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diff --git a/docs/cloud/visualize/kubernetes.md b/docs/cloud/visualize/kubernetes.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..82c33fd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cloud/visualize/kubernetes.md @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +<!-- +title: "Kubernetes visualizations" +description: "Netdata Cloud features rich, zero-configuration Kubernetes monitoring for the resource utilization and application metrics of Kubernetes (k8s) clusters." +custom_edit_url: "https://github.com/netdata/netdata/blob/master/docs/cloud/visualize/kubernetes.md" +sidebar_label: "Kubernetes visualizations" +learn_status: "Published" +learn_topic_type: "Concepts" +learn_rel_path: "Operations/Visualizations" +--> + +# Kubernetes visualizations + +Netdata Cloud features enhanced visualizations for the resource utilization of Kubernetes (k8s) clusters, embedded in +the default [Overview](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/blob/master/docs/cloud/visualize/overview.md) dashboard. + +These visualizations include a health map for viewing the status of k8s pods/containers, in addition to composite charts +for viewing per-second CPU, memory, disk, and networking metrics from k8s nodes. + +See our [Kubernetes deployment instructions](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/blob/master/packaging/installer/methods/kubernetes.md) for details on +installation and connecting to Netdata Cloud. + +## Available Kubernetes metrics + +Netdata Cloud organizes and visualizes the following metrics from your Kubernetes cluster from every container: + +- `cpu_limit`: CPU utilization as a percentage of the limit defined by the [pod specification + `spec.containers[].resources.limits.cpu`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/#resource-requests-and-limits-of-pod-and-container) + or a [`LimitRange` + object](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/manage-resources/cpu-default-namespace/#create-a-limitrange-and-a-pod). +- `cpu`: CPU utilization of the pod/container. 100% usage equals 1 fully-utilized core, 200% equals 2 fully-utilized + cores, and so on. +- `cpu_per_core`: CPU utilization averaged across available cores. +- `mem_usage_limit`: Memory utilization, without cache, as a percentage of the limit defined by the [pod specification + `spec.containers[].resources.limits.memory`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/#resource-requests-and-limits-of-pod-and-container) + or a [`LimitRange` + object](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/manage-resources/cpu-default-namespace/#create-a-limitrange-and-a-pod). +- `mem_usage`: Used memory, without cache. +- `mem`: The sum of `cache` and `rss` (resident set size) memory usage. +- `writeback`: The size of `dirty` and `writeback` cache. +- `mem_activity`: Sum of `in` and `out` bandwidth. +- `pgfaults`: Sum of page fault bandwidth, which are raised when the Kubernetes cluster tries accessing a memory page + that is mapped into the virtual address space, but not actually loaded into main memory. +- `throttle_io`: Sum of `read` and `write` per second across all PVs/PVCs attached to the container. +- `throttle_serviced_ops`: Sum of the `read` and `write` operations per second across all PVs/PVCs attached to the + container. +- `net.net`: Sum of `received` and `sent` bandwidth per second. +- `net.packets`: Sum of `multicast`, `received`, and `sent` packets. + +When viewing the [health map](#health-map), Netdata Cloud shows the above metrics per container, or aggregated based on +their associated pods. + +When viewing the [composite charts](#composite-charts), Netdata Cloud aggregates metrics from multiple nodes, pods, or +containers, depending on the grouping chosen. For example, if you group the `cpu_limit` composite chart by +`k8s_namespace`, the metrics shown will be the average of `cpu_limit` metrics from all nodes/pods/containers that are +part of that namespace. + +## Health map + +The health map places each container or pod as a single box, then varies the intensity of its color to visualize the +resource utilization of specific k8s pods/containers. + + + +Change the health map's coloring, grouping, and displayed nodes to customize your experience and learn more about the +status of your k8s cluster. + +### Color by + +Color the health map by choosing an aggregate function to apply to an [available Kubernetes +metric](#available-kubernetes-metrics), then whether you to display boxes for individual pods or containers. + +The default is the _average, of CPU within the configured limit, organized by container_. + +### Group by + +Group the health map by the `k8s_cluster_id`, `k8s_controller_kind`, `k8s_controller_name`, `k8s_kind`, `k8s_namespace`, +and `k8s_node_name`. The default is `k8s_controller_name`. + +### Filtering + +Filtering behaves identically to the [node filter in War Rooms](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/blob/master/docs/cloud/visualize/node-filter.md), with the ability to +filter pods/containers by `container_id` and `namespace`. + +### Detailed information + +Hover over any of the pods/containers in the map to display a modal window, which contains contextual information +and real-time metrics from that resource. + + + +The **context** tab provides the following details about a container or pod: + +- Cluster ID +- Node +- Controller Kind +- Controller Name +- Pod Name +- Container +- Kind +- Pod UID + +This information helps orient you as to where the container/pod operates inside your cluster. + +The **Metrics** tab contains charts visualizing the last 15 minutes of the same metrics available in the [color by +option](#color-by). Use these metrics along with the context, to identify which containers or pods are experiencing +problematic behavior to investigate further, troubleshoot, and remediate with `kubectl` or another tool. + +## Composite charts + +The Kubernetes composite charts show real-time and historical resource utilization metrics from nodes, pods, or +containers within your Kubernetes deployment. + +See the [Overview](https://github.com/netdata/netdata/blob/master/docs/cloud/visualize/overview.md#definition-bar) doc for details on how composite charts work. These +work similarly, but in addition to visualizing _by dimension_ and _by node_, Kubernetes composite charts can also be +grouped by the following labels: + +- `k8s_cluster_id` +- `k8s_container_id` +- `k8s_container_name` +- `k8s_controller_kind` +- `k8s_kind` +- `k8s_namespace` +- `k8s_node_name` +- `k8s_pod_name` +- `k8s_pod_uid` + + + +In addition, when you hover over a composite chart, the colors in the heat map changes as well, so you can see how +certain pod/container-level metrics change over time. + +## Caveats + +There are some caveats and known issues with Kubernetes monitoring with Netdata Cloud. + +- **No way to remove any nodes** you might have + [drained](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/safely-drain-node/) from your Kubernetes cluster. These + drained nodes will be marked "unreachable" and will show up in War Room management screens/dropdowns. The same applies + for any ephemeral nodes created and destroyed during horizontal scaling. |