From 3d08cd331c1adcf0d917392f7e527b3f00511748 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Daniel Baumann Date: Fri, 24 May 2024 06:52:22 +0200 Subject: Merging upstream version 6.8. Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann --- man3/pow.3 | 383 ------------------------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 383 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 man3/pow.3 (limited to 'man3/pow.3') diff --git a/man3/pow.3 b/man3/pow.3 deleted file mode 100644 index 83fd8fb..0000000 --- a/man3/pow.3 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,383 +0,0 @@ -'\" t -.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk) -.\" and Copyright 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk -.\" -.\" -.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft -.\" -.\" References consulted: -.\" Linux libc source code -.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991) -.\" 386BSD man pages -.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) -.\" Modified 1995-08-14 by Arnt Gulbrandsen -.\" Modified 2002-07-27 by Walter Harms -.\" (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de) -.TH pow 3 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.7" -.SH NAME -pow, powf, powl \- power functions -.SH LIBRARY -Math library -.RI ( libm ", " \-lm ) -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.B #include -.P -.BI "double pow(double " x ", double " y ); -.BI "float powf(float " x ", float " y ); -.BI "long double powl(long double " x ", long double " y ); -.fi -.P -.RS -4 -Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see -.BR feature_test_macros (7)): -.RE -.P -.BR powf (), -.BR powl (): -.nf - _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L - || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE - || /* glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions return the value of -.I x -raised to the -power of -.IR y . -.SH RETURN VALUE -On success, these functions return the value of -.I x -to the power of -.IR y . -.P -If the result overflows, -a range error occurs, -.\" The range error is generated at least as far back as glibc 2.4 -and the functions return -.BR HUGE_VAL , -.BR HUGE_VALF , -or -.BR HUGE_VALL , -respectively, with the mathematically correct sign. -.P -If result underflows, and is not representable, -a range error occurs, -and 0.0 with the appropriate sign is returned. -.\" POSIX.1 does not specify the sign of the zero, -.\" but https://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2678 -.\" points out that the zero has the wrong sign in some cases. -.P -.\" pow(\(+-0, <0 [[odd]]) = HUGE_VAL* -If -.I x -is +0 or \-0, -and -.I y -is an odd integer less than 0, -a pole error occurs and -.BR HUGE_VAL , -.BR HUGE_VALF , -or -.BR HUGE_VALL , -is returned, -with the same sign as -.IR x . -.P -.\" pow(\(+-0, <0 [[!odd]]) = HUGE_VAL* -If -.I x -is +0 or \-0, -and -.I y -is less than 0 and not an odd integer, -a pole error occurs and -.\" The pole error is generated at least as far back as glibc 2.4 -.RB + HUGE_VAL , -.RB + HUGE_VALF , -or -.RB + HUGE_VALL , -is returned. -.P -.\" pow(\(+-0, >0 [[odd]]) = \(+-0 -If -.I x -is +0 (\-0), -and -.I y -is an odd integer greater than 0, -the result is +0 (\-0). -.P -.\" pow(\(+-0, >0 [[!odd]]) = +0 -If -.I x -is 0, -and -.I y -greater than 0 and not an odd integer, -the result is +0. -.P -.\" pow(-1, \(+-INFINITY) = 1.0 -If -.I x -is \-1, -and -.I y -is positive infinity or negative infinity, -the result is 1.0. -.P -.\" pow(+1, y) = 1.0 -If -.I x -is +1, the result is 1.0 (even if -.I y -is a NaN). -.P -.\" pow(x, \(+-0) = 1.0 -If -.I y -is 0, the result is 1.0 (even if -.I x -is a NaN). -.P -.\" pow(<0, y) = NaN -If -.I x -is a finite value less than 0, and -.I y -is a finite noninteger, a domain error occurs, -.\" The domain error is generated at least as far back as glibc 2.4 -and a NaN is returned. -.P -.\" pow(|x|<1, -INFINITY) = INFINITY -If the absolute value of -.I x -is less than 1, -and -.I y -is negative infinity, -the result is positive infinity. -.P -.\" pow(|x|>1, -INFINITY) = +0 -If the absolute value of -.I x -is greater than 1, -and -.I y -is negative infinity, -the result is +0. -.P -.\" pow(|x|<1, INFINITY) = +0 -If the absolute value of -.I x -is less than 1, -and -.I y -is positive infinity, -the result is +0. -.P -.\" pow(|x|>1, INFINITY) = INFINITY -If the absolute value of -.I x -is greater than 1, -and -.I y -is positive infinity, -the result is positive infinity. -.P -.\" pow(-INFINITY, <0 [[odd]]) = -0 -If -.I x -is negative infinity, -and -.I y -is an odd integer less than 0, -the result is \-0. -.P -.\" pow(-INFINITY, <0 [[!odd]]) = +0 -If -.I x -is negative infinity, -and -.I y -less than 0 and not an odd integer, -the result is +0. -.P -.\" pow(-INFINITY, >0 [[odd]]) = -INFINITY -If -.I x -is negative infinity, -and -.I y -is an odd integer greater than 0, -the result is negative infinity. -.P -.\" pow(-INFINITY, >0 [[!odd]]) = INFINITY -If -.I x -is negative infinity, -and -.I y -greater than 0 and not an odd integer, -the result is positive infinity. -.P -.\" pow(INFINITY, <0) = +0 -If -.I x -is positive infinity, -and -.I y -less than 0, -the result is +0. -.P -.\" pow(INFINITY, >0) = INFINITY -If -.I x -is positive infinity, -and -.I y -greater than 0, -the result is positive infinity. -.P -.\" pow(NaN, y) or pow(x, NaN) = NaN -Except as specified above, if -.I x -or -.I y -is a NaN, the result is a NaN. -.SH ERRORS -.\" FIXME . review status of this error -.\" longstanding bug report for glibc: -.\" https://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=369 -.\" For negative x, and -large and +large y, glibc 2.8 gives incorrect -.\" results -.\" pow(-0.5,-DBL_MAX)=nan -.\" EDOM FE_INVALID nan; fail-errno fail-except fail-result; -.\" FAIL (expected: range-error-overflow (ERANGE, FE_OVERFLOW); +INF) -.\" -.\" pow(-1.5,-DBL_MAX)=nan -.\" EDOM FE_INVALID nan; fail-errno fail-except fail-result; -.\" FAIL (expected: range-error-underflow (ERANGE, FE_UNDERFLOW); +0) -.\" -.\" pow(-0.5,DBL_MAX)=nan -.\" EDOM FE_INVALID nan; fail-errno fail-except fail-result; -.\" FAIL (expected: range-error-underflow (ERANGE, FE_UNDERFLOW); +0) -.\" -.\" pow(-1.5,DBL_MAX)=nan -.\" EDOM FE_INVALID nan; fail-errno fail-except fail-result; -.\" FAIL (expected: range-error-overflow (ERANGE, FE_OVERFLOW); +INF) -See -.BR math_error (7) -for information on how to determine whether an error has occurred -when calling these functions. -.P -The following errors can occur: -.TP -Domain error: \fIx\fP is negative, and \fIy\fP is a finite noninteger -.I errno -is set to -.BR EDOM . -An invalid floating-point exception -.RB ( FE_INVALID ) -is raised. -.TP -Pole error: \fIx\fP is zero, and \fIy\fP is negative -.I errno -is set to -.B ERANGE -(but see BUGS). -A divide-by-zero floating-point exception -.RB ( FE_DIVBYZERO ) -is raised. -.TP -Range error: the result overflows -.I errno -is set to -.BR ERANGE . -An overflow floating-point exception -.RB ( FE_OVERFLOW ) -is raised. -.TP -Range error: the result underflows -.I errno -is set to -.BR ERANGE . -An underflow floating-point exception -.RB ( FE_UNDERFLOW ) -is raised. -.SH ATTRIBUTES -For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see -.BR attributes (7). -.TS -allbox; -lbx lb lb -l l l. -Interface Attribute Value -T{ -.na -.nh -.BR pow (), -.BR powf (), -.BR powl () -T} Thread safety MT-Safe -.TE -.SH STANDARDS -C11, POSIX.1-2008. -.SH HISTORY -C99, POSIX.1-2001. -.P -The variant returning -.I double -also conforms to -SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89. -.SH BUGS -.SS Historical bugs (now fixed) -Before glibc 2.28, -.\" https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13932 -on some architectures (e.g., x86-64) -.BR pow () -may be more than 10,000 times slower for some inputs -than for other nearby inputs. -This affects only -.BR pow (), -and not -.BR powf () -nor -.BR powl (). -This problem was fixed -.\" commit c3d466cba1692708a19c6ff829d0386c83a0c6e5 -in glibc 2.28. -.P -A number of bugs -.\" https://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3866 -in the glibc implementation of -.BR pow () -were fixed in glibc 2.16. -.P -In glibc 2.9 and earlier, -.\" -.\" https://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776 -when a pole error occurs, -.I errno -is set to -.B EDOM -instead of the POSIX-mandated -.BR ERANGE . -Since glibc 2.10, -.\" or possibly 2.9, I haven't found the source code change -.\" and I don't have a 2.9 system to test -glibc does the right thing. -.P -In glibc 2.3.2 and earlier, -.\" Actually, glibc 2.3.2 is the earliest test result I have; so yet -.\" to confirm if this error occurs only in glibc 2.3.2. -when an overflow or underflow error occurs, glibc's -.BR pow () -generates a bogus invalid floating-point exception -.RB ( FE_INVALID ) -in addition to the overflow or underflow exception. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR cbrt (3), -.BR cpow (3), -.BR sqrt (3) -- cgit v1.2.3