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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>13.7. Locking and Indexes</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="mvcc-caveats.html" title="13.6. Caveats" /><link rel="next" href="performance-tips.html" title="Chapter 14. Performance Tips" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">13.7. Locking and Indexes</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="mvcc-caveats.html" title="13.6. Caveats">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="mvcc.html" title="Chapter 13. Concurrency Control">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 13. Concurrency Control</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 15.4 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="performance-tips.html" title="Chapter 14. Performance Tips">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="sect1" id="LOCKING-INDEXES"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">13.7. Locking and Indexes</h2></div></div></div><a id="id-1.5.12.10.2" class="indexterm"></a><p>
+ Though <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
+ provides nonblocking read/write access to table
+ data, nonblocking read/write access is not currently offered for every
+ index access method implemented
+ in <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>.
+ The various index types are handled as follows:
+
+ </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">
+ B-tree, <acronym class="acronym">GiST</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">SP-GiST</acronym> indexes
+ </span></dt><dd><p>
+ Short-term share/exclusive page-level locks are used for
+ read/write access. Locks are released immediately after each
+ index row is fetched or inserted. These index types provide
+ the highest concurrency without deadlock conditions.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term">
+ Hash indexes
+ </span></dt><dd><p>
+ Share/exclusive hash-bucket-level locks are used for read/write
+ access. Locks are released after the whole bucket is processed.
+ Bucket-level locks provide better concurrency than index-level
+ ones, but deadlock is possible since the locks are held longer
+ than one index operation.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term">
+ <acronym class="acronym">GIN</acronym> indexes
+ </span></dt><dd><p>
+ Short-term share/exclusive page-level locks are used for
+ read/write access. Locks are released immediately after each
+ index row is fetched or inserted. But note that insertion of a
+ GIN-indexed value usually produces several index key insertions
+ per row, so GIN might do substantial work for a single value's
+ insertion.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p><p>
+ Currently, B-tree indexes offer the best performance for concurrent
+ applications; since they also have more features than hash
+ indexes, they are the recommended index type for concurrent
+ applications that need to index scalar data. When dealing with
+ non-scalar data, B-trees are not useful, and GiST, SP-GiST or GIN
+ indexes should be used instead.
+ </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="mvcc-caveats.html" title="13.6. Caveats">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="mvcc.html" title="Chapter 13. Concurrency Control">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="performance-tips.html" title="Chapter 14. Performance Tips">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">13.6. Caveats </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 15.4 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 14. Performance Tips</td></tr></table></div></body></html> \ No newline at end of file