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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-10 19:59:03 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-10 19:59:03 +0000
commita848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92 (patch)
tree44b60b367c86723cc78383ef247885d72b388afe /html/transport.5.html
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadpostfix-a848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92.tar.xz
postfix-a848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92.zip
Adding upstream version 3.8.5.upstream/3.8.5
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
+<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='postfix-doc.css'>
+<title> Postfix manual - transport(5) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+TRANSPORT(5) TRANSPORT(5)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ transport - Postfix transport table format
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>postmap /etc/postfix/transport</b>
+
+ <b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" /etc/postfix/transport</b>
+
+ <b>postmap -q - /etc/postfix/transport</b> &lt;<i>inputfile</i>
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The optional <a href="transport.5.html"><b>transport</b>(5)</a> table specifies a mapping from email
+ addresses to message delivery transports and next-hop destinations.
+ Message delivery transports such as <b>local</b> or <b>smtp</b> are defined in the
+ <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file, and next-hop destinations are typically hosts or domain
+ names. The table is searched by the <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon.
+
+ This mapping overrides the default <i>transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> selection that is
+ built into Postfix:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> (default: <a href="local.8.html">local</a>:$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
+ This is the default for final delivery to domains listed with
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>, and for [<i>ipaddress</i>] destinations that match
+ <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b> or <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>. The default <i>nexthop</i> des-
+ tination is the MTA hostname.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> (default: <a href="virtual.8.html">virtual</a>:)</b>
+ This is the default for final delivery to domains listed with
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a></b>. The default <i>nexthop</i> destination is the
+ recipient domain.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> (default: relay:)</b>
+ This is the default for remote delivery to domains listed with
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a></b>. In order of decreasing precedence, the <i>nexthop</i>
+ destination is taken from <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">dent_relayhost_maps</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a></b>, or from the recipient domain.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> (default: <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:)</b>
+ This is the default for remote delivery to other destinations.
+ In order of decreasing precedence, the <i>nexthop</i> destination is
+ taken from <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a>,</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a></b>,
+ or from the recipient domain.
+
+ Normally, the <a href="transport.5.html"><b>transport</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file that
+ serves as input to the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command. The result, an indexed file
+ in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for fast searching by the mail system.
+ Execute the command "<b>postmap /etc/postfix/transport</b>" to rebuild an
+ indexed file after changing the corresponding transport table.
+
+ When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, LDAP or SQL,
+ the same lookups are done as for ordinary indexed files.
+
+ Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-expression map
+ where patterns are given as regular expressions, or lookups can be
+ directed to a TCP-based server. In those case, the lookups are done in
+ a slightly different way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION
+ TABLES" or "TCP-BASED TABLES".
+
+<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
+ The search string is folded to lowercase before database lookup. As of
+ Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case folded with database types
+ such as <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: or <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>: whose lookup fields can match both upper and
+ lower case.
+
+<b>TABLE FORMAT</b>
+ The input format for the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command is as follows:
+
+ <i>pattern result</i>
+ When <i>pattern</i> matches the recipient address or domain, use the
+ corresponding <i>result</i>.
+
+ blank lines and comments
+ Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines
+ whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.
+
+ multi-line text
+ A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that
+ starts with whitespace continues a logical line.
+
+ The <i>pattern</i> specifies an email address, a domain name, or a domain name
+ hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE SEARCH ORDER".
+
+ The <i>result</i> is of the form <i>transport:nexthop</i> and specifies how or where
+ to deliver mail. This is described in section "RESULT FORMAT".
+
+<b>TABLE SEARCH ORDER</b>
+ With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked
+ tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are tried in the order as
+ listed below:
+
+ <i>user+extension@domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i>
+ Deliver mail for <i>user+extension@domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nex-</i>
+ <i>thop</i>.
+
+ <i>user@domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i>
+ Deliver mail for <i>user@domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nexthop</i>.
+
+ <i>domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i>
+ Deliver mail for <i>domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nexthop</i>.
+
+ <i>.domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i>
+ Deliver mail for any subdomain of <i>domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to
+ <i>nexthop</i>. This applies only when the string <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a></b> is not
+ listed in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a></b> configuration
+ setting. Otherwise, a domain name matches itself and its subdo-
+ mains.
+
+ <b>*</b> <i>transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i>
+ The special pattern <b>*</b> represents any address (i.e. it functions
+ as the wild-card pattern, and is unique to Postfix transport
+ tables).
+
+ Note 1: the null recipient address is looked up as
+ <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a></b>@<b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a></b> (default: mailer-daemon@hostname).
+
+ Note 2: <i>user@domain</i> or <i>user+extension@domain</i> lookup is available in
+ Postfix 2.0 and later.
+
+<b>RESULT FORMAT</b>
+ The lookup result is of the form <i>transport</i><b>:</b><i>nexthop</i>. The <i>transport</i>
+ field specifies a mail delivery transport such as <b>smtp</b> or <b>local</b>. The
+ <i>nexthop</i> field specifies where and how to deliver mail.
+
+ The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport
+ (the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix <a href="master.5.html"><b>mas-</b>
+ <b>ter.cf</b></a> file).
+
+ The nexthop field usually specifies one recipient domain or hostname.
+ In the case of the Postfix SMTP/LMTP client, the nexthop field may con-
+ tain a list of nexthop destinations separated by comma or whitespace
+ (Postfix 3.5 and later).
+
+ The syntax of a nexthop destination is transport dependent. With SMTP,
+ specify a service on a non-default port as <i>host</i>:<i>service</i>, and disable MX
+ (mail exchanger) DNS lookups with [<i>host</i>] or [<i>host</i>]:<i>port</i>. The [] form is
+ required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname.
+
+ A null <i>transport</i> and null <i>nexthop</i> field means "do not change": use the
+ delivery transport and nexthop information that would be used when the
+ entire transport table did not exist.
+
+ A non-null <i>transport</i> field with a null <i>nexthop</i> field resets the nexthop
+ information to the recipient domain.
+
+ A null <i>transport</i> field with non-null <i>nexthop</i> field does not modify the
+ transport information.
+
+<b>EXAMPLES</b>
+ In order to deliver internal mail directly, while using a mail relay
+ for all other mail, specify a null entry for internal destinations (do
+ not change the delivery transport or the nexthop information) and spec-
+ ify a wildcard for all other destinations.
+
+ <b>my.domain :</b>
+ <b>.my.domain :</b>
+ <b>* <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:outbound-relay.my.domain</b>
+
+ In order to send mail for <b>example.com</b> and its subdomains via the <b>uucp</b>
+ transport to the UUCP host named <b>example</b>:
+
+ <b>example.com uucp:example</b>
+ <b>.example.com uucp:example</b>
+
+ When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain name is
+ used instead. For example, the following directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>exam-</b>
+ <b>ple.com</b> via the <b>slow</b> transport to a mail exchanger for <b>example.com</b>.
+ The <b>slow</b> transport could be configured to run at most one delivery
+ process at a time:
+
+ <b>example.com slow:</b>
+
+ When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that matches
+ the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION above). The following sends
+ all mail for <b>example.com</b> and its subdomains to host <b>gateway.exam-</b>
+ <b>ple.com</b>:
+
+ <b>example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b>
+ <b>.example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b>
+
+ In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups. This prevents mail
+ routing loops when your machine is primary MX host for <b>example.com</b>.
+
+ In the case of delivery via SMTP or LMTP, one may specify <i>host</i>:<i>service</i>
+ instead of just a host:
+
+ <b>example.com <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.example:2025</b>
+
+ This directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>example.com</b> to host <b>bar.example</b> port <b>2025</b>.
+ Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be used. Specify []
+ around the hostname if MX lookups must be disabled.
+
+ Deliveries via SMTP or LMTP support multiple destinations (Postfix &gt;=
+ 3.5):
+
+ <b>example.com <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.example, foo.example</b>
+
+ This tries to deliver to <b>bar.example</b> before trying to deliver to
+ <b>foo.example</b>.
+
+ The error mailer can be used to bounce mail:
+
+ <b>.example.com <a href="error.8.html">error</a>:mail for *.example.com is not deliverable</b>
+
+ This causes all mail for <i>user</i>@<i>anything</i><b>.example.com</b> to be bounced.
+
+<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
+ This section describes how the table lookups change when the table is
+ given in the form of regular expressions. For a description of regular
+ expression lookup table syntax, see <a href="regexp_table.5.html"><b>regexp_table</b>(5)</a> or <a href="pcre_table.5.html"><b>pcre_table</b>(5)</a>.
+
+ Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to the entire
+ address being looked up. Thus, <i>some.domain.hierarchy</i> is not looked up
+ via its parent domains, nor is <i>user+foo@domain</i> looked up as
+ <i>user@domain</i>.
+
+ Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a
+ pattern is found that matches the search string.
+
+ The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> server disallows regular expression substitution
+ of $1 etc. in regular expression lookup tables, because that could open
+ a security hole (Postfix version 2.3 and later).
+
+<b>TCP-BASED TABLES</b>
+ This section describes how the table lookups change when lookups are
+ directed to a TCP-based server. For a description of the TCP
+ client/server lookup protocol, see <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>tcp_table</b>(5)</a>. This feature is not
+ available up to and including Postfix version 2.4.
+
+ Each lookup operation uses the entire recipient address once. Thus,
+ <i>some.domain.hierarchy</i> is not looked up via its parent domains, nor is
+ <i>user+foo@domain</i> looked up as <i>user@domain</i>.
+
+ Results are the same as with indexed file lookups.
+
+<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
+ The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant. The text
+ below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more
+ details including examples.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a> (MAILER-DAEMON)</b>
+ The recipient of mail addressed to the null address.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ A list of Postfix features where the pattern "example.com" also
+ matches subdomains of example.com, instead of requiring an
+ explicit ".example.com" pattern.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional lookup tables with mappings from recipient address to
+ (message delivery transport, next-hop destination).
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html">trivial-rewrite(8)</a>, rewrite and resolve addresses
+ <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> file format
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
+ <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
+
+<b>README FILES</b>
+ <a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, address rewriting guide
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
+ <a href="FILTER_README.html">FILTER_README</a>, external content filter
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Wietse Venema
+ IBM T.J. Watson Research
+ P.O. Box 704
+ Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
+
+ Wietse Venema
+ Google, Inc.
+ 111 8th Avenue
+ New York, NY 10011, USA
+
+ TRANSPORT(5)
+</pre> </body> </html>