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+# Clippy
+
+[![Clippy Test](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/workflows/Clippy%20Test/badge.svg?branch=auto&event=push)](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Clippy+Test%22+event%3Apush+branch%3Aauto)
+[![License: MIT OR Apache-2.0](https://img.shields.io/crates/l/clippy.svg)](#license)
+
+A collection of lints to catch common mistakes and improve your [Rust](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust) code.
+
+[There are over 550 lints included in this crate!](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html)
+
+Lints are divided into categories, each with a default [lint level](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustc/lints/levels.html).
+You can choose how much Clippy is supposed to ~~annoy~~ help you by changing the lint level by category.
+
+| Category | Description | Default level |
+| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------- |
+| `clippy::all` | all lints that are on by default (correctness, suspicious, style, complexity, perf) | **warn/deny** |
+| `clippy::correctness` | code that is outright wrong or useless | **deny** |
+| `clippy::suspicious` | code that is most likely wrong or useless | **warn** |
+| `clippy::style` | code that should be written in a more idiomatic way | **warn** |
+| `clippy::complexity` | code that does something simple but in a complex way | **warn** |
+| `clippy::perf` | code that can be written to run faster | **warn** |
+| `clippy::pedantic` | lints which are rather strict or have occasional false positives | allow |
+| `clippy::nursery` | new lints that are still under development | allow |
+| `clippy::cargo` | lints for the cargo manifest | allow |
+
+More to come, please [file an issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues) if you have ideas!
+
+The [lint list](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html) also contains "restriction lints", which are
+for things which are usually not considered "bad", but may be useful to turn on in specific cases. These should be used
+very selectively, if at all.
+
+Table of contents:
+
+* [Usage instructions](#usage)
+* [Configuration](#configuration)
+* [Contributing](#contributing)
+* [License](#license)
+
+## Usage
+
+Below are instructions on how to use Clippy as a cargo subcommand,
+in projects that do not use cargo, or in Travis CI.
+
+### As a cargo subcommand (`cargo clippy`)
+
+One way to use Clippy is by installing Clippy through rustup as a cargo
+subcommand.
+
+#### Step 1: Install Rustup
+
+You can install [Rustup](https://rustup.rs/) on supported platforms. This will help
+us install Clippy and its dependencies.
+
+If you already have Rustup installed, update to ensure you have the latest
+Rustup and compiler:
+
+```terminal
+rustup update
+```
+
+#### Step 2: Install Clippy
+
+Once you have rustup and the latest stable release (at least Rust 1.29) installed, run the following command:
+
+```terminal
+rustup component add clippy
+```
+If it says that it can't find the `clippy` component, please run `rustup self update`.
+
+#### Step 3: Run Clippy
+
+Now you can run Clippy by invoking the following command:
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy
+```
+
+#### Automatically applying Clippy suggestions
+
+Clippy can automatically apply some lint suggestions, just like the compiler.
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy --fix
+```
+
+#### Workspaces
+
+All the usual workspace options should work with Clippy. For example the following command
+will run Clippy on the `example` crate:
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -p example
+```
+
+As with `cargo check`, this includes dependencies that are members of the workspace, like path dependencies.
+If you want to run Clippy **only** on the given crate, use the `--no-deps` option like this:
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -p example -- --no-deps
+```
+
+### Using `clippy-driver`
+
+Clippy can also be used in projects that do not use cargo. To do so, run `clippy-driver`
+with the same arguments you use for `rustc`. For example:
+
+```terminal
+clippy-driver --edition 2018 -Cpanic=abort foo.rs
+```
+
+Note that `clippy-driver` is designed for running Clippy only and should not be used as a general
+replacement for `rustc`. `clippy-driver` may produce artifacts that are not optimized as expected,
+for example.
+
+### Travis CI
+
+You can add Clippy to Travis CI in the same way you use it locally:
+
+```yml
+language: rust
+rust:
+ - stable
+ - beta
+before_script:
+ - rustup component add clippy
+script:
+ - cargo clippy
+ # if you want the build job to fail when encountering warnings, use
+ - cargo clippy -- -D warnings
+ # in order to also check tests and non-default crate features, use
+ - cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings
+ - cargo test
+ # etc.
+```
+
+Note that adding `-D warnings` will cause your build to fail if **any** warnings are found in your code.
+That includes warnings found by rustc (e.g. `dead_code`, etc.). If you want to avoid this and only cause
+an error for Clippy warnings, use `#![deny(clippy::all)]` in your code or `-D clippy::all` on the command
+line. (You can swap `clippy::all` with the specific lint category you are targeting.)
+
+## Configuration
+
+Some lints can be configured in a TOML file named `clippy.toml` or `.clippy.toml`. It contains a basic `variable =
+value` mapping e.g.
+
+```toml
+avoid-breaking-exported-api = false
+blacklisted-names = ["toto", "tata", "titi"]
+cognitive-complexity-threshold = 30
+```
+
+See the [list of lints](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html) for more information about which
+lints can be configured and the meaning of the variables.
+
+Note that configuration changes will not apply for code that has already been compiled and cached under `./target/`;
+for example, adding a new string to `doc-valid-idents` may still result in Clippy flagging that string. To be sure that
+any configuration changes are applied, you may want to run `cargo clean` and re-compile your crate from scratch.
+
+To deactivate the “for further information visit *lint-link*” message you can
+define the `CLIPPY_DISABLE_DOCS_LINKS` environment variable.
+
+### Allowing/denying lints
+
+You can add options to your code to `allow`/`warn`/`deny` Clippy lints:
+
+* the whole set of `Warn` lints using the `clippy` lint group (`#![deny(clippy::all)]`).
+ Note that `rustc` has additional [lint groups](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustc/lints/groups.html).
+
+* all lints using both the `clippy` and `clippy::pedantic` lint groups (`#![deny(clippy::all)]`,
+ `#![deny(clippy::pedantic)]`). Note that `clippy::pedantic` contains some very aggressive
+ lints prone to false positives.
+
+* only some lints (`#![deny(clippy::single_match, clippy::box_vec)]`, etc.)
+
+* `allow`/`warn`/`deny` can be limited to a single function or module using `#[allow(...)]`, etc.
+
+Note: `allow` means to suppress the lint for your code. With `warn` the lint
+will only emit a warning, while with `deny` the lint will emit an error, when
+triggering for your code. An error causes clippy to exit with an error code, so
+is useful in scripts like CI/CD.
+
+If you do not want to include your lint levels in your code, you can globally
+enable/disable lints by passing extra flags to Clippy during the run:
+
+To allow `lint_name`, run
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -- -A clippy::lint_name
+```
+
+And to warn on `lint_name`, run
+
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -- -W clippy::lint_name
+```
+
+This also works with lint groups. For example, you
+can run Clippy with warnings for all lints enabled:
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -- -W clippy::pedantic
+```
+
+If you care only about a single lint, you can allow all others and then explicitly warn on
+the lint(s) you are interested in:
+```terminal
+cargo clippy -- -A clippy::all -W clippy::useless_format -W clippy::...
+```
+
+### Specifying the minimum supported Rust version
+
+Projects that intend to support old versions of Rust can disable lints pertaining to newer features by
+specifying the minimum supported Rust version (MSRV) in the clippy configuration file.
+
+```toml
+msrv = "1.30.0"
+```
+
+Alternatively, the [`rust-version` field](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html#the-rust-version-field)
+in the `Cargo.toml` can be used.
+
+```toml
+# Cargo.toml
+rust-version = "1.30"
+```
+
+The MSRV can also be specified as an inner attribute, like below.
+
+```rust
+#![feature(custom_inner_attributes)]
+#![clippy::msrv = "1.30.0"]
+
+fn main() {
+ ...
+}
+```
+
+You can also omit the patch version when specifying the MSRV, so `msrv = 1.30`
+is equivalent to `msrv = 1.30.0`.
+
+Note: `custom_inner_attributes` is an unstable feature, so it has to be enabled explicitly.
+
+Lints that recognize this configuration option can be found [here](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#msrv)
+
+## Contributing
+
+If you want to contribute to Clippy, you can find more information in [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md).
+
+## License
+
+Copyright 2014-2022 The Rust Project Developers
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+[https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)> or the MIT license
+<LICENSE-MIT or [https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)>, at your
+option. Files in the project may not be
+copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.