'\" t .\" Title: ALTER COLLATION .\" Author: The PostgreSQL Global Development Group .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot .\" Date: 2023 .\" Manual: PostgreSQL 15.4 Documentation .\" Source: PostgreSQL 15.4 .\" Language: English .\" .TH "ALTER COLLATION" "7" "2023" "PostgreSQL 15.4" "PostgreSQL 15.4 Documentation" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673 .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * set default formatting .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" disable hyphenation .nh .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only) .ad l .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NAME" ALTER_COLLATION \- change the definition of a collation .SH "SYNOPSIS" .sp .nf ALTER COLLATION \fIname\fR REFRESH VERSION ALTER COLLATION \fIname\fR RENAME TO \fInew_name\fR ALTER COLLATION \fIname\fR OWNER TO { \fInew_owner\fR | CURRENT_ROLE | CURRENT_USER | SESSION_USER } ALTER COLLATION \fIname\fR SET SCHEMA \fInew_schema\fR .fi .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fBALTER COLLATION\fR changes the definition of a collation\&. .PP You must own the collation to use \fBALTER COLLATION\fR\&. To alter the owner, you must also be a direct or indirect member of the new owning role, and that role must have CREATE privilege on the collation\*(Aqs schema\&. (These restrictions enforce that altering the owner doesn\*(Aqt do anything you couldn\*(Aqt do by dropping and recreating the collation\&. However, a superuser can alter ownership of any collation anyway\&.) .SH "PARAMETERS" .PP \fIname\fR .RS 4 The name (optionally schema\-qualified) of an existing collation\&. .RE .PP \fInew_name\fR .RS 4 The new name of the collation\&. .RE .PP \fInew_owner\fR .RS 4 The new owner of the collation\&. .RE .PP \fInew_schema\fR .RS 4 The new schema for the collation\&. .RE .PP REFRESH VERSION .RS 4 Update the collation\*(Aqs version\&. See Notes below\&. .RE .SH "NOTES" .PP When a collation object is created, the provider\-specific version of the collation is recorded in the system catalog\&. When the collation is used, the current version is checked against the recorded version, and a warning is issued when there is a mismatch, for example: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf WARNING: collation "xx\-x\-icu" has version mismatch DETAIL: The collation in the database was created using version 1\&.2\&.3\&.4, but the operating system provides version 2\&.3\&.4\&.5\&. HINT: Rebuild all objects affected by this collation and run ALTER COLLATION pg_catalog\&."xx\-x\-icu" REFRESH VERSION, or build PostgreSQL with the right library version\&. .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .sp A change in collation definitions can lead to corrupt indexes and other problems because the database system relies on stored objects having a certain sort order\&. Generally, this should be avoided, but it can happen in legitimate circumstances, such as when upgrading the operating system to a new major version or when using \fBpg_upgrade\fR to upgrade to server binaries linked with a newer version of ICU\&. When this happens, all objects depending on the collation should be rebuilt, for example, using \fBREINDEX\fR\&. When that is done, the collation version can be refreshed using the command ALTER COLLATION \&.\&.\&. REFRESH VERSION\&. This will update the system catalog to record the current collation version and will make the warning go away\&. Note that this does not actually check whether all affected objects have been rebuilt correctly\&. .PP When using collations provided by libc, version information is recorded on systems using the GNU C library (most Linux systems), FreeBSD and Windows\&. When using collations provided by ICU, the version information is provided by the ICU library and is available on all platforms\&. .if n \{\ .sp .\} .RS 4 .it 1 an-trap .nr an-no-space-flag 1 .nr an-break-flag 1 .br .ps +1 \fBNote\fR .ps -1 .br .PP When using the GNU C library for collations, the C library\*(Aqs version is used as a proxy for the collation version\&. Many Linux distributions change collation definitions only when upgrading the C library, but this approach is imperfect as maintainers are free to back\-port newer collation definitions to older C library releases\&. .PP When using Windows for collations, version information is only available for collations defined with BCP 47 language tags such as en\-US\&. .sp .5v .RE .PP For the database default collation, there is an analogous command ALTER DATABASE \&.\&.\&. REFRESH COLLATION VERSION\&. .PP The following query can be used to identify all collations in the current database that need to be refreshed and the objects that depend on them: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf SELECT pg_describe_object(refclassid, refobjid, refobjsubid) AS "Collation", pg_describe_object(classid, objid, objsubid) AS "Object" FROM pg_depend d JOIN pg_collation c ON refclassid = \*(Aqpg_collation\*(Aq::regclass AND refobjid = c\&.oid WHERE c\&.collversion <> pg_collation_actual_version(c\&.oid) ORDER BY 1, 2; .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .SH "EXAMPLES" .PP To rename the collation de_DE to german: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf ALTER COLLATION "de_DE" RENAME TO german; .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP To change the owner of the collation en_US to joe: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf ALTER COLLATION "en_US" OWNER TO joe; .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .SH "COMPATIBILITY" .PP There is no \fBALTER COLLATION\fR statement in the SQL standard\&. .SH "SEE ALSO" CREATE COLLATION (\fBCREATE_COLLATION\fR(7)), DROP COLLATION (\fBDROP_COLLATION\fR(7))