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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c')
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c | 1438 |
1 files changed, 1438 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6f4d2b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c @@ -0,0 +1,1438 @@ +/* + * This is a port of the Double Metaphone algorithm for use in PostgreSQL. + * + * contrib/fuzzystrmatch/dmetaphone.c + * + * Double Metaphone computes 2 "sounds like" strings - a primary and an + * alternate. In most cases they are the same, but for foreign names + * especially they can be a bit different, depending on pronunciation. + * + * Information on using Double Metaphone can be found at + * http://www.codeproject.com/string/dmetaphone1.asp + * and the original article describing it can be found at + * http://drdobbs.com/184401251 + * + * For PostgreSQL we provide 2 functions - one for the primary and one for + * the alternate. That way the functions are pure text->text mappings that + * are useful in functional indexes. These are 'dmetaphone' for the + * primary and 'dmetaphone_alt' for the alternate. + * + * Assuming that dmetaphone.so is in $libdir, the SQL to set up the + * functions looks like this: + * + * CREATE FUNCTION dmetaphone (text) RETURNS text + * LANGUAGE C IMMUTABLE STRICT + * AS '$libdir/dmetaphone', 'dmetaphone'; + * + * CREATE FUNCTION dmetaphone_alt (text) RETURNS text + * LANGUAGE C IMMUTABLE STRICT + * AS '$libdir/dmetaphone', 'dmetaphone_alt'; + * + * Note that you have to declare the functions IMMUTABLE if you want to + * use them in functional indexes, and you have to declare them as STRICT + * as they do not check for NULL input, and will segfault if given NULL input. + * (See below for alternative ) Declaring them as STRICT means PostgreSQL + * will never call them with NULL, but instead assume the result is NULL, + * which is what we (I) want. + * + * Alternatively, compile with -DDMETAPHONE_NOSTRICT and the functions + * will detect NULL input and return NULL. The you don't have to declare them + * as STRICT. + * + * There is a small inefficiency here - each function call actually computes + * both the primary and the alternate and then throws away the one it doesn't + * need. That's the way the perl module was written, because perl can handle + * a list return more easily than we can in PostgreSQL. The result has been + * fast enough for my needs, but it could maybe be optimized a bit to remove + * that behaviour. + * + */ + + +/***************************** COPYRIGHT NOTICES *********************** + +Most of this code is directly from the Text::DoubleMetaphone perl module +version 0.05 available from https://www.cpan.org/. +It bears this copyright notice: + + + Copyright 2000, Maurice Aubrey <maurice@hevanet.com>. + All rights reserved. + + This code is based heavily on the C++ implementation by + Lawrence Philips and incorporates several bug fixes courtesy + of Kevin Atkinson <kevina@users.sourceforge.net>. + + This module is free software; you may redistribute it and/or + modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. + +The remaining code is authored by Andrew Dunstan <amdunstan@ncshp.org> and +<andrew@dunslane.net> and is covered this copyright: + + Copyright 2003, North Carolina State Highway Patrol. + All rights reserved. + + Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its + documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written agreement + is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this + paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies. + + IN NO EVENT SHALL THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HIGHWAY PATROL BE LIABLE TO ANY + PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, + INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS + DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HIGHWAY PATROL HAS BEEN + ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + + THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HIGHWAY PATROL SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY + WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED + HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE HIGHWAY PATROL + HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR + MODIFICATIONS. + +***********************************************************************/ + + +/* include these first, according to the docs */ +#ifndef DMETAPHONE_MAIN + +#include "postgres.h" + +#include "utils/builtins.h" + +/* turn off assertions for embedded function */ +#define NDEBUG + +#else /* DMETAPHONE_MAIN */ + +/* we need these if we didn't get them from postgres.h */ +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <stdarg.h> + +#endif /* DMETAPHONE_MAIN */ + +#include <assert.h> +#include <ctype.h> + +/* prototype for the main function we got from the perl module */ +static void DoubleMetaphone(char *, char **); + +#ifndef DMETAPHONE_MAIN + +/* + * The PostgreSQL visible dmetaphone function. + */ + +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone); + +Datum +dmetaphone(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +{ + text *arg; + char *aptr, + *codes[2], + *code; + +#ifdef DMETAPHONE_NOSTRICT + if (PG_ARGISNULL(0)) + PG_RETURN_NULL(); +#endif + arg = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0); + aptr = text_to_cstring(arg); + + DoubleMetaphone(aptr, codes); + code = codes[0]; + if (!code) + code = ""; + + PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(code)); +} + +/* + * The PostgreSQL visible dmetaphone_alt function. + */ + +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(dmetaphone_alt); + +Datum +dmetaphone_alt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +{ + text *arg; + char *aptr, + *codes[2], + *code; + +#ifdef DMETAPHONE_NOSTRICT + if (PG_ARGISNULL(0)) + PG_RETURN_NULL(); +#endif + arg = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0); + aptr = text_to_cstring(arg); + + DoubleMetaphone(aptr, codes); + code = codes[1]; + if (!code) + code = ""; + + PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(cstring_to_text(code)); +} + + +/* here is where we start the code imported from the perl module */ + +/* all memory handling is done with these macros */ + +#define META_MALLOC(v,n,t) \ + (v = (t*)palloc(((n)*sizeof(t)))) + +#define META_REALLOC(v,n,t) \ + (v = (t*)repalloc((v),((n)*sizeof(t)))) + +/* + * Don't do pfree - it seems to cause a SIGSEGV sometimes - which might have just + * been caused by reloading the module in development. + * So we rely on context cleanup - Tom Lane says pfree shouldn't be necessary + * in a case like this. + */ + +#define META_FREE(x) ((void)true) /* pfree((x)) */ +#else /* not defined DMETAPHONE_MAIN */ + +/* use the standard malloc library when not running in PostgreSQL */ + +#define META_MALLOC(v,n,t) \ + (v = (t*)malloc(((n)*sizeof(t)))) + +#define META_REALLOC(v,n,t) \ + (v = (t*)realloc((v),((n)*sizeof(t)))) + +#define META_FREE(x) free((x)) +#endif /* defined DMETAPHONE_MAIN */ + + + +/* this typedef was originally in the perl module's .h file */ + +typedef struct +{ + char *str; + int length; + int bufsize; + int free_string_on_destroy; +} + +metastring; + +/* + * remaining perl module funcs unchanged except for declaring them static + * and reformatting to PostgreSQL indentation and to fit in 80 cols. + * + */ + +static metastring * +NewMetaString(const char *init_str) +{ + metastring *s; + char empty_string[] = ""; + + META_MALLOC(s, 1, metastring); + assert(s != NULL); + + if (init_str == NULL) + init_str = empty_string; + s->length = strlen(init_str); + /* preallocate a bit more for potential growth */ + s->bufsize = s->length + 7; + + META_MALLOC(s->str, s->bufsize, char); + assert(s->str != NULL); + + memcpy(s->str, init_str, s->length + 1); + s->free_string_on_destroy = 1; + + return s; +} + + +static void +DestroyMetaString(metastring *s) +{ + if (s == NULL) + return; + + if (s->free_string_on_destroy && (s->str != NULL)) + META_FREE(s->str); + + META_FREE(s); +} + + +static void +IncreaseBuffer(metastring *s, int chars_needed) +{ + META_REALLOC(s->str, (s->bufsize + chars_needed + 10), char); + assert(s->str != NULL); + s->bufsize = s->bufsize + chars_needed + 10; +} + + +static void +MakeUpper(metastring *s) +{ + char *i; + + for (i = s->str; *i; i++) + *i = toupper((unsigned char) *i); +} + + +static int +IsVowel(metastring *s, int pos) +{ + char c; + + if ((pos < 0) || (pos >= s->length)) + return 0; + + c = *(s->str + pos); + if ((c == 'A') || (c == 'E') || (c == 'I') || (c == 'O') || + (c == 'U') || (c == 'Y')) + return 1; + + return 0; +} + + +static int +SlavoGermanic(metastring *s) +{ + if ((char *) strstr(s->str, "W")) + return 1; + else if ((char *) strstr(s->str, "K")) + return 1; + else if ((char *) strstr(s->str, "CZ")) + return 1; + else if ((char *) strstr(s->str, "WITZ")) + return 1; + else + return 0; +} + + +static char +GetAt(metastring *s, int pos) +{ + if ((pos < 0) || (pos >= s->length)) + return '\0'; + + return ((char) *(s->str + pos)); +} + + +static void +SetAt(metastring *s, int pos, char c) +{ + if ((pos < 0) || (pos >= s->length)) + return; + + *(s->str + pos) = c; +} + + +/* + Caveats: the START value is 0 based +*/ +static int +StringAt(metastring *s, int start, int length,...) +{ + char *test; + char *pos; + va_list ap; + + if ((start < 0) || (start >= s->length)) + return 0; + + pos = (s->str + start); + va_start(ap, length); + + do + { + test = va_arg(ap, char *); + if (*test && (strncmp(pos, test, length) == 0)) + { + va_end(ap); + return 1; + } + } + while (strcmp(test, "") != 0); + + va_end(ap); + + return 0; +} + + +static void +MetaphAdd(metastring *s, const char *new_str) +{ + int add_length; + + if (new_str == NULL) + return; + + add_length = strlen(new_str); + if ((s->length + add_length) > (s->bufsize - 1)) + IncreaseBuffer(s, add_length); + + strcat(s->str, new_str); + s->length += add_length; +} + + +static void +DoubleMetaphone(char *str, char **codes) +{ + int length; + metastring *original; + metastring *primary; + metastring *secondary; + int current; + int last; + + current = 0; + /* we need the real length and last prior to padding */ + length = strlen(str); + last = length - 1; + original = NewMetaString(str); + /* Pad original so we can index beyond end */ + MetaphAdd(original, " "); + + primary = NewMetaString(""); + secondary = NewMetaString(""); + primary->free_string_on_destroy = 0; + secondary->free_string_on_destroy = 0; + + MakeUpper(original); + + /* skip these when at start of word */ + if (StringAt(original, 0, 2, "GN", "KN", "PN", "WR", "PS", "")) + current += 1; + + /* Initial 'X' is pronounced 'Z' e.g. 'Xavier' */ + if (GetAt(original, 0) == 'X') + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); /* 'Z' maps to 'S' */ + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + current += 1; + } + + /* main loop */ + while ((primary->length < 4) || (secondary->length < 4)) + { + if (current >= length) + break; + + switch (GetAt(original, current)) + { + case 'A': + case 'E': + case 'I': + case 'O': + case 'U': + case 'Y': + if (current == 0) + { + /* all init vowels now map to 'A' */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "A"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "A"); + } + current += 1; + break; + + case 'B': + + /* "-mb", e.g", "dumb", already skipped over... */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "P"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "P"); + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'B') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case '\xc7': /* C with cedilla */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + current += 1; + break; + + case 'C': + /* various germanic */ + if ((current > 1) + && !IsVowel(original, current - 2) + && StringAt(original, (current - 1), 3, "ACH", "") + && ((GetAt(original, current + 2) != 'I') + && ((GetAt(original, current + 2) != 'E') + || StringAt(original, (current - 2), 6, "BACHER", + "MACHER", "")))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* special case 'caesar' */ + if ((current == 0) + && StringAt(original, current, 6, "CAESAR", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* italian 'chianti' */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 4, "CHIA", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "CH", "")) + { + /* find 'michael' */ + if ((current > 0) + && StringAt(original, current, 4, "CHAE", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* greek roots e.g. 'chemistry', 'chorus' */ + if ((current == 0) + && (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 5, + "HARAC", "HARIS", "") + || StringAt(original, (current + 1), 3, "HOR", + "HYM", "HIA", "HEM", "")) + && !StringAt(original, 0, 5, "CHORE", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* germanic, greek, or otherwise 'ch' for 'kh' sound */ + if ((StringAt(original, 0, 4, "VAN ", "VON ", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 3, "SCH", "")) + /* 'architect but not 'arch', 'orchestra', 'orchid' */ + || StringAt(original, (current - 2), 6, "ORCHES", + "ARCHIT", "ORCHID", "") + || StringAt(original, (current + 2), 1, "T", "S", + "") + || ((StringAt(original, (current - 1), 1, + "A", "O", "U", "E", "") + || (current == 0)) + + /* + * e.g., 'wachtler', 'wechsler', but not 'tichner' + */ + && StringAt(original, (current + 2), 1, "L", "R", + "N", "M", "B", "H", "F", "V", "W", + " ", ""))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + else + { + if (current > 0) + { + if (StringAt(original, 0, 2, "MC", "")) + { + /* e.g., "McHugh" */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + } + current += 2; + break; + } + /* e.g, 'czerny' */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "CZ", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current - 2), 4, "WICZ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* e.g., 'focaccia' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 3, "CIA", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + current += 3; + break; + } + + /* double 'C', but not if e.g. 'McClellan' */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "CC", "") + && !((current == 1) && (GetAt(original, 0) == 'M'))) + { + /* 'bellocchio' but not 'bacchus' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 2), 1, "I", "E", "H", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current + 2), 2, "HU", "")) + { + /* 'accident', 'accede' 'succeed' */ + if (((current == 1) + && (GetAt(original, current - 1) == 'A')) + || StringAt(original, (current - 1), 5, "UCCEE", + "UCCES", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "KS"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "KS"); + /* 'bacci', 'bertucci', other italian */ + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + current += 3; + break; + } + else + { /* Pierce's rule */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "CK", "CG", "CQ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "CI", "CE", "CY", "")) + { + /* italian vs. english */ + if (StringAt + (original, current, 3, "CIO", "CIE", "CIA", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* else */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + + /* name sent in 'mac caffrey', 'mac gregor */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, " C", " Q", " G", "")) + current += 3; + else if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "C", "K", "Q", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, + "CE", "CI", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case 'D': + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "DG", "")) + { + if (StringAt(original, (current + 2), 1, + "I", "E", "Y", "")) + { + /* e.g. 'edge' */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + current += 3; + break; + } + else + { + /* e.g. 'edgar' */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "TK"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "TK"); + current += 2; + break; + } + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "DT", "DD", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "T"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "T"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* else */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "T"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "T"); + current += 1; + break; + + case 'F': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'F') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "F"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + break; + + case 'G': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'H') + { + if ((current > 0) && !IsVowel(original, current - 1)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + if (current < 3) + { + /* 'ghislane', ghiradelli */ + if (current == 0) + { + if (GetAt(original, current + 2) == 'I') + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + current += 2; + break; + } + } + + /* + * Parker's rule (with some further refinements) - e.g., + * 'hugh' + */ + if (((current > 1) + && StringAt(original, (current - 2), 1, + "B", "H", "D", "")) + /* e.g., 'bough' */ + || ((current > 2) + && StringAt(original, (current - 3), 1, + "B", "H", "D", "")) + /* e.g., 'broughton' */ + || ((current > 3) + && StringAt(original, (current - 4), 1, + "B", "H", ""))) + { + current += 2; + break; + } + else + { + /* + * e.g., 'laugh', 'McLaughlin', 'cough', 'gough', + * 'rough', 'tough' + */ + if ((current > 2) + && (GetAt(original, current - 1) == 'U') + && StringAt(original, (current - 3), 1, "C", + "G", "L", "R", "T", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "F"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + } + else if ((current > 0) + && GetAt(original, current - 1) != 'I') + { + + + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + + current += 2; + break; + } + } + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'N') + { + if ((current == 1) && IsVowel(original, 0) + && !SlavoGermanic(original)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "KN"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "N"); + } + else + /* not e.g. 'cagney' */ + if (!StringAt(original, (current + 2), 2, "EY", "") + && (GetAt(original, current + 1) != 'Y') + && !SlavoGermanic(original)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "N"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "KN"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "KN"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "KN"); + } + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* 'tagliaro' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, "LI", "") + && !SlavoGermanic(original)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "KL"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "L"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* -ges-,-gep-,-gel-, -gie- at beginning */ + if ((current == 0) + && ((GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'Y') + || StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, "ES", "EP", + "EB", "EL", "EY", "IB", "IL", "IN", "IE", + "EI", "ER", ""))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* -ger-, -gy- */ + if ((StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, "ER", "") + || (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'Y')) + && !StringAt(original, 0, 6, + "DANGER", "RANGER", "MANGER", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current - 1), 1, "E", "I", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current - 1), 3, "RGY", "OGY", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* italian e.g, 'biaggi' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "E", "I", "Y", "") + || StringAt(original, (current - 1), 4, + "AGGI", "OGGI", "")) + { + /* obvious germanic */ + if ((StringAt(original, 0, 4, "VAN ", "VON ", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 3, "SCH", "")) + || StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, "ET", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + else + { + /* always soft if french ending */ + if (StringAt + (original, (current + 1), 4, "IER ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + } + } + current += 2; + break; + } + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'G') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + break; + + case 'H': + /* only keep if first & before vowel or btw. 2 vowels */ + if (((current == 0) || IsVowel(original, current - 1)) + && IsVowel(original, current + 1)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "H"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "H"); + current += 2; + } + else + /* also takes care of 'HH' */ + current += 1; + break; + + case 'J': + /* obvious spanish, 'jose', 'san jacinto' */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 4, "JOSE", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 4, "SAN ", "")) + { + if (((current == 0) + && (GetAt(original, current + 4) == ' ')) + || StringAt(original, 0, 4, "SAN ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "H"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "H"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "H"); + } + current += 1; + break; + } + + if ((current == 0) + && !StringAt(original, current, 4, "JOSE", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); /* Yankelovich/Jankelowicz */ + MetaphAdd(secondary, "A"); + } + else + { + /* spanish pron. of e.g. 'bajador' */ + if (IsVowel(original, current - 1) + && !SlavoGermanic(original) + && ((GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'A') + || (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'O'))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "H"); + } + else + { + if (current == last) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, ""); + } + else + { + if (!StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "L", "T", + "K", "S", "N", "M", "B", "Z", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current - 1), 1, + "S", "K", "L", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + } + } + } + } + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'J') /* it could happen! */ + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case 'K': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'K') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + break; + + case 'L': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'L') + { + /* spanish e.g. 'cabrillo', 'gallegos' */ + if (((current == (length - 3)) + && StringAt(original, (current - 1), 4, "ILLO", + "ILLA", "ALLE", "")) + || ((StringAt(original, (last - 1), 2, "AS", "OS", "") + || StringAt(original, last, 1, "A", "O", "")) + && StringAt(original, (current - 1), 4, + "ALLE", ""))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "L"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, ""); + current += 2; + break; + } + current += 2; + } + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "L"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "L"); + break; + + case 'M': + if ((StringAt(original, (current - 1), 3, "UMB", "") + && (((current + 1) == last) + || StringAt(original, (current + 2), 2, "ER", ""))) + /* 'dumb','thumb' */ + || (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'M')) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "M"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "M"); + break; + + case 'N': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'N') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "N"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "N"); + break; + + case '\xd1': /* N with tilde */ + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "N"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "N"); + break; + + case 'P': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'H') + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "F"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* also account for "campbell", "raspberry" */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "P", "B", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "P"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "P"); + break; + + case 'Q': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'Q') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "K"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "K"); + break; + + case 'R': + /* french e.g. 'rogier', but exclude 'hochmeier' */ + if ((current == last) + && !SlavoGermanic(original) + && StringAt(original, (current - 2), 2, "IE", "") + && !StringAt(original, (current - 4), 2, "ME", "MA", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, ""); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "R"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "R"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "R"); + } + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'R') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case 'S': + /* special cases 'island', 'isle', 'carlisle', 'carlysle' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current - 1), 3, "ISL", "YSL", "")) + { + current += 1; + break; + } + + /* special case 'sugar-' */ + if ((current == 0) + && StringAt(original, current, 5, "SUGAR", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + current += 1; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "SH", "")) + { + /* germanic */ + if (StringAt + (original, (current + 1), 4, "HEIM", "HOEK", "HOLM", + "HOLZ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + current += 2; + break; + } + + /* italian & armenian */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 3, "SIO", "SIA", "") + || StringAt(original, current, 4, "SIAN", "")) + { + if (!SlavoGermanic(original)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + current += 3; + break; + } + + /* + * german & anglicisations, e.g. 'smith' match 'schmidt', + * 'snider' match 'schneider' also, -sz- in slavic language + * although in hungarian it is pronounced 's' + */ + if (((current == 0) + && StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, + "M", "N", "L", "W", "")) + || StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "Z", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "Z", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "SC", "")) + { + /* Schlesinger's rule */ + if (GetAt(original, current + 2) == 'H') + { + /* dutch origin, e.g. 'school', 'schooner' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 3), 2, + "OO", "ER", "EN", + "UY", "ED", "EM", "")) + { + /* 'schermerhorn', 'schenker' */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 3), 2, + "ER", "EN", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "SK"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "SK"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "SK"); + } + current += 3; + break; + } + else + { + if ((current == 0) && !IsVowel(original, 3) + && (GetAt(original, 3) != 'W')) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + } + current += 3; + break; + } + } + + if (StringAt(original, (current + 2), 1, + "I", "E", "Y", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + current += 3; + break; + } + /* else */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "SK"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "SK"); + current += 3; + break; + } + + /* french e.g. 'resnais', 'artois' */ + if ((current == last) + && StringAt(original, (current - 2), 2, "AI", "OI", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, ""); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "S", "Z", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case 'T': + if (StringAt(original, current, 4, "TION", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + current += 3; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 3, "TIA", "TCH", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "X"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "X"); + current += 3; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "TH", "") + || StringAt(original, current, 3, "TTH", "")) + { + /* special case 'thomas', 'thames' or germanic */ + if (StringAt(original, (current + 2), 2, "OM", "AM", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 4, "VAN ", "VON ", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 3, "SCH", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "T"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "T"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "0"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "T"); + } + current += 2; + break; + } + + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "T", "D", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "T"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "T"); + break; + + case 'V': + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'V') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + MetaphAdd(primary, "F"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + break; + + case 'W': + /* can also be in middle of word */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 2, "WR", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "R"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "R"); + current += 2; + break; + } + + if ((current == 0) + && (IsVowel(original, current + 1) + || StringAt(original, current, 2, "WH", ""))) + { + /* Wasserman should match Vasserman */ + if (IsVowel(original, current + 1)) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "A"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + } + else + { + /* need Uomo to match Womo */ + MetaphAdd(primary, "A"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "A"); + } + } + + /* Arnow should match Arnoff */ + if (((current == last) && IsVowel(original, current - 1)) + || StringAt(original, (current - 1), 5, "EWSKI", "EWSKY", + "OWSKI", "OWSKY", "") + || StringAt(original, 0, 3, "SCH", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, ""); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "F"); + current += 1; + break; + } + + /* polish e.g. 'filipowicz' */ + if (StringAt(original, current, 4, "WICZ", "WITZ", "")) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "TS"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "FX"); + current += 4; + break; + } + + /* else skip it */ + current += 1; + break; + + case 'X': + /* french e.g. breaux */ + if (!((current == last) + && (StringAt(original, (current - 3), 3, + "IAU", "EAU", "") + || StringAt(original, (current - 2), 2, + "AU", "OU", "")))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "KS"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "KS"); + } + + + if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 1, "C", "X", "")) + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + case 'Z': + /* chinese pinyin e.g. 'zhao' */ + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'H') + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "J"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "J"); + current += 2; + break; + } + else if (StringAt(original, (current + 1), 2, + "ZO", "ZI", "ZA", "") + || (SlavoGermanic(original) + && ((current > 0) + && GetAt(original, current - 1) != 'T'))) + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "TS"); + } + else + { + MetaphAdd(primary, "S"); + MetaphAdd(secondary, "S"); + } + + if (GetAt(original, current + 1) == 'Z') + current += 2; + else + current += 1; + break; + + default: + current += 1; + } + + /* + * printf("PRIMARY: %s\n", primary->str); printf("SECONDARY: %s\n", + * secondary->str); + */ + } + + + if (primary->length > 4) + SetAt(primary, 4, '\0'); + + if (secondary->length > 4) + SetAt(secondary, 4, '\0'); + + *codes = primary->str; + *++codes = secondary->str; + + DestroyMetaString(original); + DestroyMetaString(primary); + DestroyMetaString(secondary); +} + +#ifdef DMETAPHONE_MAIN + +/* just for testing - not part of the perl code */ + +main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + char *codes[2]; + + if (argc > 1) + { + DoubleMetaphone(argv[1], codes); + printf("%s|%s\n", codes[0], codes[1]); + } +} + +#endif |