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local http = require "http"
local nmap = require "nmap"
local shortport = require "shortport"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local table = require "table"
description = [[
Exploits the Max-Forwards HTTP header to detect the presence of reverse proxies.
The script works by sending HTTP requests with values of the Max-Forwards HTTP
header varying from 0 to 2 and checking for any anomalies in certain response
values such as the status code, Server, Content-Type and Content-Length HTTP
headers and body values such as the HTML title.
Based on the work of:
* Nicolas Gregoire (nicolas.gregoire@agarri.fr)
* Julien Cayssol (tools@aqwz.com)
For more information, see:
* http://www.agarri.fr/kom/archives/2011/11/12/traceroute-like_http_scanner/index.html
]]
---
-- @args http-traceroute.path The path to send requests to. Defaults to <code>/</code>.
-- @args http-traceroute.method HTTP request method to use. Defaults to <code>GET</code>.
-- Among other values, TRACE is probably the most interesting.
--
-- @usage
-- nmap --script=http-traceroute <targets>
--
--@output
-- PORT STATE SERVICE REASON
-- 80/tcp open http syn-ack
-- | http-traceroute:
-- | HTML title
-- | Hop #1: Twitter / Over capacity
-- | Hop #2: t.co / Twitter
-- | Hop #3: t.co / Twitter
-- | Status Code
-- | Hop #1: 502
-- | Hop #2: 200
-- | Hop #3: 200
-- | server
-- | Hop #1: Apache
-- | Hop #2: hi
-- | Hop #3: hi
-- | content-type
-- | Hop #1: text/html; charset=UTF-8
-- | Hop #2: text/html; charset=utf-8
-- | Hop #3: text/html; charset=utf-8
-- | content-length
-- | Hop #1: 4833
-- | Hop #2: 3280
-- | Hop #3: 3280
-- | last-modified
-- | Hop #1: Thu, 05 Apr 2012 00:19:40 GMT
-- | Hop #2
-- |_ Hop #3
author = "Hani Benhabiles"
license = "Same as Nmap--See https://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html"
categories = {"discovery", "safe"}
portrule = shortport.service("http")
--- Attempts to extract the html title
-- from an HTTP response body.
--@param responsebody Response's body.
local function extract_title (responsebody)
return responsebody:match "<title>(.-)</title>"
end
--- Attempts to extract the X-Forwarded-For header
-- from an HTTP response body in case of TRACE requests.
--@param responsebody Response's body.
local function extract_xfwd (responsebody)
return responsebody:match "X-Forwarded-For: [^\r\n]*"
end
--- Check for differences in response headers, status code
-- and html title between responses.
--@param responses Responses to compare.
--@param method Used HTTP method.
local compare_responses = function(responses, method)
local response, key
local results = {}
local result = {}
local titles = {}
local interesting_headers = {
'server',
'via',
'x-via',
'x-forwarded-for',
'content-type',
'content-length',
'last-modified',
'location',
}
-- Check page title
for key,response in pairs(responses) do
titles[key] = extract_title(response.body)
end
if titles[1] ~= titles[2] or
titles[1] ~= titles[3] then
table.insert(results, 'HTML title')
for key,response in pairs(responses) do
table.insert(result, "Hop #" .. key .. ": " .. titles[key])
end
table.insert(results, result)
end
-- Check status code
if responses[1].status == 502 or
responses[1].status == 483 or
responses[1].status ~= responses[2].status or
responses[1].status ~= responses[3].status then
result = {}
table.insert(results, 'Status Code')
for key,response in pairs(responses) do
table.insert(result, "Hop #" .. key .. ": " .. tostring(response.status))
end
table.insert(results, result)
end
-- Check headers
for _,header in pairs(interesting_headers) do
-- Compare header of different responses
if responses[1].header[header] ~= responses[2].header[header] or
responses[1].header[header] ~= responses[3].header[header] then
result = {}
table.insert(results, header)
for key,response in pairs(responses) do
if response.header[header] ~= nil then
table.insert(result, "Hop #" .. key .. ": " .. tostring(response.header[header]))
else
table.insert(result, "Hop #" .. key)
end
end
table.insert(results, result)
end
end
-- Check for X-Forwarded-For in the response body
-- when using TRACE method
if method == "TRACE" then
local xfwd = extract_xfwd(responses[1].body)
if xfwd ~= nil then
table.insert(results, xfwd)
end
end
return results
end
action = function(host, port)
local path = stdnse.get_script_args(SCRIPT_NAME .. '.path') or "/"
local method = stdnse.get_script_args(SCRIPT_NAME .. '.method') or "GET"
local responses = {}
local detected = "Possible reverse proxy detected."
for i = 0,2 do
local response = http.generic_request(host, port, method, path, { ['header'] = { ['Max-Forwards'] = i }, ['no_cache'] = true})
table.insert(responses, response)
end
-- Check results
local results = compare_responses(responses, method)
if results ~= nil and nmap.verbosity() == 1 then
return stdnse.format_output(true,detected)
else
return stdnse.format_output(true,results)
end
end
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