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Diffstat (limited to 'vendor/clap-3.2.20/src/builder/command.rs')
| -rw-r--r-- | vendor/clap-3.2.20/src/builder/command.rs | 5189 |
1 files changed, 5189 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/vendor/clap-3.2.20/src/builder/command.rs b/vendor/clap-3.2.20/src/builder/command.rs new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de59ad8cd --- /dev/null +++ b/vendor/clap-3.2.20/src/builder/command.rs @@ -0,0 +1,5189 @@ +#![allow(deprecated)] + +// Std +use std::collections::HashMap; +use std::env; +use std::ffi::OsString; +use std::fmt; +use std::io; +use std::ops::Index; +use std::path::Path; + +// Third Party +#[cfg(feature = "yaml")] +use yaml_rust::Yaml; + +// Internal +use crate::builder::app_settings::{AppFlags, AppSettings}; +use crate::builder::arg_settings::ArgSettings; +use crate::builder::{arg::ArgProvider, Arg, ArgGroup, ArgPredicate}; +use crate::error::ErrorKind; +use crate::error::Result as ClapResult; +use crate::mkeymap::MKeyMap; +use crate::output::fmt::Stream; +use crate::output::{fmt::Colorizer, Help, HelpWriter, Usage}; +use crate::parser::{ArgMatcher, ArgMatches, Parser}; +use crate::util::ChildGraph; +use crate::util::{color::ColorChoice, Id, Key}; +use crate::PossibleValue; +use crate::{Error, INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG}; + +#[cfg(debug_assertions)] +use crate::builder::debug_asserts::assert_app; + +/// Build a command-line interface. +/// +/// This includes defining arguments, subcommands, parser behavior, and help output. +/// Once all configuration is complete, +/// the [`Command::get_matches`] family of methods starts the runtime-parsing +/// process. These methods then return information about the user supplied +/// arguments (or lack thereof). +/// +/// When deriving a [`Parser`][crate::Parser], you can use +/// [`CommandFactory::command`][crate::CommandFactory::command] to access the +/// `Command`. +/// +/// - [Basic API][crate::App#basic-api] +/// - [Application-wide Settings][crate::App#application-wide-settings] +/// - [Command-specific Settings][crate::App#command-specific-settings] +/// - [Subcommand-specific Settings][crate::App#subcommand-specific-settings] +/// - [Reflection][crate::App#reflection] +/// +/// # Examples +/// +/// ```no_run +/// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; +/// let m = Command::new("My Program") +/// .author("Me, me@mail.com") +/// .version("1.0.2") +/// .about("Explains in brief what the program does") +/// .arg( +/// Arg::new("in_file") +/// ) +/// .after_help("Longer explanation to appear after the options when \ +/// displaying the help information from --help or -h") +/// .get_matches(); +/// +/// // Your program logic starts here... +/// ``` +/// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches() +pub type Command<'help> = App<'help>; + +/// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command`] +#[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `Command`") +)] +#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)] +pub struct App<'help> { + id: Id, + name: String, + long_flag: Option<&'help str>, + short_flag: Option<char>, + display_name: Option<String>, + bin_name: Option<String>, + author: Option<&'help str>, + version: Option<&'help str>, + long_version: Option<&'help str>, + about: Option<&'help str>, + long_about: Option<&'help str>, + before_help: Option<&'help str>, + before_long_help: Option<&'help str>, + after_help: Option<&'help str>, + after_long_help: Option<&'help str>, + aliases: Vec<(&'help str, bool)>, // (name, visible) + short_flag_aliases: Vec<(char, bool)>, // (name, visible) + long_flag_aliases: Vec<(&'help str, bool)>, // (name, visible) + usage_str: Option<&'help str>, + usage_name: Option<String>, + help_str: Option<&'help str>, + disp_ord: Option<usize>, + term_w: Option<usize>, + max_w: Option<usize>, + template: Option<&'help str>, + settings: AppFlags, + g_settings: AppFlags, + args: MKeyMap<'help>, + subcommands: Vec<App<'help>>, + replacers: HashMap<&'help str, &'help [&'help str]>, + groups: Vec<ArgGroup<'help>>, + current_help_heading: Option<&'help str>, + current_disp_ord: Option<usize>, + subcommand_value_name: Option<&'help str>, + subcommand_heading: Option<&'help str>, +} + +/// # Basic API +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// Creates a new instance of an `Command`. + /// + /// It is common, but not required, to use binary name as the `name`. This + /// name will only be displayed to the user when they request to print + /// version or help and usage information. + /// + /// See also [`command!`](crate::command!) and [`crate_name!`](crate::crate_name!). + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("My Program") + /// # ; + /// ``` + pub fn new<S: Into<String>>(name: S) -> Self { + /// The actual implementation of `new`, non-generic to save code size. + /// + /// If we don't do this rustc will unnecessarily generate multiple versions + /// of this code. + fn new_inner<'help>(name: String) -> App<'help> { + App { + id: Id::from(&*name), + name, + ..Default::default() + } + .arg( + Arg::new("help") + .long("help") + .help("Print help information") + .global(true) + .generated(), + ) + .arg( + Arg::new("version") + .long("version") + .help("Print version information") + .global(true) + .generated(), + ) + } + + new_inner(name.into()) + } + + /// Adds an [argument] to the list of valid possibilities. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, arg, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// // Adding a single "flag" argument with a short and help text, using Arg::new() + /// .arg( + /// Arg::new("debug") + /// .short('d') + /// .help("turns on debugging mode") + /// ) + /// // Adding a single "option" argument with a short, a long, and help text using the less + /// // verbose Arg::from() + /// .arg( + /// arg!(-c --config <CONFIG> "Optionally sets a config file to use") + /// ) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [argument]: Arg + #[must_use] + pub fn arg<A: Into<Arg<'help>>>(mut self, a: A) -> Self { + let mut arg = a.into(); + if let Some(current_disp_ord) = self.current_disp_ord.as_mut() { + if !arg.is_positional() && arg.provider != ArgProvider::Generated { + let current = *current_disp_ord; + arg.disp_ord.set_implicit(current); + *current_disp_ord = current + 1; + } + } + + arg.help_heading.get_or_insert(self.current_help_heading); + self.args.push(arg); + self + } + + /// Adds multiple [arguments] to the list of valid possibilities. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, arg, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .args(&[ + /// arg!("[debug] -d 'turns on debugging info'"), + /// Arg::new("input").help("the input file to use") + /// ]) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [arguments]: Arg + #[must_use] + pub fn args<I, T>(mut self, args: I) -> Self + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<Arg<'help>>, + { + let args = args.into_iter(); + let (lower, _) = args.size_hint(); + self.args.reserve(lower); + + for arg in args { + self = self.arg(arg); + } + self + } + + /// Allows one to mutate an [`Arg`] after it's been added to a [`Command`]. + /// + /// This can be useful for modifying the auto-generated help or version arguments. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("foo") + /// .arg(Arg::new("bar") + /// .short('b')) + /// .mut_arg("bar", |a| a.short('B')); + /// + /// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "-b"]); + /// + /// // Since we changed `bar`'s short to "B" this should err as there + /// // is no `-b` anymore, only `-B` + /// + /// assert!(res.is_err()); + /// + /// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "-B"]); + /// assert!(res.is_ok()); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn mut_arg<T, F>(mut self, arg_id: T, f: F) -> Self + where + F: FnOnce(Arg<'help>) -> Arg<'help>, + T: Key + Into<&'help str>, + { + let arg_id: &str = arg_id.into(); + let id = Id::from(arg_id); + + let mut a = self.args.remove_by_name(&id).unwrap_or_else(|| Arg { + id, + name: arg_id, + ..Arg::default() + }); + + if a.provider == ArgProvider::Generated { + a.provider = ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated; + } + + self.args.push(f(a)); + self + } + + /// Allows one to mutate a [`Command`] after it's been added as a subcommand. + /// + /// This can be useful for modifying auto-generated arguments of nested subcommands with + /// [`Command::mut_arg`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("foo") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("bar")) + /// .mut_subcommand("bar", |subcmd| subcmd.disable_help_flag(true)); + /// + /// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "bar", "--help"]); + /// + /// // Since we disabled the help flag on the "bar" subcommand, this should err. + /// + /// assert!(res.is_err()); + /// + /// let res = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(vec!["foo", "bar"]); + /// assert!(res.is_ok()); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn mut_subcommand<'a, T, F>(mut self, subcmd_id: T, f: F) -> Self + where + F: FnOnce(App<'help>) -> App<'help>, + T: Into<&'a str>, + { + let subcmd_id: &str = subcmd_id.into(); + let id = Id::from(subcmd_id); + + let pos = self.subcommands.iter().position(|s| s.id == id); + + let subcmd = if let Some(idx) = pos { + self.subcommands.remove(idx) + } else { + App::new(subcmd_id) + }; + + self.subcommands.push(f(subcmd)); + self + } + + /// Adds an [`ArgGroup`] to the application. + /// + /// [`ArgGroup`]s are a family of related arguments. + /// By placing them in a logical group, you can build easier requirement and exclusion rules. + /// + /// Example use cases: + /// - Make an entire [`ArgGroup`] required, meaning that one (and *only* + /// one) argument from that group must be present at runtime. + /// - Name an [`ArgGroup`] as a conflict to another argument. + /// Meaning any of the arguments that belong to that group will cause a failure if present with + /// the conflicting argument. + /// - Ensure exclusion between arguments. + /// - Extract a value from a group instead of determining exactly which argument was used. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// The following example demonstrates using an [`ArgGroup`] to ensure that one, and only one, + /// of the arguments from the specified group is present at runtime. + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup}; + /// Command::new("cmd") + /// .arg(arg!("--set-ver [ver] 'set the version manually'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--major 'auto increase major'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--minor 'auto increase minor'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--patch 'auto increase patch'")) + /// .group(ArgGroup::new("vers") + /// .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"]) + /// .required(true)) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn group<G: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>>(mut self, group: G) -> Self { + self.groups.push(group.into()); + self + } + + /// Adds multiple [`ArgGroup`]s to the [`Command`] at once. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup}; + /// Command::new("cmd") + /// .arg(arg!("--set-ver [ver] 'set the version manually'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--major 'auto increase major'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--minor 'auto increase minor'")) + /// .arg(arg!("--patch 'auto increase patch'")) + /// .arg(arg!("-c [FILE] 'a config file'")) + /// .arg(arg!("-i [IFACE] 'an interface'")) + /// .groups(&[ + /// ArgGroup::new("vers") + /// .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"]) + /// .required(true), + /// ArgGroup::new("input") + /// .args(&["c", "i"]) + /// ]) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn groups<I, T>(mut self, groups: I) -> Self + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>, + { + for g in groups.into_iter() { + self = self.group(g.into()); + } + self + } + + /// Adds a subcommand to the list of valid possibilities. + /// + /// Subcommands are effectively sub-[`Command`]s, because they can contain their own arguments, + /// subcommands, version, usage, etc. They also function just like [`Command`]s, in that they get + /// their own auto generated help, version, and usage. + /// + /// A subcommand's [`Command::name`] will be used for: + /// - The argument the user passes in + /// - Programmatically looking up the subcommand + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("config") + /// .about("Controls configuration features") + /// .arg(arg!("<config> 'Required configuration file to use'"))) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn subcommand<S: Into<App<'help>>>(mut self, subcmd: S) -> Self { + self.subcommands.push(subcmd.into()); + self + } + + /// Adds multiple subcommands to the list of valid possibilities. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// # Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommands( vec![ + /// Command::new("config").about("Controls configuration functionality") + /// .arg(Arg::new("config_file")), + /// Command::new("debug").about("Controls debug functionality")]) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`IntoIterator`]: std::iter::IntoIterator + #[must_use] + pub fn subcommands<I, T>(mut self, subcmds: I) -> Self + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<App<'help>>, + { + for subcmd in subcmds.into_iter() { + self.subcommands.push(subcmd.into()); + } + self + } + + /// Catch problems earlier in the development cycle. + /// + /// Most error states are handled as asserts under the assumption they are programming mistake + /// and not something to handle at runtime. Rather than relying on tests (manual or automated) + /// that exhaustively test your CLI to ensure the asserts are evaluated, this will run those + /// asserts in a way convenient for running as a test. + /// + /// **Note::** This will not help with asserts in [`ArgMatches`], those will need exhaustive + /// testing of your CLI. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction}; + /// fn cmd() -> Command<'static> { + /// Command::new("foo") + /// .arg( + /// Arg::new("bar").short('b').action(ArgAction::SetTrue) + /// ) + /// } + /// + /// #[test] + /// fn verify_app() { + /// cmd().debug_assert(); + /// } + /// + /// fn main() { + /// let m = cmd().get_matches_from(vec!["foo", "-b"]); + /// println!("{}", *m.get_one::<bool>("bar").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// } + /// ``` + pub fn debug_assert(mut self) { + self._build_all(); + } + + /// Custom error message for post-parsing validation + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// let err = cmd.error(ErrorKind::InvalidValue, "Some failure case"); + /// ``` + pub fn error(&mut self, kind: ErrorKind, message: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Error { + Error::raw(kind, message).format(self) + } + + /// Parse [`env::args_os`], exiting on failure. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let matches = Command::new("myprog") + /// // Args and options go here... + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + /// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os() + /// [`App::try_get_matches_from_mut`]: Command::try_get_matches_from_mut() + #[inline] + pub fn get_matches(self) -> ArgMatches { + self.get_matches_from(&mut env::args_os()) + } + + /// Parse [`env::args_os`], exiting on failure. + /// + /// Like [`App::get_matches`] but doesn't consume the `Command`. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog") + /// // Args and options go here... + /// ; + /// let matches = cmd.get_matches_mut(); + /// ``` + /// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os() + /// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches() + pub fn get_matches_mut(&mut self) -> ArgMatches { + self.try_get_matches_from_mut(&mut env::args_os()) + .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit()) + } + + /// Parse [`env::args_os`], returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are + /// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a + /// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`] or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call + /// [`Error::exit`] or perform a [`std::process::exit`]. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let matches = Command::new("myprog") + /// // Args and options go here... + /// .try_get_matches() + /// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit()); + /// ``` + /// [`env::args_os`]: std::env::args_os() + /// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit() + /// [`std::process::exit`]: std::process::exit() + /// [`clap::Result`]: Result + /// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error + /// [`kind`]: crate::Error + /// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayHelp + /// [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayVersion + #[inline] + pub fn try_get_matches(self) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> { + // Start the parsing + self.try_get_matches_from(&mut env::args_os()) + } + + /// Parse the specified arguments, exiting on failure. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless + /// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"]; + /// + /// let matches = Command::new("myprog") + /// // Args and options go here... + /// .get_matches_from(arg_vec); + /// ``` + /// [`App::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches() + /// [`clap::Result`]: Result + /// [`Vec`]: std::vec::Vec + pub fn get_matches_from<I, T>(mut self, itr: I) -> ArgMatches + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<OsString> + Clone, + { + self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr).unwrap_or_else(|e| { + drop(self); + e.exit() + }) + } + + /// Parse the specified arguments, returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are + /// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`] + /// or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call [`Error::exit`] or + /// perform a [`std::process::exit`] yourself. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless + /// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"]; + /// + /// let matches = Command::new("myprog") + /// // Args and options go here... + /// .try_get_matches_from(arg_vec) + /// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit()); + /// ``` + /// [`App::get_matches_from`]: Command::get_matches_from() + /// [`App::try_get_matches`]: Command::try_get_matches() + /// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit() + /// [`std::process::exit`]: std::process::exit() + /// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error + /// [`Error::exit`]: crate::Error::exit() + /// [`kind`]: crate::Error + /// [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayHelp + /// [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`]: crate::ErrorKind::DisplayVersion + /// [`clap::Result`]: Result + pub fn try_get_matches_from<I, T>(mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<OsString> + Clone, + { + self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr) + } + + /// Parse the specified arguments, returning a [`clap::Result`] on failure. + /// + /// Like [`App::try_get_matches_from`] but doesn't consume the `Command`. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This method WILL NOT exit when `--help` or `--version` (or short versions) are + /// used. It will return a [`clap::Error`], where the [`kind`] is a [`ErrorKind::DisplayHelp`] + /// or [`ErrorKind::DisplayVersion`] respectively. You must call [`Error::exit`] or + /// perform a [`std::process::exit`] yourself. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The first argument will be parsed as the binary name unless + /// [`Command::no_binary_name`] is used. + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// If contradictory arguments or settings exist. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let arg_vec = vec!["my_prog", "some", "args", "to", "parse"]; + /// + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// // Args and options go here... + /// let matches = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(arg_vec) + /// .unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit()); + /// ``` + /// [`App::try_get_matches_from`]: Command::try_get_matches_from() + /// [`clap::Result`]: Result + /// [`clap::Error`]: crate::Error + /// [`kind`]: crate::Error + pub fn try_get_matches_from_mut<I, T>(&mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<OsString> + Clone, + { + let mut raw_args = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(itr.into_iter()); + let mut cursor = raw_args.cursor(); + + if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::Multicall) { + if let Some(argv0) = raw_args.next_os(&mut cursor) { + let argv0 = Path::new(&argv0); + if let Some(command) = argv0.file_stem().and_then(|f| f.to_str()) { + // Stop borrowing command so we can get another mut ref to it. + let command = command.to_owned(); + debug!( + "Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Parsed command {} from argv", + command + ); + + debug!("Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Reinserting command into arguments so subcommand parser matches it"); + raw_args.insert(&cursor, &[&command]); + debug!("Command::try_get_matches_from_mut: Clearing name and bin_name so that displayed command name starts with applet name"); + self.name.clear(); + self.bin_name = None; + return self._do_parse(&mut raw_args, cursor); + } + } + }; + + // Get the name of the program (argument 1 of env::args()) and determine the + // actual file + // that was used to execute the program. This is because a program called + // ./target/release/my_prog -a + // will have two arguments, './target/release/my_prog', '-a' but we don't want + // to display + // the full path when displaying help messages and such + if !self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::NoBinaryName) { + if let Some(name) = raw_args.next_os(&mut cursor) { + let p = Path::new(name); + + if let Some(f) = p.file_name() { + if let Some(s) = f.to_str() { + if self.bin_name.is_none() { + self.bin_name = Some(s.to_owned()); + } + } + } + } + } + + self._do_parse(&mut raw_args, cursor) + } + + /// Prints the short help message (`-h`) to [`io::stdout()`]. + /// + /// See also [`Command::print_long_help`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// cmd.print_help(); + /// ``` + /// [`io::stdout()`]: std::io::stdout() + pub fn print_help(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> { + self._build_self(); + let color = self.color_help(); + + let mut c = Colorizer::new(Stream::Stdout, color); + let usage = Usage::new(self); + Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, false).write_help()?; + c.print() + } + + /// Prints the long help message (`--help`) to [`io::stdout()`]. + /// + /// See also [`Command::print_help`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// cmd.print_long_help(); + /// ``` + /// [`io::stdout()`]: std::io::stdout() + /// [`BufWriter`]: std::io::BufWriter + /// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help() + /// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help() + pub fn print_long_help(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> { + self._build_self(); + let color = self.color_help(); + + let mut c = Colorizer::new(Stream::Stdout, color); + let usage = Usage::new(self); + Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, true).write_help()?; + c.print() + } + + /// Writes the short help message (`-h`) to a [`io::Write`] object. + /// + /// See also [`Command::write_long_help`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// use std::io; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// let mut out = io::stdout(); + /// cmd.write_help(&mut out).expect("failed to write to stdout"); + /// ``` + /// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write + /// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help() + /// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help() + pub fn write_help<W: io::Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> { + self._build_self(); + + let usage = Usage::new(self); + Help::new(HelpWriter::Normal(w), self, &usage, false).write_help()?; + w.flush() + } + + /// Writes the long help message (`--help`) to a [`io::Write`] object. + /// + /// See also [`Command::write_help`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// use std::io; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// let mut out = io::stdout(); + /// cmd.write_long_help(&mut out).expect("failed to write to stdout"); + /// ``` + /// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write + /// [`-h` (short)]: Arg::help() + /// [`--help` (long)]: Arg::long_help() + pub fn write_long_help<W: io::Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W) -> io::Result<()> { + self._build_self(); + + let usage = Usage::new(self); + Help::new(HelpWriter::Normal(w), self, &usage, true).write_help()?; + w.flush() + } + + /// Version message rendered as if the user ran `-V`. + /// + /// See also [`Command::render_long_version`]. + /// + /// ### Coloring + /// + /// This function does not try to color the message nor it inserts any [ANSI escape codes]. + /// + /// ### Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// use std::io; + /// let cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// println!("{}", cmd.render_version()); + /// ``` + /// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write + /// [`-V` (short)]: Command::version() + /// [`--version` (long)]: Command::long_version() + /// [ANSI escape codes]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code + pub fn render_version(&self) -> String { + self._render_version(false) + } + + /// Version message rendered as if the user ran `--version`. + /// + /// See also [`Command::render_version`]. + /// + /// ### Coloring + /// + /// This function does not try to color the message nor it inserts any [ANSI escape codes]. + /// + /// ### Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// use std::io; + /// let cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// println!("{}", cmd.render_long_version()); + /// ``` + /// [`io::Write`]: std::io::Write + /// [`-V` (short)]: Command::version() + /// [`--version` (long)]: Command::long_version() + /// [ANSI escape codes]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code + pub fn render_long_version(&self) -> String { + self._render_version(true) + } + + /// Usage statement + /// + /// ### Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// use std::io; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("myprog"); + /// println!("{}", cmd.render_usage()); + /// ``` + pub fn render_usage(&mut self) -> String { + // If there are global arguments, or settings we need to propagate them down to subcommands + // before parsing incase we run into a subcommand + self._build_self(); + + Usage::new(self).create_usage_with_title(&[]) + } +} + +/// # Application-wide Settings +/// +/// These settings will apply to the top-level command and all subcommands, by default. Some +/// settings can be overridden in subcommands. +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// Specifies that the parser should not assume the first argument passed is the binary name. + /// + /// This is normally the case when using a "daemon" style mode. For shells / REPLs, see + /// [`Command::multicall`][App::multicall]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, arg}; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .no_binary_name(true) + /// .arg(arg!(<cmd> ... "commands to run")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["command", "set"]); + /// + /// let cmds: Vec<&str> = m.values_of("cmd").unwrap().collect(); + /// assert_eq!(cmds, ["command", "set"]); + /// ``` + /// [`try_get_matches_from_mut`]: crate::Command::try_get_matches_from_mut() + #[inline] + pub fn no_binary_name(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::NoBinaryName) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::NoBinaryName) + } + } + + /// Try not to fail on parse errors, like missing option values. + /// + /// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting + /// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands! + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, arg}; + /// let cmd = Command::new("cmd") + /// .ignore_errors(true) + /// .arg(arg!(-c --config <FILE> "Sets a custom config file").required(false)) + /// .arg(arg!(-x --stuff <FILE> "Sets a custom stuff file").required(false)) + /// .arg(arg!(f: -f "Flag")); + /// + /// let r = cmd.try_get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "-c", "file", "-f", "-x"]); + /// + /// assert!(r.is_ok(), "unexpected error: {:?}", r); + /// let m = r.unwrap(); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("config"), Some("file")); + /// assert!(m.is_present("f")); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("stuff"), None); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn ignore_errors(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors) + } + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`ArgAction::Set`][super::ArgAction::Set] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.2.0", note = "Replaced with `Arg::action(ArgAction::Set)`") + )] + pub fn args_override_self(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf) + } + } + + /// Disables the automatic delimiting of values after `--` or when [`Command::trailing_var_arg`] + /// was used. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The same thing can be done manually by setting the final positional argument to + /// [`Arg::use_value_delimiter(false)`]. Using this setting is safer, because it's easier to locate + /// when making changes. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .dont_delimit_trailing_values(true) + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`Arg::use_value_delimiter(false)`]: crate::Arg::use_value_delimiter() + #[inline] + pub fn dont_delimit_trailing_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues) + } + } + + /// Sets when to color output. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Default behaviour is [`ColorChoice::Auto`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, ColorChoice}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .color(ColorChoice::Never) + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + /// [`ColorChoice::Auto`]: crate::ColorChoice::Auto + #[cfg(feature = "color")] + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn color(self, color: ColorChoice) -> Self { + #![allow(deprecated)] + let cmd = self + .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAuto) + .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAlways) + .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::ColorNever); + match color { + ColorChoice::Auto => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAuto), + ColorChoice::Always => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorAlways), + ColorChoice::Never => cmd.global_setting(AppSettings::ColorNever), + } + } + + /// Sets the terminal width at which to wrap help messages. + /// + /// Using `0` will ignore terminal widths and use source formatting. + /// + /// Defaults to current terminal width when `wrap_help` feature flag is enabled. If the flag + /// is disabled or it cannot be determined, the default is 100. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This setting applies globally and *not* on a per-command basis. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .term_width(80) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn term_width(mut self, width: usize) -> Self { + self.term_w = Some(width); + self + } + + /// Sets the maximum terminal width at which to wrap help messages. + /// + /// This only applies when setting the current terminal width. See [`Command::term_width`] for + /// more details. + /// + /// Using `0` will ignore terminal widths and use source formatting. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This setting applies globally and *not* on a per-command basis. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .max_term_width(100) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn max_term_width(mut self, w: usize) -> Self { + self.max_w = Some(w); + self + } + + /// Disables `-V` and `--version` flag. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let res = Command::new("myprog") + /// .disable_version_flag(true) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "-V" + /// ]); + /// assert!(res.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn disable_version_flag(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag) + } + } + + /// Specifies to use the version of the current command for all [`subcommands`]. + /// + /// Defaults to `false`; subcommands have independent version strings from their parents. + /// + /// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting + /// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands! + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .version("v1.1") + /// .propagate_version(true) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .get_matches(); + /// // running `$ myprog test --version` will display + /// // "myprog-test v1.1" + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + #[inline] + pub fn propagate_version(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion) + } + } + + /// Places the help string for all arguments and subcommands on the line after them. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .next_line_help(true) + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn next_line_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::NextLineHelp) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::NextLineHelp) + } + } + + /// Disables `-h` and `--help` flag. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let res = Command::new("myprog") + /// .disable_help_flag(true) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "-h" + /// ]); + /// assert!(res.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn disable_help_flag(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag) + } + } + + /// Disables the `help` [`subcommand`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let res = Command::new("myprog") + /// .disable_help_subcommand(true) + /// // Normally, creating a subcommand causes a `help` subcommand to automatically + /// // be generated as well + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "help" + /// ]); + /// assert!(res.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + #[inline] + pub fn disable_help_subcommand(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand) + } + } + + /// Disables colorized help messages. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .disable_colored_help(true) + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn disable_colored_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp) + } + } + + /// Panic if help descriptions are omitted. + /// + /// **NOTE:** When deriving [`Parser`][crate::Parser], you could instead check this at + /// compile-time with `#![deny(missing_docs)]` + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .help_expected(true) + /// .arg( + /// Arg::new("foo").help("It does foo stuff") + /// // As required via `help_expected`, a help message was supplied + /// ) + /// # .get_matches(); + /// ``` + /// + /// # Panics + /// + /// ```rust,no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myapp") + /// .help_expected(true) + /// .arg( + /// Arg::new("foo") + /// // Someone forgot to put .about("...") here + /// // Since the setting `help_expected` is activated, this will lead to + /// // a panic (if you are in debug mode) + /// ) + /// # .get_matches(); + ///``` + #[inline] + pub fn help_expected(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::HelpExpected) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::HelpExpected) + } + } + + /// Disables the automatic collapsing of positional args into `[ARGS]` inside the usage string. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .dont_collapse_args_in_usage(true) + /// .get_matches(); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn dont_collapse_args_in_usage(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage) + } + } + + /// Tells `clap` *not* to print possible values when displaying help information. + /// + /// This can be useful if there are many values, or they are explained elsewhere. + /// + /// To set this per argument, see + /// [`Arg::hide_possible_values`][crate::Arg::hide_possible_values]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn hide_possible_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues) + } + } + + /// Allow partial matches of long arguments or their [aliases]. + /// + /// For example, to match an argument named `--test`, one could use `--t`, `--te`, `--tes`, and + /// `--test`. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The match *must not* be ambiguous at all in order to succeed. i.e. to match + /// `--te` to `--test` there could not also be another argument or alias `--temp` because both + /// start with `--te` + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// [aliases]: crate::Command::aliases() + #[inline] + pub fn infer_long_args(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::InferLongArgs) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::InferLongArgs) + } + } + + /// Allow partial matches of [subcommand] names and their [aliases]. + /// + /// For example, to match a subcommand named `test`, one could use `t`, `te`, `tes`, and + /// `test`. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The match *must not* be ambiguous at all in order to succeed. i.e. to match `te` + /// to `test` there could not also be a subcommand or alias `temp` because both start with `te` + /// + /// **CAUTION:** This setting can interfere with [positional/free arguments], take care when + /// designing CLIs which allow inferred subcommands and have potential positional/free + /// arguments whose values could start with the same characters as subcommands. If this is the + /// case, it's recommended to use settings such as [`Command::args_conflicts_with_subcommands`] in + /// conjunction with this setting. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This choice is propagated to all child subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let m = Command::new("prog") + /// .infer_subcommands(true) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "prog", "te" + /// ]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// + /// [subcommand]: crate::Command::subcommand() + /// [positional/free arguments]: crate::Arg::index() + /// [aliases]: crate::Command::aliases() + #[inline] + pub fn infer_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.global_setting(AppSettings::InferSubcommands) + } else { + self.unset_global_setting(AppSettings::InferSubcommands) + } + } +} + +/// # Command-specific Settings +/// +/// These apply only to the current command and are not inherited by subcommands. +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// (Re)Sets the program's name. + /// + /// See [`Command::new`] for more details. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```ignore + /// # use clap::{Command, load_yaml}; + /// let yaml = load_yaml!("cmd.yaml"); + /// let cmd = Command::from(yaml) + /// .name(crate_name!()); + /// + /// // continued logic goes here, such as `cmd.get_matches()` etc. + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self { + self.name = name.into(); + self + } + + /// Overrides the runtime-determined name of the binary for help and error messages. + /// + /// This should only be used when absolutely necessary, such as when the binary name for your + /// application is misleading, or perhaps *not* how the user should invoke your program. + /// + /// **Pro-tip:** When building things such as third party `cargo` + /// subcommands, this setting **should** be used! + /// + /// **NOTE:** This *does not* change or set the name of the binary file on + /// disk. It only changes what clap thinks the name is for the purposes of + /// error or help messages. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("My Program") + /// .bin_name("my_binary") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn bin_name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self { + self.bin_name = Some(name.into()); + self + } + + /// Overrides the runtime-determined display name of the program for help and error messages. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("My Program") + /// .display_name("my_program") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn display_name<S: Into<String>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self { + self.display_name = Some(name.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the author(s) for the help message. + /// + /// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_authors!`] to + /// automatically set your application's author(s) to the same thing as your + /// crate at compile time. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .author("Me, me@mymain.com") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`crate_authors!`]: ./macro.crate_authors!.html + #[must_use] + pub fn author<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, author: S) -> Self { + self.author = Some(author.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the program's description for the short help (`-h`). + /// + /// If [`Command::long_about`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Only `Command::about` (short format) is used in completion + /// script generation in order to be concise. + /// + /// See also [`crate_description!`](crate::crate_description!). + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .about("Does really amazing things for great people") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn about<O: Into<Option<&'help str>>>(mut self, about: O) -> Self { + self.about = about.into(); + self + } + + /// Sets the program's description for the long help (`--help`). + /// + /// If [`Command::about`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Only [`Command::about`] (short format) is used in completion + /// script generation in order to be concise. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .long_about( + /// "Does really amazing things to great people. Now let's talk a little + /// more in depth about how this subcommand really works. It may take about + /// a few lines of text, but that's ok!") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`App::about`]: Command::about() + #[must_use] + pub fn long_about<O: Into<Option<&'help str>>>(mut self, long_about: O) -> Self { + self.long_about = long_about.into(); + self + } + + /// Free-form help text for after auto-generated short help (`-h`). + /// + /// This is often used to describe how to use the arguments, caveats to be noted, or license + /// and contact information. + /// + /// If [`Command::after_long_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .after_help("Does really amazing things for great people... but be careful with -R!") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + #[must_use] + pub fn after_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self { + self.after_help = Some(help.into()); + self + } + + /// Free-form help text for after auto-generated long help (`--help`). + /// + /// This is often used to describe how to use the arguments, caveats to be noted, or license + /// and contact information. + /// + /// If [`Command::after_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .after_long_help("Does really amazing things to great people... but be careful with -R, \ + /// like, for real, be careful with this!") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn after_long_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self { + self.after_long_help = Some(help.into()); + self + } + + /// Free-form help text for before auto-generated short help (`-h`). + /// + /// This is often used for header, copyright, or license information. + /// + /// If [`Command::before_long_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--help`. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .before_help("Some info I'd like to appear before the help info") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn before_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self { + self.before_help = Some(help.into()); + self + } + + /// Free-form help text for before auto-generated long help (`--help`). + /// + /// This is often used for header, copyright, or license information. + /// + /// If [`Command::before_help`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-h`. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .before_long_help("Some verbose and long info I'd like to appear before the help info") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn before_long_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self { + self.before_long_help = Some(help.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the version for the short version (`-V`) and help messages. + /// + /// If [`Command::long_version`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `--version`. + /// + /// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_version!`] to + /// automatically set your application's version to the same thing as your + /// crate at compile time. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .version("v0.1.24") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`crate_version!`]: ./macro.crate_version!.html + #[must_use] + pub fn version<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, ver: S) -> Self { + self.version = Some(ver.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the version for the long version (`--version`) and help messages. + /// + /// If [`Command::version`] is not specified, this message will be displayed for `-V`. + /// + /// **Pro-tip:** Use `clap`s convenience macro [`crate_version!`] to + /// automatically set your application's version to the same thing as your + /// crate at compile time. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .long_version( + /// "v0.1.24 + /// commit: abcdef89726d + /// revision: 123 + /// release: 2 + /// binary: myprog") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`crate_version!`]: ./macro.crate_version!.html + #[must_use] + pub fn long_version<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, ver: S) -> Self { + self.long_version = Some(ver.into()); + self + } + + /// Overrides the `clap` generated usage string for help and error messages. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Using this setting disables `clap`s "context-aware" usage + /// strings. After this setting is set, this will be *the only* usage string + /// displayed to the user! + /// + /// **NOTE:** Multiple usage lines may be present in the usage argument, but + /// some rules need to be followed to ensure the usage lines are formatted + /// correctly by the default help formatter: + /// + /// - Do not indent the first usage line. + /// - Indent all subsequent usage lines with four spaces. + /// - The last line must not end with a newline. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .override_usage("myapp [-clDas] <some_file>") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// Or for multiple usage lines: + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .override_usage( + /// "myapp -X [-a] [-b] <file>\n \ + /// myapp -Y [-c] <file1> <file2>\n \ + /// myapp -Z [-d|-e]" + /// ) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// [`ArgMatches::usage`]: ArgMatches::usage() + #[must_use] + pub fn override_usage<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, usage: S) -> Self { + self.usage_str = Some(usage.into()); + self + } + + /// Overrides the `clap` generated help message (both `-h` and `--help`). + /// + /// This should only be used when the auto-generated message does not suffice. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This **only** replaces the help message for the current + /// command, meaning if you are using subcommands, those help messages will + /// still be auto-generated unless you specify a [`Command::override_help`] for + /// them as well. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myapp") + /// .override_help("myapp v1.0\n\ + /// Does awesome things\n\ + /// (C) me@mail.com\n\n\ + /// + /// USAGE: myapp <opts> <command>\n\n\ + /// + /// Options:\n\ + /// -h, --help Display this message\n\ + /// -V, --version Display version info\n\ + /// -s <stuff> Do something with stuff\n\ + /// -v Be verbose\n\n\ + /// + /// Commands:\n\ + /// help Print this message\n\ + /// work Do some work") + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn override_help<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, help: S) -> Self { + self.help_str = Some(help.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the help template to be used, overriding the default format. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The template system is by design very simple. Therefore, the + /// tags have to be written in the lowercase and without spacing. + /// + /// Tags are given inside curly brackets. + /// + /// Valid tags are: + /// + /// * `{name}` - Display name for the (sub-)command. + /// * `{bin}` - Binary name. + /// * `{version}` - Version number. + /// * `{author}` - Author information. + /// * `{author-with-newline}` - Author followed by `\n`. + /// * `{author-section}` - Author preceded and followed by `\n`. + /// * `{about}` - General description (from [`Command::about`] or + /// [`Command::long_about`]). + /// * `{about-with-newline}` - About followed by `\n`. + /// * `{about-section}` - About preceded and followed by '\n'. + /// * `{usage-heading}` - Automatically generated usage heading. + /// * `{usage}` - Automatically generated or given usage string. + /// * `{all-args}` - Help for all arguments (options, flags, positional + /// arguments, and subcommands) including titles. + /// * `{options}` - Help for options. + /// * `{positionals}` - Help for positional arguments. + /// * `{subcommands}` - Help for subcommands. + /// * `{after-help}` - Help from [`App::after_help`] or [`Command::after_long_help`]. + /// * `{before-help}` - Help from [`App::before_help`] or [`Command::before_long_help`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .version("1.0") + /// .help_template("{bin} ({version}) - {usage}") + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`App::about`]: Command::about() + /// [`App::long_about`]: Command::long_about() + /// [`App::after_help`]: Command::after_help() + /// [`App::after_long_help`]: Command::after_long_help() + /// [`App::before_help`]: Command::before_help() + /// [`App::before_long_help`]: Command::before_long_help() + #[must_use] + pub fn help_template<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, s: S) -> Self { + self.template = Some(s.into()); + self + } + + /// Apply a setting for the current command or subcommand. + /// + /// See [`Command::global_setting`] to apply a setting to this command and all subcommands. + /// + /// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired) + /// .setting(AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// or + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired | AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn setting<F>(mut self, setting: F) -> Self + where + F: Into<AppFlags>, + { + self.settings.insert(setting.into()); + self + } + + /// Remove a setting for the current command or subcommand. + /// + /// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired) + /// .setting(AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// or + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired | AppSettings::AllowLeadingHyphen) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn unset_setting<F>(mut self, setting: F) -> Self + where + F: Into<AppFlags>, + { + self.settings.remove(setting.into()); + self + } + + /// Apply a setting for the current command and all subcommands. + /// + /// See [`Command::setting`] to apply a setting only to this command. + /// + /// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .global_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers) + /// # ; + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn global_setting(mut self, setting: AppSettings) -> Self { + self.settings.set(setting); + self.g_settings.set(setting); + self + } + + /// Remove a setting and stop propagating down to subcommands. + /// + /// See [`AppSettings`] for a full list of possibilities and examples. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, AppSettings}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [global]: Command::global_setting() + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn unset_global_setting(mut self, setting: AppSettings) -> Self { + self.settings.unset(setting); + self.g_settings.unset(setting); + self + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::next_help_heading`] + #[inline] + #[must_use] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `App::next_help_heading`") + )] + pub fn help_heading<O>(self, heading: O) -> Self + where + O: Into<Option<&'help str>>, + { + self.next_help_heading(heading) + } + + /// Set the default section heading for future args. + /// + /// This will be used for any arg that hasn't had [`Arg::help_heading`] called. + /// + /// This is useful if the default `OPTIONS` or `ARGS` headings are + /// not specific enough for one's use case. + /// + /// For subcommands, see [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`] + /// + /// [`App::arg`]: Command::arg() + /// [`Arg::help_heading`]: crate::Arg::help_heading() + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn next_help_heading<O>(mut self, heading: O) -> Self + where + O: Into<Option<&'help str>>, + { + self.current_help_heading = heading.into(); + self + } + + /// Change the starting value for assigning future display orders for ags. + /// + /// This will be used for any arg that hasn't had [`Arg::display_order`] called. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn next_display_order(mut self, disp_ord: impl Into<Option<usize>>) -> Self { + self.current_disp_ord = disp_ord.into(); + self + } + + /// Replaces an argument or subcommand used on the CLI at runtime with other arguments or subcommands. + /// + /// **Note:** This is gated behind [`unstable-replace`](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/2836) + /// + /// When this method is used, `name` is removed from the CLI, and `target` + /// is inserted in its place. Parsing continues as if the user typed + /// `target` instead of `name`. + /// + /// This can be used to create "shortcuts" for subcommands, or if a + /// particular argument has the semantic meaning of several other specific + /// arguments and values. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// We'll start with the "subcommand short" example. In this example, let's + /// assume we have a program with a subcommand `module` which can be invoked + /// via `cmd module`. Now let's also assume `module` also has a subcommand + /// called `install` which can be invoked `cmd module install`. If for some + /// reason users needed to be able to reach `cmd module install` via the + /// short-hand `cmd install`, we'd have several options. + /// + /// We *could* create another sibling subcommand to `module` called + /// `install`, but then we would need to manage another subcommand and manually + /// dispatch to `cmd module install` handling code. This is error prone and + /// tedious. + /// + /// We could instead use [`Command::replace`] so that, when the user types `cmd + /// install`, `clap` will replace `install` with `module install` which will + /// end up getting parsed as if the user typed the entire incantation. + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// let m = Command::new("cmd") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("module") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("install"))) + /// .replace("install", &["module", "install"]) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "install"]); + /// + /// assert!(m.subcommand_matches("module").is_some()); + /// assert!(m.subcommand_matches("module").unwrap().subcommand_matches("install").is_some()); + /// ``` + /// + /// Now let's show an argument example! + /// + /// Let's assume we have an application with two flags `--save-context` and + /// `--save-runtime`. But often users end up needing to do *both* at the + /// same time. We can add a third flag `--save-all` which semantically means + /// the same thing as `cmd --save-context --save-runtime`. To implement that, + /// we have several options. + /// + /// We could create this third argument and manually check if that argument + /// and in our own consumer code handle the fact that both `--save-context` + /// and `--save-runtime` *should* have been used. But again this is error + /// prone and tedious. If we had code relying on checking `--save-context` + /// and we forgot to update that code to *also* check `--save-all` it'd mean + /// an error! + /// + /// Luckily we can use [`Command::replace`] so that when the user types + /// `--save-all`, `clap` will replace that argument with `--save-context + /// --save-runtime`, and parsing will continue like normal. Now all our code + /// that was originally checking for things like `--save-context` doesn't + /// need to change! + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction}; + /// let m = Command::new("cmd") + /// .arg(Arg::new("save-context") + /// .long("save-context") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)) + /// .arg(Arg::new("save-runtime") + /// .long("save-runtime") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)) + /// .replace("--save-all", &["--save-context", "--save-runtime"]) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--save-all"]); + /// + /// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-context").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-runtime").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// ``` + /// + /// This can also be used with options, for example if our application with + /// `--save-*` above also had a `--format=TYPE` option. Let's say it + /// accepted `txt` or `json` values. However, when `--save-all` is used, + /// only `--format=json` is allowed, or valid. We could change the example + /// above to enforce this: + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction}; + /// let m = Command::new("cmd") + /// .arg(Arg::new("save-context") + /// .long("save-context") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)) + /// .arg(Arg::new("save-runtime") + /// .long("save-runtime") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)) + /// .arg(Arg::new("format") + /// .long("format") + /// .takes_value(true) + /// .value_parser(["txt", "json"])) + /// .replace("--save-all", &["--save-context", "--save-runtime", "--format=json"]) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--save-all"]); + /// + /// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-context").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("save-runtime").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("format"), Some("json")); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`App::replace`]: Command::replace() + #[inline] + #[cfg(feature = "unstable-replace")] + #[must_use] + pub fn replace(mut self, name: &'help str, target: &'help [&'help str]) -> Self { + self.replacers.insert(name, target); + self + } + + /// Exit gracefully if no arguments are present (e.g. `$ myprog`). + /// + /// **NOTE:** [`subcommands`] count as arguments + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .arg_required_else_help(true); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + /// [`Arg::default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value() + #[inline] + pub fn arg_required_else_help(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp) + } + } + + /// Specifies that leading hyphens are allowed in all argument *values* (e.g. `-10`). + /// + /// Otherwise they will be parsed as another flag or option. See also + /// [`Command::allow_negative_numbers`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Use this setting with caution as it silences certain circumstances which would + /// otherwise be an error (such as accidentally forgetting to specify a value for leading + /// option). It is preferred to set this on a per argument basis, via [`Arg::allow_hyphen_values`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Arg, Command}; + /// // Imagine you needed to represent negative numbers as well, such as -10 + /// let m = Command::new("nums") + /// .allow_hyphen_values(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("neg")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "nums", "-20" + /// ]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("neg"), Some("-20")); + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// [`Arg::allow_hyphen_values`]: crate::Arg::allow_hyphen_values() + #[inline] + pub fn allow_hyphen_values(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues) + } + } + + /// Allows negative numbers to pass as values. + /// + /// This is similar to [`Command::allow_hyphen_values`] except that it only allows numbers, + /// all other undefined leading hyphens will fail to parse. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let res = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_negative_numbers(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("num")) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "-20" + /// ]); + /// assert!(res.is_ok()); + /// let m = res.unwrap(); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("num").unwrap(), "-20"); + /// ``` + #[inline] + pub fn allow_negative_numbers(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers) + } + } + + /// Specifies that the final positional argument is a "VarArg" and that `clap` should not + /// attempt to parse any further args. + /// + /// The values of the trailing positional argument will contain all args from itself on. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The final positional argument **must** have [`Arg::multiple_values(true)`] or the usage + /// string equivalent. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, arg}; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .trailing_var_arg(true) + /// .arg(arg!(<cmd> ... "commands to run")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "arg1", "-r", "val1"]); + /// + /// let trail: Vec<&str> = m.values_of("cmd").unwrap().collect(); + /// assert_eq!(trail, ["arg1", "-r", "val1"]); + /// ``` + /// [`Arg::multiple_values(true)`]: crate::Arg::multiple_values() + pub fn trailing_var_arg(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg) + } + } + + /// Allows one to implement two styles of CLIs where positionals can be used out of order. + /// + /// The first example is a CLI where the second to last positional argument is optional, but + /// the final positional argument is required. Such as `$ prog [optional] <required>` where one + /// of the two following usages is allowed: + /// + /// * `$ prog [optional] <required>` + /// * `$ prog <required>` + /// + /// This would otherwise not be allowed. This is useful when `[optional]` has a default value. + /// + /// **Note:** when using this style of "missing positionals" the final positional *must* be + /// [required] if `--` will not be used to skip to the final positional argument. + /// + /// **Note:** This style also only allows a single positional argument to be "skipped" without + /// the use of `--`. To skip more than one, see the second example. + /// + /// The second example is when one wants to skip multiple optional positional arguments, and use + /// of the `--` operator is OK (but not required if all arguments will be specified anyways). + /// + /// For example, imagine a CLI which has three positional arguments `[foo] [bar] [baz]...` where + /// `baz` accepts multiple values (similar to man `ARGS...` style training arguments). + /// + /// With this setting the following invocations are posisble: + /// + /// * `$ prog foo bar baz1 baz2 baz3` + /// * `$ prog foo -- baz1 baz2 baz3` + /// * `$ prog -- baz1 baz2 baz3` + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// Style number one from above: + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_missing_positional(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("arg1")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("arg2") + /// .required(true)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "prog", "other" + /// ]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg1"), None); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg2"), Some("other")); + /// ``` + /// + /// Now the same example, but using a default value for the first optional positional argument + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_missing_positional(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("arg1") + /// .default_value("something")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("arg2") + /// .required(true)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "prog", "other" + /// ]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg1"), Some("something")); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("arg2"), Some("other")); + /// ``` + /// + /// Style number two from above: + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_missing_positional(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("foo")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("bar")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("baz").takes_value(true).multiple_values(true)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "prog", "foo", "bar", "baz1", "baz2", "baz3" + /// ]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("foo"), Some("foo")); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("bar"), Some("bar")); + /// assert_eq!(m.values_of("baz").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), &["baz1", "baz2", "baz3"]); + /// ``` + /// + /// Now nofice if we don't specify `foo` or `baz` but use the `--` operator. + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_missing_positional(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("foo")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("bar")) + /// .arg(Arg::new("baz").takes_value(true).multiple_values(true)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "prog", "--", "baz1", "baz2", "baz3" + /// ]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("foo"), None); + /// assert_eq!(m.value_of("bar"), None); + /// assert_eq!(m.values_of("baz").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), &["baz1", "baz2", "baz3"]); + /// ``` + /// + /// [required]: crate::Arg::required() + #[inline] + pub fn allow_missing_positional(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional) + } + } +} + +/// # Subcommand-specific Settings +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// Sets the short version of the subcommand flag without the preceding `-`. + /// + /// Allows the subcommand to be used as if it were an [`Arg::short`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ``` + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction}; + /// let matches = Command::new("pacman") + /// .subcommand( + /// Command::new("sync").short_flag('S').arg( + /// Arg::new("search") + /// .short('s') + /// .long("search") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue) + /// .help("search remote repositories for matching strings"), + /// ), + /// ) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["pacman", "-Ss"]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(matches.subcommand_name().unwrap(), "sync"); + /// let sync_matches = matches.subcommand_matches("sync").unwrap(); + /// assert!(*sync_matches.get_one::<bool>("search").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// ``` + /// [`Arg::short`]: Arg::short() + #[must_use] + pub fn short_flag(mut self, short: char) -> Self { + self.short_flag = Some(short); + self + } + + /// Sets the long version of the subcommand flag without the preceding `--`. + /// + /// Allows the subcommand to be used as if it were an [`Arg::long`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Any leading `-` characters will be stripped. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// To set `long_flag` use a word containing valid UTF-8 codepoints. If you supply a double leading + /// `--` such as `--sync` they will be stripped. Hyphens in the middle of the word; however, + /// will *not* be stripped (i.e. `sync-file` is allowed). + /// + /// ``` + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction}; + /// let matches = Command::new("pacman") + /// .subcommand( + /// Command::new("sync").long_flag("sync").arg( + /// Arg::new("search") + /// .short('s') + /// .long("search") + /// .action(ArgAction::SetTrue) + /// .help("search remote repositories for matching strings"), + /// ), + /// ) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["pacman", "--sync", "--search"]); + /// + /// assert_eq!(matches.subcommand_name().unwrap(), "sync"); + /// let sync_matches = matches.subcommand_matches("sync").unwrap(); + /// assert!(*sync_matches.get_one::<bool>("search").expect("defaulted by clap")); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`Arg::long`]: Arg::long() + #[must_use] + pub fn long_flag(mut self, long: &'help str) -> Self { + #[cfg(feature = "unstable-v4")] + { + self.long_flag = Some(long); + } + #[cfg(not(feature = "unstable-v4"))] + { + self.long_flag = Some(long.trim_start_matches(|c| c == '-')); + } + self + } + + /// Sets a hidden alias to this subcommand. + /// + /// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the original name, or this given + /// alias. This is more efficient and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one + /// only needs to check for the existence of this command, and not all aliased variants. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Aliases defined with this method are *hidden* from the help + /// message. If you're looking for aliases that will be displayed in the help + /// message, see [`Command::visible_alias`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a + /// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to + /// search for the original name and not all aliases. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test") + /// .alias("do-stuff")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::visible_alias`]: Command::visible_alias() + #[must_use] + pub fn alias<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self { + self.aliases.push((name.into(), false)); + self + } + + /// Add an alias, which functions as "hidden" short flag subcommand + /// + /// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t') + /// .short_flag_alias('d')) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-d"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn short_flag_alias(mut self, name: char) -> Self { + assert!(name != '-', "short alias name cannot be `-`"); + self.short_flag_aliases.push((name, false)); + self + } + + /// Add an alias, which functions as a "hidden" long flag subcommand. + /// + /// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test") + /// .long_flag_alias("testing")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn long_flag_alias(mut self, name: &'help str) -> Self { + self.long_flag_aliases.push((name, false)); + self + } + + /// Sets multiple hidden aliases to this subcommand. + /// + /// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the original name or any of the + /// given aliases. This is more efficient, and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands + /// as one only needs to check for the existence of this command and not all aliased variants. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Aliases defined with this method are *hidden* from the help + /// message. If looking for aliases that will be displayed in the help + /// message, see [`Command::visible_aliases`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a + /// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to + /// search for the original name and not all aliases. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test") + /// .aliases(&["do-stuff", "do-tests", "tests"])) + /// .arg(Arg::new("input") + /// .help("the file to add") + /// .required(false)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-tests"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::visible_aliases`]: Command::visible_aliases() + #[must_use] + pub fn aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self { + self.aliases.extend(names.iter().map(|n| (*n, false))); + self + } + + /// Add aliases, which function as "hidden" short flag subcommands. + /// + /// These will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t') + /// .short_flag_aliases(&['a', 'b', 'c'])) + /// .arg(Arg::new("input") + /// .help("the file to add") + /// .required(false)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-a"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn short_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[char]) -> Self { + for s in names { + assert!(s != &'-', "short alias name cannot be `-`"); + self.short_flag_aliases.push((*s, false)); + } + self + } + + /// Add aliases, which function as "hidden" long flag subcommands. + /// + /// These will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test") + /// .long_flag_aliases(&["testing", "testall", "test_all"])) + /// .arg(Arg::new("input") + /// .help("the file to add") + /// .required(false)) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn long_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self { + for s in names { + self.long_flag_aliases.push((s, false)); + } + self + } + + /// Sets a visible alias to this subcommand. + /// + /// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the + /// original name or the given alias. This is more efficient and easier + /// than creating hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for + /// the existence of this command and not all aliased variants. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The alias defined with this method is *visible* from the help + /// message and displayed as if it were just another regular subcommand. If + /// looking for an alias that will not be displayed in the help message, see + /// [`Command::alias`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** When using aliases and checking for the existence of a + /// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to + /// search for the original name and not all aliases. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test") + /// .visible_alias("do-stuff")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::alias`]: Command::alias() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_alias<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, name: S) -> Self { + self.aliases.push((name.into(), true)); + self + } + + /// Add an alias, which functions as "visible" short flag subcommand + /// + /// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// See also [`Command::short_flag_alias`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('t') + /// .visible_short_flag_alias('d')) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-d"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::short_flag_alias`]: Command::short_flag_alias() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_short_flag_alias(mut self, name: char) -> Self { + assert!(name != '-', "short alias name cannot be `-`"); + self.short_flag_aliases.push((name, true)); + self + } + + /// Add an alias, which functions as a "visible" long flag subcommand. + /// + /// This will automatically dispatch as if this subcommand was used. This is more efficient, + /// and easier than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for the + /// existence of this command, and not all variants. + /// + /// See also [`Command::long_flag_alias`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test") + /// .visible_long_flag_alias("testing")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::long_flag_alias`]: Command::long_flag_alias() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_long_flag_alias(mut self, name: &'help str) -> Self { + self.long_flag_aliases.push((name, true)); + self + } + + /// Sets multiple visible aliases to this subcommand. + /// + /// This allows the subcommand to be accessed via *either* the + /// original name or any of the given aliases. This is more efficient and easier + /// than creating multiple hidden subcommands as one only needs to check for + /// the existence of this command and not all aliased variants. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The alias defined with this method is *visible* from the help + /// message and displayed as if it were just another regular subcommand. If + /// looking for an alias that will not be displayed in the help message, see + /// [`Command::alias`]. + /// + /// **NOTE:** When using aliases, and checking for the existence of a + /// particular subcommand within an [`ArgMatches`] struct, one only needs to + /// search for the original name and not all aliases. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test") + /// .visible_aliases(&["do-stuff", "tests"])) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "do-stuff"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::alias`]: Command::alias() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self { + self.aliases.extend(names.iter().map(|n| (*n, true))); + self + } + + /// Add aliases, which function as *visible* short flag subcommands. + /// + /// See [`Command::short_flag_aliases`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").short_flag('b') + /// .visible_short_flag_aliases(&['t'])) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-t"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::short_flag_aliases`]: Command::short_flag_aliases() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_short_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[char]) -> Self { + for s in names { + assert!(s != &'-', "short alias name cannot be `-`"); + self.short_flag_aliases.push((*s, true)); + } + self + } + + /// Add aliases, which function as *visible* long flag subcommands. + /// + /// See [`Command::long_flag_aliases`]. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, }; + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test").long_flag("test") + /// .visible_long_flag_aliases(&["testing", "testall", "test_all"])) + /// .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "--testing"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("test")); + /// ``` + /// [`App::long_flag_aliases`]: Command::long_flag_aliases() + #[must_use] + pub fn visible_long_flag_aliases(mut self, names: &[&'help str]) -> Self { + for s in names { + self.long_flag_aliases.push((s, true)); + } + self + } + + /// Set the placement of this subcommand within the help. + /// + /// Subcommands with a lower value will be displayed first in the help message. Subcommands + /// with duplicate display orders will be displayed in alphabetical order. + /// + /// This is helpful when one would like to emphasize frequently used subcommands, or prioritize + /// those towards the top of the list. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The default is 999 for all subcommands. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, }; + /// let m = Command::new("cust-ord") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("alpha") // typically subcommands are grouped + /// // alphabetically by name. Subcommands + /// // without a display_order have a value of + /// // 999 and are displayed alphabetically with + /// // all other 999 subcommands + /// .about("Some help and text")) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("beta") + /// .display_order(1) // In order to force this subcommand to appear *first* + /// // all we have to do is give it a value lower than 999. + /// // Any other subcommands with a value of 1 will be displayed + /// // alphabetically with this one...then 2 values, then 3, etc. + /// .about("I should be first!")) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "cust-ord", "--help" + /// ]); + /// ``` + /// + /// The above example displays the following help message + /// + /// ```text + /// cust-ord + /// + /// USAGE: + /// cust-ord [OPTIONS] + /// + /// OPTIONS: + /// -h, --help Print help information + /// -V, --version Print version information + /// + /// SUBCOMMANDS: + /// beta I should be first! + /// alpha Some help and text + /// ``` + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub fn display_order(mut self, ord: usize) -> Self { + self.disp_ord = Some(ord); + self + } + + /// Specifies that this [`subcommand`] should be hidden from help messages + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand( + /// Command::new("test").hide(true) + /// ) + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + #[inline] + pub fn hide(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::Hidden) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::Hidden) + } + } + + /// If no [`subcommand`] is present at runtime, error and exit gracefully. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let err = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand_required(true) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", + /// ]); + /// assert!(err.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(err.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::MissingSubcommand); + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + pub fn subcommand_required(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired) + } + } + + /// Assume unexpected positional arguments are a [`subcommand`]. + /// + /// Arguments will be stored in the `""` argument in the [`ArgMatches`] + /// + /// **NOTE:** Use this setting with caution, + /// as a truly unexpected argument (i.e. one that is *NOT* an external subcommand) + /// will **not** cause an error and instead be treated as a potential subcommand. + /// One should check for such cases manually and inform the user appropriately. + /// + /// **NOTE:** A built-in subcommand will be parsed as an external subcommand when escaped with + /// `--`. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_external_subcommands(true) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "subcmd", "--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag" + /// ]); + /// + /// // All trailing arguments will be stored under the subcommand's sub-matches using an empty + /// // string argument name + /// match m.subcommand() { + /// Some((external, ext_m)) => { + /// let ext_args: Vec<&str> = ext_m.values_of("").unwrap().collect(); + /// assert_eq!(external, "subcmd"); + /// assert_eq!(ext_args, ["--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"]); + /// }, + /// _ => {}, + /// } + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommand`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + /// [`ArgMatches`]: crate::ArgMatches + /// [`ErrorKind::UnknownArgument`]: crate::ErrorKind::UnknownArgument + pub fn allow_external_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands) + } + } + + /// Specifies that external subcommands that are invalid UTF-8 should *not* be treated as an error. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Using external subcommand argument values with invalid UTF-8 requires using + /// [`ArgMatches::values_of_os`] or [`ArgMatches::values_of_lossy`] for those particular + /// arguments which may contain invalid UTF-8 values + /// + /// **NOTE:** Setting this requires [`Command::allow_external_subcommands`] + /// + /// # Platform Specific + /// + /// Non Windows systems only + /// + /// # Examples + /// + #[cfg_attr(not(unix), doc = " ```ignore")] + #[cfg_attr(unix, doc = " ```")] + /// # use clap::Command; + /// // Assume there is an external subcommand named "subcmd" + /// let m = Command::new("myprog") + /// .allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(true) + /// .allow_external_subcommands(true) + /// .get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "subcmd", "--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag" + /// ]); + /// + /// // All trailing arguments will be stored under the subcommand's sub-matches using an empty + /// // string argument name + /// match m.subcommand() { + /// Some((external, ext_m)) => { + /// let ext_args: Vec<&std::ffi::OsStr> = ext_m.values_of_os("").unwrap().collect(); + /// assert_eq!(external, "subcmd"); + /// assert_eq!(ext_args, ["--option", "value", "-fff", "--flag"]); + /// }, + /// _ => {}, + /// } + /// ``` + /// + /// [`ArgMatches::values_of_os`]: crate::ArgMatches::values_of_os() + /// [`ArgMatches::values_of_lossy`]: crate::ArgMatches::values_of_lossy() + /// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + pub fn allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands) + } + } + + /// Specifies that use of an argument prevents the use of [`subcommands`]. + /// + /// By default `clap` allows arguments between subcommands such + /// as `<cmd> [cmd_args] <subcmd> [subcmd_args] <subsubcmd> [subsubcmd_args]`. + /// + /// This setting disables that functionality and says that arguments can + /// only follow the *final* subcommand. For instance using this setting + /// makes only the following invocations possible: + /// + /// * `<cmd> <subcmd> <subsubcmd> [subsubcmd_args]` + /// * `<cmd> <subcmd> [subcmd_args]` + /// * `<cmd> [cmd_args]` + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .args_conflicts_with_subcommands(true); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + pub fn args_conflicts_with_subcommands(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands) + } + } + + /// Prevent subcommands from being consumed as an arguments value. + /// + /// By default, if an option taking multiple values is followed by a subcommand, the + /// subcommand will be parsed as another value. + /// + /// ```text + /// cmd --foo val1 val2 subcommand + /// --------- ---------- + /// values another value + /// ``` + /// + /// This setting instructs the parser to stop when encountering a subcommand instead of + /// greedily consuming arguments. + /// + /// ```text + /// cmd --foo val1 val2 subcommand + /// --------- ---------- + /// values subcommand + /// ``` + /// + /// **Note:** Make sure you apply it as `global_setting` if you want this setting + /// to be propagated to subcommands and sub-subcommands! + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// let cmd = Command::new("cmd").subcommand(Command::new("sub")).arg( + /// Arg::new("arg") + /// .long("arg") + /// .multiple_values(true) + /// .takes_value(true), + /// ); + /// + /// let matches = cmd + /// .clone() + /// .try_get_matches_from(&["cmd", "--arg", "1", "2", "3", "sub"]) + /// .unwrap(); + /// assert_eq!( + /// matches.values_of("arg").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), + /// &["1", "2", "3", "sub"] + /// ); + /// assert!(matches.subcommand_matches("sub").is_none()); + /// + /// let matches = cmd + /// .subcommand_precedence_over_arg(true) + /// .try_get_matches_from(&["cmd", "--arg", "1", "2", "3", "sub"]) + /// .unwrap(); + /// assert_eq!( + /// matches.values_of("arg").unwrap().collect::<Vec<_>>(), + /// &["1", "2", "3"] + /// ); + /// assert!(matches.subcommand_matches("sub").is_some()); + /// ``` + pub fn subcommand_precedence_over_arg(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg) + } + } + + /// Allows [`subcommands`] to override all requirements of the parent command. + /// + /// For example, if you had a subcommand or top level application with a required argument + /// that is only required as long as there is no subcommand present, + /// using this setting would allow you to set those arguments to [`Arg::required(true)`] + /// and yet receive no error so long as the user uses a valid subcommand instead. + /// + /// **NOTE:** This defaults to false (using subcommand does *not* negate requirements) + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// This first example shows that it is an error to not use a required argument + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ErrorKind}; + /// let err = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand_negates_reqs(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("opt").required(true)) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog" + /// ]); + /// assert!(err.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(err.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::MissingRequiredArgument); + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// This next example shows that it is no longer error to not use a required argument if a + /// valid subcommand is used. + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ErrorKind}; + /// let noerr = Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand_negates_reqs(true) + /// .arg(Arg::new("opt").required(true)) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("test")) + /// .try_get_matches_from(vec![ + /// "myprog", "test" + /// ]); + /// assert!(noerr.is_ok()); + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// [`Arg::required(true)`]: crate::Arg::required() + /// [`subcommands`]: crate::Command::subcommand() + pub fn subcommand_negates_reqs(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs) + } + } + + /// Multiple-personality program dispatched on the binary name (`argv[0]`) + /// + /// A "multicall" executable is a single executable + /// that contains a variety of applets, + /// and decides which applet to run based on the name of the file. + /// The executable can be called from different names by creating hard links + /// or symbolic links to it. + /// + /// This is desirable for: + /// - Easy distribution, a single binary that can install hardlinks to access the different + /// personalities. + /// - Minimal binary size by sharing common code (e.g. standard library, clap) + /// - Custom shells or REPLs where there isn't a single top-level command + /// + /// Setting `multicall` will cause + /// - `argv[0]` to be stripped to the base name and parsed as the first argument, as if + /// [`Command::no_binary_name`][App::no_binary_name] was set. + /// - Help and errors to report subcommands as if they were the top-level command + /// + /// When the subcommand is not present, there are several strategies you may employ, depending + /// on your needs: + /// - Let the error percolate up normally + /// - Print a specialized error message using the + /// [`Error::context`][crate::Error::context] + /// - Print the [help][App::write_help] but this might be ambiguous + /// - Disable `multicall` and re-parse it + /// - Disable `multicall` and re-parse it with a specific subcommand + /// + /// When detecting the error condition, the [`ErrorKind`] isn't sufficient as a sub-subcommand + /// might report the same error. Enable + /// [`allow_external_subcommands`][App::allow_external_subcommands] if you want to specifically + /// get the unrecognized binary name. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Multicall can't be used with [`no_binary_name`] since they interpret + /// the command name in incompatible ways. + /// + /// **NOTE:** The multicall command cannot have arguments. + /// + /// **NOTE:** Applets are slightly semantically different from subcommands, + /// so it's recommended to use [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`] and + /// [`Command::subcommand_value_name`] to change the descriptive text as above. + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// `hostname` is an example of a multicall executable. + /// Both `hostname` and `dnsdomainname` are provided by the same executable + /// and which behaviour to use is based on the executable file name. + /// + /// This is desirable when the executable has a primary purpose + /// but there is related functionality that would be convenient to provide + /// and implement it to be in the same executable. + /// + /// The name of the cmd is essentially unused + /// and may be the same as the name of a subcommand. + /// + /// The names of the immediate subcommands of the Command + /// are matched against the basename of the first argument, + /// which is conventionally the path of the executable. + /// + /// This does not allow the subcommand to be passed as the first non-path argument. + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::{Command, ErrorKind}; + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("hostname") + /// .multicall(true) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("hostname")) + /// .subcommand(Command::new("dnsdomainname")); + /// let m = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(&["/usr/bin/hostname", "dnsdomainname"]); + /// assert!(m.is_err()); + /// assert_eq!(m.unwrap_err().kind(), ErrorKind::UnknownArgument); + /// let m = cmd.get_matches_from(&["/usr/bin/dnsdomainname"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("dnsdomainname")); + /// ``` + /// + /// Busybox is another common example of a multicall executable + /// with a subcommmand for each applet that can be run directly, + /// e.g. with the `cat` applet being run by running `busybox cat`, + /// or with `cat` as a link to the `busybox` binary. + /// + /// This is desirable when the launcher program has additional options + /// or it is useful to run the applet without installing a symlink + /// e.g. to test the applet without installing it + /// or there may already be a command of that name installed. + /// + /// To make an applet usable as both a multicall link and a subcommand + /// the subcommands must be defined both in the top-level Command + /// and as subcommands of the "main" applet. + /// + /// ```rust + /// # use clap::Command; + /// fn applet_commands() -> [Command<'static>; 2] { + /// [Command::new("true"), Command::new("false")] + /// } + /// let mut cmd = Command::new("busybox") + /// .multicall(true) + /// .subcommand( + /// Command::new("busybox") + /// .subcommand_value_name("APPLET") + /// .subcommand_help_heading("APPLETS") + /// .subcommands(applet_commands()), + /// ) + /// .subcommands(applet_commands()); + /// // When called from the executable's canonical name + /// // its applets can be matched as subcommands. + /// let m = cmd.try_get_matches_from_mut(&["/usr/bin/busybox", "true"]).unwrap(); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("busybox")); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand().unwrap().1.subcommand_name(), Some("true")); + /// // When called from a link named after an applet that applet is matched. + /// let m = cmd.get_matches_from(&["/usr/bin/true"]); + /// assert_eq!(m.subcommand_name(), Some("true")); + /// ``` + /// + /// [`no_binary_name`]: crate::Command::no_binary_name + /// [`App::subcommand_value_name`]: crate::Command::subcommand_value_name + /// [`App::subcommand_help_heading`]: crate::Command::subcommand_help_heading + #[inline] + pub fn multicall(self, yes: bool) -> Self { + if yes { + self.setting(AppSettings::Multicall) + } else { + self.unset_setting(AppSettings::Multicall) + } + } + + /// Sets the value name used for subcommands when printing usage and help. + /// + /// By default, this is "SUBCOMMAND". + /// + /// See also [`Command::subcommand_help_heading`] + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1")) + /// .print_help() + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// will produce + /// + /// ```text + /// myprog + /// + /// USAGE: + /// myprog [SUBCOMMAND] + /// + /// OPTIONS: + /// -h, --help Print help information + /// -V, --version Print version information + /// + /// SUBCOMMANDS: + /// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) + /// sub1 + /// ``` + /// + /// but usage of `subcommand_value_name` + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1")) + /// .subcommand_value_name("THING") + /// .print_help() + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// will produce + /// + /// ```text + /// myprog + /// + /// USAGE: + /// myprog [THING] + /// + /// OPTIONS: + /// -h, --help Print help information + /// -V, --version Print version information + /// + /// SUBCOMMANDS: + /// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) + /// sub1 + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn subcommand_value_name<S>(mut self, value_name: S) -> Self + where + S: Into<&'help str>, + { + self.subcommand_value_name = Some(value_name.into()); + self + } + + /// Sets the help heading used for subcommands when printing usage and help. + /// + /// By default, this is "SUBCOMMANDS". + /// + /// See also [`Command::subcommand_value_name`] + /// + /// # Examples + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1")) + /// .print_help() + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// will produce + /// + /// ```text + /// myprog + /// + /// USAGE: + /// myprog [SUBCOMMAND] + /// + /// OPTIONS: + /// -h, --help Print help information + /// -V, --version Print version information + /// + /// SUBCOMMANDS: + /// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) + /// sub1 + /// ``` + /// + /// but usage of `subcommand_help_heading` + /// + /// ```no_run + /// # use clap::{Command, Arg}; + /// Command::new("myprog") + /// .subcommand(Command::new("sub1")) + /// .subcommand_help_heading("THINGS") + /// .print_help() + /// # ; + /// ``` + /// + /// will produce + /// + /// ```text + /// myprog + /// + /// USAGE: + /// myprog [SUBCOMMAND] + /// + /// OPTIONS: + /// -h, --help Print help information + /// -V, --version Print version information + /// + /// THINGS: + /// help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) + /// sub1 + /// ``` + #[must_use] + pub fn subcommand_help_heading<T>(mut self, heading: T) -> Self + where + T: Into<&'help str>, + { + self.subcommand_heading = Some(heading.into()); + self + } +} + +/// # Reflection +impl<'help> App<'help> { + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn get_usage_name(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.usage_name.as_deref() + } + + /// Get the name of the binary. + #[inline] + pub fn get_display_name(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.display_name.as_deref() + } + + /// Get the name of the binary. + #[inline] + pub fn get_bin_name(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.bin_name.as_deref() + } + + /// Set binary name. Uses `&mut self` instead of `self`. + pub fn set_bin_name<S: Into<String>>(&mut self, name: S) { + self.bin_name = Some(name.into()); + } + + /// Get the name of the cmd. + #[inline] + pub fn get_name(&self) -> &str { + &self.name + } + + /// Get the version of the cmd. + #[inline] + pub fn get_version(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.version + } + + /// Get the long version of the cmd. + #[inline] + pub fn get_long_version(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.long_version + } + + /// Get the authors of the cmd. + #[inline] + pub fn get_author(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.author + } + + /// Get the short flag of the subcommand. + #[inline] + pub fn get_short_flag(&self) -> Option<char> { + self.short_flag + } + + /// Get the long flag of the subcommand. + #[inline] + pub fn get_long_flag(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.long_flag + } + + /// Get the help message specified via [`Command::about`]. + /// + /// [`App::about`]: Command::about() + #[inline] + pub fn get_about(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.about + } + + /// Get the help message specified via [`Command::long_about`]. + /// + /// [`App::long_about`]: Command::long_about() + #[inline] + pub fn get_long_about(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.long_about + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::get_next_help_heading`] + #[inline] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.0", note = "Replaced with `App::get_next_help_heading`") + )] + pub fn get_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.get_next_help_heading() + } + + /// Get the custom section heading specified via [`Command::help_heading`]. + /// + /// [`App::help_heading`]: Command::help_heading() + #[inline] + pub fn get_next_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&'help str> { + self.current_help_heading + } + + /// Iterate through the *visible* aliases for this subcommand. + #[inline] + pub fn get_visible_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ { + self.aliases.iter().filter(|(_, vis)| *vis).map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Iterate through the *visible* short aliases for this subcommand. + #[inline] + pub fn get_visible_short_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = char> + '_ { + self.short_flag_aliases + .iter() + .filter(|(_, vis)| *vis) + .map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Iterate through the *visible* long aliases for this subcommand. + #[inline] + pub fn get_visible_long_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ { + self.long_flag_aliases + .iter() + .filter(|(_, vis)| *vis) + .map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Iterate through the set of *all* the aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden. + #[inline] + pub fn get_all_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + '_ { + self.aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Iterate through the set of *all* the short aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden. + #[inline] + pub fn get_all_short_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = char> + '_ { + self.short_flag_aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Iterate through the set of *all* the long aliases for this subcommand, both visible and hidden. + #[inline] + pub fn get_all_long_flag_aliases(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'help str> + '_ { + self.long_flag_aliases.iter().map(|a| a.0) + } + + /// Check if the given [`AppSettings`] variant is currently set on the `Command`. + /// + /// This checks both [local] and [global settings]. + /// + /// [local]: Command::setting() + /// [global settings]: Command::global_setting() + #[inline] + pub fn is_set(&self, s: AppSettings) -> bool { + self.settings.is_set(s) || self.g_settings.is_set(s) + } + + /// Should we color the output? + #[inline(never)] + pub fn get_color(&self) -> ColorChoice { + debug!("Command::color: Color setting..."); + + if cfg!(feature = "color") { + #[allow(deprecated)] + if self.is_set(AppSettings::ColorNever) { + debug!("Never"); + ColorChoice::Never + } else if self.is_set(AppSettings::ColorAlways) { + debug!("Always"); + ColorChoice::Always + } else { + debug!("Auto"); + ColorChoice::Auto + } + } else { + ColorChoice::Never + } + } + + /// Iterate through the set of subcommands, getting a reference to each. + #[inline] + pub fn get_subcommands(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &App<'help>> { + self.subcommands.iter() + } + + /// Iterate through the set of subcommands, getting a mutable reference to each. + #[inline] + pub fn get_subcommands_mut(&mut self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &mut App<'help>> { + self.subcommands.iter_mut() + } + + /// Returns `true` if this `Command` has subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn has_subcommands(&self) -> bool { + !self.subcommands.is_empty() + } + + /// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn get_subcommand_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.subcommand_heading + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`App::get_subcommand_help_heading`] + #[inline] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated( + since = "3.1.0", + note = "Replaced with `App::get_subcommand_help_heading`" + ) + )] + pub fn get_subommand_help_heading(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.get_subcommand_help_heading() + } + + /// Returns the subcommand value name. + #[inline] + pub fn get_subcommand_value_name(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.subcommand_value_name + } + + /// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn get_before_help(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.before_help + } + + /// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn get_before_long_help(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.before_long_help + } + + /// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn get_after_help(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.after_help + } + + /// Returns the help heading for listing subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn get_after_long_help(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.after_long_help + } + + /// Find subcommand such that its name or one of aliases equals `name`. + /// + /// This does not recurse through subcommands of subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn find_subcommand<T>(&self, name: &T) -> Option<&App<'help>> + where + T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized, + { + self.get_subcommands().find(|s| s.aliases_to(name)) + } + + /// Find subcommand such that its name or one of aliases equals `name`, returning + /// a mutable reference to the subcommand. + /// + /// This does not recurse through subcommands of subcommands. + #[inline] + pub fn find_subcommand_mut<T>(&mut self, name: &T) -> Option<&mut App<'help>> + where + T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized, + { + self.get_subcommands_mut().find(|s| s.aliases_to(name)) + } + + /// Iterate through the set of groups. + #[inline] + pub fn get_groups(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ArgGroup<'help>> { + self.groups.iter() + } + + /// Iterate through the set of arguments. + #[inline] + pub fn get_arguments(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.args.args() + } + + /// Iterate through the *positionals* arguments. + #[inline] + pub fn get_positionals(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.get_arguments().filter(|a| a.is_positional()) + } + + /// Iterate through the *options*. + pub fn get_opts(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.get_arguments() + .filter(|a| a.is_takes_value_set() && !a.is_positional()) + } + + /// Get a list of all arguments the given argument conflicts with. + /// + /// If the provided argument is declared as global, the conflicts will be determined + /// based on the propagation rules of global arguments. + /// + /// ### Panics + /// + /// If the given arg contains a conflict with an argument that is unknown to + /// this `Command`. + pub fn get_arg_conflicts_with(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&Arg<'help>> // FIXME: This could probably have been an iterator + { + if arg.is_global_set() { + self.get_global_arg_conflicts_with(arg) + } else { + let mut result = Vec::new(); + for id in arg.blacklist.iter() { + if let Some(arg) = self.find(id) { + result.push(arg); + } else if let Some(group) = self.find_group(id) { + result.extend( + self.unroll_args_in_group(&group.id) + .iter() + .map(|id| self.find(id).expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG)), + ); + } else { + panic!("Command::get_arg_conflicts_with: The passed arg conflicts with an arg unknown to the cmd"); + } + } + result + } + } + + // Get a unique list of all arguments of all commands and continuous subcommands the given argument conflicts with. + // + // This behavior follows the propagation rules of global arguments. + // It is useful for finding conflicts for arguments declared as global. + // + // ### Panics + // + // If the given arg contains a conflict with an argument that is unknown to + // this `App`. + fn get_global_arg_conflicts_with(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&Arg<'help>> // FIXME: This could probably have been an iterator + { + arg.blacklist + .iter() + .map(|id| { + self.args + .args() + .chain( + self.get_subcommands_containing(arg) + .iter() + .flat_map(|x| x.args.args()), + ) + .find(|arg| arg.id == *id) + .expect( + "Command::get_arg_conflicts_with: \ + The passed arg conflicts with an arg unknown to the cmd", + ) + }) + .collect() + } + + // Get a list of subcommands which contain the provided Argument + // + // This command will only include subcommands in its list for which the subcommands + // parent also contains the Argument. + // + // This search follows the propagation rules of global arguments. + // It is useful to finding subcommands, that have inherited a global argument. + // + // **NOTE:** In this case only Sucommand_1 will be included + // Subcommand_1 (contains Arg) + // Subcommand_1.1 (doesn't contain Arg) + // Subcommand_1.1.1 (contains Arg) + // + fn get_subcommands_containing(&self, arg: &Arg) -> Vec<&App<'help>> { + let mut vec = std::vec::Vec::new(); + for idx in 0..self.subcommands.len() { + if self.subcommands[idx].args.args().any(|ar| ar.id == arg.id) { + vec.push(&self.subcommands[idx]); + vec.append(&mut self.subcommands[idx].get_subcommands_containing(arg)); + } + } + vec + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::no_binary_name`] is set + pub fn is_no_binary_name_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::NoBinaryName) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::ignore_errors`] is set + pub(crate) fn is_ignore_errors_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::dont_delimit_trailing_values`] is set + pub fn is_dont_delimit_trailing_values_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DontDelimitTrailingValues) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::disable_version_flag`] is set + pub fn is_disable_version_flag_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::propagate_version`] is set + pub fn is_propagate_version_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::PropagateVersion) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::next_line_help`] is set + pub fn is_next_line_help_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::NextLineHelp) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::disable_help_flag`] is set + pub fn is_disable_help_flag_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::disable_help_subcommand`] is set + pub fn is_disable_help_subcommand_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::disable_colored_help`] is set + pub fn is_disable_colored_help_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableColoredHelp) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::help_expected`] is set + #[cfg(debug_assertions)] + pub(crate) fn is_help_expected_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::HelpExpected) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::dont_collapse_args_in_usage`] is set + pub fn is_dont_collapse_args_in_usage_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::infer_long_args`] is set + pub(crate) fn is_infer_long_args_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::InferLongArgs) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::infer_subcommands`] is set + pub(crate) fn is_infer_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::InferSubcommands) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::arg_required_else_help`] is set + pub fn is_arg_required_else_help_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::ArgRequiredElseHelp) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::allow_hyphen_values`] is set + pub(crate) fn is_allow_hyphen_values_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowHyphenValues) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::allow_negative_numbers`] is set + pub fn is_allow_negative_numbers_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowNegativeNumbers) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::trailing_var_arg`] is set + pub fn is_trailing_var_arg_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::TrailingVarArg) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::allow_missing_positional`] is set + pub fn is_allow_missing_positional_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowMissingPositional) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::hide`] is set + pub fn is_hide_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::Hidden) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_required`] is set + pub fn is_subcommand_required_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::allow_external_subcommands`] is set + pub fn is_allow_external_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowExternalSubcommands) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands`] is set + pub fn is_allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::AllowInvalidUtf8ForExternalSubcommands) + } + + /// Configured parser for values passed to an external subcommand + /// + /// # Example + /// + /// ```rust + /// let cmd = clap::Command::new("raw") + /// .allow_external_subcommands(true) + /// .allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands(true); + /// let value_parser = cmd.get_external_subcommand_value_parser(); + /// println!("{:?}", value_parser); + /// ``` + pub fn get_external_subcommand_value_parser(&self) -> Option<&super::ValueParser> { + if !self.is_allow_external_subcommands_set() { + None + } else if self.is_allow_invalid_utf8_for_external_subcommands_set() { + static DEFAULT: super::ValueParser = super::ValueParser::os_string(); + Some(&DEFAULT) + } else { + static DEFAULT: super::ValueParser = super::ValueParser::string(); + Some(&DEFAULT) + } + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::args_conflicts_with_subcommands`] is set + pub fn is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::ArgsNegateSubcommands) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_precedence_over_arg`] is set + pub fn is_subcommand_precedence_over_arg_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandPrecedenceOverArg) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::subcommand_negates_reqs`] is set + pub fn is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::SubcommandsNegateReqs) + } + + /// Report whether [`Command::multicall`] is set + pub fn is_multicall_set(&self) -> bool { + self.is_set(AppSettings::Multicall) + } +} + +/// Deprecated +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// Deprecated in [Issue #3087](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3087), maybe [`clap::Parser`][crate::Parser] would fit your use case? + #[cfg(feature = "yaml")] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated( + since = "3.0.0", + note = "Deprecated in Issue #3087, maybe clap::Parser would fit your use case?" + ) + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn from_yaml(y: &'help Yaml) -> Self { + #![allow(deprecated)] + let yaml_file_hash = y.as_hash().expect("YAML file must be a hash"); + // We WANT this to panic on error...so expect() is good. + let (mut a, yaml, err) = if let Some(name) = y["name"].as_str() { + (App::new(name), yaml_file_hash, "cmd".into()) + } else { + let (name_yaml, value_yaml) = yaml_file_hash + .iter() + .next() + .expect("There must be one subcommand in the YAML file"); + let name_str = name_yaml + .as_str() + .expect("Subcommand name must be a string"); + + ( + App::new(name_str), + value_yaml.as_hash().expect("Subcommand must be a hash"), + format!("subcommand '{}'", name_str), + ) + }; + + for (k, v) in yaml { + a = match k.as_str().expect("App fields must be strings") { + "version" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, version), + "long_version" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, long_version), + "author" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, author), + "bin_name" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, bin_name), + "about" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, about), + "long_about" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, long_about), + "before_help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, before_help), + "after_help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, after_help), + "template" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, help_template), + "usage" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, override_usage), + "help" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, override_help), + "help_message" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, help_message), + "version_message" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, version_message), + "alias" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, alias), + "aliases" => yaml_vec_or_str!(a, v, alias), + "visible_alias" => yaml_to_str!(a, v, visible_alias), + "visible_aliases" => yaml_vec_or_str!(a, v, visible_alias), + "display_order" => yaml_to_usize!(a, v, display_order), + "args" => { + if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() { + for arg_yaml in vec { + a = a.arg(Arg::from_yaml(arg_yaml)); + } + } else { + panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v); + } + a + } + "subcommands" => { + if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() { + for sc_yaml in vec { + a = a.subcommand(App::from_yaml(sc_yaml)); + } + } else { + panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v); + } + a + } + "groups" => { + if let Some(vec) = v.as_vec() { + for ag_yaml in vec { + a = a.group(ArgGroup::from(ag_yaml)); + } + } else { + panic!("Failed to convert YAML value {:?} to a vec", v); + } + a + } + "setting" | "settings" => { + yaml_to_setting!(a, v, setting, AppSettings, "AppSetting", err) + } + "global_setting" | "global_settings" => { + yaml_to_setting!(a, v, global_setting, AppSettings, "AppSetting", err) + } + _ => a, + } + } + + a + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::override_usage`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::override_usage`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn usage<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, usage: S) -> Self { + self.override_usage(usage) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::override_help`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::override_help`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn help<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, help: S) -> Self { + self.override_help(help) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn help_short(self, c: char) -> Self { + self.mut_arg("help", |a| a.short(c)) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn version_short(self, c: char) -> Self { + self.mut_arg("version", |a| a.short(c)) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn help_message(self, s: impl Into<&'help str>) -> Self { + self.mut_arg("help", |a| a.help(s.into())) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::mut_arg`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::mut_arg`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn version_message(self, s: impl Into<&'help str>) -> Self { + self.mut_arg("version", |a| a.help(s.into())) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::help_template`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::help_template`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn template<S: Into<&'help str>>(self, s: S) -> Self { + self.help_template(s) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::setting(a| b)`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::setting(a | b)`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self { + for s in settings { + self.settings.insert((*s).into()); + } + self + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::unset_setting(a| b)`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::unset_setting(a | b)`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn unset_settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self { + for s in settings { + self.settings.remove((*s).into()); + } + self + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::global_setting(a| b)`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::global_setting(a | b)`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn global_settings(mut self, settings: &[AppSettings]) -> Self { + for s in settings { + self.settings.insert((*s).into()); + self.g_settings.insert((*s).into()); + } + self + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::term_width`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::term_width`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn set_term_width(self, width: usize) -> Self { + self.term_width(width) + } + + /// Deprecated in [Issue #3086](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3086), see [`arg!`][crate::arg!]. + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Deprecated in Issue #3086, see `clap::arg!") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn arg_from_usage(self, usage: &'help str) -> Self { + #![allow(deprecated)] + self.arg(Arg::from_usage(usage)) + } + + /// Deprecated in [Issue #3086](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/issues/3086), see [`arg!`][crate::arg!]. + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Deprecated in Issue #3086, see `clap::arg!") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + #[must_use] + pub fn args_from_usage(mut self, usage: &'help str) -> Self { + #![allow(deprecated)] + for line in usage.lines() { + let l = line.trim(); + if l.is_empty() { + continue; + } + self = self.arg(Arg::from_usage(l)); + } + self + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::render_version`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::render_version`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn write_version<W: io::Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> ClapResult<()> { + write!(w, "{}", self.render_version()).map_err(From::from) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::render_long_version`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::render_long_version`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn write_long_version<W: io::Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> ClapResult<()> { + write!(w, "{}", self.render_long_version()).map_err(From::from) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn get_matches_safe(self) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> { + self.try_get_matches() + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches_from`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.0.0", note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches_from`") + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn get_matches_from_safe<I, T>(self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<OsString> + Clone, + { + self.try_get_matches_from(itr) + } + + /// Deprecated, replaced with [`Command::try_get_matches_from_mut`] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated( + since = "3.0.0", + note = "Replaced with `App::try_get_matches_from_mut`" + ) + )] + #[doc(hidden)] + pub fn get_matches_from_safe_borrow<I, T>(&mut self, itr: I) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> + where + I: IntoIterator<Item = T>, + T: Into<OsString> + Clone, + { + self.try_get_matches_from_mut(itr) + } +} + +// Internally used only +impl<'help> App<'help> { + pub(crate) fn get_id(&self) -> Id { + self.id.clone() + } + + pub(crate) fn get_override_usage(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.usage_str + } + + pub(crate) fn get_override_help(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.help_str + } + + pub(crate) fn get_help_template(&self) -> Option<&str> { + self.template + } + + pub(crate) fn get_term_width(&self) -> Option<usize> { + self.term_w + } + + pub(crate) fn get_max_term_width(&self) -> Option<usize> { + self.max_w + } + + pub(crate) fn get_replacement(&self, key: &str) -> Option<&[&str]> { + self.replacers.get(key).copied() + } + + pub(crate) fn get_keymap(&self) -> &MKeyMap<'help> { + &self.args + } + + fn get_used_global_args(&self, matches: &ArgMatches, global_arg_vec: &mut Vec<Id>) { + global_arg_vec.extend( + self.args + .args() + .filter(|a| a.is_global_set()) + .map(|ga| ga.id.clone()), + ); + if let Some((id, matches)) = matches.subcommand() { + if let Some(used_sub) = self.find_subcommand(id) { + used_sub.get_used_global_args(matches, global_arg_vec); + } + } + } + + fn _do_parse( + &mut self, + raw_args: &mut clap_lex::RawArgs, + args_cursor: clap_lex::ArgCursor, + ) -> ClapResult<ArgMatches> { + debug!("Command::_do_parse"); + + // If there are global arguments, or settings we need to propagate them down to subcommands + // before parsing in case we run into a subcommand + self._build_self(); + + let mut matcher = ArgMatcher::new(self); + + // do the real parsing + let mut parser = Parser::new(self); + if let Err(error) = parser.get_matches_with(&mut matcher, raw_args, args_cursor) { + if self.is_set(AppSettings::IgnoreErrors) { + debug!("Command::_do_parse: ignoring error: {}", error); + } else { + return Err(error); + } + } + + let mut global_arg_vec = Default::default(); + self.get_used_global_args(&matcher, &mut global_arg_vec); + + matcher.propagate_globals(&global_arg_vec); + + Ok(matcher.into_inner()) + } + + #[doc(hidden)] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.10", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`") + )] + pub fn _build_all(&mut self) { + self.build(); + } + + #[doc(hidden)] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.10", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`") + )] + pub fn _build(&mut self) { + self._build_self() + } + + #[doc(hidden)] + #[cfg_attr( + feature = "deprecated", + deprecated(since = "3.1.13", note = "Replaced with `Command::build`") + )] + pub fn _build_bin_names(&mut self) { + self._build_bin_names_internal(); + } + + /// Prepare for introspecting on all included [`Command`]s + /// + /// Call this on the top-level [`Command`] when done building and before reading state for + /// cases like completions, custom help output, etc. + pub fn build(&mut self) { + self._build_recursive(); + self._build_bin_names_internal(); + } + + pub(crate) fn _build_recursive(&mut self) { + self._build_self(); + for subcmd in self.get_subcommands_mut() { + subcmd._build_recursive(); + } + } + + pub(crate) fn _build_self(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_build: name={:?}", self.get_name()); + if !self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::Built) { + // Make sure all the globally set flags apply to us as well + self.settings = self.settings | self.g_settings; + + if self.is_multicall_set() { + self.settings.insert(AppSettings::SubcommandRequired.into()); + self.settings.insert(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag.into()); + self.settings.insert(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag.into()); + } + + self._propagate(); + self._check_help_and_version(); + self._propagate_global_args(); + self._derive_display_order(); + + let mut pos_counter = 1; + let self_override = self.is_set(AppSettings::AllArgsOverrideSelf); + let hide_pv = self.is_set(AppSettings::HidePossibleValues); + let auto_help = + !self.is_set(AppSettings::NoAutoHelp) && !self.is_disable_help_flag_set(); + let auto_version = + !self.is_set(AppSettings::NoAutoVersion) && !self.is_disable_version_flag_set(); + for a in self.args.args_mut() { + // Fill in the groups + for g in &a.groups { + if let Some(ag) = self.groups.iter_mut().find(|grp| grp.id == *g) { + ag.args.push(a.id.clone()); + } else { + let mut ag = ArgGroup::with_id(g.clone()); + ag.args.push(a.id.clone()); + self.groups.push(ag); + } + } + + // Figure out implied settings + if a.is_last_set() { + // if an arg has `Last` set, we need to imply DontCollapseArgsInUsage so that args + // in the usage string don't get confused or left out. + self.settings.set(AppSettings::DontCollapseArgsInUsage); + } + if hide_pv && a.is_takes_value_set() { + a.settings.set(ArgSettings::HidePossibleValues); + } + if self_override { + let self_id = a.id.clone(); + a.overrides.push(self_id); + } + a._build(); + // HACK: Setting up action at this level while auto-help / disable help flag is + // required. Otherwise, most of this won't be needed because when we can break + // compat, actions will reign supreme (default to `Store`) + if a.action.is_none() { + if a.get_id() == "help" && auto_help && !a.is_takes_value_set() { + let action = super::ArgAction::Help; + a.action = Some(action); + } else if a.get_id() == "version" && auto_version && !a.is_takes_value_set() { + let action = super::ArgAction::Version; + a.action = Some(action); + } else if a.is_takes_value_set() { + let action = super::ArgAction::StoreValue; + a.action = Some(action); + } else { + let action = super::ArgAction::IncOccurrence; + a.action = Some(action); + } + } + if a.is_positional() && a.index.is_none() { + a.index = Some(pos_counter); + pos_counter += 1; + } + } + + self.args._build(); + + #[cfg(debug_assertions)] + assert_app(self); + self.settings.set(AppSettings::Built); + } else { + debug!("Command::_build: already built"); + } + } + + pub(crate) fn _build_subcommand(&mut self, name: &str) -> Option<&mut Self> { + use std::fmt::Write; + + let mut mid_string = String::from(" "); + if !self.is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set() && !self.is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set() + { + let reqs = Usage::new(self).get_required_usage_from(&[], None, true); // maybe Some(m) + + for s in &reqs { + mid_string.push_str(s); + mid_string.push(' '); + } + } + let is_multicall_set = self.is_multicall_set(); + + let sc = self.subcommands.iter_mut().find(|s| s.name == name)?; + + // Display subcommand name, short and long in usage + let mut sc_names = sc.name.clone(); + let mut flag_subcmd = false; + if let Some(l) = sc.long_flag { + write!(sc_names, "|--{}", l).unwrap(); + flag_subcmd = true; + } + if let Some(s) = sc.short_flag { + write!(sc_names, "|-{}", s).unwrap(); + flag_subcmd = true; + } + + if flag_subcmd { + sc_names = format!("{{{}}}", sc_names); + } + + let usage_name = self + .bin_name + .as_ref() + .map(|bin_name| format!("{}{}{}", bin_name, mid_string, sc_names)) + .unwrap_or(sc_names); + sc.usage_name = Some(usage_name); + + // bin_name should be parent's bin_name + [<reqs>] + the sc's name separated by + // a space + let bin_name = format!( + "{}{}{}", + self.bin_name.as_ref().unwrap_or(&String::new()), + if self.bin_name.is_some() { " " } else { "" }, + &*sc.name + ); + debug!( + "Command::_build_subcommand Setting bin_name of {} to {:?}", + sc.name, bin_name + ); + sc.bin_name = Some(bin_name); + + if sc.display_name.is_none() { + let self_display_name = if is_multicall_set { + self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("") + } else { + self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name) + }; + let display_name = format!( + "{}{}{}", + self_display_name, + if !self_display_name.is_empty() { + "-" + } else { + "" + }, + &*sc.name + ); + debug!( + "Command::_build_subcommand Setting display_name of {} to {:?}", + sc.name, display_name + ); + sc.display_name = Some(display_name); + } + + // Ensure all args are built and ready to parse + sc._build_self(); + + Some(sc) + } + + fn _build_bin_names_internal(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_build_bin_names"); + + if !self.is_set(AppSettings::BinNameBuilt) { + let mut mid_string = String::from(" "); + if !self.is_subcommand_negates_reqs_set() + && !self.is_args_conflicts_with_subcommands_set() + { + let reqs = Usage::new(self).get_required_usage_from(&[], None, true); // maybe Some(m) + + for s in &reqs { + mid_string.push_str(s); + mid_string.push(' '); + } + } + let is_multicall_set = self.is_multicall_set(); + + let self_bin_name = if is_multicall_set { + self.bin_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("") + } else { + self.bin_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name) + } + .to_owned(); + + for mut sc in &mut self.subcommands { + debug!("Command::_build_bin_names:iter: bin_name set..."); + + if sc.usage_name.is_none() { + use std::fmt::Write; + // Display subcommand name, short and long in usage + let mut sc_names = sc.name.clone(); + let mut flag_subcmd = false; + if let Some(l) = sc.long_flag { + write!(sc_names, "|--{}", l).unwrap(); + flag_subcmd = true; + } + if let Some(s) = sc.short_flag { + write!(sc_names, "|-{}", s).unwrap(); + flag_subcmd = true; + } + + if flag_subcmd { + sc_names = format!("{{{}}}", sc_names); + } + + let usage_name = format!("{}{}{}", self_bin_name, mid_string, sc_names); + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting usage_name of {} to {:?}", + sc.name, usage_name + ); + sc.usage_name = Some(usage_name); + } else { + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing usage_name of {} ({:?})", + sc.name, sc.usage_name + ); + } + + if sc.bin_name.is_none() { + let bin_name = format!( + "{}{}{}", + self_bin_name, + if !self_bin_name.is_empty() { " " } else { "" }, + &*sc.name + ); + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting bin_name of {} to {:?}", + sc.name, bin_name + ); + sc.bin_name = Some(bin_name); + } else { + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing bin_name of {} ({:?})", + sc.name, sc.bin_name + ); + } + + if sc.display_name.is_none() { + let self_display_name = if is_multicall_set { + self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("") + } else { + self.display_name.as_deref().unwrap_or(&self.name) + }; + let display_name = format!( + "{}{}{}", + self_display_name, + if !self_display_name.is_empty() { + "-" + } else { + "" + }, + &*sc.name + ); + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names:iter: Setting display_name of {} to {:?}", + sc.name, display_name + ); + sc.display_name = Some(display_name); + } else { + debug!( + "Command::_build_bin_names::iter: Using existing display_name of {} ({:?})", + sc.name, sc.display_name + ); + } + + sc._build_bin_names_internal(); + } + self.set(AppSettings::BinNameBuilt); + } else { + debug!("Command::_build_bin_names: already built"); + } + } + + pub(crate) fn _panic_on_missing_help(&self, help_required_globally: bool) { + if self.is_set(AppSettings::HelpExpected) || help_required_globally { + let args_missing_help: Vec<String> = self + .args + .args() + .filter(|arg| arg.help.is_none() && arg.long_help.is_none()) + .map(|arg| String::from(arg.name)) + .collect(); + + assert!(args_missing_help.is_empty(), + "Command::help_expected is enabled for the Command {}, but at least one of its arguments does not have either `help` or `long_help` set. List of such arguments: {}", + self.name, + args_missing_help.join(", ") + ); + } + + for sub_app in &self.subcommands { + sub_app._panic_on_missing_help(help_required_globally); + } + } + + #[cfg(debug_assertions)] + pub(crate) fn two_args_of<F>(&self, condition: F) -> Option<(&Arg<'help>, &Arg<'help>)> + where + F: Fn(&Arg) -> bool, + { + two_elements_of(self.args.args().filter(|a: &&Arg| condition(a))) + } + + // just in case + #[allow(unused)] + fn two_groups_of<F>(&self, condition: F) -> Option<(&ArgGroup, &ArgGroup)> + where + F: Fn(&ArgGroup) -> bool, + { + two_elements_of(self.groups.iter().filter(|a| condition(a))) + } + + /// Propagate global args + pub(crate) fn _propagate_global_args(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_propagate_global_args:{}", self.name); + + for sc in &mut self.subcommands { + for a in self.args.args().filter(|a| a.is_global_set()) { + let mut propagate = false; + let is_generated = matches!( + a.provider, + ArgProvider::Generated | ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated + ); + + // Remove generated help and version args in the subcommand + // + // Don't remove if those args are further mutated + if is_generated { + let generated_pos = sc + .args + .args() + .position(|x| x.id == a.id && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated); + + if let Some(index) = generated_pos { + debug!( + "Command::_propagate removing {}'s {:?}", + sc.get_name(), + a.id + ); + sc.args.remove(index); + propagate = true; + } + } + + if propagate || sc.find(&a.id).is_none() { + debug!( + "Command::_propagate pushing {:?} to {}", + a.id, + sc.get_name(), + ); + sc.args.push(a.clone()); + } + } + } + } + + /// Propagate settings + pub(crate) fn _propagate(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_propagate:{}", self.name); + let mut subcommands = std::mem::take(&mut self.subcommands); + for sc in &mut subcommands { + self._propagate_subcommand(sc); + } + self.subcommands = subcommands; + } + + fn _propagate_subcommand(&self, sc: &mut Self) { + // We have to create a new scope in order to tell rustc the borrow of `sc` is + // done and to recursively call this method + { + if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::PropagateVersion) { + if sc.version.is_none() && self.version.is_some() { + sc.version = Some(self.version.unwrap()); + } + if sc.long_version.is_none() && self.long_version.is_some() { + sc.long_version = Some(self.long_version.unwrap()); + } + } + + sc.settings = sc.settings | self.g_settings; + sc.g_settings = sc.g_settings | self.g_settings; + sc.term_w = self.term_w; + sc.max_w = self.max_w; + } + } + + #[allow(clippy::blocks_in_if_conditions)] + pub(crate) fn _check_help_and_version(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: {}", self.name); + + if self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag) + || self.args.args().any(|x| { + x.provider == ArgProvider::User + && (x.long == Some("help") || x.id == Id::help_hash()) + }) + || self + .subcommands + .iter() + .any(|sc| sc.long_flag == Some("help")) + { + debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing generated help"); + + let generated_help_pos = self + .args + .args() + .position(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash() && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated); + + if let Some(index) = generated_help_pos { + self.args.remove(index); + } + } else { + let help = self + .args + .args() + .find(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash()) + .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG); + assert_ne!(help.provider, ArgProvider::User); + + if help.short.is_some() { + if help.short == Some('h') { + if let Some(other_arg) = self + .args + .args() + .find(|x| x.id != Id::help_hash() && x.short == Some('h')) + { + panic!( + "`help`s `-h` conflicts with `{}`. + +To change `help`s short, call `cmd.arg(Arg::new(\"help\")...)`.", + other_arg.name + ); + } + } + } else if !(self.args.args().any(|x| x.short == Some('h')) + || self.subcommands.iter().any(|sc| sc.short_flag == Some('h'))) + { + let help = self + .args + .args_mut() + .find(|x| x.id == Id::help_hash()) + .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG); + help.short = Some('h'); + } else { + debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing `-h` from help"); + } + } + + // Determine if we should remove the generated --version flag + // + // Note that if only mut_arg() was used, the first expression will evaluate to `true` + // however inside the condition block, we only check for Generated args, not + // GeneratedMutated args, so the `mut_arg("version", ..) will be skipped and fall through + // to the following condition below (Adding the short `-V`) + if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::DisableVersionFlag) + || (self.version.is_none() && self.long_version.is_none()) + || self.args.args().any(|x| { + x.provider == ArgProvider::User + && (x.long == Some("version") || x.id == Id::version_hash()) + }) + || self + .subcommands + .iter() + .any(|sc| sc.long_flag == Some("version")) + { + debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Removing generated version"); + + // This is the check mentioned above that only checks for Generated, not + // GeneratedMutated args by design. + let generated_version_pos = self + .args + .args() + .position(|x| x.id == Id::version_hash() && x.provider == ArgProvider::Generated); + + if let Some(index) = generated_version_pos { + self.args.remove(index); + } + } + + // If we still have a generated --version flag, determine if we can apply the short `-V` + if self.args.args().any(|x| { + x.id == Id::version_hash() + && matches!( + x.provider, + ArgProvider::Generated | ArgProvider::GeneratedMutated + ) + }) { + let other_arg_has_short = self.args.args().any(|x| x.short == Some('V')); + let version = self + .args + .args_mut() + .find(|x| x.id == Id::version_hash()) + .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG); + + if !(version.short.is_some() + || other_arg_has_short + || self.subcommands.iter().any(|sc| sc.short_flag == Some('V'))) + { + version.short = Some('V'); + } + } + + if !self.is_set(AppSettings::DisableHelpSubcommand) + && self.has_subcommands() + && !self.subcommands.iter().any(|s| s.id == Id::help_hash()) + { + debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Building help subcommand"); + let mut help_subcmd = App::new("help") + .about("Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)") + .arg( + Arg::new("subcommand") + .index(1) + .takes_value(true) + .multiple_occurrences(true) + .value_name("SUBCOMMAND") + .help("The subcommand whose help message to display"), + ); + self._propagate_subcommand(&mut help_subcmd); + + // The parser acts like this is set, so let's set it so we don't falsely + // advertise it to the user + help_subcmd.version = None; + help_subcmd.long_version = None; + help_subcmd = help_subcmd + .setting(AppSettings::DisableHelpFlag) + .unset_global_setting(AppSettings::PropagateVersion); + + self.subcommands.push(help_subcmd); + } + } + + pub(crate) fn _derive_display_order(&mut self) { + debug!("Command::_derive_display_order:{}", self.name); + + if self.settings.is_set(AppSettings::DeriveDisplayOrder) { + for a in self + .args + .args_mut() + .filter(|a| !a.is_positional()) + .filter(|a| a.provider != ArgProvider::Generated) + { + a.disp_ord.make_explicit(); + } + for (i, sc) in &mut self.subcommands.iter_mut().enumerate() { + sc.disp_ord.get_or_insert(i); + } + } + for sc in &mut self.subcommands { + sc._derive_display_order(); + } + } + + pub(crate) fn _render_version(&self, use_long: bool) -> String { + debug!("Command::_render_version"); + + let ver = if use_long { + self.long_version.or(self.version).unwrap_or("") + } else { + self.version.or(self.long_version).unwrap_or("") + }; + if let Some(bn) = self.bin_name.as_ref() { + if bn.contains(' ') { + // In case we're dealing with subcommands i.e. git mv is translated to git-mv + format!("{} {}\n", bn.replace(' ', "-"), ver) + } else { + format!("{} {}\n", &self.name[..], ver) + } + } else { + format!("{} {}\n", &self.name[..], ver) + } + } + + pub(crate) fn format_group(&self, g: &Id) -> String { + let g_string = self + .unroll_args_in_group(g) + .iter() + .filter_map(|x| self.find(x)) + .map(|x| { + if x.is_positional() { + // Print val_name for positional arguments. e.g. <file_name> + x.name_no_brackets().to_string() + } else { + // Print usage string for flags arguments, e.g. <--help> + x.to_string() + } + }) + .collect::<Vec<_>>() + .join("|"); + format!("<{}>", &*g_string) + } +} + +/// A workaround: +/// <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/34511#issuecomment-373423999> +pub(crate) trait Captures<'a> {} +impl<'a, T> Captures<'a> for T {} + +// Internal Query Methods +impl<'help> App<'help> { + /// Iterate through the *flags* & *options* arguments. + pub(crate) fn get_non_positionals(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.get_arguments().filter(|a| !a.is_positional()) + } + + /// Iterate through the *positionals* that don't have custom heading. + pub(crate) fn get_positionals_with_no_heading(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.get_positionals() + .filter(|a| a.get_help_heading().is_none()) + } + + /// Iterate through the *flags* & *options* that don't have custom heading. + pub(crate) fn get_non_positionals_with_no_heading(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Arg<'help>> { + self.get_non_positionals() + .filter(|a| a.get_help_heading().is_none()) + } + + pub(crate) fn find(&self, arg_id: &Id) -> Option<&Arg<'help>> { + self.args.args().find(|a| a.id == *arg_id) + } + + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn contains_short(&self, s: char) -> bool { + assert!( + self.is_set(AppSettings::Built), + "If App::_build hasn't been called, manually search through Arg shorts" + ); + + self.args.contains(s) + } + + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn set(&mut self, s: AppSettings) { + self.settings.set(s) + } + + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn has_args(&self) -> bool { + !self.args.is_empty() + } + + pub(crate) fn has_positionals(&self) -> bool { + self.args.keys().any(|x| x.is_position()) + } + + pub(crate) fn has_visible_subcommands(&self) -> bool { + self.subcommands + .iter() + .any(|sc| sc.name != "help" && !sc.is_set(AppSettings::Hidden)) + } + + /// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words, + /// check if `name` is the name of this subcommand or is one of its aliases. + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn aliases_to<T>(&self, name: &T) -> bool + where + T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized, + { + *name == *self.get_name() || self.get_all_aliases().any(|alias| *name == *alias) + } + + /// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words, + /// check if `name` is the name of this short flag subcommand or is one of its short flag aliases. + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn short_flag_aliases_to(&self, flag: char) -> bool { + Some(flag) == self.short_flag + || self.get_all_short_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias) + } + + /// Check if this subcommand can be referred to as `name`. In other words, + /// check if `name` is the name of this long flag subcommand or is one of its long flag aliases. + #[inline] + pub(crate) fn long_flag_aliases_to<T>(&self, flag: &T) -> bool + where + T: PartialEq<str> + ?Sized, + { + match self.long_flag { + Some(long_flag) => { + flag == long_flag || self.get_all_long_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias) + } + None => self.get_all_long_flag_aliases().any(|alias| flag == alias), + } + } + + #[cfg(debug_assertions)] + pub(crate) fn id_exists(&self, id: &Id) -> bool { + self.args.args().any(|x| x.id == *id) || self.groups.iter().any(|x| x.id == *id) + } + + /// Iterate through the groups this arg is member of. + pub(crate) fn groups_for_arg<'a>(&'a self, arg: &Id) -> impl Iterator<Item = Id> + 'a { + debug!("Command::groups_for_arg: id={:?}", arg); + let arg = arg.clone(); + self.groups + .iter() + .filter(move |grp| grp.args.iter().any(|a| a == &arg)) + .map(|grp| grp.id.clone()) + } + + pub(crate) fn find_group(&self, group_id: &Id) -> Option<&ArgGroup<'help>> { + self.groups.iter().find(|g| g.id == *group_id) + } + + /// Iterate through all the names of all subcommands (not recursively), including aliases. + /// Used for suggestions. + pub(crate) fn all_subcommand_names(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + Captures<'help> { + self.get_subcommands().flat_map(|sc| { + let name = sc.get_name(); + let aliases = sc.get_all_aliases(); + std::iter::once(name).chain(aliases) + }) + } + + pub(crate) fn required_graph(&self) -> ChildGraph<Id> { + let mut reqs = ChildGraph::with_capacity(5); + for a in self.args.args().filter(|a| a.is_required_set()) { + reqs.insert(a.id.clone()); + } + for group in &self.groups { + if group.required { + let idx = reqs.insert(group.id.clone()); + for a in &group.requires { + reqs.insert_child(idx, a.clone()); + } + } + } + + reqs + } + + pub(crate) fn unroll_args_in_group(&self, group: &Id) -> Vec<Id> { + debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group: group={:?}", group); + let mut g_vec = vec![group]; + let mut args = vec![]; + + while let Some(g) = g_vec.pop() { + for n in self + .groups + .iter() + .find(|grp| grp.id == *g) + .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG) + .args + .iter() + { + debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: entity={:?}", n); + if !args.contains(n) { + if self.find(n).is_some() { + debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: this is an arg"); + args.push(n.clone()) + } else { + debug!("Command::unroll_args_in_group:iter: this is a group"); + g_vec.push(n); + } + } + } + } + + args + } + + pub(crate) fn unroll_arg_requires<F>(&self, func: F, arg: &Id) -> Vec<Id> + where + F: Fn(&(ArgPredicate<'_>, Id)) -> Option<Id>, + { + let mut processed = vec![]; + let mut r_vec = vec![arg]; + let mut args = vec![]; + + while let Some(a) = r_vec.pop() { + if processed.contains(&a) { + continue; + } + + processed.push(a); + + if let Some(arg) = self.find(a) { + for r in arg.requires.iter().filter_map(&func) { + if let Some(req) = self.find(&r) { + if !req.requires.is_empty() { + r_vec.push(&req.id) + } + } + args.push(r); + } + } + } + + args + } + + /// Find a flag subcommand name by short flag or an alias + pub(crate) fn find_short_subcmd(&self, c: char) -> Option<&str> { + self.get_subcommands() + .find(|sc| sc.short_flag_aliases_to(c)) + .map(|sc| sc.get_name()) + } + + /// Find a flag subcommand name by long flag or an alias + pub(crate) fn find_long_subcmd(&self, long: &str) -> Option<&str> { + self.get_subcommands() + .find(|sc| sc.long_flag_aliases_to(long)) + .map(|sc| sc.get_name()) + } + + pub(crate) fn get_display_order(&self) -> usize { + self.disp_ord.unwrap_or(999) + } + + pub(crate) fn write_help_err( + &self, + mut use_long: bool, + stream: Stream, + ) -> ClapResult<Colorizer> { + debug!( + "Parser::write_help_err: use_long={:?}, stream={:?}", + use_long && self.use_long_help(), + stream + ); + + use_long = use_long && self.use_long_help(); + let usage = Usage::new(self); + + let mut c = Colorizer::new(stream, self.color_help()); + Help::new(HelpWriter::Buffer(&mut c), self, &usage, use_long).write_help()?; + Ok(c) + } + + pub(crate) fn use_long_help(&self) -> bool { + debug!("Command::use_long_help"); + // In this case, both must be checked. This allows the retention of + // original formatting, but also ensures that the actual -h or --help + // specified by the user is sent through. If hide_short_help is not included, + // then items specified with hidden_short_help will also be hidden. + let should_long = |v: &Arg| { + v.long_help.is_some() + || v.is_hide_long_help_set() + || v.is_hide_short_help_set() + || cfg!(feature = "unstable-v4") + && v.get_possible_values2() + .iter() + .any(PossibleValue::should_show_help) + }; + + // Subcommands aren't checked because we prefer short help for them, deferring to + // `cmd subcmd --help` for more. + self.get_long_about().is_some() + || self.get_before_long_help().is_some() + || self.get_after_long_help().is_some() + || self.get_arguments().any(should_long) + } + + // Should we color the help? + pub(crate) fn color_help(&self) -> ColorChoice { + #[cfg(feature = "color")] + if self.is_disable_colored_help_set() { + return ColorChoice::Never; + } + + self.get_color() + } +} + +impl<'help> Default for App<'help> { + fn default() -> Self { + Self { + id: Default::default(), + name: Default::default(), + long_flag: Default::default(), + short_flag: Default::default(), + display_name: Default::default(), + bin_name: Default::default(), + author: Default::default(), + version: Default::default(), + long_version: Default::default(), + about: Default::default(), + long_about: Default::default(), + before_help: Default::default(), + before_long_help: Default::default(), + after_help: Default::default(), + after_long_help: Default::default(), + aliases: Default::default(), + short_flag_aliases: Default::default(), + long_flag_aliases: Default::default(), + usage_str: Default::default(), + usage_name: Default::default(), + help_str: Default::default(), + disp_ord: Default::default(), + term_w: Default::default(), + max_w: Default::default(), + template: Default::default(), + settings: Default::default(), + g_settings: Default::default(), + args: Default::default(), + subcommands: Default::default(), + replacers: Default::default(), + groups: Default::default(), + current_help_heading: Default::default(), + current_disp_ord: Some(0), + subcommand_value_name: Default::default(), + subcommand_heading: Default::default(), + } + } +} + +impl<'help> Index<&'_ Id> for App<'help> { + type Output = Arg<'help>; + + fn index(&self, key: &Id) -> &Self::Output { + self.find(key).expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG) + } +} + +impl fmt::Display for App<'_> { + fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { + write!(f, "{}", self.name) + } +} + +fn two_elements_of<I, T>(mut iter: I) -> Option<(T, T)> +where + I: Iterator<Item = T>, +{ + let first = iter.next(); + let second = iter.next(); + + match (first, second) { + (Some(first), Some(second)) => Some((first, second)), + _ => None, + } +} + +#[test] +fn check_auto_traits() { + static_assertions::assert_impl_all!(Command: Send, Sync, Unpin); +} |