \(de
-. ds m \(fm
-. ds s \(sd
-. ds _ \|
-. \}
-.\}
-The
-.B zic
-program reads text from the file(s) named on the command line
-and creates the timezone information format (TZif) files
-specified in this input.
-If a
-.I filename
-is
-.q "\*-" ,
-standard input is read.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.B "\*-\*-version"
-Output version information and exit.
-.TP
-.B \*-\*-help
-Output short usage message and exit.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-b " bloat
-Output backward-compatibility data as specified by
-.IR bloat .
-If
-.I bloat
-is
-.BR fat ,
-generate additional data entries that work around potential bugs or
-incompatibilities in older software, such as software that mishandles
-the 64-bit generated data.
-If
-.I bloat
-is
-.BR slim ,
-keep the output files small; this can help check for the bugs
-and incompatibilities.
-The default is
-.BR slim ,
-as software that mishandles 64-bit data typically
-mishandles timestamps after the year 2038 anyway.
-Also see the
-.B \*-r
-option for another way to alter output size.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-d " directory
-Create time conversion information files in the named directory rather than
-in the standard directory named below.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-l " timezone
-Use
-.I timezone
-as local time.
-.B zic
-will act as if the input contained a link line of the form
-.sp
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Link\0\0'u +\w'\fItimezone\fP\0\0'u
-Link \fItimezone\fP localtime
-.sp
-If
-.I timezone
-is
-.BR \*- ,
-any already-existing link is removed.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-L " leapsecondfilename
-Read leap second information from the file with the given name.
-If this option is not used,
-no leap second information appears in output files.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-p " timezone
-Use
-.IR timezone 's
-rules when handling nonstandard
-TZ strings like "EET\*-2EEST" that lack transition rules.
-.B zic
-will act as if the input contained a link line of the form
-.sp
-.ti +2
-Link \fItimezone\fP posixrules
-.sp
-If
-.I timezone
-is
-.q "\*-"
-(the default), any already-existing link is removed.
-.sp
-Unless
-.I timezone is
-.q "\*-" ,
-this option is obsolete and poorly supported.
-Among other things it should not be used for timestamps after the year 2037,
-and it should not be combined with
-.B "\*-b slim"
-if
-.IR timezone 's
-transitions are at standard time or Universal Time (UT) instead of local time.
-.TP
-.BR "\*-r " "[\fB@\fP\fIlo\fP][\fB/@\fP\fIhi\fP]"
-Limit the applicability of output files
-to timestamps in the range from
-.I lo
-(inclusive) to
-.I hi
-(exclusive), where
-.I lo
-and
-.I hi
-are possibly signed decimal counts of seconds since the Epoch
-(1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC).
-Omitted counts default to extreme values.
-The output files use UT offset 0 and abbreviation
-.q "\*-00"
-in place of the omitted timestamp data.
-For example,
-.q "zic \*-r @0"
-omits data intended for negative timestamps (i.e., before the Epoch), and
-.q "zic \*-r @0/@2147483648"
-outputs data intended only for nonnegative timestamps that fit into
-31-bit signed integers.
-On platforms with GNU
-.BR date ,
-.q "zic \*-r @$(date +%s)"
-omits data intended for past timestamps.
-Although this option typically reduces the output file's size,
-the size can increase due to the need to represent the timestamp range
-boundaries, particularly if
-.I hi
-causes a TZif file to contain explicit entries for
-.RI pre- hi
-transitions rather than concisely representing them
-with an extended POSIX.1-2017 TZ string.
-Also see the
-.B "\*-b slim"
-option for another way to shrink output size.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-R @" hi
-Generate redundant trailing explicit transitions for timestamps
-that occur less than
-.I hi
-seconds since the Epoch, even though the transitions could be
-more concisely represented via the extended POSIX.1-2017 TZ string.
-This option does not affect the represented timestamps.
-Although it accommodates nonstandard TZif readers
-that ignore the extended POSIX.1-2017 TZ string,
-it increases the size of the altered output files.
-.TP
-.BI "\*-t " file
-When creating local time information, put the configuration link in
-the named file rather than in the standard location.
-.TP
-.B \*-v
-Be more verbose, and complain about the following situations:
-.RS
-.PP
-The input specifies a link to a link,
-something not supported by some older parsers, including
-.B zic
-itself through release 2022e.
-.PP
-A year that appears in a data file is outside the range
-of representable years.
-.PP
-A time of 24:00 or more appears in the input.
-Pre-1998 versions of
-.B zic
-prohibit 24:00, and pre-2007 versions prohibit times greater than 24:00.
-.PP
-A rule goes past the start or end of the month.
-Pre-2004 versions of
-.B zic
-prohibit this.
-.PP
-A time zone abbreviation uses a
-.B %z
-format.
-Pre-2015 versions of
-.B zic
-do not support this.
-.PP
-A timestamp contains fractional seconds.
-Pre-2018 versions of
-.B zic
-do not support this.
-.PP
-The input contains abbreviations that are mishandled by pre-2018 versions of
-.B zic
-due to a longstanding coding bug.
-These abbreviations include
-.q L
-for
-.q Link ,
-.q mi
-for
-.q min ,
-.q Sa
-for
-.q Sat ,
-and
-.q Su
-for
-.q Sun .
-.PP
-The output file does not contain all the information about the
-long-term future of a timezone, because the future cannot be summarized as
-an extended POSIX.1-2017 TZ string. For example, as of 2023 this problem
-occurs for Morocco's daylight-saving rules, as these rules are based
-on predictions for when Ramadan will be observed, something that
-an extended POSIX.1-2017 TZ string cannot represent.
-.PP
-The output contains data that may not be handled properly by client
-code designed for older
-.B zic
-output formats. These compatibility issues affect only timestamps
-before 1970 or after the start of 2038.
-.PP
-The output contains a truncated leap second table,
-which can cause some older TZif readers to misbehave.
-This can occur if the
-.B "\*-L"
-option is used, and either an Expires line is present or
-the
-.B "\*-r"
-option is also used.
-.PP
-The output file contains more than 1200 transitions,
-which may be mishandled by some clients.
-The current reference client supports at most 2000 transitions;
-pre-2014 versions of the reference client support at most 1200
-transitions.
-.PP
-A time zone abbreviation has fewer than 3 or more than 6 characters.
-POSIX requires at least 3, and requires implementations to support
-at least 6.
-.PP
-An output file name contains a byte that is not an ASCII letter,
-.q "\*-" ,
-.q "/" ,
-or
-.q "_" ;
-or it contains a file name component that contains more than 14 bytes
-or that starts with
-.q "\*-" .
-.RE
-.SH FILES
-Input files use the format described in this section; output files use
-.BR tzfile (5)
-format.
-.PP
-Input files should be text files, that is, they should be a series of
-zero or more lines, each ending in a newline byte and containing at
-most 2048 bytes counting the newline, and without any NUL bytes.
-The input text's encoding
-is typically UTF-8 or ASCII; it should have a unibyte representation
-for the POSIX Portable Character Set (PPCS)
-\*<https://pubs\*:.opengroup\*:.org/\*:onlinepubs/\*:9699919799/\*:basedefs/\*:V1_chap06\*:.html\*>
-and the encoding's non-unibyte characters should consist entirely of
-non-PPCS bytes. Non-PPCS characters typically occur only in comments:
-although output file names and time zone abbreviations can contain
-nearly any character, other software will work better if these are
-limited to the restricted syntax described under the
-.B \*-v
-option.
-.PP
-Input lines are made up of fields.
-Fields are separated from one another by one or more white space characters.
-The white space characters are space, form feed, carriage return, newline,
-tab, and vertical tab.
-Leading and trailing white space on input lines is ignored.
-An unquoted sharp character (#) in the input introduces a comment which extends
-to the end of the line the sharp character appears on.
-White space characters and sharp characters may be enclosed in double quotes
-(") if they're to be used as part of a field.
-Any line that is blank (after comment stripping) is ignored.
-Nonblank lines are expected to be of one of three types:
-rule lines, zone lines, and link lines.
-.PP
-Names must be in English and are case insensitive.
-They appear in several contexts, and include month and weekday names
-and keywords such as
-.BR "maximum" ,
-.BR "only" ,
-.BR "Rolling" ,
-and
-.BR "Zone" .
-A name can be abbreviated by omitting all but an initial prefix; any
-abbreviation must be unambiguous in context.
-.PP
-A rule line has the form
-.nf
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Rule\0\0'u +\w'NAME\0\0'u +\w'FROM\0\0'u +\w'1973\0\0'u +\w'\*-\0\0'u +\w'Apr\0\0'u +\w'lastSun\0\0'u +\w'2:00w\0\0'u +\w'1:00d\0\0'u
-.sp
-Rule NAME FROM TO \*- IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-.sp
-For example:
-.ti +2
-.sp
-Rule US 1967 1973 \*- Apr lastSun 2:00w 1:00d D
-.sp
-.fi
-The fields that make up a rule line are:
-.TP
-.B NAME
-Gives the name of the rule set that contains this line.
-The name must start with a character that is neither
-an ASCII digit nor
-.q \*-
-nor
-.q + .
-To allow for future extensions,
-an unquoted name should not contain characters from the set
-.ie \n(.g .q \f(CR!$%&\(aq()*,/:;<=>?@[\e]\(ha\(ga{|}\(ti\fP .
-.el .ie t .q \f(CW!$%&'()*,/:;<=>?@[\e]^\(ga{|}~\fP .
-.el .q !$%&'()*,/:;<=>?@[\e]^`{|}~ .
-.TP
-.B FROM
-Gives the first year in which the rule applies.
-Any signed integer year can be supplied; the proleptic Gregorian calendar
-is assumed, with year 0 preceding year 1.
-Rules can describe times that are not representable as time values,
-with the unrepresentable times ignored; this allows rules to be portable
-among hosts with differing time value types.
-.TP
-.B TO
-Gives the final year in which the rule applies.
-The word
-.B maximum
-(or an abbreviation) means the indefinite future, and the word
-.B only
-(or an abbreviation)
-may be used to repeat the value of the
-.B FROM
-field.
-.TP
-.B \*-
-Is a reserved field and should always contain
-.q \*-
-for compatibility with older versions of
-.BR zic .
-It was previously known as the
-.B TYPE
-field, which could contain values to allow a
-separate script to further restrict in which
-.q types
-of years the rule would apply.
-.TP
-.B IN
-Names the month in which the rule takes effect.
-Month names may be abbreviated.
-.TP
-.B ON
-Gives the day on which the rule takes effect.
-Recognized forms include:
-.nf
-.in +2
-.sp
-.ta \w'Sun<=25\0\0'u
-5 the fifth of the month
-lastSun the last Sunday in the month
-lastMon the last Monday in the month
-Sun>=8 first Sunday on or after the eighth
-Sun<=25 last Sunday on or before the 25th
-.fi
-.in
-.sp
-A weekday name (e.g.,
-.BR "Sunday" )
-or a weekday name preceded by
-.q "last"
-(e.g.,
-.BR "lastSunday" )
-may be abbreviated or spelled out in full.
-There must be no white space characters within the
-.B ON
-field.
-The
-.q <=
-and
-.q >=
-constructs can result in a day in the neighboring month;
-for example, the IN-ON combination
-.q "Oct Sun>=31"
-stands for the first Sunday on or after October 31,
-even if that Sunday occurs in November.
-.TP
-.B AT
-Gives the time of day at which the rule takes effect,
-relative to 00:00, the start of a calendar day.
-Recognized forms include:
-.nf
-.in +2
-.sp
-.ta \w'00:19:32.13\0\0'u
-2 time in hours
-2:00 time in hours and minutes
-01:28:14 time in hours, minutes, and seconds
-00:19:32.13 time with fractional seconds
-12:00 midday, 12 hours after 00:00
-15:00 3 PM, 15 hours after 00:00
-24:00 end of day, 24 hours after 00:00
-260:00 260 hours after 00:00
-\*-2:30 2.5 hours before 00:00
-\*- equivalent to 0
-.fi
-.in
-.sp
-Although
-.B zic
-rounds times to the nearest integer second
-(breaking ties to the even integer), the fractions may be useful
-to other applications requiring greater precision.
-The source format does not specify any maximum precision.
-Any of these forms may be followed by the letter
-.B w
-if the given time is local or
-.q "wall clock"
-time,
-.B s
-if the given time is standard time without any adjustment for daylight saving,
-or
-.B u
-(or
-.B g
-or
-.BR z )
-if the given time is universal time;
-in the absence of an indicator,
-local (wall clock) time is assumed.
-These forms ignore leap seconds; for example,
-if a leap second occurs at 00:59:60 local time,
-.q "1:00"
-stands for 3601 seconds after local midnight instead of the usual 3600 seconds.
-The intent is that a rule line describes the instants when a
-clock/calendar set to the type of time specified in the
-.B AT
-field would show the specified date and time of day.
-.TP
-.B SAVE
-Gives the amount of time to be added to local standard time when the rule is in
-effect, and whether the resulting time is standard or daylight saving.
-This field has the same format as the
-.B AT
-field
-except with a different set of suffix letters:
-.B s
-for standard time and
-.B d
-for daylight saving time.
-The suffix letter is typically omitted, and defaults to
-.B s
-if the offset is zero and to
-.B d
-otherwise.
-Negative offsets are allowed; in Ireland, for example, daylight saving
-time is observed in winter and has a negative offset relative to
-Irish Standard Time.
-The offset is merely added to standard time; for example,
-.B zic
-does not distinguish a 10:30 standard time plus an 0:30
-.B SAVE
-from a 10:00 standard time plus a 1:00
-.BR SAVE .
-.TP
-.B LETTER/S
-Gives the
-.q "variable part"
-(for example, the
-.q "S"
-or
-.q "D"
-in
-.q "EST"
-or
-.q "EDT" )
-of time zone abbreviations to be used when this rule is in effect.
-If this field is
-.q \*- ,
-the variable part is null.
-.PP
-A zone line has the form
-.sp
-.nf
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Zone\0\0'u +\w'Asia/Amman\0\0'u +\w'STDOFF\0\0'u +\w'Jordan\0\0'u +\w'FORMAT\0\0'u
-Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-.sp
-For example:
-.sp
-.ti +2
-Zone Asia/Amman 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2017 Oct 27 01:00
-.sp
-.fi
-The fields that make up a zone line are:
-.TP
-.B NAME
-The name of the timezone.
-This is the name used in creating the time conversion information file for the
-timezone.
-It should not contain a file name component
-.q ".\&"
-or
-.q ".." ;
-a file name component is a maximal substring that does not contain
-.q "/" .
-.TP
-.B STDOFF
-The amount of time to add to UT to get standard time,
-without any adjustment for daylight saving.
-This field has the same format as the
-.B AT
-and
-.B SAVE
-fields of rule lines, except without suffix letters;
-begin the field with a minus sign if time must be subtracted from UT.
-.TP
-.B RULES
-The name of the rules that apply in the timezone or,
-alternatively, a field in the same format as a rule-line SAVE column,
-giving the amount of time to be added to local standard time
-and whether the resulting time is standard or daylight saving.
-If this field is
-.B \*-
-then standard time always applies.
-When an amount of time is given, only the sum of standard time and
-this amount matters.
-.TP
-.B FORMAT
-The format for time zone abbreviations.
-The pair of characters
-.B %s
-is used to show where the
-.q "variable part"
-of the time zone abbreviation goes.
-Alternatively, a format can use the pair of characters
-.B %z
-to stand for the UT offset in the form
-.RI \(+- hh ,
-.RI \(+- hhmm ,
-or
-.RI \(+- hhmmss ,
-using the shortest form that does not lose information, where
-.IR hh ,
-.IR mm ,
-and
-.I ss
-are the hours, minutes, and seconds east (+) or west (\-) of UT.
-Alternatively,
-a slash (/)
-separates standard and daylight abbreviations.
-To conform to POSIX, a time zone abbreviation should contain only
-alphanumeric ASCII characters,
-.q "+"
-and
-.q "\*-".
-By convention, the time zone abbreviation
-.q "\*-00"
-is a placeholder that means local time is unspecified.
-.TP
-.B UNTIL
-The time at which the UT offset or the rule(s) change for a location.
-It takes the form of one to four fields YEAR [MONTH [DAY [TIME]]].
-If this is specified,
-the time zone information is generated from the given UT offset
-and rule change until the time specified, which is interpreted using
-the rules in effect just before the transition.
-The month, day, and time of day have the same format as the IN, ON, and AT
-fields of a rule; trailing fields can be omitted, and default to the
-earliest possible value for the missing fields.
-.IP
-The next line must be a
-.q "continuation"
-line; this has the same form as a zone line except that the
-string
-.q "Zone"
-and the name are omitted, as the continuation line will
-place information starting at the time specified as the
-.q "until"
-information in the previous line in the file used by the previous line.
-Continuation lines may contain
-.q "until"
-information, just as zone lines do, indicating that the next line is a further
-continuation.
-.PP
-If a zone changes at the same instant that a rule would otherwise take
-effect in the earlier zone or continuation line, the rule is ignored.
-A zone or continuation line
-.I L
-with a named rule set starts with standard time by default:
-that is, any of
-.IR L 's
-timestamps preceding
-.IR L 's
-earliest rule use the rule in effect after
-.IR L 's
-first transition into standard time.
-In a single zone it is an error if two rules take effect at the same
-instant, or if two zone changes take effect at the same instant.
-.PP
-If a continuation line subtracts
-.I N
-seconds from the UT offset after a transition that would be
-interpreted to be later if using the continuation line's UT offset and
-rules, the
-.q "until"
-time of the previous zone or continuation line is interpreted
-according to the continuation line's UT offset and rules, and any rule
-that would otherwise take effect in the next
-.I N
-seconds is instead assumed to take effect simultaneously.
-For example:
-.br
-.ne 7
-.nf
-.in +2
-.ta \w'# Rule\0\0'u +\w'NAME\0\0'u +\w'FROM\0\0'u +\w'2006\0\0'u +\w'\*-\0\0'u +\w'Oct\0\0'u +\w'lastSun\0\0'u +\w'2:00\0\0'u +\w'SAVE\0\0'u
-.sp
-# Rule NAME FROM TO \*- IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-.ta \w'# Zone\0\0'u +\w'America/Menominee\0\0'u +\w'STDOFF\0\0'u +\w'RULES\0\0'u +\w'FORMAT\0\0'u
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Menominee \*-5:00 \*- EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
- \*-6:00 US C%sT
-.sp
-.in
-.fi
-Here, an incorrect reading would be there were two clock changes on 1973-04-29,
-the first from 02:00 EST (\*-05) to 01:00 CST (\*-06),
-and the second an hour later from 02:00 CST (\*-06) to 03:00 CDT (\*-05).
-However,
-.B zic
-interprets this more sensibly as a single transition from 02:00 CST (\*-05) to
-02:00 CDT (\*-05).
-.PP
-A link line has the form
-.sp
-.nf
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Link\0\0'u +\w'Europe/Istanbul\0\0'u
-Link TARGET LINK-NAME
-.sp
-For example:
-.sp
-.ti +2
-Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul
-.sp
-.fi
-The
-.B TARGET
-field should appear as the
-.B NAME
-field in some zone line or as the
-.B LINK-NAME
-field in some link line.
-The
-.B LINK-NAME
-field is used as an alternative name for that zone;
-it has the same syntax as a zone line's
-.B NAME
-field.
-Links can chain together, although the behavior is unspecified if a
-chain of one or more links does not terminate in a Zone name.
-A link line can appear before the line that defines the link target.
-For example:
-.sp
-.ne 3
-.nf
-.in +2
-.ta \w'Zone\0\0'u +\w'Greenwich\0\0'u
-Link Greenwich G_M_T
-Link Etc/GMT Greenwich
-Zone Etc/GMT\0\00\0\0\*-\0\0GMT
-.sp
-.in
-.fi
-The two links are chained together, and G_M_T, Greenwich, and Etc/GMT
-all name the same zone.
-.PP
-Except for continuation lines,
-lines may appear in any order in the input.
-However, the behavior is unspecified if multiple zone or link lines
-define the same name.
-.PP
-The file that describes leap seconds can have leap lines and an
-expiration line.
-Leap lines have the following form:
-.nf
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Leap\0\0'u +\w'YEAR\0\0'u +\w'MONTH\0\0'u +\w'DAY\0\0'u +\w'HH:MM:SS\0\0'u +\w'CORR\0\0'u
-.sp
-Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S
-.sp
-For example:
-.ti +2
-.sp
-Leap 2016 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
-.sp
-.fi
-The
-.BR YEAR ,
-.BR MONTH ,
-.BR DAY ,
-and
-.B HH:MM:SS
-fields tell when the leap second happened.
-The
-.B CORR
-field
-should be
-.q "+"
-if a second was added
-or
-.q "\*-"
-if a second was skipped.
-The
-.B R/S
-field
-should be (an abbreviation of)
-.q "Stationary"
-if the leap second time given by the other fields should be interpreted as UTC
-or
-(an abbreviation of)
-.q "Rolling"
-if the leap second time given by the other fields should be interpreted as
-local (wall clock) time.
-.PP
-Rolling leap seconds were implemented back when it was not
-clear whether common practice was rolling or stationary,
-with concerns that one would see
-Times Square ball drops where there'd be a
-.q "3... 2... 1... leap... Happy New Year"
-countdown, placing the leap second at
-midnight New York time rather than midnight UTC.
-However, this countdown style does not seem to have caught on,
-which means rolling leap seconds are not used in practice;
-also, they are not supported if the
-.B \*-r
-option is used.
-.PP
-The expiration line, if present, has the form:
-.nf
-.ti +2
-.ta \w'Expires\0\0'u +\w'YEAR\0\0'u +\w'MONTH\0\0'u +\w'DAY\0\0'u
-.sp
-Expires YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS
-.sp
-For example:
-.ti +2
-.sp
-Expires 2020 Dec 28 00:00:00
-.sp
-.fi
-The
-.BR YEAR ,
-.BR MONTH ,
-.BR DAY ,
-and
-.B HH:MM:SS
-fields give the expiration timestamp in UTC for the leap second table.
-.br
-.ne 22
-.SH "EXTENDED EXAMPLE"
-Here is an extended example of
-.B zic
-input, intended to illustrate many of its features.
-.nf
-.in +2
-.ta \w'# Rule\0\0'u +\w'NAME\0\0'u +\w'FROM\0\0'u +\w'1973\0\0'u +\w'\*-\0\0'u +\w'Apr\0\0'u +\w'lastSun\0\0'u +\w'2:00\0\0'u +\w'SAVE\0\0'u
-.sp
-# Rule NAME FROM TO \*- IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Swiss 1941 1942 \*- May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S
-Rule Swiss 1941 1942 \*- Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 \*-
-.sp .5
-Rule EU 1977 1980 \*- Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S
-Rule EU 1977 only \*- Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 \*-
-Rule EU 1978 only \*- Oct 1 1:00u 0 \*-
-Rule EU 1979 1995 \*- Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 \*-
-Rule EU 1981 max \*- Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
-Rule EU 1996 max \*- Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 \*-
-.sp
-.ta \w'# Zone\0\0'u +\w'Europe/Zurich\0\0'u +\w'0:29:45.50\0\0'u +\w'RULES\0\0'u +\w'FORMAT\0\0'u
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 \*- LMT 1853 Jul 16
- 0:29:45.50 \*- BMT 1894 Jun
- 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
- 1:00 EU CE%sT
-.sp
-Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
-.sp
-.in
-.fi
-In this example, the EU rules are for the European Union
-and for its predecessor organization, the European Communities.
-The timezone is named Europe/Zurich and it has the alias Europe/Vaduz.
-This example says that Zurich was 34 minutes and 8
-seconds east of UT until 1853-07-16 at 00:00, when the legal offset
-was changed to
-7\*d\*_26\*m\*_22.50\*s,
-which works out to 0:29:45.50;
-.B zic
-treats this by rounding it to 0:29:46.
-After 1894-06-01 at 00:00 the UT offset became one hour
-and Swiss daylight saving rules (defined with lines beginning with
-.q "Rule Swiss")
-apply. From 1981 to the present, EU daylight saving rules have
-applied, and the UTC offset has remained at one hour.
-.PP
-In 1941 and 1942, daylight saving time applied from the first Monday
-in May at 01:00 to the first Monday in October at 02:00.
-The pre-1981 EU daylight-saving rules have no effect
-here, but are included for completeness. Since 1981, daylight
-saving has begun on the last Sunday in March at 01:00 UTC.
-Until 1995 it ended the last Sunday in September at 01:00 UTC,
-but this changed to the last Sunday in October starting in 1996.
-.PP
-For purposes of display,
-.q "LMT"
-and
-.q "BMT"
-were initially used, respectively. Since
-Swiss rules and later EU rules were applied, the time zone abbreviation
-has been CET for standard time and CEST for daylight saving
-time.
-.SH FILES
-.TP
-.I /etc/localtime
-Default local timezone file.
-.TP
-.I /usr/share/zoneinfo
-Default timezone information directory.
-.SH NOTES
-For areas with more than two types of local time,
-you may need to use local standard time in the
-.B AT
-field of the earliest transition time's rule to ensure that
-the earliest transition time recorded in the compiled file is correct.
-.PP
-If,
-for a particular timezone,
-a clock advance caused by the start of daylight saving
-coincides with and is equal to
-a clock retreat caused by a change in UT offset,
-.B zic
-produces a single transition to daylight saving at the new UT offset
-without any change in local (wall clock) time.
-To get separate transitions
-use multiple zone continuation lines
-specifying transition instants using universal time.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR tzfile (5),
-.BR zdump (8)