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diff --git a/src/filemanager/cd.c b/src/filemanager/cd.c
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+/*
+ cd_to() function.
+
+ Copyright (C) 1995-2023
+ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ Written by:
+ Slava Zanko <slavazanko@gmail.com>, 2013
+ Andrew Borodin <aborodin@vmail.ru>, 2020
+
+ This file is part of the Midnight Commander.
+
+ The Midnight Commander is free software: you can redistribute it
+ and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License,
+ or (at your option) any later version.
+
+ The Midnight Commander is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/** \file cd.c
+ * \brief Source: cd_to() function
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "lib/global.h"
+#include "lib/vfs/vfs.h"
+#include "lib/strescape.h" /* strutils_shell_unescape() */
+#include "lib/util.h" /* whitespace() */
+#include "lib/widget.h" /* message() */
+
+#include "filemanager.h" /* current_panel, panel.h, layout.h */
+#include "tree.h" /* sync_tree() */
+
+#include "cd.h"
+
+/*** global variables ****************************************************************************/
+
+/*** file scope macro definitions ****************************************************************/
+
+/*** file scope type declarations ****************************************************************/
+
+/*** forward declarations (file scope functions) *************************************************/
+
+/*** file scope variables ************************************************************************/
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/*** file scope functions ************************************************************************/
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * Expand the argument to "cd" and change directory. First try tilde
+ * expansion, then variable substitution. If the CDPATH variable is set
+ * (e.g. CDPATH=".:~:/usr"), try all the paths contained there.
+ * We do not support such rare substitutions as ${var:-value} etc.
+ * No quoting is implemented here, so ${VAR} and $VAR will be always
+ * substituted. Wildcards are not supported either.
+ * Advanced users should be encouraged to use "\cd" instead of "cd" if
+ * they want the behavior they are used to in the shell.
+ *
+ * @param _path string to examine
+ * @return newly allocated string
+ */
+
+static GString *
+examine_cd (const char *_path)
+{
+ /* *INDENT-OFF* */
+ typedef enum
+ {
+ copy_sym,
+ subst_var
+ } state_t;
+ /* *INDENT-ON* */
+
+ state_t state = copy_sym;
+ GString *q;
+ char *path_tilde, *path;
+ char *p;
+
+ /* Tilde expansion */
+ path = strutils_shell_unescape (_path);
+ path_tilde = tilde_expand (path);
+ g_free (path);
+
+ q = g_string_sized_new (32);
+
+ /* Variable expansion */
+ for (p = path_tilde; *p != '\0';)
+ {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case copy_sym:
+ if (p[0] == '\\' && p[1] == '$')
+ {
+ g_string_append_c (q, '$');
+ p += 2;
+ }
+ else if (p[0] != '$' || p[1] == '[' || p[1] == '(')
+ {
+ g_string_append_c (q, *p);
+ p++;
+ }
+ else
+ state = subst_var;
+ break;
+
+ case subst_var:
+ {
+ char *s = NULL;
+ char c;
+ const char *t = NULL;
+
+ /* skip dollar */
+ p++;
+
+ if (p[0] == '{')
+ {
+ p++;
+ s = strchr (p, '}');
+ }
+ if (s == NULL)
+ s = strchr (p, PATH_SEP);
+ if (s == NULL)
+ s = strchr (p, '\0');
+ c = *s;
+ *s = '\0';
+ t = getenv (p);
+ *s = c;
+ if (t == NULL)
+ {
+ g_string_append_c (q, '$');
+ if (p[-1] != '$')
+ g_string_append_c (q, '{');
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ g_string_append (q, t);
+ p = s;
+ if (*s == '}')
+ p++;
+ }
+
+ state = copy_sym;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ g_free (path_tilde);
+
+ return q;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* CDPATH handling */
+static gboolean
+handle_cdpath (const char *path)
+{
+ gboolean result = FALSE;
+
+ /* CDPATH handling */
+ if (!IS_PATH_SEP (*path))
+ {
+ char *cdpath, *p;
+ char c;
+
+ cdpath = g_strdup (getenv ("CDPATH"));
+ p = cdpath;
+ c = (p == NULL) ? '\0' : ':';
+
+ while (!result && c == ':')
+ {
+ char *s;
+
+ s = strchr (p, ':');
+ if (s == NULL)
+ s = strchr (p, '\0');
+ c = *s;
+ *s = '\0';
+ if (*p != '\0')
+ {
+ vfs_path_t *r_vpath;
+
+ r_vpath = vfs_path_build_filename (p, path, (char *) NULL);
+ result = panel_cd (current_panel, r_vpath, cd_parse_command);
+ vfs_path_free (r_vpath, TRUE);
+ }
+ *s = c;
+ p = s + 1;
+ }
+ g_free (cdpath);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/*** public functions ****************************************************************************/
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/** Execute the cd command to specified path
+ *
+ * @param path path to cd
+ */
+
+void
+cd_to (const char *path)
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ /* Remove leading whitespaces. */
+ /* Any final whitespace should be removed here (to see why, try "cd fred "). */
+ /* NOTE: I think we should not remove the extra space,
+ that way, we can cd into hidden directories */
+ /* FIXME: what about interpreting quoted strings like the shell.
+ so one could type "cd <tab> M-a <enter>" and it would work. */
+ p = g_strstrip (g_strdup (path));
+
+ if (get_current_type () == view_tree)
+ {
+ vfs_path_t *new_vpath = NULL;
+
+ if (p[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ new_vpath = vfs_path_from_str (mc_config_get_home_dir ());
+ sync_tree (new_vpath);
+ }
+ else if (DIR_IS_DOTDOT (p))
+ {
+ if (vfs_path_elements_count (current_panel->cwd_vpath) != 1 ||
+ strlen (vfs_path_get_by_index (current_panel->cwd_vpath, 0)->path) > 1)
+ {
+ vfs_path_t *tmp_vpath = current_panel->cwd_vpath;
+
+ current_panel->cwd_vpath =
+ vfs_path_vtokens_get (tmp_vpath, 0, vfs_path_tokens_count (tmp_vpath) - 1);
+ vfs_path_free (tmp_vpath, TRUE);
+ }
+ sync_tree (current_panel->cwd_vpath);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (IS_PATH_SEP (*p))
+ new_vpath = vfs_path_from_str (p);
+ else
+ new_vpath = vfs_path_append_new (current_panel->cwd_vpath, p, (char *) NULL);
+
+ sync_tree (new_vpath);
+ }
+
+ vfs_path_free (new_vpath, TRUE);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ GString *s_path;
+ vfs_path_t *q_vpath;
+ gboolean ok;
+
+ s_path = examine_cd (p);
+
+ if (s_path->len == 0)
+ q_vpath = vfs_path_from_str (mc_config_get_home_dir ());
+ else
+ q_vpath = vfs_path_from_str_flags (s_path->str, VPF_NO_CANON);
+
+ ok = panel_cd (current_panel, q_vpath, cd_parse_command);
+ if (!ok)
+ ok = handle_cdpath (s_path->str);
+ if (!ok)
+ {
+ char *d;
+
+ d = vfs_path_to_str_flags (q_vpath, 0, VPF_STRIP_PASSWORD);
+ cd_error_message (d);
+ g_free (d);
+ }
+
+ vfs_path_free (q_vpath, TRUE);
+ g_string_free (s_path, TRUE);
+ }
+
+ g_free (p);
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void
+cd_error_message (const char *path)
+{
+ message (D_ERROR, MSG_ERROR, _("Cannot change directory to\n%s\n%s"), path,
+ unix_error_string (errno));
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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