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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>pg_dumpall</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump" /><link rel="next" href="app-pg-isready.html" title="pg_isready" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center"><span class="application">pg_dumpall</span></th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-client.html" title="PostgreSQL Client Applications">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">PostgreSQL Client Applications</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.2 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-pg-isready.html" title="pg_isready">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="APP-PG-DUMPALL"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.4.14.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_dumpall</span></span></h2><p>pg_dumpall — extract a <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> database cluster into a script file</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p id="id-1.9.4.14.4.1"><code class="command">pg_dumpall</code> [<em class="replaceable"><code>connection-option</code></em>...] [<em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em>...]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" id="APP-PG-DUMPALL-DESCRIPTION"><h2>Description</h2><p>
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> is a utility for writing out
+ (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">dumping</span>”</span>) all <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> databases
+ of a cluster into one script file. The script file contains
+ <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> commands that can be used as input to <a class="xref" href="app-psql.html" title="psql"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">psql</span></span></a> to restore the databases. It does this by
+ calling <a class="xref" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_dump</span></span></a> for each database in the cluster.
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> also dumps global objects
+ that are common to all databases, namely database roles, tablespaces,
+ and privilege grants for configuration parameters.
+ (<span class="application">pg_dump</span> does not save these objects.)
+ </p><p>
+ Since <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> reads tables from all
+ databases you will most likely have to connect as a database
+ superuser in order to produce a complete dump. Also you will need
+ superuser privileges to execute the saved script in order to be
+ allowed to add roles and create databases.
+ </p><p>
+ The SQL script will be written to the standard output. Use the
+ <code class="option">-f</code>/<code class="option">--file</code> option or shell operators to
+ redirect it into a file.
+ </p><p>
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> needs to connect several
+ times to the <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> server (once per
+ database). If you use password authentication it will ask for
+ a password each time. It is convenient to have a
+ <code class="filename">~/.pgpass</code> file in such cases. See <a class="xref" href="libpq-pgpass.html" title="34.16. The Password File">Section 34.16</a> for more information.
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.14.6"><h2>Options</h2><p>
+ The following command-line options control the content and
+ format of the output.
+
+ </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-a</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--data-only</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump only the data, not the schema (data definitions).
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-c</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--clean</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Emit SQL commands to <code class="command">DROP</code> all the dumped
+ databases, roles, and tablespaces before recreating them.
+ This option is useful when the restore is to overwrite an existing
+ cluster. If any of the objects do not exist in the destination
+ cluster, ignorable error messages will be reported during
+ restore, unless <code class="option">--if-exists</code> is also specified.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>encoding</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--encoding=<em class="replaceable"><code>encoding</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Create the dump in the specified character set encoding. By default,
+ the dump is created in the database encoding. (Another way to get the
+ same result is to set the <code class="envar">PGCLIENTENCODING</code> environment
+ variable to the desired dump encoding.)
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--file=<em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Send output to the specified file. If this is omitted, the
+ standard output is used.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-g</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--globals-only</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump only global objects (roles and tablespaces), no databases.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-O</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-owner</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not output commands to set
+ ownership of objects to match the original database.
+ By default, <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> issues
+ <code class="command">ALTER OWNER</code> or
+ <code class="command">SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</code>
+ statements to set ownership of created schema elements.
+ These statements
+ will fail when the script is run unless it is started by a superuser
+ (or the same user that owns all of the objects in the script).
+ To make a script that can be restored by any user, but will give
+ that user ownership of all the objects, specify <code class="option">-O</code>.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-r</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--roles-only</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump only roles, no databases or tablespaces.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-s</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--schema-only</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump only the object definitions (schema), not data.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--superuser=<em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specify the superuser user name to use when disabling triggers.
+ This is relevant only if <code class="option">--disable-triggers</code> is used.
+ (Usually, it's better to leave this out, and instead start the
+ resulting script as superuser.)
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-t</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--tablespaces-only</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump only tablespaces, no databases or roles.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-v</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--verbose</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies verbose mode. This will cause
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> to output start/stop
+ times to the dump file, and progress messages to standard error.
+ Repeating the option causes additional debug-level messages
+ to appear on standard error.
+ The option is also passed down to <span class="application">pg_dump</span>.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-V</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--version</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Print the <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> version and exit.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-x</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-privileges</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-acl</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Prevent dumping of access privileges (grant/revoke commands).
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--binary-upgrade</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ This option is for use by in-place upgrade utilities. Its use
+ for other purposes is not recommended or supported. The
+ behavior of the option may change in future releases without
+ notice.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--column-inserts</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--attribute-inserts</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump data as <code class="command">INSERT</code> commands with explicit
+ column names (<code class="literal">INSERT INTO
+ <em class="replaceable"><code>table</code></em>
+ (<em class="replaceable"><code>column</code></em>, ...) VALUES
+ ...</code>). This will make restoration very slow; it is mainly
+ useful for making dumps that can be loaded into
+ non-<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> databases.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--disable-dollar-quoting</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ This option disables the use of dollar quoting for function bodies,
+ and forces them to be quoted using SQL standard string syntax.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--disable-triggers</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ This option is relevant only when creating a data-only dump.
+ It instructs <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> to include commands
+ to temporarily disable triggers on the target tables while
+ the data is restored. Use this if you have referential
+ integrity checks or other triggers on the tables that you
+ do not want to invoke during data restore.
+ </p><p>
+ Presently, the commands emitted for <code class="option">--disable-triggers</code>
+ must be done as superuser. So, you should also specify
+ a superuser name with <code class="option">-S</code>, or preferably be careful to
+ start the resulting script as a superuser.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-database=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump databases whose name matches
+ <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>.
+ Multiple patterns can be excluded by writing multiple
+ <code class="option">--exclude-database</code> switches. The
+ <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em> parameter is
+ interpreted as a pattern according to the same rules used by
+ <span class="application">psql</span>'s <code class="literal">\d</code>
+ commands (see <a class="xref" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns">Patterns</a>),
+ so multiple databases can also be excluded by writing wildcard
+ characters in the pattern. When using wildcards, be careful to
+ quote the pattern if needed to prevent shell wildcard expansion.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--extra-float-digits=<em class="replaceable"><code>ndigits</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Use the specified value of extra_float_digits when dumping
+ floating-point data, instead of the maximum available precision.
+ Routine dumps made for backup purposes should not use this option.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--if-exists</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Use <code class="literal">DROP ... IF EXISTS</code> commands to drop objects
+ in <code class="option">--clean</code> mode. This suppresses <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">does not
+ exist</span>”</span> errors that might otherwise be reported. This
+ option is not valid unless <code class="option">--clean</code> is also
+ specified.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--inserts</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump data as <code class="command">INSERT</code> commands (rather
+ than <code class="command">COPY</code>). This will make restoration very slow;
+ it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into
+ non-<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> databases. Note that
+ the restore might fail altogether if you have rearranged column order.
+ The <code class="option">--column-inserts</code> option is safer, though even
+ slower.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--load-via-partition-root</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ When dumping data for a table partition, make
+ the <code class="command">COPY</code> or <code class="command">INSERT</code> statements
+ target the root of the partitioning hierarchy that contains it, rather
+ than the partition itself. This causes the appropriate partition to
+ be re-determined for each row when the data is loaded. This may be
+ useful when restoring data on a server where rows do not always fall
+ into the same partitions as they did on the original server. That
+ could happen, for example, if the partitioning column is of type text
+ and the two systems have different definitions of the collation used
+ to sort the partitioning column.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--lock-wait-timeout=<em class="replaceable"><code>timeout</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not wait forever to acquire shared table locks at the beginning of
+ the dump. Instead, fail if unable to lock a table within the specified
+ <em class="replaceable"><code>timeout</code></em>. The timeout may be
+ specified in any of the formats accepted by <code class="command">SET
+ statement_timeout</code>.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-comments</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump comments.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-publications</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump publications.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-role-passwords</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump passwords for roles. When restored, roles will have a
+ null password, and password authentication will always fail until the
+ password is set. Since password values aren't needed when this option
+ is specified, the role information is read from the catalog
+ view <code class="structname">pg_roles</code> instead
+ of <code class="structname">pg_authid</code>. Therefore, this option also
+ helps if access to <code class="structname">pg_authid</code> is restricted by
+ some security policy.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-security-labels</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump security labels.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-subscriptions</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump subscriptions.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-sync</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ By default, <code class="command">pg_dumpall</code> will wait for all files
+ to be written safely to disk. This option causes
+ <code class="command">pg_dumpall</code> to return without waiting, which is
+ faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave
+ the dump corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing
+ but should not be used when dumping data from production installation.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-table-access-method</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not output commands to select table access methods.
+ With this option, all objects will be created with whichever
+ table access method is the default during restore.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-tablespaces</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not output commands to create tablespaces nor select tablespaces
+ for objects.
+ With this option, all objects will be created in whichever
+ tablespace is the default during restore.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-toast-compression</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not output commands to set <acronym class="acronym">TOAST</acronym> compression
+ methods.
+ With this option, all columns will be restored with the default
+ compression setting.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-unlogged-table-data</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Do not dump the contents of unlogged tables. This option has no
+ effect on whether or not the table definitions (schema) are dumped;
+ it only suppresses dumping the table data.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--on-conflict-do-nothing</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Add <code class="literal">ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING</code> to
+ <code class="command">INSERT</code> commands.
+ This option is not valid unless <code class="option">--inserts</code> or
+ <code class="option">--column-inserts</code> is also specified.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--quote-all-identifiers</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Force quoting of all identifiers. This option is recommended when
+ dumping a database from a server whose <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
+ major version is different from <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span>'s, or when
+ the output is intended to be loaded into a server of a different
+ major version. By default, <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> quotes only
+ identifiers that are reserved words in its own major version.
+ This sometimes results in compatibility issues when dealing with
+ servers of other versions that may have slightly different sets
+ of reserved words. Using <code class="option">--quote-all-identifiers</code> prevents
+ such issues, at the price of a harder-to-read dump script.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--rows-per-insert=<em class="replaceable"><code>nrows</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Dump data as <code class="command">INSERT</code> commands (rather than
+ <code class="command">COPY</code>). Controls the maximum number of rows per
+ <code class="command">INSERT</code> command. The value specified must be a
+ number greater than zero. Any error during restoring will cause only
+ rows that are part of the problematic <code class="command">INSERT</code> to be
+ lost, rather than the entire table contents.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--use-set-session-authorization</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Output SQL-standard <code class="command">SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</code> commands
+ instead of <code class="command">ALTER OWNER</code> commands to determine object
+ ownership. This makes the dump more standards compatible, but
+ depending on the history of the objects in the dump, might not restore
+ properly.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-?</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--help</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Show help about <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> command line
+ arguments, and exit.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p><p>
+ The following command-line options control the database connection parameters.
+
+ </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>connstr</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--dbname=<em class="replaceable"><code>connstr</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies parameters used to connect to the server, as a <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING" title="34.1.1. Connection Strings">connection string</a>; these
+ will override any conflicting command line options.
+ </p><p>
+ The option is called <code class="literal">--dbname</code> for consistency with other
+ client applications, but because <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span>
+ needs to connect to many databases, the database name in the
+ connection string will be ignored. Use the <code class="literal">-l</code>
+ option to specify the name of the database used for the initial
+ connection, which will dump global objects and discover what other
+ databases should be dumped.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-h <em class="replaceable"><code>host</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--host=<em class="replaceable"><code>host</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies the host name of the machine on which the database
+ server is running. If the value begins with a slash, it is
+ used as the directory for the Unix domain socket. The default
+ is taken from the <code class="envar">PGHOST</code> environment variable,
+ if set, else a Unix domain socket connection is attempted.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>dbname</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--database=<em class="replaceable"><code>dbname</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies the name of the database to connect to for dumping global
+ objects and discovering what other databases should be dumped. If
+ not specified, the <code class="literal">postgres</code> database will be used,
+ and if that does not exist, <code class="literal">template1</code> will be used.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--port=<em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies the TCP port or local Unix domain socket file
+ extension on which the server is listening for connections.
+ Defaults to the <code class="envar">PGPORT</code> environment variable, if
+ set, or a compiled-in default.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-U <em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--username=<em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ User name to connect as.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-w</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-password</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Never issue a password prompt. If the server requires
+ password authentication and a password is not available by
+ other means such as a <code class="filename">.pgpass</code> file, the
+ connection attempt will fail. This option can be useful in
+ batch jobs and scripts where no user is present to enter a
+ password.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-W</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--password</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Force <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> to prompt for a
+ password before connecting to a database.
+ </p><p>
+ This option is never essential, since
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> will automatically prompt
+ for a password if the server demands password authentication.
+ However, <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> will waste a
+ connection attempt finding out that the server wants a password.
+ In some cases it is worth typing <code class="option">-W</code> to avoid the extra
+ connection attempt.
+ </p><p>
+ Note that the password prompt will occur again for each database
+ to be dumped. Usually, it's better to set up a
+ <code class="filename">~/.pgpass</code> file than to rely on manual password entry.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--role=<em class="replaceable"><code>rolename</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies a role name to be used to create the dump.
+ This option causes <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> to issue a
+ <code class="command">SET ROLE</code> <em class="replaceable"><code>rolename</code></em>
+ command after connecting to the database. It is useful when the
+ authenticated user (specified by <code class="option">-U</code>) lacks privileges
+ needed by <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span>, but can switch to a role with
+ the required rights. Some installations have a policy against
+ logging in directly as a superuser, and use of this option allows
+ dumps to be made without violating the policy.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><p>
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.14.7"><h2>Environment</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">PGHOST</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="envar">PGOPTIONS</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="envar">PGPORT</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="envar">PGUSER</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Default connection parameters
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">PG_COLOR</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+ Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values
+ are <code class="literal">always</code>, <code class="literal">auto</code> and
+ <code class="literal">never</code>.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><p>
+ This utility, like most other <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> utilities,
+ also uses the environment variables supported by <span class="application">libpq</span>
+ (see <a class="xref" href="libpq-envars.html" title="34.15. Environment Variables">Section 34.15</a>).
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.14.8"><h2>Notes</h2><p>
+ Since <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> calls
+ <span class="application">pg_dump</span> internally, some diagnostic
+ messages will refer to <span class="application">pg_dump</span>.
+ </p><p>
+ The <code class="option">--clean</code> option can be useful even when your
+ intention is to restore the dump script into a fresh cluster. Use of
+ <code class="option">--clean</code> authorizes the script to drop and re-create the
+ built-in <code class="literal">postgres</code> and <code class="literal">template1</code>
+ databases, ensuring that those databases will retain the same properties
+ (for instance, locale and encoding) that they had in the source cluster.
+ Without the option, those databases will retain their existing
+ database-level properties, as well as any pre-existing contents.
+ </p><p>
+ Once restored, it is wise to run <code class="command">ANALYZE</code> on each
+ database so the optimizer has useful statistics. You
+ can also run <code class="command">vacuumdb -a -z</code> to analyze all
+ databases.
+ </p><p>
+ The dump script should not be expected to run completely without errors.
+ In particular, because the script will issue <code class="command">CREATE ROLE</code>
+ for every role existing in the source cluster, it is certain to get a
+ <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">role already exists</span>”</span> error for the bootstrap superuser,
+ unless the destination cluster was initialized with a different bootstrap
+ superuser name. This error is harmless and should be ignored. Use of
+ the <code class="option">--clean</code> option is likely to produce additional
+ harmless error messages about non-existent objects, although you can
+ minimize those by adding <code class="option">--if-exists</code>.
+ </p><p>
+ <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> requires all needed
+ tablespace directories to exist before the restore; otherwise,
+ database creation will fail for databases in non-default
+ locations.
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="APP-PG-DUMPALL-EX"><h2>Examples</h2><p>
+ To dump all databases:
+
+</p><pre class="screen">
+<code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>pg_dumpall &gt; db.out</code></strong>
+</pre><p>
+ </p><p>
+ To restore database(s) from this file, you can use:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+<code class="prompt">$</code> <strong class="userinput"><code>psql -f db.out postgres</code></strong>
+</pre><p>
+ It is not important to which database you connect here since the
+ script file created by <span class="application">pg_dumpall</span> will
+ contain the appropriate commands to create and connect to the saved
+ databases. An exception is that if you specified <code class="option">--clean</code>,
+ you must connect to the <code class="literal">postgres</code> database initially;
+ the script will attempt to drop other databases immediately, and that
+ will fail for the database you are connected to.
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.14.10"><h2>See Also</h2><p>
+ Check <a class="xref" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_dump</span></span></a> for details on possible
+ error conditions.
+ </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-client.html" title="PostgreSQL Client Applications">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-pg-isready.html" title="pg_isready">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"><span class="application">pg_dump</span> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.2 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> <span class="application">pg_isready</span></td></tr></table></div></body></html> \ No newline at end of file