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--
-- TRANSACTIONS
--
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE xacttest (a smallint, b real);
INSERT INTO xacttest VALUES
(56, 7.8),
(100, 99.097),
(0, 0.09561),
(42, 324.78);
INSERT INTO xacttest (a, b) VALUES (777, 777.777);
END;
-- should retrieve one value--
SELECT a FROM xacttest WHERE a > 100;
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE disappear (a int4);
DELETE FROM xacttest;
-- should be empty
SELECT * FROM xacttest;
ABORT;
-- should not exist
SELECT oid FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'disappear';
-- should have members again
SELECT * FROM xacttest;
-- Test that transaction characteristics cannot be reset.
BEGIN TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM xacttest;
RESET transaction_isolation; -- error
END;
BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM xacttest;
RESET transaction_read_only; -- error
END;
BEGIN TRANSACTION DEFERRABLE;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM xacttest;
RESET transaction_deferrable; -- error
END;
CREATE FUNCTION errfunc() RETURNS int LANGUAGE SQL AS 'SELECT 1'
SET transaction_read_only = on; -- error
-- Read-only tests
CREATE TABLE writetest (a int);
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temptest (a int);
BEGIN;
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE, READ ONLY, DEFERRABLE; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail
COMMIT;
BEGIN;
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
SAVEPOINT x;
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail
COMMIT;
BEGIN;
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok
SAVEPOINT x;
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail
COMMIT;
BEGIN;
SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok
SAVEPOINT x;
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT x;
SHOW transaction_read_only; -- off
SAVEPOINT y;
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
RELEASE SAVEPOINT y;
SHOW transaction_read_only; -- off
COMMIT;
SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION READ ONLY;
DROP TABLE writetest; -- fail
INSERT INTO writetest VALUES (1); -- fail
SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok
DELETE FROM temptest; -- ok
UPDATE temptest SET a = 0 FROM writetest WHERE temptest.a = 1 AND writetest.a = temptest.a; -- ok
PREPARE test AS UPDATE writetest SET a = 0; -- ok
EXECUTE test; -- fail
SELECT * FROM writetest, temptest; -- ok
CREATE TABLE test AS SELECT * FROM writetest; -- fail
START TRANSACTION READ WRITE;
DROP TABLE writetest; -- ok
COMMIT;
-- Subtransactions, basic tests
-- create & drop tables
SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION READ WRITE;
CREATE TABLE trans_foobar (a int);
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE trans_foo (a int);
SAVEPOINT one;
DROP TABLE trans_foo;
CREATE TABLE trans_bar (a int);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
SAVEPOINT two;
CREATE TABLE trans_baz (a int);
RELEASE SAVEPOINT two;
drop TABLE trans_foobar;
CREATE TABLE trans_barbaz (a int);
COMMIT;
-- should exist: trans_barbaz, trans_baz, trans_foo
SELECT * FROM trans_foo; -- should be empty
SELECT * FROM trans_bar; -- shouldn't exist
SELECT * FROM trans_barbaz; -- should be empty
SELECT * FROM trans_baz; -- should be empty
-- inserts
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO trans_foo VALUES (1);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT into trans_bar VALUES (1);
ROLLBACK TO one;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
SAVEPOINT two;
INSERT into trans_barbaz VALUES (1);
RELEASE two;
SAVEPOINT three;
SAVEPOINT four;
INSERT INTO trans_foo VALUES (2);
RELEASE SAVEPOINT four;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT three;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT three;
INSERT INTO trans_foo VALUES (3);
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM trans_foo; -- should have 1 and 3
SELECT * FROM trans_barbaz; -- should have 1
-- test whole-tree commit
BEGIN;
SAVEPOINT one;
SELECT trans_foo;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
SAVEPOINT two;
CREATE TABLE savepoints (a int);
SAVEPOINT three;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (1);
SAVEPOINT four;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (2);
SAVEPOINT five;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (3);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT five;
COMMIT;
COMMIT; -- should not be in a transaction block
SELECT * FROM savepoints;
-- test whole-tree rollback
BEGIN;
SAVEPOINT one;
DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=1;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
SAVEPOINT two;
DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=1;
SAVEPOINT three;
DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=2;
ROLLBACK;
COMMIT; -- should not be in a transaction block
SELECT * FROM savepoints;
-- test whole-tree commit on an aborted subtransaction
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (4);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (5);
SELECT trans_foo;
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM savepoints;
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (6);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (7);
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (8);
COMMIT;
-- rows 6 and 8 should have been created by the same xact
SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=6 AND b.a=8;
-- rows 6 and 7 should have been created by different xacts
SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=6 AND b.a=7;
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (9);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (10);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (11);
COMMIT;
SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a in (9, 10, 11);
-- rows 9 and 11 should have been created by different xacts
SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=9 AND b.a=11;
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (12);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (13);
SAVEPOINT two;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (14);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (15);
SAVEPOINT two;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (16);
SAVEPOINT three;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (17);
COMMIT;
SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a BETWEEN 12 AND 17;
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (18);
SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (19);
SAVEPOINT two;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (20);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (21);
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (22);
COMMIT;
SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a BETWEEN 18 AND 22;
DROP TABLE savepoints;
-- only in a transaction block:
SAVEPOINT one;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
-- Only "rollback to" allowed in aborted state
BEGIN;
SAVEPOINT one;
SELECT 0/0;
SAVEPOINT two; -- ignored till the end of ...
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; -- ignored till the end of ...
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
SELECT 1;
COMMIT;
SELECT 1; -- this should work
-- check non-transactional behavior of cursors
BEGIN;
DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT unique2 FROM tenk1 ORDER BY unique2;
SAVEPOINT one;
FETCH 10 FROM c;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one;
FETCH 10 FROM c;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT one;
FETCH 10 FROM c;
CLOSE c;
DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT unique2/0 FROM tenk1 ORDER BY unique2;
SAVEPOINT two;
FETCH 10 FROM c;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT two;
-- c is now dead to the world ...
FETCH 10 FROM c;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT two;
RELEASE SAVEPOINT two;
FETCH 10 FROM c;
COMMIT;
--
-- Check that "stable" functions are really stable. They should not be
-- able to see the partial results of the calling query. (Ideally we would
-- also check that they don't see commits of concurrent transactions, but
-- that's a mite hard to do within the limitations of pg_regress.)
--
select * from xacttest;
create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language sql as
'select max(a) from xacttest' stable;
begin;
update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0;
select * from xacttest;
rollback;
-- But a volatile function can see the partial results of the calling query
create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language sql as
'select max(a) from xacttest' volatile;
begin;
update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0;
select * from xacttest;
rollback;
-- Now the same test with plpgsql (since it depends on SPI which is different)
create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language plpgsql as
'begin return max(a) from xacttest; end' stable;
begin;
update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0;
select * from xacttest;
rollback;
create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language plpgsql as
'begin return max(a) from xacttest; end' volatile;
begin;
update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0;
select * from xacttest;
rollback;
-- test case for problems with dropping an open relation during abort
BEGIN;
savepoint x;
CREATE TABLE koju (a INT UNIQUE);
INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1);
INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1);
rollback to x;
CREATE TABLE koju (a INT UNIQUE);
INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1);
INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1);
ROLLBACK;
DROP TABLE trans_foo;
DROP TABLE trans_baz;
DROP TABLE trans_barbaz;
-- test case for problems with revalidating an open relation during abort
create function inverse(int) returns float8 as
$$
begin
analyze revalidate_bug;
return 1::float8/$1;
exception
when division_by_zero then return 0;
end$$ language plpgsql volatile;
create table revalidate_bug (c float8 unique);
insert into revalidate_bug values (1);
insert into revalidate_bug values (inverse(0));
drop table revalidate_bug;
drop function inverse(int);
-- verify that cursors created during an aborted subtransaction are
-- closed, but that we do not rollback the effect of any FETCHs
-- performed in the aborted subtransaction
begin;
savepoint x;
create table trans_abc (a int);
insert into trans_abc values (5);
insert into trans_abc values (10);
declare foo cursor for select * from trans_abc;
fetch from foo;
rollback to x;
-- should fail
fetch from foo;
commit;
begin;
create table trans_abc (a int);
insert into trans_abc values (5);
insert into trans_abc values (10);
insert into trans_abc values (15);
declare foo cursor for select * from trans_abc;
fetch from foo;
savepoint x;
fetch from foo;
rollback to x;
fetch from foo;
abort;
-- Test for proper cleanup after a failure in a cursor portal
-- that was created in an outer subtransaction
CREATE FUNCTION invert(x float8) RETURNS float8 LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
$$ begin return 1/x; end $$;
CREATE FUNCTION create_temp_tab() RETURNS text
LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
BEGIN
CREATE TEMP TABLE new_table (f1 float8);
-- case of interest is that we fail while holding an open
-- relcache reference to new_table
INSERT INTO new_table SELECT invert(0.0);
RETURN 'foo';
END $$;
BEGIN;
DECLARE ok CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM int8_tbl;
DECLARE ctt CURSOR FOR SELECT create_temp_tab();
FETCH ok;
SAVEPOINT s1;
FETCH ok; -- should work
FETCH ctt; -- error occurs here
ROLLBACK TO s1;
FETCH ok; -- should work
FETCH ctt; -- must be rejected
COMMIT;
DROP FUNCTION create_temp_tab();
DROP FUNCTION invert(x float8);
-- Tests for AND CHAIN
CREATE TABLE trans_abc (a int);
-- set nondefault value so we have something to override below
SET default_transaction_read_only = on;
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ, READ WRITE, DEFERRABLE;
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (1);
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (2);
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_END
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES ('error');
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (3); -- check it's really aborted
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_ABORT_END
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (4);
COMMIT;
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ, READ WRITE, DEFERRABLE;
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
SAVEPOINT x;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES ('error');
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (5);
COMMIT;
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ, READ WRITE, DEFERRABLE;
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
SAVEPOINT x;
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_SUBCOMMIT
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
COMMIT;
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED, READ WRITE, DEFERRABLE;
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
SAVEPOINT x;
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_SUBCOMMIT
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
COMMIT;
-- different mix of options just for fun
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE, READ WRITE, NOT DEFERRABLE;
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (6);
ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_ABORT_PENDING
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES ('error');
ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- TBLOCK_ABORT_END
SHOW transaction_isolation;
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SHOW transaction_deferrable;
ROLLBACK;
-- not allowed outside a transaction block
COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- error
ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- error
SELECT * FROM trans_abc ORDER BY 1;
RESET default_transaction_read_only;
DROP TABLE trans_abc;
-- Test assorted behaviors around the implicit transaction block created
-- when multiple SQL commands are sent in a single Query message. These
-- tests rely on the fact that psql will not break SQL commands apart at a
-- backslash-quoted semicolon, but will send them as one Query.
create temp table i_table (f1 int);
-- psql will show all results of a multi-statement Query
SELECT 1\; SELECT 2\; SELECT 3;
-- this implicitly commits:
insert into i_table values(1)\; select * from i_table;
-- 1/0 error will cause rolling back the whole implicit transaction
insert into i_table values(2)\; select * from i_table\; select 1/0;
select * from i_table;
rollback; -- we are not in a transaction at this point
-- can use regular begin/commit/rollback within a single Query
begin\; insert into i_table values(3)\; commit;
rollback; -- we are not in a transaction at this point
begin\; insert into i_table values(4)\; rollback;
rollback; -- we are not in a transaction at this point
-- begin converts implicit transaction into a regular one that
-- can extend past the end of the Query
select 1\; begin\; insert into i_table values(5);
commit;
select 1\; begin\; insert into i_table values(6);
rollback;
-- commit in implicit-transaction state commits but issues a warning.
insert into i_table values(7)\; commit\; insert into i_table values(8)\; select 1/0;
-- similarly, rollback aborts but issues a warning.
insert into i_table values(9)\; rollback\; select 2;
select * from i_table;
rollback; -- we are not in a transaction at this point
-- implicit transaction block is still a transaction block, for e.g. VACUUM
SELECT 1\; VACUUM;
SELECT 1\; COMMIT\; VACUUM;
-- we disallow savepoint-related commands in implicit-transaction state
SELECT 1\; SAVEPOINT sp;
SELECT 1\; COMMIT\; SAVEPOINT sp;
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp\; SELECT 2;
SELECT 2\; RELEASE SAVEPOINT sp\; SELECT 3;
-- but this is OK, because the BEGIN converts it to a regular xact
SELECT 1\; BEGIN\; SAVEPOINT sp\; ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp\; COMMIT;
-- Tests for AND CHAIN in implicit transaction blocks
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY\; COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- error
SHOW transaction_read_only;
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- error
SHOW transaction_read_only;
CREATE TABLE trans_abc (a int);
-- COMMIT/ROLLBACK + COMMIT/ROLLBACK AND CHAIN
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (7)\; COMMIT\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (8)\; COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- 7 commit, 8 error
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (9)\; ROLLBACK\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (10)\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- 9 rollback, 10 error
-- COMMIT/ROLLBACK AND CHAIN + COMMIT/ROLLBACK
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (11)\; COMMIT AND CHAIN\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (12)\; COMMIT; -- 11 error, 12 not reached
INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (13)\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (14)\; ROLLBACK; -- 13 error, 14 not reached
-- START TRANSACTION + COMMIT/ROLLBACK AND CHAIN
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (15)\; COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- 15 ok
SHOW transaction_isolation; -- transaction is active at this point
COMMIT;
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (16)\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- 16 ok
SHOW transaction_isolation; -- transaction is active at this point
ROLLBACK;
SET default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed';
-- START TRANSACTION + COMMIT/ROLLBACK + COMMIT/ROLLBACK AND CHAIN
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (17)\; COMMIT\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (18)\; COMMIT AND CHAIN; -- 17 commit, 18 error
SHOW transaction_isolation; -- out of transaction block
START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (19)\; ROLLBACK\; INSERT INTO trans_abc VALUES (20)\; ROLLBACK AND CHAIN; -- 19 rollback, 20 error
SHOW transaction_isolation; -- out of transaction block
RESET default_transaction_isolation;
SELECT * FROM trans_abc ORDER BY 1;
DROP TABLE trans_abc;
-- Test for successful cleanup of an aborted transaction at session exit.
-- THIS MUST BE THE LAST TEST IN THIS FILE.
begin;
select 1/0;
rollback to X;
-- DO NOT ADD ANYTHING HERE.
|