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Diffstat (limited to 'src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src')
35 files changed, 352 insertions, 401 deletions
diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/SUMMARY.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/SUMMARY.md index 99b24fe59..360265c0e 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/SUMMARY.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/SUMMARY.md @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ - [MIR optimizations](./mir/optimizations.md) - [Debugging](./mir/debugging.md) - [Constant evaluation](./const-eval.md) - - [miri const evaluator](./miri.md) + - [Interpreter](./const-eval/interpret.md) - [Monomorphization](./backend/monomorph.md) - [Lowering MIR](./backend/lowering-mir.md) - [Code Generation](./backend/codegen.md) diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/about-this-guide.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/about-this-guide.md index b2c71866c..71407854e 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/about-this-guide.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/about-this-guide.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ as well as to help new contributors get involved in rustc development. There are seven parts to this guide: -1. [Building and debugging `rustc`][p1]: +1. [Building `rustc`][p1]: Contains information that should be useful no matter how you are contributing, about building, debugging, profiling, etc. 2. [Contributing to `rustc`][p2]: @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ There are seven parts to this guide: 7. [Appendices][p7] at the end with useful reference information. There are a few of these with different information, including a glossary. -[p1]: ./getting-started.md +[p1]: ./building/how-to-build-and-run.html [p2]: ./contributing.md [p3]: ./part-2-intro.md [p4]: ./part-3-intro.md diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/appendix/glossary.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/appendix/glossary.md index 375db493c..42306dc1c 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/appendix/glossary.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/appendix/glossary.md @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ Term | Meaning <span id="infcx">infcx</span> | The type inference context (`InferCtxt`). (see `rustc_middle::infer`) <span id="inf-var">inference variable</span> | When doing type or region inference, an "inference variable" is a kind of special type/region that represents what you are trying to infer. Think of X in algebra. For example, if we are trying to infer the type of a variable in a program, we create an inference variable to represent that unknown type. <span id="intern">intern</span> | Interning refers to storing certain frequently-used constant data, such as strings, and then referring to the data by an identifier (e.g. a `Symbol`) rather than the data itself, to reduce memory usage and number of allocations. See [this chapter](../memory.md) for more info. +<span id="interpreter">interpreter</span> | The heart of const evaluation, running MIR code at compile time. ([see more](../const-eval/interpret.md)) <span id="intrinsic">intrinsic</span> | Intrinsics are special functions that are implemented in the compiler itself but exposed (often unstably) to users. They do magical and dangerous things. (See [`std::intrinsics`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/intrinsics/index.html)) <span id="ir">IR</span> | Short for Intermediate Representation, a general term in compilers. During compilation, the code is transformed from raw source (ASCII text) to various IRs. In Rust, these are primarily HIR, MIR, and LLVM IR. Each IR is well-suited for some set of computations. For example, MIR is well-suited for the borrow checker, and LLVM IR is well-suited for codegen because LLVM accepts it. <span id="irlo">IRLO</span> | `IRLO` or `irlo` is sometimes used as an abbreviation for [internals.rust-lang.org](https://internals.rust-lang.org). @@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ Term | Meaning <span id="llvm">[LLVM]</span> | (actually not an acronym :P) an open-source compiler backend. It accepts LLVM IR and outputs native binaries. Various languages (e.g. Rust) can then implement a compiler front-end that outputs LLVM IR and use LLVM to compile to all the platforms LLVM supports. <span id="memoization">memoization</span> | The process of storing the results of (pure) computations (such as pure function calls) to avoid having to repeat them in the future. This is typically a trade-off between execution speed and memory usage. <span id="mir">MIR</span> | The Mid-level IR that is created after type-checking for use by borrowck and codegen. ([see more](../mir/index.md)) -<span id="miri">miri</span> | An interpreter for MIR used for constant evaluation. ([see more](../miri.md)) +<span id="miri">Miri</span> | A tool to detect Undefined Behavior in (unsafe) Rust code. ([see more](https://github.com/rust-lang/miri)) <span id="mono">monomorphization</span> | The process of taking generic implementations of types and functions and instantiating them with concrete types. For example, in the code we might have `Vec<T>`, but in the final executable, we will have a copy of the `Vec` code for every concrete type used in the program (e.g. a copy for `Vec<usize>`, a copy for `Vec<MyStruct>`, etc). <span id="normalize">normalize</span> | A general term for converting to a more canonical form, but in the case of rustc typically refers to [associated type normalization](../traits/goals-and-clauses.md#normalizeprojection---type). <span id="newtype">newtype</span> | A wrapper around some other type (e.g., `struct Foo(T)` is a "newtype" for `T`). This is commonly used in Rust to give a stronger type for indices. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/codegen.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/codegen.md index 5feea5202..e2c92430e 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/codegen.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/codegen.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Code generation (or "codegen") is the part of the compiler that actually generates an executable binary. Usually, rustc uses LLVM for code generation, -bu there is also support for [Cranelift] and [GCC]. +but there is also support for [Cranelift] and [GCC]. The key is that rustc doesn't implement codegen itself. It's worth noting, though, that in the Rust source code, many parts of the backend have `codegen` in their names diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/debugging.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/debugging.md index 791a61fbe..26375204e 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/debugging.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/debugging.md @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ really helpful for this. 1. Once you have some LLVM IR for the problematic code (see above), you can create a minimal working example with Godbolt. Go to -[gcc.godbolt.org](https://gcc.godbolt.org). +[llvm.godbolt.org](https://llvm.godbolt.org). 2. Choose `LLVM-IR` as programming language. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/bootstrapping.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/bootstrapping.md index 939c47f1b..3bacc21d3 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/bootstrapping.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/bootstrapping.md @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ and its associated dynamic libraries, which `x.py` will download for you. (You can also configure `x.py` to use something else.) -The stage0 compiler is then used only to compile `rustbuild`, `std`, and `rustc`. +The stage0 compiler is then used only to compile `src/bootstrap`, `std`, and `rustc`. When compiling `rustc`, the stage0 compiler uses the freshly compiled `std`. There are two concepts at play here: a compiler (with its set of dependencies) @@ -73,9 +73,12 @@ In theory, the stage1 compiler is functionally identical to the stage2 compiler, but in practice there are subtle differences. In particular, the stage1 compiler itself was built by stage0 and hence not by the source in your working directory. -This means that the symbol names used in the compiler source -may not match the symbol names that would have been made by the stage1 compiler, -which can cause problems for dynamic libraries and tests. +This means that the ABI generated by the stage0 compiler may not match the ABI that would have been +made by the stage1 compiler, which can cause problems for dynamic libraries, tests, and tools using +`rustc_private`. + +Note that the `proc_macro` crate avoids this issue with a C FFI layer called `proc_macro::bridge`, +allowing it to be used with stage 1. The `stage2` compiler is the one distributed with `rustup` and all other install methods. However, it takes a very long time to build @@ -226,14 +229,6 @@ another program we are building with the stage N compiler: `build --stage N compiler/rustc` is linking the stage N artifacts to the `std` built by the stage N compiler. -Here is a chart of a full build using `x.py`: - -<img alt="A diagram of the rustc compilation phases" src="../img/rustc_stages.svg" class="center" /> - -Keep in mind this diagram is a simplification, i.e. `rustdoc` can be built at -different stages, the process is a bit different when passing flags such as -`--keep-stage`, or if there are non-host targets. - ### Stages and `std` Note that there are two `std` libraries in play here: @@ -365,7 +360,7 @@ This flag has the following effects: Code which does not use `-Z force-unstable-if-unmarked` should include the `#![feature(rustc_private)]` crate attribute to access these force-unstable -crates. This is needed for things that link `rustc`, such as `miri`, `rls`, or +crates. This is needed for things that link `rustc`, such as `miri` or `clippy`. You can find more discussion about sysroots in: @@ -375,9 +370,46 @@ You can find more discussion about sysroots in: [rustdoc PR]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/76728 -### Directories and artifacts generated by `x.py` +## Passing flags to commands invoked by `bootstrap` + +`x.py` allows you to pass stage-specific flags to `rustc` and `cargo` when bootstrapping. +The `RUSTFLAGS_BOOTSTRAP` environment variable is passed as `RUSTFLAGS` to the bootstrap stage +(stage0), and `RUSTFLAGS_NOT_BOOTSTRAP` is passed when building artifacts for later stages. +`RUSTFLAGS` will work, but also affects the build of `bootstrap` itself, so it will be rare to want +to use it. +Finally, `MAGIC_EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS` bypasses the `cargo` cache to pass flags to rustc without +recompiling all dependencies. + +`RUSTDOCFLAGS`, `RUSTDOCFLAGS_BOOTSTRAP`, and `RUSTDOCFLAGS_NOT_BOOTSTRAP` are anologous to +`RUSTFLAGS`, but for rustdoc. + +`CARGOFLAGS` will pass arguments to cargo itself (e.g. `--timings`). `CARGOFLAGS_BOOTSTRAP` and +`CARGOFLAGS_NOT_BOOTSTRAP` work analogously to `RUSTFLAGS_BOOTSTRAP`. + +`--test-args` will pass arguments through to the test runner. For `src/test/ui`, this is +compiletest; for unit tests and doctests this is the `libtest` runner. Most test runner accept +`--help`, which you can use to find out the options accepted by the runner. -The following tables indicate the outputs of various stage actions: +## Environment Variables + +During bootstrapping, there are a bunch of compiler-internal environment +variables that are used. If you are trying to run an intermediate version of +`rustc`, sometimes you may need to set some of these environment variables +manually. Otherwise, you get an error like the following: + +```text +thread 'main' panicked at 'RUSTC_STAGE was not set: NotPresent', library/core/src/result.rs:1165:5 +``` + +If `./stageN/bin/rustc` gives an error about environment variables, that +usually means something is quite wrong -- or you're trying to compile e.g. +`rustc` or `std` or something that depends on environment variables. In +the unlikely case that you actually need to invoke rustc in such a situation, +you can tell the bootstrap shim to print all env variables by adding `-vvv` to your `x.py` command. + +### Directories and artifacts generated by `bootstrap` + +This is an incomplete reference for the outputs generated by bootstrap: | Stage 0 Action | Output | |-----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------| @@ -416,27 +448,3 @@ The following tables indicate the outputs of various stage actions: | copy `rustdoc` | `build/HOST/stage2/bin` | `--stage=2` stops here. - -## Passing stage-specific flags to `rustc` - -`x.py` allows you to pass stage-specific flags to `rustc` when bootstrapping. -The `RUSTFLAGS_BOOTSTRAP` environment variable is passed as RUSTFLAGS to the bootstrap stage -(stage0), and `RUSTFLAGS_NOT_BOOTSTRAP` is passed when building artifacts for later stages. - -## Environment Variables - -During bootstrapping, there are a bunch of compiler-internal environment -variables that are used. If you are trying to run an intermediate version of -`rustc`, sometimes you may need to set some of these environment variables -manually. Otherwise, you get an error like the following: - -```text -thread 'main' panicked at 'RUSTC_STAGE was not set: NotPresent', library/core/src/result.rs:1165:5 -``` - -If `./stageN/bin/rustc` gives an error about environment variables, that -usually means something is quite wrong -- or you're trying to compile e.g. -`rustc` or `std` or something that depends on environment variables. In -the unlikely case that you actually need to invoke rustc in such a situation, -you can find the environment variable values by adding the following flag to -your `x.py` command: `--on-fail=print-env`. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/how-to-build-and-run.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/how-to-build-and-run.md index cce9d766a..c5cf3166d 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/how-to-build-and-run.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/how-to-build-and-run.md @@ -150,8 +150,9 @@ This final product (stage1 compiler + libs built using that compiler) is what you need to build other Rust programs (unless you use `#![no_std]` or `#![no_core]`). -You will probably find that building the stage1 `std` is a bottleneck for you** -- but fear not, -there is a (hacky) workaround. See [the section on "recommended workflows"](./suggested.md) below. +You will probably find that building the stage1 `std` is a bottleneck for you, +but fear not, there is a (hacky) workaround... +see [the section on "recommended workflows"](./suggested.md) below. Note that this whole command just gives you a subset of the full `rustc` build. The **full** `rustc` build (what you get with `./x.py build @@ -220,6 +221,15 @@ fall back to using `cargo` from the installed `nightly`, `beta`, or `stable` too `rustup install nightly` if you haven't already. See the [rustup documentation on custom toolchains](https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/concepts/toolchains.html#custom-toolchains). +**Note:** rust-analyzer and IntelliJ Rust plugin use a component called +`rust-analyzer-proc-macro-srv` to work with proc macros. If you intend to use a +custom toolchain for a project (e.g. via `rustup override set stage1`) you may +want to build this component: + +```bash +./x.py build proc-macro-srv-cli +``` + ## Building targets for cross-compilation To produce a compiler that can cross-compile for other targets, diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/new-target.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/new-target.md index 77833fad1..f999a9472 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/new-target.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/new-target.md @@ -102,15 +102,11 @@ unreleased version of `libc`, you can add it to the top-level ```diff diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml -index be15e50e2bc..4fb1248ba99 100644 +index 1e83f05e0ca..4d0172071c1 100644 --- a/Cargo.toml +++ b/Cargo.toml -@@ -66,10 +66,11 @@ cargo = { path = "src/tools/cargo" } +@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@ cargo-util = { path = "src/tools/cargo/crates/cargo-util" } [patch.crates-io] - # Similar to Cargo above we want the RLS to use a vendored version of `rustfmt` - # that we're shipping as well (to ensure that the rustfmt in RLS and the - # `rustfmt` executable are the same exact version). - rustfmt-nightly = { path = "src/tools/rustfmt" } +libc = { git = "https://github.com/rust-lang/libc", rev = "0bf7ce340699dcbacabdf5f16a242d2219a49ee0" } # See comments in `src/tools/rustc-workspace-hack/README.md` for what's going on diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/prerequisites.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/prerequisites.md index 0783e82ee..100b14aca 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/prerequisites.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/prerequisites.md @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Before building the compiler, you need the following things installed: * `git` * `ssl` which comes in `libssl-dev` or `openssl-devel` * `pkg-config` if you are compiling on Linux and targeting Linux +* `libstdc++-static` may be required on some Linux distributions such as Fedora and Ubuntu If building LLVM from source (the default), you'll need additional tools: @@ -36,8 +37,10 @@ winget install -e Python.Python.3 winget install -e Kitware.CMake ``` -If any of those is installed already, winget will detect it. -Then edit your systems `PATH` variable and add: `C:\Program Files\CMake\bin`. +If any of those is installed already, winget will detect it. Then edit your system's `PATH` variable +and add: `C:\Program Files\CMake\bin`. See +[this guide on editing the system `PATH`](https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.html) from the +Java documentation. For more information about building on Windows, see [the `rust-lang/rust` README](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust#building-on-windows). diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/suggested.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/suggested.md index 3e077977d..5c5e571e4 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/suggested.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/suggested.md @@ -36,14 +36,18 @@ you can write: <!-- date-check: apr 2022 --><!-- the date comment is for the edi "./build/$TARGET_TRIPLE/stage0/bin/rustfmt", "--edition=2021" ], + "rust-analyzer.procMacro.server": "./build/$TARGET_TRIPLE/stage0/libexec/rust-analyzer-proc-macro-srv", "rust-analyzer.procMacro.enable": true, "rust-analyzer.cargo.buildScripts.enable": true, + "rust-analyzer.cargo.buildScripts.invocationLocation": "root", + "rust-analyzer.cargo.buildScripts.invocationStrategy": "once", "rust-analyzer.cargo.buildScripts.overrideCommand": [ "python3", "x.py", "check", "--json-output" ], + "rust-analyzer.cargo.sysroot": "./build/$TARGET_TRIPLE/stage0-sysroot", "rust-analyzer.rustc.source": "./Cargo.toml", } ``` diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/closure.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/closure.md index b43be3213..c3906a80b 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/closure.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/closure.md @@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ appropriate trait: `Fn` trait for immutable borrow, `FnMut` for mutable borrow, and `FnOnce` for move semantics. Most of the code related to the closure is in the -[`compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/upvar.rs`][upvar] file and the data structures are +[`compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/upvar.rs`][upvar] file and the data structures are declared in the file [`compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs`][ty]. -[upvar]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/check/upvar/index.html +[upvar]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/upvar/index.html [ty]:https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/ty/index.html Before we go any further, let's discuss how we can examine the flow of control through the rustc @@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ codebase. For closures specifically, set the `RUST_LOG` env variable as below an output in a file: ```console -> RUST_LOG=rustc_typeck::check::upvar rustc +stage1 -Z dump-mir=all \ +> RUST_LOG=rustc_hir_typeck::upvar rustc +stage1 -Z dump-mir=all \ <.rs file to compile> 2> <file where the output will be dumped> ``` This uses the stage1 compiler and enables `debug!` logging for the -`rustc_typeck::check::upvar` module. +`rustc_hir_typeck::upvar` module. The other option is to step through the code using lldb or gdb. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Let's start with [`upvar.rs`][upvar]. This file has something called the [`euv::ExprUseVisitor`] which walks the source of the closure and invokes a callback for each upvar that is borrowed, mutated, or moved. -[`euv::ExprUseVisitor`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/expr_use_visitor/struct.ExprUseVisitor.html +[`euv::ExprUseVisitor`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/expr_use_visitor/struct.ExprUseVisitor.html ```rust fn main() { @@ -210,6 +210,6 @@ self.tables .extend(delegate.adjust_upvar_captures); ``` -[`Delegate`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/expr_use_visitor/trait.Delegate.html -[ibk]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/check/upvar/struct.InferBorrowKind.html -[cmt]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/mem_categorization/index.html +[`Delegate`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/expr_use_visitor/trait.Delegate.html +[ibk]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/upvar/struct.InferBorrowKind.html +[cmt]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/mem_categorization/index.html diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval.md index 5a11f8cdd..a7b1c8963 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval.md @@ -20,26 +20,72 @@ Additionally constant evaluation can be used to reduce the workload or binary size at runtime by precomputing complex operations at compiletime and only storing the result. +All uses of constant evaluation can either be categorized as "influencing the type system" +(array lengths, enum variant discriminants, const generic parameters), or as solely being +done to precompute expressions to be used at runtime. + Constant evaluation can be done by calling the `const_eval_*` functions of `TyCtxt`. They're the wrappers of the `const_eval` query. +* `const_eval_global_id_for_typeck` evaluates a constant to a valtree, + so the result value can be further inspected by the compiler. +* `const_eval_global_id` evaluate a constant to an "opaque blob" containing its final value; + this is only useful for codegen backends and the CTFE evaluator engine itself. +* `eval_static_initializer` specifically computes the initial values of a static. + Statics are special; all other functions do not represent statics correctly + and have thus assertions preventing their use on statics. + The `const_eval_*` functions use a [`ParamEnv`](./param_env.html) of environment in which the constant is evaluated (e.g. the function within which the constant is used) and a [`GlobalId`]. The `GlobalId` is made up of an `Instance` referring to a constant or static or of an `Instance` of a function and an index into the function's `Promoted` table. -Constant evaluation returns a [`EvalToConstValueResult`] with either the error, or a -representation of the constant. `static` initializers are always represented as -[`miri`](./miri.html) virtual memory allocations (via [`ConstValue::ByRef`]). -Other constants get represented as [`ConstValue::Scalar`] -or [`ConstValue::Slice`] if possible. This means that the `const_eval_*` -functions cannot be used to create miri-pointers to the evaluated constant. -If you need the value of a constant inside Miri, you need to directly work with -[`const_to_op`]. +Constant evaluation returns an [`EvalToValTreeResult`] for type system constants or +[`EvalToConstValueResult`] with either the error, or a representation of the constant. + +Constants for the type system are encoded in "valtree representation". The `ValTree` datastructure +allows us to represent + +* arrays, +* many structs, +* tuples, +* enums and, +* most primitives. + +The basic rule for +being permitted in the type system is that every value must be uniquely represented. In other +words: a specific value must only be representable in one specific way. For example: there is only +one way to represent an array of two integers as a `ValTree`: +`ValTree::Branch(&[ValTree::Leaf(first_int), ValTree;:Leaf(second_int)])`. +Even though theoretically a `[u32; 2]` could be encoded in a `u64` and thus just be a +`ValTree::Leaf(bits_of_two_u32)`, that is not a legal construction of `ValTree` +(and is very complex to do, so it is unlikely anyone is tempted to do so). + +These rules also mean that some values are not representable. There can be no `union`s in type +level constants, as it is not clear how they should be represented, because their active variant +is unknown. Similarly there is no way to represent raw pointers, as addresses are unknown at +compile-time and thus we cannot make any assumptions about them. References on the other hand +*can* be represented, as equality for references is defined as equality on their value, so we +ignore their address and just look at the backing value. We must make sure that the pointer values +of the references are not observable at compile time. We thus encode `&42` exactly like `42`. +Any conversion from +valtree back to codegen constants must reintroduce an actual indirection. At codegen time the +addresses may be deduplicated between multiple uses or not, entirely depending on arbitrary +optimization choices. + +As a consequence, all decoding of `ValTree` must happen by matching on the type first and making +decisions depending on that. The value itself gives no useful information without the type that +belongs to it. + +Other constants get represented as [`ConstValue::Scalar`] or +[`ConstValue::Slice`] if possible. These values are only useful outside the +compile-time interpreter. If you need the value of a constant during +interpretation, you need to directly work with [`const_to_op`]. [`GlobalId`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/struct.GlobalId.html [`ConstValue::Scalar`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/value/enum.ConstValue.html#variant.Scalar [`ConstValue::Slice`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/value/enum.ConstValue.html#variant.Slice [`ConstValue::ByRef`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/value/enum.ConstValue.html#variant.ByRef [`EvalToConstValueResult`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/error/type.EvalToConstValueResult.html +[`EvalToValTreeResult`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/mir/interpret/error/type.EvalToValTreeResult.html [`const_to_op`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_const_eval/interpret/struct.InterpCx.html#method.const_to_op diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/miri.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval/interpret.md index c5de358d2..ee044505e 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/miri.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/const-eval/interpret.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ -# Miri +# Interpreter <!-- toc --> -The Miri (**MIR** **I**nterpreter) engine is a virtual machine for executing MIR without -compiling to machine code. It is usually invoked via `tcx.const_eval_*` functions. -In the following, we will refer to the Miri engine as just "Miri", but note that -there also is a stand-alone -[tool called "Miri"](https://github.com/rust-lang/miri/) that is based on the -engine (sometimes referred to as Miri-the-tool to disambiguate it from the -engine). +The interpreter is a virtual machine for executing MIR without compiling to +machine code. It is usually invoked via `tcx.const_eval_*` functions. The +interpreter is shared between the compiler (for compile-time function +evaluation, CTFE) and the tool [Miri](https://github.com/rust-lang/miri/), which +uses the same virtual machine to detect Undefined Behavior in (unsafe) Rust +code. If you start out with a constant: @@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ further queries need to be executed in order to get at something as simple as a `usize`. Future evaluations of the same constants will not actually invoke -Miri, but just use the cached result. +the interpreter, but just use the cached result. [`Operand`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_const_eval/interpret/enum.Operand.html [`Immediate`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_const_eval/interpret/enum.Immediate.html @@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ Miri, but just use the cached result. ## Datastructures -Miri's outside-facing datastructures can be found in +The interpreter's outside-facing datastructures can be found in [rustc_middle/src/mir/interpret](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/interpret). This is mainly the error enum and the [`ConstValue`] and [`Scalar`] types. A `ConstValue` can be either `Scalar` (a single `Scalar`, i.e., integer or thin @@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ in an `Option<u64>` yielding the `Scalar` if possible. ## Memory -To support any kind of pointers, Miri needs to have a "virtual memory" that the +To support any kind of pointers, the interpreter needs to have a "virtual memory" that the pointers can point to. This is implemented in the [`Memory`] type. In the simplest model, every global variable, stack variable and every dynamic allocation corresponds to an [`Allocation`] in that memory. (Actually using an @@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ track of which of its bytes are initialized. ### Global memory and exotic allocations -`Memory` exists only during the Miri evaluation; it gets destroyed when the +`Memory` exists only during evaluation; it gets destroyed when the final value of the constant is computed. In case that constant contains any pointers, those get "interned" and moved to a global "const eval memory" that is part of `TyCtxt`. These allocations stay around for the remaining computation @@ -190,10 +189,10 @@ bytes of its value. ### Pointer values vs Pointer types -One common cause of confusion in Miri is that being a pointer *value* and having +One common cause of confusion in the interpreter is that being a pointer *value* and having a pointer *type* are entirely independent properties. By "pointer value", we refer to a `Scalar::Ptr` containing a `Pointer` and thus pointing somewhere into -Miri's virtual memory. This is in contrast to `Scalar::Raw`, which is just some +the interpreter's virtual memory. This is in contrast to `Scalar::Raw`, which is just some concrete integer. However, a variable of pointer or reference *type*, such as `*const T` or `&T`, @@ -214,7 +213,7 @@ that allow accessing the fields of a `ConstValue` (`ByRef` or otherwise). You sh never have to access an `Allocation` directly except for translating it to the compilation target (at the moment just LLVM). -Miri starts by creating a virtual stack frame for the current constant that is +The interpreter starts by creating a virtual stack frame for the current constant that is being evaluated. There's essentially no difference between a constant and a function with no arguments, except that constants do not allow local (named) variables at the time of writing this guide. @@ -231,7 +230,7 @@ The frames are just a `Vec<Frame>`, there's no way to actually refer to a `Frame`'s memory even if horrible shenanigans are done via unsafe code. The only memory that can be referred to are `Allocation`s. -Miri now calls the `step` method (in +The interpreter now calls the `step` method (in [rustc_const_eval/src/interpret/step.rs](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/interpret/step.rs) ) until it either returns an error or has no further statements to execute. Each statement will now initialize or modify the locals or the virtual memory diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/contributing.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/contributing.md index e59bb0a77..279bc2f28 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/contributing.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/contributing.md @@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ As a developer to this repository, you don't have to treat the following externa differently from other crates that are directly in this repo: * [Clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy) +* [Miri](https://github.com/rust-lang/miri) * [rustfmt](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) * [rust-analyzer](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-analyzer) @@ -249,37 +250,36 @@ subtrees) actually needs to use `git subtree`. ### External Dependencies (submodules) -Currently building Rust will also build the following external projects: +Building Rust will also use external git repositories tracked using [git +submodules]. The complete list may be found in the [`.gitmodules`] file. Some +of these projects are required (like `stdarch` for the standard library) and +some of them are optional (like [Miri]). -* [miri](https://github.com/rust-lang/miri) -* [rls](https://github.com/rust-lang/rls/) +Usage of submodules is discussed more in the [Using Git +chapter](git.md#git-submodules). -We allow breakage of these tools in the nightly channel. Maintainers of these -projects will be notified of the breakages and should fix them as soon as -possible. - -After the external is fixed, one could add the changes with - -```sh -git add path/to/submodule -``` - -outside the submodule. - -In order to prepare your tool-fixing PR, you can run the build locally by doing -`./x.py build src/tools/TOOL`. If you will be editing the sources -there, you may wish to set `submodules = false` in the `config.toml` -to prevent `x.py` from resetting to the original branch. +Some of the submodules are allowed to be in a "broken" state where they +either don't build or their tests don't pass, e.g. the documentation books +like [The Rust Reference]. Maintainers of these projects will be notified +when the project is in a broken state, and they should fix them as soon +as possible. The current status is tracked on the [toolstate website]. +More information may be found on the Forge [Toolstate chapter]. Breakage is not allowed in the beta and stable channels, and must be addressed -before the PR is merged. +before the PR is merged. They are also not allowed to be broken on master in +the week leading up to the beta cut. + +[git submodules]: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules +[`.gitmodules`]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/.gitmodules +[The Rust Reference]: https://github.com/rust-lang/reference/ +[toolstate website]: https://rust-lang-nursery.github.io/rust-toolstate/ +[Toolstate chapter]: https://forge.rust-lang.org/infra/toolstate.html #### Breaking Tools Built With The Compiler Rust's build system builds a number of tools that make use of the internals of the compiler and that are hosted in a separate repository, and included in Rust -via git submodules. This includes [RLS](https://github.com/rust-lang/rls) and -[Miri](https://github.com/rust-lang/Miri). If these tools break because of your +via git submodules (such as [Miri]). If these tools break because of your changes, you may run into a sort of "chicken and egg" problem. These tools rely on the latest compiler to be built so you can't update them (in their own repositories) to reflect your changes to the compiler until those changes are @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ done and the tools are working again, you go back in the compiler and update the tools so they can be distributed again. This should avoid a bunch of synchronization dances and is also much easier on contributors as -there's no need to block on rls/miri/other tools changes going upstream. +there's no need to block on tools changes going upstream. Here are those same steps in detail: @@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ Here are those same steps in detail: from resetting to the original branch after you make your changes. If you need to [update any submodules to their latest versions](#updating-submodules), see the section of this file about that for more information. -2. (optional) Run `./x.py test src/tools/rls` (substituting the submodule - that broke for `rls`). Fix any errors in the submodule (and possibly others). +2. (optional) Run `./x.py test src/tools/cargo` (substituting the submodule + that broke for `cargo`). Fix any errors in the submodule (and possibly others). 3. (optional) Make commits for your changes and send them to upstream repositories as a PR. 4. (optional) Maintainers of these submodules will **not** merge the PR. The PR can't be merged because CI will be broken. You'll want to write a message on the PR referencing @@ -320,71 +320,6 @@ Here are those same steps in detail: 7. (optional) Help land your PR on the upstream repository now that your changes are in nightly. 8. (optional) Send a PR to rust-lang/rust updating the submodule. -#### Updating submodules - -These instructions are specific to updating `rls`, however they may apply -to the other submodules as well. Please help by improving these instructions -if you find any discrepancies or special cases that need to be addressed. - -To update the `rls` submodule, start by running the appropriate -[`git submodule` command](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules). -For example, to update to the latest commit on the remote master branch, -you may want to run: -``` -git submodule update --remote src/tools/rls -``` -If you run `./x.py build` now, and you are lucky, it may just work. If you see -an error message about patches that did not resolve to any crates, you will need -to complete a few more steps which are outlined with their rationale below. - -*(This error may change in the future to include more information.)* -``` -error: failed to resolve patches for `https://github.com/rust-lang/rls` - -Caused by: - patch for `rls` in `https://github.com/rust-lang/rls` did not resolve to any crates -failed to run: ~/rust/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage0/bin/cargo build --manifest-path ~/rust/src/bootstrap/Cargo.toml -``` - -The [`[patch]`][patchsec] section of `Cargo.toml` can be very useful for -testing. In addition to that, you should read the [Overriding -dependencies][overriding] section of the documentation. - -[patchsec]: http://doc.crates.io/manifest.html#the-patch-section -[overriding]: http://doc.crates.io/specifying-dependencies.html#overriding-dependencies - -Specifically, the following [section in Overriding dependencies][testingbugfix] -reveals what the problem is: - -[testingbugfix]: http://doc.crates.io/specifying-dependencies.html#testing-a-bugfix - -> Next up we need to ensure that our lock file is updated to use this new -> version of uuid so our project uses the locally checked out copy instead of -> one from crates.io. The way `[patch]` works is that it'll load the dependency -> at ../path/to/uuid and then whenever crates.io is queried for versions of -> uuid it'll also return the local version. -> -> This means that the version number of the local checkout is significant and -> will affect whether the patch is used. Our manifest declared uuid = "1.0" -> which means we'll only resolve to >= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0, and Cargo's greedy -> resolution algorithm also means that we'll resolve to the maximum version -> within that range. Typically this doesn't matter as the version of the git -> repository will already be greater or match the maximum version published on -> crates.io, but it's important to keep this in mind! - -This says that when we updated the submodule, the version number in our -`src/tools/rls/Cargo.toml` changed. The new version is different from -the version in `Cargo.lock`, so the build can no longer continue. - -To resolve this, we need to update `Cargo.lock`. Luckily, cargo provides a -command to do this easily. - -``` -$ cargo update -p rls -``` - -This should change the version listed in `Cargo.lock` to the new version you updated -the submodule to. Running `./x.py build` should work now. ## Writing Documentation diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics.md index 0f0bfd895..e1d5fbe1a 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics.md @@ -314,10 +314,10 @@ reporting errors. [errors]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_errors/index.html -Diagnostics can be implemented as types which implement the `SessionDiagnostic` +Diagnostics can be implemented as types which implement the `IntoDiagnostic` trait. This is preferred for new diagnostics as it enforces a separation between diagnostic emitting logic and the main code paths. For less-complex -diagnostics, the `SessionDiagnostic` trait can be derived -- see [Diagnostic +diagnostics, the `IntoDiagnostic` trait can be derived -- see [Diagnostic structs][diagnostic-structs]. Within the trait implementation, the APIs described below can be used as normal. @@ -388,10 +388,8 @@ In addition to telling the user exactly _why_ their code is wrong, it's oftentimes furthermore possible to tell them how to fix it. To this end, `DiagnosticBuilder` offers a structured suggestions API, which formats code suggestions pleasingly in the terminal, or (when the `--error-format json` flag -is passed) as JSON for consumption by tools, most notably the [Rust Language -Server][rls] and [`rustfix`][rustfix]. +is passed) as JSON for consumption by tools like [`rustfix`][rustfix]. -[rls]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rls [rustfix]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfix Not all suggestions should be applied mechanically, they have a degree of @@ -757,7 +755,7 @@ then dumped into the `Session::buffered_lints` used by the rest of the compiler. The compiler accepts an `--error-format json` flag to output diagnostics as JSON objects (for the benefit of tools such as `cargo -fix` or the RLS). It looks like this: +fix`). It looks like this: ```console $ rustc json_error_demo.rs --error-format json @@ -771,7 +769,7 @@ object, but the series of lines taken together is, unfortunately, not valid JSON, thwarting tools and tricks (such as [piping to `python3 -m json.tool`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html#module-json.tool)) that require such. (One speculates that this was intentional for LSP -performance purposes, so that each line/object can be sent to RLS as +performance purposes, so that each line/object can be sent as it is flushed?) Also note the "rendered" field, which contains the "human" output as a diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/diagnostic-structs.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/diagnostic-structs.md index f456474c7..d51e79348 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/diagnostic-structs.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/diagnostic-structs.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ # Diagnostic and subdiagnostic structs rustc has two diagnostic derives that can be used to create simple diagnostics, which are recommended to be used when they are applicable: -`#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]` and `#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]`. +`#[derive(Diagnostic)]` and `#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]`. Diagnostics created with the derive macros can be translated into different languages and each has a slug that uniquely identifies the diagnostic. -## `#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]` +## `#[derive(Diagnostic)]` Instead of using the `DiagnosticBuilder` API to create and emit diagnostics, -the `SessionDiagnostic` derive can be used. `#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]` is +the `Diagnostic` derive can be used. `#[derive(Diagnostic)]` is only applicable for simple diagnostics that don't require much logic in deciding whether or not to add additional subdiagnostics. @@ -16,24 +16,24 @@ Consider the [definition][defn] of the "field already declared" diagnostic shown below: ```rust,ignore -#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)] -#[diag(typeck::field_already_declared, code = "E0124")] +#[derive(Diagnostic)] +#[diag(hir_analysis_field_already_declared, code = "E0124")] pub struct FieldAlreadyDeclared { pub field_name: Ident, #[primary_span] #[label] pub span: Span, - #[label(typeck::previous_decl_label)] + #[label(hir_analysis_previous_decl_label)] pub prev_span: Span, } ``` -`SessionDiagnostic` can only be applied to structs. Every `SessionDiagnostic` +`Diagnostic` can only be applied to structs. Every `Diagnostic` has to have one attribute, `#[diag(...)]`, applied to the struct itself. If an error has an error code (e.g. "E0624"), then that can be specified using the `code` sub-attribute. Specifying a `code` isn't mandatory, but if you are -porting a diagnostic that uses `DiagnosticBuilder` to use `SessionDiagnostic` +porting a diagnostic that uses `DiagnosticBuilder` to use `Diagnostic` then you should keep the code if there was one. `#[diag(..)]` must provide a slug as the first positional argument (a path to an @@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ In our example, the Fluent message for the "field already declared" diagnostic looks like this: ```fluent -typeck_field_already_declared = +hir_analysis_field_already_declared = field `{$field_name}` is already declared .label = field already declared .previous_decl_label = `{$field_name}` first declared here ``` -`typeck_field_already_declared` is the slug from our example and is followed +`hir_analysis_field_already_declared` is the slug from our example and is followed by the diagnostic message. -Every field of the `SessionDiagnostic` which does not have an annotation is +Every field of the `Diagnostic` which does not have an annotation is available in Fluent messages as a variable, like `field_name` in the example above. Fields can be annotated `#[skip_arg]` if this is undesired. @@ -66,19 +66,19 @@ of the diagnostic. Diagnostics are more than just their primary message, they often include labels, notes, help messages and suggestions, all of which can also be -specified on a `SessionDiagnostic`. +specified on a `Diagnostic`. `#[label]`, `#[help]` and `#[note]` can all be applied to fields which have the type `Span`. Applying any of these attributes will create the corresponding subdiagnostic with that `Span`. These attributes will look for their diagnostic message in a Fluent attribute attached to the primary Fluent message. In our example, `#[label]` will look for -`typeck_field_already_declared.label` (which has the message "field already +`hir_analysis_field_already_declared.label` (which has the message "field already declared"). If there is more than one subdiagnostic of the same type, then these attributes can also take a value that is the attribute name to look for (e.g. `previous_decl_label` in our example). -Other types have special behavior when used in a `SessionDiagnostic` derive: +Other types have special behavior when used in a `Diagnostic` derive: - Any attribute applied to an `Option<T>` and will only emit a subdiagnostic if the option is `Some(..)`. @@ -107,21 +107,21 @@ the value of the `field_name` field of the struct), not a Fluent identifier. `applicability` can be used to specify the applicability in the attribute, it cannot be used when the field's type contains an `Applicability`. -In the end, the `SessionDiagnostic` derive will generate an implementation of -`SessionDiagnostic` that looks like the following: +In the end, the `Diagnostic` derive will generate an implementation of +`IntoDiagnostic` that looks like the following: ```rust,ignore -impl SessionDiagnostic<'_> for FieldAlreadyDeclared { - fn into_diagnostic(self, sess: &'_ rustc_session::Session) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'_> { - let mut diag = sess.struct_err(rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::field_already_declared); +impl IntoDiagnostic<'_> for FieldAlreadyDeclared { + fn into_diagnostic(self, handler: &'_ rustc_errors::Handler) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'_> { + let mut diag = handler.struct_err(rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_field_already_declared); diag.set_span(self.span); diag.span_label( self.span, - rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::label + rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_label ); diag.span_label( self.prev_span, - rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::previous_decl_label + rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_previous_decl_label ); diag } @@ -141,22 +141,20 @@ tcx.sess.emit_err(FieldAlreadyDeclared { ``` ### Reference -`#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]` and `#[derive(LintDiagnostic)]` support the +`#[derive(Diagnostic)]` and `#[derive(LintDiagnostic)]` support the following attributes: - `#[diag(slug, code = "...")]` - - _Applied to struct._ + - _Applied to struct or enum variant._ - _Mandatory_ - Defines the text and error code to be associated with the diagnostic. - Slug (_Mandatory_) - Uniquely identifies the diagnostic and corresponds to its Fluent message, mandatory. - - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`. Always in a module starting - with a Fluent resource name (which is typically the name of the crate - that the diagnostic is from), e.g. - `rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::field_already_declared` + - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`, e.g. + `rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_field_already_declared` (`rustc_errors::fluent` is implicit in the attribute, so just - `typeck::field_already_declared`). + `hir_analysis_field_already_declared`). - See [translation documentation](./translation.md). - `code = "..."` (_Optional_) - Specifies the error code. @@ -191,14 +189,12 @@ following attributes: - _Applied to `(Span, MachineApplicability)` or `Span` fields._ - Adds a suggestion subdiagnostic. - Slug (_Mandatory_) - - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`. Always in a module starting - with a Fluent resource name (which is typically the name of the crate - that the diagnostic is from), e.g. - `rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::field_already_declared` + - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`, e.g. + `rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_field_already_declared` (`rustc_errors::fluent` is implicit in the attribute, so just - `typeck::field_already_declared`). Fluent attributes for all messages - exist as top-level items in that module (so `typeck_message.attr` is just - `typeck::attr`). + `hir_analysis_field_already_declared`). Fluent attributes for all messages + exist as top-level items in that module (so `hir_analysis_message.attr` is just + `attr`). - See [translation documentation](./translation.md). - Defaults to `rustc_errors::fluent::_subdiag::suggestion` (or - `.suggestion` in Fluent). @@ -210,20 +206,20 @@ following attributes: `has-placeholders` or `unspecified`. - `#[subdiagnostic]` - _Applied to a type that implements `AddToDiagnostic` (from - `#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]`)._ + `#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]`)._ - Adds the subdiagnostic represented by the subdiagnostic struct. - `#[primary_span]` (_Optional_) - - _Applied to `Span` fields on `SessionSubdiagnostic`s. Not used for `LintDiagnostic`s._ + - _Applied to `Span` fields on `Subdiagnostic`s. Not used for `LintDiagnostic`s._ - Indicates the primary span of the diagnostic. - `#[skip_arg]` (_Optional_) - _Applied to any field._ - Prevents the field from being provided as a diagnostic argument. -## `#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]` +## `#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]` It is common in the compiler to write a function that conditionally adds a specific subdiagnostic to an error if it is applicable. Oftentimes these subdiagnostics could be represented using a diagnostic struct even if the -overall diagnostic could not. In this circumstance, the `SessionSubdiagnostic` +overall diagnostic could not. In this circumstance, the `Subdiagnostic` derive can be used to represent a partial diagnostic (e.g a note, label, help or suggestion) as a struct. @@ -231,14 +227,14 @@ Consider the [definition][subdiag_defn] of the "expected return type" label shown below: ```rust -#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)] +#[derive(Subdiagnostic)] pub enum ExpectedReturnTypeLabel<'tcx> { - #[label(typeck::expected_default_return_type)] + #[label(hir_analysis_expected_default_return_type)] Unit { #[primary_span] span: Span, }, - #[label(typeck::expected_return_type)] + #[label(hir_analysis_expected_return_type)] Other { #[primary_span] span: Span, @@ -247,9 +243,9 @@ pub enum ExpectedReturnTypeLabel<'tcx> { } ``` -Unlike `SessionDiagnostic`, `SessionSubdiagnostic` can be applied to structs or +Unlike `Diagnostic`, `Subdiagnostic` can be applied to structs or enums. Attributes that are placed on the type for structs are placed on each -variants for enums (or vice versa). Each `SessionSubdiagnostic` should have one +variants for enums (or vice versa). Each `Subdiagnostic` should have one attribute applied to the struct or each variant, one of: - `#[label(..)]` for defining a label @@ -268,9 +264,9 @@ In our example, the Fluent message for the "expected return type" label looks like this: ```fluent -typeck_expected_default_return_type = expected `()` because of default return type +hir_analysis_expected_default_return_type = expected `()` because of default return type -typeck_expected_return_type = expected `{$expected}` because of return type +hir_analysis_expected_return_type = expected `{$expected}` because of return type ``` Using the `#[primary_span]` attribute on a field (with type `Span`) will denote @@ -281,7 +277,7 @@ Every field of the type/variant which does not have an annotation is available in Fluent messages as a variable. Fields can be annotated `#[skip_arg]` if this is undesired. -Like `SessionDiagnostic`, `SessionSubdiagnostic` supports `Option<T>` and +Like `Diagnostic`, `Subdiagnostic` supports `Option<T>` and `Vec<T>` fields. Suggestions can be emitted using one of four attributes on the type/variant: @@ -306,8 +302,8 @@ following sub-attributes: Applicabilities can also be specified as a field (of type `Applicability`) using the `#[applicability]` attribute. -In the end, the `SessionSubdiagnostic` derive will generate an implementation -of `SessionSubdiagnostic` that looks like the following: +In the end, the `Subdiagnostic` derive will generate an implementation +of `AddToDiagnostic` that looks like the following: ```rust impl<'tcx> AddToDiagnostic for ExpectedReturnTypeLabel<'tcx> { @@ -315,11 +311,11 @@ impl<'tcx> AddToDiagnostic for ExpectedReturnTypeLabel<'tcx> { use rustc_errors::{Applicability, IntoDiagnosticArg}; match self { ExpectedReturnTypeLabel::Unit { span } => { - diag.span_label(span, rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::expected_default_return_type) + diag.span_label(span, rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_expected_default_return_type) } ExpectedReturnTypeLabel::Other { span, expected } => { diag.set_arg("expected", expected); - diag.span_label(span, rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::expected_return_type) + diag.span_label(span, rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_expected_return_type) } } @@ -333,7 +329,7 @@ diagnostic or by assigning it to a `#[subdiagnostic]`-annotated field of a diagnostic struct. ### Reference -`#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]` supports the following attributes: +`#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]` supports the following attributes: - `#[label(slug)]`, `#[help(slug)]` or `#[note(slug)]` - _Applied to struct or enum variant. Mutually exclusive with struct/enum variant attributes._ @@ -342,26 +338,22 @@ diagnostic struct. - Slug (_Mandatory_) - Uniquely identifies the diagnostic and corresponds to its Fluent message, mandatory. - - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`. Always in a module starting - with a Fluent resource name (which is typically the name of the crate - that the diagnostic is from), e.g. - `rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::field_already_declared` + - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`, e.g. + `rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_field_already_declared` (`rustc_errors::fluent` is implicit in the attribute, so just - `typeck::field_already_declared`). + `hir_analysis_field_already_declared`). - See [translation documentation](./translation.md). - `#[suggestion{,_hidden,_short,_verbose}(slug, code = "...", applicability = "...")]` - _Applied to struct or enum variant. Mutually exclusive with struct/enum variant attributes._ - _Mandatory_ - Defines the type to be representing a suggestion. - Slug (_Mandatory_) - - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`. Always in a module starting - with a Fluent resource name (which is typically the name of the crate - that the diagnostic is from), e.g. - `rustc_errors::fluent::typeck::field_already_declared` + - A path to an item in `rustc_errors::fluent`, e.g. + `rustc_errors::fluent::hir_analysis_field_already_declared` (`rustc_errors::fluent` is implicit in the attribute, so just - `typeck::field_already_declared`). Fluent attributes for all messages - exist as top-level items in that module (so `typeck_message.attr` is just - `typeck::attr`). + `hir_analysis::field_already_declared`). Fluent attributes for all messages + exist as top-level items in that module (so `hir_analysis_message.attr` is just + `hir_analysis::attr`). - See [translation documentation](./translation.md). - Defaults to `rustc_errors::fluent::_subdiag::suggestion` (or - `.suggestion` in Fluent). @@ -376,19 +368,32 @@ diagnostic struct. - `maybe-incorrect` - `has-placeholders` - `unspecified` -- `#[primary_span]` (_Mandatory_ for labels and suggestions; _optional_ otherwise) +- `#[multipart_suggestion{,_hidden,_short,_verbose}(slug, applicability = "...")]` + - _Applied to struct or enum variant. Mutually exclusive with struct/enum variant attributes._ + - _Mandatory_ + - Defines the type to be representing a multipart suggestion. + - Slug (_Mandatory_): see `#[suggestion]` + - `applicability = "..."` (_Optional_): see `#[suggestion]` +- `#[primary_span]` (_Mandatory_ for labels and suggestions; _optional_ otherwise; not applicable +to multipart suggestions) - _Applied to `Span` fields._ - Indicates the primary span of the subdiagnostic. -- `#[applicability]` (_Optional_; only applicable to suggestions) +- `#[suggestion_part(code = "...")]` (_Mandatory_; only applicable to multipart suggestions) + - _Applied to `Span` fields._ + - Indicates the span to be one part of the multipart suggestion. + - `code = "..."` (_Mandatory_) + - Value is a format string indicating the code to be suggested as a + replacement. +- `#[applicability]` (_Optional_; only applicable to (simple and multipart) suggestions) - _Applied to `Applicability` fields._ - Indicates the applicability of the suggestion. - `#[skip_arg]` (_Optional_) - _Applied to any field._ - Prevents the field from being provided as a diagnostic argument. -[defn]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/bbe9d27b8ff36da56638aa43d6d0cdfdf89a4e57/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/errors.rs#L65-L74 -[use]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/eb82facb1626166188d49599a3313fc95201f556/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs#L981-L985 +[defn]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/6201eabde85db854c1ebb57624be5ec699246b50/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs#L68-L77 +[use]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/f1112099eba41abadb6f921df7edba70affe92c5/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs#L823-L827 -[subdiag_defn]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/e70c60d34b9783a2fd3171d88d248c2e0ec8ecdd/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/errors.rs#L220-L233 -[subdiag_use_1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/e70c60d34b9783a2fd3171d88d248c2e0ec8ecdd/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs#L556-L560 -[subdiag_use_2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/e70c60d34b9783a2fd3171d88d248c2e0ec8ecdd/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs#L575-L579 +[subdiag_defn]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/f1112099eba41abadb6f921df7edba70affe92c5/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs#L221-L234 +[subdiag_use_1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/f1112099eba41abadb6f921df7edba70affe92c5/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs#L670-L674 +[subdiag_use_2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/f1112099eba41abadb6f921df7edba70affe92c5/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs#L704-L707 diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/translation.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/translation.md index 5bb37fbc2..e36333039 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/translation.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics/translation.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ There are two ways of writing translatable diagnostics: diagnostic structs). See [the diagnostic and subdiagnostic structs documentation](./diagnostic-structs.md). 2. Using typed identifiers with `DiagnosticBuilder` APIs (in - `SessionDiagnostic` implementations). + `Diagnostic` implementations). When adding or changing a translatable diagnostic, you don't need to worry about the translations, only updating the original English message. Currently, @@ -127,14 +127,12 @@ pub static DEFAULT_LOCALE_RESOURCES: &'static [&'static str] = &[ ]; mod fluent_generated { - mod typeck { - pub const field_multiply_specified_in_initializer: DiagnosticMessage = - DiagnosticMessage::new("typeck_field_multiply_specified_in_initializer"); - pub const label: SubdiagnosticMessage = - SubdiagnosticMessage::attr("label"); - pub const label_previous_use: SubdiagnosticMessage = - SubdiagnosticMessage::attr("previous_use_label"); - } + pub const typeck_field_multiply_specified_in_initializer: DiagnosticMessage = + DiagnosticMessage::new("typeck_field_multiply_specified_in_initializer"); + pub const label: SubdiagnosticMessage = + SubdiagnosticMessage::attr("label"); + pub const label_previous_use: SubdiagnosticMessage = + SubdiagnosticMessage::attr("previous_use_label"); } ``` @@ -143,9 +141,9 @@ mod fluent_generated { ```rust use rustc_errors::fluent; -let mut err = sess.struct_span_err(span, fluent::typeck::field_multiply_specified_in_initializer); -err.span_label(span, fluent::typeck::label); -err.span_label(previous_use_span, fluent::typeck::previous_use_label); +let mut err = sess.struct_span_err(span, fluent::typeck_field_multiply_specified_in_initializer); +err.span_label(span, fluent::label); +err.span_label(previous_use_span, fluent::previous_use_label); err.emit(); ``` diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/feature-gates.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/feature-gates.md index 229281f2f..9e9a83ea6 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/feature-gates.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/feature-gates.md @@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ modifying feature gates. See ["Stability in code"] for help with adding a new feature; this section just covers how to add the feature gate *declaration*. -Add a feature gate declaration to `rustc_feature/src/active.rs` in the active +First, add the feature name to `rustc_span/src/symbol.rs` in the `Symbols {...}` block. + +Then, add a feature gate declaration to `rustc_feature/src/active.rs` in the active `declare_features` block: ```rust,ignore diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/generics.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/generics.md index 13549b2fb..0173bee8f 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/generics.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/generics.md @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ You may have a couple of followup questions… `MyStruct`: `Adt(Foo, &[Param(0), Param(1)])`. **`subst`** How do we actually do the substitutions? There is a function for that too! You use -[`subst`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/ty/subst/trait.Subst.html) to +[`subst`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/ty/subst/struct.EarlyBinder.html#method.subst) to replace a `SubstRef` with another list of types. [Here is an example of actually using `subst` in the compiler][substex]. The exact details are not @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ a real `ty::Ty`. You can see that we first get some substitutions (`substs`). T `type_of` to get a type and call `ty.subst(substs)` to get a new version of `ty` with the substitutions made. -[substex]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/597f432489f12a3f33419daa039ccef11a12c4fd/src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs#L942-L953 +[substex]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/0940040c0486a536be4f8685c7dd9a078f9e87c2/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/astconv/mod.rs#L1231-L1242 **Note on indices:** It is possible for the indices in `Param` to not match with what we expect. For example, the index could be out of bounds or it could be the index of a lifetime when we were diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/git.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/git.md index 5899753ba..65397e349 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/git.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/git.md @@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'. Changes not staged for commit: (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) (use "git restore <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) + modified: src/llvm-project (new commits) modified: src/tools/cargo (new commits) - modified: src/tools/rls (new commits) no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a") ``` @@ -176,6 +176,8 @@ There is a workaround in [the issue][#77620-workaround]. [#77620]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/77620 [#77620-workaround]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/77620#issuecomment-705228229 +(Note that as of Sept 2022 `miri` is a subtree and not a submodule.) + ## Rebasing and Conflicts When you edit your code locally, you are making changes to the version of @@ -391,41 +393,41 @@ you might want to get used to the main concepts of Git before reading this secti The `rust-lang/rust` repository uses [Git submodules] as a way to use other Rust projects from within the `rust` repo. Examples include Rust's fork of -`llvm-project` and many devtools such as `cargo` and `rls`. +`llvm-project`, `cargo` and libraries like `stdarch` and `backtrace`. Those projects are developed and maintained in an separate Git (and GitHub) repository, and they have their own Git history/commits, issue tracker and PRs. Submodules allow us to create some sort of embedded sub-repository inside the `rust` repository and use them like they were directories in the `rust` repository. -Take `miri` for example. `miri` is maintained in the [`rust-lang/miri`] repository, -but it is used in `rust-lang/rust` by the compiler for const evaluation. We bring it -in `rust` as a submodule, in the `src/tools/miri` folder. +Take `llvm-project` for example. `llvm-project` is maintained in the [`rust-lang/llvm-project`] +repository, but it is used in `rust-lang/rust` by the compiler for code generation and +optimization. We bring it in `rust` as a submodule, in the `src/llvm-project` folder. The contents of submodules are ignored by Git: submodules are in some sense isolated -from the rest of the repository. However, if you try to `cd src/tools/miri` and then +from the rest of the repository. However, if you try to `cd src/llvm-project` and then run `git status`: ``` -HEAD detached at 3fafb835 +HEAD detached at 9567f08afc943 nothing to commit, working tree clean ``` -As far as git is concerned, you are no longer in the `rust` repo, but in the `miri` repo. +As far as git is concerned, you are no longer in the `rust` repo, but in the `llvm-project` repo. You will notice that we are in "detached HEAD" state, i.e. not on a branch but on a particular commit. This is because, like any dependency, we want to be able to control which version to use. Submodules allow us to do just that: every submodule is "pinned" to a certain commit, which doesn't change unless modified manually. If you use `git checkout <commit>` -in the `miri` directory and go back to the `rust` directory, you can stage this -change like any other, e.g. by running `git add src/tools/miri`. (Note that if +in the `llvm-project` directory and go back to the `rust` directory, you can stage this +change like any other, e.g. by running `git add src/llvm-project`. (Note that if you *don't* stage the change to commit, then you run the risk that running `x.py` will just undo your change by switching back to the previous commit when it automatically "updates" the submodules.) This version selection is usually done by the maintainers of the project, and -looks like [this][miri-update]. +looks like [this][llvm-update]. Git submodules take some time to get used to, so don't worry if it isn't perfectly clear yet. You will rarely have to use them directly and, again, you don't need @@ -434,6 +436,5 @@ exist and that they correspond to some sort of embedded subrepository dependency that Git can nicely and fairly conveniently handle for us. [Git submodules]: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules -[`rust-toolstate`]: https://rust-lang-nursery.github.io/rust-toolstate/ -[`rust-lang/miri`]: https://github.com/rust-lang/miri -[miri-update]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/77500/files +[`rust-lang/llvm-project`]: https://github.com/rust-lang/llvm-project +[llvm-update]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/99464/files diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/img/rustc_stages.svg b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/img/rustc_stages.svg deleted file mode 100644 index 25f7ab11b..000000000 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/img/rustc_stages.svg +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd"> -<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" width="581px" height="816px" viewBox="-0.5 -0.5 581 816"><defs/><g><rect x="0" y="0" width="580" height="315" fill="#ffffff" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><rect x="0" y="665" width="580" height="150" fill="#ffffff" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><rect x="0" y="345" width="580" height="287.5" fill="#ffffff" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><path d="M 120 25 L 193.63 25" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 198.88 25 L 191.88 28.5 L 193.63 25 L 191.88 21.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; 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align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 120px; margin-left: 430px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Copy</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="430" y="123" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Copy</text></switch></g><rect x="320" y="105" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 78px; height: 1px; padding-top: 120px; margin-left: 321px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">stage0-std</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="360" y="124" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">stage0-std</text></switch></g><path d="M 515 135 L 515 145 Q 515 155 505 155 L 230 155 Q 220 155 220 161.82 L 220 168.63" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 220 173.88 L 216.5 166.88 L 220 168.63 L 223.5 166.88 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><rect x="460" y="105" width="110" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 108px; height: 1px; padding-top: 120px; margin-left: 461px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">stage0-sysroot</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="515" y="124" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">stage0-sysroot</text></switch></g><path d="M 120 190 L 173.63 190" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 178.88 190 L 171.88 193.5 L 173.63 190 L 171.88 186.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 144px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Builds</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="144" y="193" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Builds</text></switch></g><rect x="40" y="175" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; 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align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 290px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Outputs</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="290" y="193" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Outputs</text></switch></g><rect x="180" y="175" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 78px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 181px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">rustc</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="220" y="194" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">rustc</text></switch></g><path d="M 400 190 L 453.63 190" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 458.88 190 L 451.88 193.5 L 453.63 190 L 451.88 186.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 430px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Copy</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="430" y="193" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Copy</text></switch></g><rect x="320" y="175" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 78px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 321px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">stage0-rustc</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="360" y="194" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">stage0-rustc</text></switch></g><path d="M 515 205 L 515 227.5 Q 515 237.5 505 237.5 L 230 237.5 Q 220 237.5 220 247.5 L 220 263.63" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 220 268.88 L 216.5 261.88 L 220 263.63 L 223.5 261.88 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><rect x="460" y="175" width="110" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 108px; height: 1px; padding-top: 190px; margin-left: 461px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">stage0-sysroot</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="515" y="194" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">stage0-sysroot</text></switch></g><path d="M 120 237.5 L 210 237.5 Q 220 237.5 220 247.5 L 220 263.63" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 220 268.88 L 216.5 261.88 L 220 263.63 L 223.5 261.88 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><rect x="40" y="222.5" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 78px; height: 1px; padding-top: 238px; margin-left: 41px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">llvm</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="80" y="241" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">llvm</text></switch></g><path d="M 120 285 L 173.63 285" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 178.88 285 L 171.88 288.5 L 173.63 285 L 171.88 281.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 285px; margin-left: 144px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Builds</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="144" y="288" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Builds</text></switch></g><rect x="40" y="270" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 78px; height: 1px; padding-top: 285px; margin-left: 41px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">stage0</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="80" y="289" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="12px" text-anchor="middle">stage0</text></switch></g><path d="M 260 285 L 313.63 285" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 318.88 285 L 311.88 288.5 L 313.63 285 L 311.88 281.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 285px; margin-left: 290px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Outputs</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="290" y="288" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Outputs</text></switch></g><rect x="180" y="270" width="80" height="30" rx="4.5" ry="4.5" fill="#ffe6cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; 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"><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 24px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; white-space: normal; word-wrap: normal; ">Stage 0</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="15" y="162" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="24px" text-anchor="middle">Stage 0</text></switch></g><path d="M 150 380 L 203.63 380" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="stroke"/><path d="M 208.88 380 L 201.88 383.5 L 203.63 380 L 201.88 376.5 Z" fill="#000000" stroke="#000000" stroke-miterlimit="10" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding-top: 380px; margin-left: 174px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; font-size: 11px; font-family: Helvetica; color: #000000; line-height: 1.2; pointer-events: all; background-color: #ffffff; white-space: nowrap; ">Copy</div></div></div></foreignObject><text x="174" y="383" fill="#000000" font-family="Helvetica" font-size="11px" text-anchor="middle">Copy</text></switch></g><rect x="40" y="355" width="110" height="50" rx="7.5" ry="7.5" fill="#fff2cc" stroke="#000000" pointer-events="all"/><g transform="translate(-0.5 -0.5)"><switch><foreignObject style="overflow: visible; text-align: left;" pointer-events="none" width="100%" height="100%" requiredFeatures="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/feature#Extensibility"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: flex; align-items: unsafe center; justify-content: unsafe center; width: 108px; height: 1px; padding-top: 380px; margin-left: 41px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; "><div style="display: inline-block; 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\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/implementing_new_features.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/implementing_new_features.md index ef6ae6179..9147c1b41 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/implementing_new_features.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/implementing_new_features.md @@ -28,6 +28,12 @@ get by with only an r+. For example, it is OK to add or modify unstable command-line flags or attributes without an FCP for compiler development or standard library use, as long as you don't expect them to be in wide use in the nightly ecosystem. +Some teams have lighter weight processes that they use in scenarios +like this; for example, the compiler team recommends +filing a Major Change Proposal ([MCP][mcp]) as a lightweight way to +garner support and feedback without requiring full consensus. + +[mcp]: compiler/mcp.md#public-facing-changes-require-rfcbot-fcp You don't need to have the implementation fully ready for r+ to propose an FCP, but it is generally a good idea to have at least a proof @@ -123,9 +129,9 @@ a new unstable feature: 2. Pick a name for the feature gate (for RFCs, use the name in the RFC). -3. Add a feature gate declaration to `rustc_feature/src/active.rs` - in the active `declare_features` block. See [here][add-feature-gate] for - detailed instructions. +3. Add a feature gate declaration to `rustc_feature/src/active.rs` in the active + `declare_features` block, and add the feature gate keyword to + `rustc_span/src/symbol.rs`. See [here][add-feature-gate] for detailed instructions. 4. Prevent usage of the new feature unless the feature gate is set. You can check it in most places in the compiler using the diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/method-lookup.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/method-lookup.md index 8eb8ec5ce..8b49e8d00 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/method-lookup.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/method-lookup.md @@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ inference variables or other information. [fully-qualified syntax]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/book/ch19-03-advanced-traits.html#fully-qualified-syntax-for-disambiguation-calling-methods-with-the-same-name [UFCS]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0132-ufcs.md -[probe]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/check/method/probe/ -[confirm]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/check/method/confirm/ +[probe]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/method/probe/ +[confirm]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_typeck/method/confirm/ ## The Probe phase diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/name-resolution.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/name-resolution.md index c4f44909b..1dbc95ead 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/name-resolution.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/name-resolution.md @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ Still, it probably provides useful first guidepost to what happens in there. following stages of compilation? * Who calls it and how it is actually used. * Is it a pass and then the result is only used, or can it be computed - incrementally (e.g. for RLS)? + incrementally? * The overall strategy description is a bit vague. * Where does the name `Rib` come from? * Does this thing have its own tests, or is it tested only as part of some e2e diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/opaque-types-impl-trait-inference.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/opaque-types-impl-trait-inference.md index 52d2127bf..f9c2ea74d 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/opaque-types-impl-trait-inference.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/opaque-types-impl-trait-inference.md @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ flowchart TD ### Relating an opaque type to another type -There is one central place where an opaqe type gets its hidden type constrained, +There is one central place where an opaque type gets its hidden type constrained, and that is the `handle_opaque_type` function. Amusingly it takes two types, so you can pass any two types, but one of them should be an opaque type. @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ and then handle it correctly. The MIR borrow checker relates things via `nll_relate` and only cares about regions. Any type relation will trigger the binding of hidden types, so the borrow checker is doing the same thing as the type checker, -but ignores obivously dead code (e.g. after a panic). +but ignores obviously dead code (e.g. after a panic). The borrow checker is also the source of truth when it comes to hidden types, as it is the only one who can properly figure out what lifetimes on the hidden type correspond to which lifetimes on the opaque type declaration. @@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ to which lifetimes on the opaque type declaration. ## Backwards compatibility hacks `impl Trait` in return position has various quirks that were not part -of any RFCs and are likely accidental stabilizations. +of any RFCs and are likely accidental stabilization. To support these, the `replace_opaque_types_with_inference_vars` is being used to reintroduce the previous behaviour. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/overview.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/overview.md index c7da92542..7fbdfd359 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/overview.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/overview.md @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ satisfy/optimize for. For example, of space on the user's system... - Compiler memory usage: while compiling a program, we don't want to use more memory than we need. -- Program speed: how fast is your compiled program. More/better compile-time +- Program speed: how fast is your compiled program? More/better compile-time analyses often means the compiler can do better optimizations. - Program size: how large is the compiled binary? Similar to the previous point. @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ satisfy/optimize for. For example, the input programs says they do, and should continue to do so despite the tremendous amount of change constantly going on. - Integration: a number of other tools need to use the compiler in - various ways (e.g. cargo, clippy, miri, RLS) that must be supported. + various ways (e.g. cargo, clippy, miri) that must be supported. - Compiler stability: the compiler should not crash or fail ungracefully on the stable channel. - Rust stability: the compiler must respect Rust's stability guarantees by not diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/panic-implementation.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/panic-implementation.md index 66e61548e..d1ca202dc 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/panic-implementation.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/panic-implementation.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Actually resolving this goes through several layers of indirection: 1. In `compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/weak_lang_items.rs`, `panic_impl` is declared as 'weak lang item', with the symbol `rust_begin_unwind`. This is - used in `rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs` to set the actual symbol name to + used in `rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs` to set the actual symbol name to `rust_begin_unwind`. Note that `panic_impl` is declared in an `extern "Rust"` block, diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustc-driver.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustc-driver.md index 7250c852c..cef50111d 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustc-driver.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustc-driver.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ using the interface defined in the [`rustc_interface`] crate. The `rustc_interface` crate provides external users with an (unstable) API for running code at particular times during the compilation process, allowing third parties to effectively use `rustc`'s internals as a library for -analyzing a crate or emulating the compiler in-process (e.g. the RLS or rustdoc). +analyzing a crate or emulating the compiler in-process (e.g. rustdoc). For those using `rustc` as a library, the [`rustc_interface::run_compiler()`][i_rc] function is the main entrypoint to the compiler. It takes a configuration for the compiler diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustdoc.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustdoc.md index 4cdda5a3e..23428efd6 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustdoc.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/rustdoc.md @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ authors can request rebuilds, which will be run with the latest rustdoc. Docs.rs performs some transformations on rustdoc's output in order to save storage and display a navigation bar at the top. In particular, certain static -files (like main.js and rustdoc.css may be shared across multiple invocations +files, like main.js and rustdoc.css, may be shared across multiple invocations of the same version of rustdoc. Others, like crates.js and sidebar-items.js, are different for different invocations. Still others, like fonts, will never change. These categories are distinguished using the `SharedResource` enum in diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/stability.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/stability.md index 3469ce2ba..b7308ee73 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/stability.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/stability.md @@ -74,13 +74,11 @@ To stabilize a feature, follow these steps: 0. Ask a **@T-libs-api** member to start an FCP on the tracking issue and wait for the FCP to complete (with `disposition-merge`). -1. Change `#[unstable(...)]` to `#[stable(since = "version")]`. - `version` should be the *current nightly*, i.e. stable+2. You can see which version is - the current nightly [on Forge](https://forge.rust-lang.org/#current-release-versions). +1. Change `#[unstable(...)]` to `#[stable(since = "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION")]`. 2. Remove `#![feature(...)]` from any test or doc-test for this API. If the feature is used in the compiler or tools, remove it from there as well. 3. If applicable, change `#[rustc_const_unstable(...)]` to - `#[rustc_const_stable(since = "version")]`. + `#[rustc_const_stable(since = "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION")]`. 4. Open a PR against `rust-lang/rust`. - Add the appropriate labels: `@rustbot modify labels: +T-libs-api`. - Link to the tracking issue and say "Closes #XXXXX". diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/ci.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/ci.md index 21f834130..cca4973cb 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/ci.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/ci.md @@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ ## Testing infrastructure +<!-- date-check: oct 2022 --> When a Pull Request is opened on GitHub, [GitHub Actions] will automatically launch a build that will run all tests on some configurations -(x86_64-gnu-llvm-12 linux. x86_64-gnu-tools linux, mingw-check linux). +(x86_64-gnu-llvm-13 linux, x86_64-gnu-tools linux, and mingw-check linux). In essence, each runs `./x.py test` with various different options. The integration bot [bors] is used for coordinating merges to the master branch. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/intro.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/intro.md index 8b65e4df5..66e0a9eef 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/intro.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/intro.md @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ will unpack, build, and run all tests. ### Tool tests Packages that are included with Rust have all of their tests run as well. -This includes things such as cargo, clippy, rustfmt, rls, miri, bootstrap +This includes things such as cargo, clippy, rustfmt, miri, bootstrap (testing the Rust build system itself), etc. Most of the tools are located in the [`src/tools`] directory. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/running.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/running.md index be9d965e4..5d1441936 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/running.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/tests/running.md @@ -245,14 +245,20 @@ The binary will be created at `./build/$HOST_ARCH/stage2-tools/$TARGET_ARCH/release/remote-test-server`. Copy this over to the remote machine. -On the remote machine, run the `remote-test-server` with the `remote` argument -(and optionally `-v` for verbose output). Output should look like this: +On the remote machine, run the `remote-test-server` with the `--bind +0.0.0.0:12345` flag (and optionally `-v` for verbose output). Output should +look like this: ```sh -$ ./remote-test-server -v remote +$ ./remote-test-server -v --bind 0.0.0.0:12345 starting test server listening on 0.0.0.0:12345! ``` +Note that binding the server to 0.0.0.0 will allow all hosts able to reach your +machine to execute arbitrary code on your machine. We strongly recommend either +setting up a firewall to block external access to port 12345, or to use a more +restrictive IP address when binding. + You can test if the `remote-test-server` is working by connecting to it and sending `ping\n`. It should reply `pong`: ```sh diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/traits/resolution.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/traits/resolution.md index 195fe6050..88767ad94 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/traits/resolution.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/traits/resolution.md @@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ Trait resolution consists of three major parts: are completely fulfilled. Basically it is a worklist of obligations to be selected: once selection is successful, the obligation is removed from the worklist and any nested obligations are enqueued. + Fulfillment constrains inference variables. -- **Coherence**: The coherence checks are intended to ensure that there - are never overlapping impls, where two impls could be used with - equal precedence. +- **Evaluation**: Checks whether obligations holds without constraining + any inference variables. Used by selection. ## Selection @@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ may lead to other errors downstream). ### Candidate assembly +**TODO**: Talk about _why_ we have different candidates, and why it needs to happen in a probe. + Searches for impls/where-clauses/etc that might possibly be used to satisfy the obligation. Each of those is called a candidate. To avoid ambiguity, we want to find exactly one @@ -120,68 +122,23 @@ the obligation contains unbound inference variables. The subroutines that decide whether a particular impl/where-clause/etc applies to a particular obligation are collectively referred to as the process of -_matching_. As of <!-- date-check --> May 2022, this amounts to unifying -the `Self` types, but in the future we may also recursively consider some of the -nested obligations, in the case of an impl. - -**TODO**: what does "unifying the `Self` types" mean? The `Self` of the -obligation with that of an impl? - -The basic idea for candidate assembly is to do a first pass in which -we identify all possible candidates. During this pass, all that we do -is try and unify the type parameters. (In particular, we ignore any -nested where clauses.) Presuming that this unification succeeds, the -impl is added as a candidate. +_matching_. For `impl` candidates <!-- date-check: Oct 2022 -->, +this amounts to unifying the impl header (the `Self` type and the trait arguments) +while ignoring nested obligations. If matching succeeds then we add it +to a set of candidates. There are other rules when assembling candidates for +built-in traits such as `Copy`, `Sized`, and `CoerceUnsized`. Once this first pass is done, we can examine the set of candidates. If it is a singleton set, then we are done: this is the only impl in -scope that could possibly apply. Otherwise, we can winnow down the set -of candidates by using where clauses and other conditions. If this -reduced set yields a single, unambiguous entry, we're good to go, -otherwise the result is considered ambiguous. - -#### The basic process: Inferring based on the impls we see - -This process is easier if we work through some examples. Consider -the following trait: - -```rust,ignore -trait Convert<Target> { - fn convert(&self) -> Target; -} -``` +scope that could possibly apply. Otherwise, we can **winnow** down the set +of candidates by using where clauses and other conditions. Winnowing uses +`evaluate_candidate` to check whether the nested obligations may apply. +If this still leaves more than 1 candidate, we use ` fn candidate_should_be_dropped_in_favor_of` +to prefer some candidates over others. -This trait just has one method. It's about as simple as it gets. It -converts from the (implicit) `Self` type to the `Target` type. If we -wanted to permit conversion between `isize` and `usize`, we might -implement `Convert` like so: -```rust,ignore -impl Convert<usize> for isize { ... } // isize -> usize -impl Convert<isize> for usize { ... } // usize -> isize -``` - -Now imagine there is some code like the following: - -```rust,ignore -let x: isize = ...; -let y = x.convert(); -``` - -The call to convert will generate a trait reference `Convert<$Y> for -isize`, where `$Y` is the type variable representing the type of -`y`. Of the two impls we can see, the only one that matches is -`Convert<usize> for isize`. Therefore, we can -select this impl, which will cause the type of `$Y` to be unified to -`usize`. (Note that while assembling candidates, we do the initial -unifications in a transaction, so that they don't affect one another.) - -**TODO**: The example says we can "select" the impl, but this section is -talking specifically about candidate assembly. Does this mean we can sometimes -skip confirmation? Or is this poor wording? -**TODO**: Is the unification of `$Y` part of trait resolution or type -inference? Or is this not the same type of "inference variable" as in type -inference? +If this reduced set yields a single, unambiguous entry, we're good to go, +otherwise the result is considered ambiguous. #### Winnowing: Resolving ambiguities @@ -281,38 +238,18 @@ result of selection would be an error. Note that the candidate impl is chosen based on the `Self` type, but confirmation is done based on (in this case) the `Target` type parameter. -### Selection during translation +### Selection during codegen As mentioned above, during type checking, we do not store the results of trait -selection. At trans time, we repeat the trait selection to choose a particular -impl for each method call. In this second selection, we do not consider any -where-clauses to be in scope because we know that each resolution will resolve -to a particular impl. - -One interesting twist has to do with nested obligations. In general, in trans, -we only need to do a "shallow" selection for an obligation. That is, we wish to -identify which impl applies, but we do not (yet) need to decide how to select -any nested obligations. Nonetheless, we *do* currently do a complete resolution, -and that is because it can sometimes inform the results of type inference. +selection. At codegen time, we repeat the trait selection to choose a particular +impl for each method call. This is done using `fn codegen_select_candidate`. +In this second selection, we do not consider any where-clauses to be in scope +because we know that each resolution will resolve to a particular impl. + +One interesting twist has to do with nested obligations. In general, in codegen, +we only to figure out which candidate applies, we do not care about nested obligations, +as these are already assumed to be true. Nonetheless, we *do* currently do fulfill all of them. +That is because it can sometimes inform the results of type inference. That is, we do not have the full substitutions in terms of the type variables of the impl available to us, so we must run trait selection to figure everything out. - -**TODO**: is this still talking about trans? - -Here is an example: - -```rust,ignore -trait Foo { ... } -impl<U, T:Bar<U>> Foo for Vec<T> { ... } - -impl Bar<usize> for isize { ... } -``` - -After one shallow round of selection for an obligation like `Vec<isize> -: Foo`, we would know which impl we want, and we would know that -`T=isize`, but we do not know the type of `U`. We must select the -nested obligation `isize : Bar<U>` to find out that `U=usize`. - -It would be good to only do *just as much* nested resolution as -necessary. Currently, though, we just do a full resolution. diff --git a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/ty.md b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/ty.md index 1cc03fce0..9b35f0d4c 100644 --- a/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/ty.md +++ b/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/ty.md @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ expected type. The [`astconv` module][astconv] is where the code responsible for but also in other parts of the compiler that want to ask questions like "what argument types does this function expect?" -[astconv]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_typeck/astconv/index.html +[astconv]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir_analysis/astconv/index.html **How semantics drive the two instances of `Ty`** |
