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+/*!
+This module provides forward and reverse substring search routines.
+
+Unlike the standard library's substring search routines, these work on
+arbitrary bytes. For all non-empty needles, these routines will report exactly
+the same values as the corresponding routines in the standard library. For
+the empty needle, the standard library reports matches only at valid UTF-8
+boundaries, where as these routines will report matches at every position.
+
+Other than being able to work on arbitrary bytes, the primary reason to prefer
+these routines over the standard library routines is that these will generally
+be faster. In some cases, significantly so.
+
+# Example: iterating over substring matches
+
+This example shows how to use [`find_iter`] to find occurrences of a substring
+in a haystack.
+
+```
+use memchr::memmem;
+
+let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+
+let mut it = memmem::find_iter(haystack, "foo");
+assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+```
+
+# Example: iterating over substring matches in reverse
+
+This example shows how to use [`rfind_iter`] to find occurrences of a substring
+in a haystack starting from the end of the haystack.
+
+**NOTE:** This module does not implement double ended iterators, so reverse
+searches aren't done by calling `rev` on a forward iterator.
+
+```
+use memchr::memmem;
+
+let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+
+let mut it = memmem::rfind_iter(haystack, "foo");
+assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+```
+
+# Example: repeating a search for the same needle
+
+It may be possible for the overhead of constructing a substring searcher to be
+measurable in some workloads. In cases where the same needle is used to search
+many haystacks, it is possible to do construction once and thus to avoid it for
+subsequent searches. This can be done with a [`Finder`] (or a [`FinderRev`] for
+reverse searches).
+
+```
+use memchr::memmem;
+
+let finder = memmem::Finder::new("foo");
+
+assert_eq!(Some(4), finder.find(b"baz foo quux"));
+assert_eq!(None, finder.find(b"quux baz bar"));
+```
+*/
+
+pub use self::prefilter::Prefilter;
+
+use crate::{
+ cow::CowBytes,
+ memmem::{
+ prefilter::{Pre, PrefilterFn, PrefilterState},
+ rabinkarp::NeedleHash,
+ rarebytes::RareNeedleBytes,
+ },
+};
+
+/// Defines a suite of quickcheck properties for forward and reverse
+/// substring searching.
+///
+/// This is defined in this specific spot so that it can be used freely among
+/// the different substring search implementations. I couldn't be bothered to
+/// fight with the macro-visibility rules enough to figure out how to stuff it
+/// somewhere more convenient.
+#[cfg(all(test, feature = "std"))]
+macro_rules! define_memmem_quickcheck_tests {
+ ($fwd:expr, $rev:expr) => {
+ use crate::memmem::proptests;
+
+ quickcheck::quickcheck! {
+ fn qc_fwd_prefix_is_substring(bs: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+ proptests::prefix_is_substring(false, &bs, $fwd)
+ }
+
+ fn qc_fwd_suffix_is_substring(bs: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+ proptests::suffix_is_substring(false, &bs, $fwd)
+ }
+
+ fn qc_fwd_matches_naive(
+ haystack: Vec<u8>,
+ needle: Vec<u8>
+ ) -> bool {
+ proptests::matches_naive(false, &haystack, &needle, $fwd)
+ }
+
+ fn qc_rev_prefix_is_substring(bs: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+ proptests::prefix_is_substring(true, &bs, $rev)
+ }
+
+ fn qc_rev_suffix_is_substring(bs: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
+ proptests::suffix_is_substring(true, &bs, $rev)
+ }
+
+ fn qc_rev_matches_naive(
+ haystack: Vec<u8>,
+ needle: Vec<u8>
+ ) -> bool {
+ proptests::matches_naive(true, &haystack, &needle, $rev)
+ }
+ }
+ };
+}
+
+/// Defines a suite of "simple" hand-written tests for a substring
+/// implementation.
+///
+/// This is defined here for the same reason that
+/// define_memmem_quickcheck_tests is defined here.
+#[cfg(test)]
+macro_rules! define_memmem_simple_tests {
+ ($fwd:expr, $rev:expr) => {
+ use crate::memmem::testsimples;
+
+ #[test]
+ fn simple_forward() {
+ testsimples::run_search_tests_fwd($fwd);
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn simple_reverse() {
+ testsimples::run_search_tests_rev($rev);
+ }
+ };
+}
+
+mod byte_frequencies;
+#[cfg(memchr_runtime_simd)]
+mod genericsimd;
+mod prefilter;
+mod rabinkarp;
+mod rarebytes;
+mod twoway;
+mod util;
+#[cfg(memchr_runtime_simd)]
+mod vector;
+#[cfg(all(memchr_runtime_wasm128))]
+mod wasm;
+#[cfg(all(not(miri), target_arch = "x86_64", memchr_runtime_simd))]
+mod x86;
+
+/// Returns an iterator over all non-overlapping occurrences of a substring in
+/// a haystack.
+///
+/// # Complexity
+///
+/// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+/// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+/// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+///
+/// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+/// complexity.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Basic usage:
+///
+/// ```
+/// use memchr::memmem;
+///
+/// let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+/// let mut it = memmem::find_iter(haystack, b"foo");
+/// assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+/// ```
+#[inline]
+pub fn find_iter<'h, 'n, N: 'n + ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ needle: &'n N,
+) -> FindIter<'h, 'n> {
+ FindIter::new(haystack, Finder::new(needle))
+}
+
+/// Returns a reverse iterator over all non-overlapping occurrences of a
+/// substring in a haystack.
+///
+/// # Complexity
+///
+/// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+/// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+/// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+///
+/// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+/// complexity.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Basic usage:
+///
+/// ```
+/// use memchr::memmem;
+///
+/// let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+/// let mut it = memmem::rfind_iter(haystack, b"foo");
+/// assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+/// assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+/// ```
+#[inline]
+pub fn rfind_iter<'h, 'n, N: 'n + ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ needle: &'n N,
+) -> FindRevIter<'h, 'n> {
+ FindRevIter::new(haystack, FinderRev::new(needle))
+}
+
+/// Returns the index of the first occurrence of the given needle.
+///
+/// Note that if you're are searching for the same needle in many different
+/// small haystacks, it may be faster to initialize a [`Finder`] once,
+/// and reuse it for each search.
+///
+/// # Complexity
+///
+/// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+/// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+/// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+///
+/// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+/// complexity.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Basic usage:
+///
+/// ```
+/// use memchr::memmem;
+///
+/// let haystack = b"foo bar baz";
+/// assert_eq!(Some(0), memmem::find(haystack, b"foo"));
+/// assert_eq!(Some(4), memmem::find(haystack, b"bar"));
+/// assert_eq!(None, memmem::find(haystack, b"quux"));
+/// ```
+#[inline]
+pub fn find(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ if haystack.len() < 64 {
+ rabinkarp::find(haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ Finder::new(needle).find(haystack)
+ }
+}
+
+/// Returns the index of the last occurrence of the given needle.
+///
+/// Note that if you're are searching for the same needle in many different
+/// small haystacks, it may be faster to initialize a [`FinderRev`] once,
+/// and reuse it for each search.
+///
+/// # Complexity
+///
+/// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+/// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+/// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+///
+/// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+/// complexity.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Basic usage:
+///
+/// ```
+/// use memchr::memmem;
+///
+/// let haystack = b"foo bar baz";
+/// assert_eq!(Some(0), memmem::rfind(haystack, b"foo"));
+/// assert_eq!(Some(4), memmem::rfind(haystack, b"bar"));
+/// assert_eq!(Some(8), memmem::rfind(haystack, b"ba"));
+/// assert_eq!(None, memmem::rfind(haystack, b"quux"));
+/// ```
+#[inline]
+pub fn rfind(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ if haystack.len() < 64 {
+ rabinkarp::rfind(haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ FinderRev::new(needle).rfind(haystack)
+ }
+}
+
+/// An iterator over non-overlapping substring matches.
+///
+/// Matches are reported by the byte offset at which they begin.
+///
+/// `'h` is the lifetime of the haystack while `'n` is the lifetime of the
+/// needle.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct FindIter<'h, 'n> {
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ prestate: PrefilterState,
+ finder: Finder<'n>,
+ pos: usize,
+}
+
+impl<'h, 'n> FindIter<'h, 'n> {
+ #[inline(always)]
+ pub(crate) fn new(
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ finder: Finder<'n>,
+ ) -> FindIter<'h, 'n> {
+ let prestate = finder.searcher.prefilter_state();
+ FindIter { haystack, prestate, finder, pos: 0 }
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this iterator into its owned variant, such that it no longer
+ /// borrows the finder and needle.
+ ///
+ /// If this is already an owned iterator, then this is a no-op. Otherwise,
+ /// this copies the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is only available when the `std` feature is enabled.
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn into_owned(self) -> FindIter<'h, 'static> {
+ FindIter {
+ haystack: self.haystack,
+ prestate: self.prestate,
+ finder: self.finder.into_owned(),
+ pos: self.pos,
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<'h, 'n> Iterator for FindIter<'h, 'n> {
+ type Item = usize;
+
+ fn next(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
+ if self.pos > self.haystack.len() {
+ return None;
+ }
+ let result = self
+ .finder
+ .searcher
+ .find(&mut self.prestate, &self.haystack[self.pos..]);
+ match result {
+ None => None,
+ Some(i) => {
+ let pos = self.pos + i;
+ self.pos = pos + core::cmp::max(1, self.finder.needle().len());
+ Some(pos)
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// An iterator over non-overlapping substring matches in reverse.
+///
+/// Matches are reported by the byte offset at which they begin.
+///
+/// `'h` is the lifetime of the haystack while `'n` is the lifetime of the
+/// needle.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct FindRevIter<'h, 'n> {
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ finder: FinderRev<'n>,
+ /// When searching with an empty needle, this gets set to `None` after
+ /// we've yielded the last element at `0`.
+ pos: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl<'h, 'n> FindRevIter<'h, 'n> {
+ #[inline(always)]
+ pub(crate) fn new(
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ finder: FinderRev<'n>,
+ ) -> FindRevIter<'h, 'n> {
+ let pos = Some(haystack.len());
+ FindRevIter { haystack, finder, pos }
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this iterator into its owned variant, such that it no longer
+ /// borrows the finder and needle.
+ ///
+ /// If this is already an owned iterator, then this is a no-op. Otherwise,
+ /// this copies the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is only available when the `std` feature is enabled.
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn into_owned(self) -> FindRevIter<'h, 'static> {
+ FindRevIter {
+ haystack: self.haystack,
+ finder: self.finder.into_owned(),
+ pos: self.pos,
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<'h, 'n> Iterator for FindRevIter<'h, 'n> {
+ type Item = usize;
+
+ fn next(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
+ let pos = match self.pos {
+ None => return None,
+ Some(pos) => pos,
+ };
+ let result = self.finder.rfind(&self.haystack[..pos]);
+ match result {
+ None => None,
+ Some(i) => {
+ if pos == i {
+ self.pos = pos.checked_sub(1);
+ } else {
+ self.pos = Some(i);
+ }
+ Some(i)
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// A single substring searcher fixed to a particular needle.
+///
+/// The purpose of this type is to permit callers to construct a substring
+/// searcher that can be used to search haystacks without the overhead of
+/// constructing the searcher in the first place. This is a somewhat niche
+/// concern when it's necessary to re-use the same needle to search multiple
+/// different haystacks with as little overhead as possible. In general, using
+/// [`find`] is good enough, but `Finder` is useful when you can meaningfully
+/// observe searcher construction time in a profile.
+///
+/// When the `std` feature is enabled, then this type has an `into_owned`
+/// version which permits building a `Finder` that is not connected to
+/// the lifetime of its needle.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Finder<'n> {
+ searcher: Searcher<'n>,
+}
+
+impl<'n> Finder<'n> {
+ /// Create a new finder for the given needle.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn new<B: ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(needle: &'n B) -> Finder<'n> {
+ FinderBuilder::new().build_forward(needle)
+ }
+
+ /// Returns the index of the first occurrence of this needle in the given
+ /// haystack.
+ ///
+ /// # Complexity
+ ///
+ /// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+ /// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+ /// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+ ///
+ /// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+ /// complexity.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Basic usage:
+ ///
+ /// ```
+ /// use memchr::memmem::Finder;
+ ///
+ /// let haystack = b"foo bar baz";
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(0), Finder::new("foo").find(haystack));
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(4), Finder::new("bar").find(haystack));
+ /// assert_eq!(None, Finder::new("quux").find(haystack));
+ /// ```
+ pub fn find(&self, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ self.searcher.find(&mut self.searcher.prefilter_state(), haystack)
+ }
+
+ /// Returns an iterator over all occurrences of a substring in a haystack.
+ ///
+ /// # Complexity
+ ///
+ /// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+ /// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+ /// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+ ///
+ /// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+ /// complexity.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Basic usage:
+ ///
+ /// ```
+ /// use memchr::memmem::Finder;
+ ///
+ /// let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+ /// let finder = Finder::new(b"foo");
+ /// let mut it = finder.find_iter(haystack);
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+ /// ```
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn find_iter<'a, 'h>(
+ &'a self,
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ ) -> FindIter<'h, 'a> {
+ FindIter::new(haystack, self.as_ref())
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this finder into its owned variant, such that it no longer
+ /// borrows the needle.
+ ///
+ /// If this is already an owned finder, then this is a no-op. Otherwise,
+ /// this copies the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is only available when the `std` feature is enabled.
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn into_owned(self) -> Finder<'static> {
+ Finder { searcher: self.searcher.into_owned() }
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this finder into its borrowed variant.
+ ///
+ /// This is primarily useful if your finder is owned and you'd like to
+ /// store its borrowed variant in some intermediate data structure.
+ ///
+ /// Note that the lifetime parameter of the returned finder is tied to the
+ /// lifetime of `self`, and may be shorter than the `'n` lifetime of the
+ /// needle itself. Namely, a finder's needle can be either borrowed or
+ /// owned, so the lifetime of the needle returned must necessarily be the
+ /// shorter of the two.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn as_ref(&self) -> Finder<'_> {
+ Finder { searcher: self.searcher.as_ref() }
+ }
+
+ /// Returns the needle that this finder searches for.
+ ///
+ /// Note that the lifetime of the needle returned is tied to the lifetime
+ /// of the finder, and may be shorter than the `'n` lifetime. Namely, a
+ /// finder's needle can be either borrowed or owned, so the lifetime of the
+ /// needle returned must necessarily be the shorter of the two.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn needle(&self) -> &[u8] {
+ self.searcher.needle()
+ }
+}
+
+/// A single substring reverse searcher fixed to a particular needle.
+///
+/// The purpose of this type is to permit callers to construct a substring
+/// searcher that can be used to search haystacks without the overhead of
+/// constructing the searcher in the first place. This is a somewhat niche
+/// concern when it's necessary to re-use the same needle to search multiple
+/// different haystacks with as little overhead as possible. In general,
+/// using [`rfind`] is good enough, but `FinderRev` is useful when you can
+/// meaningfully observe searcher construction time in a profile.
+///
+/// When the `std` feature is enabled, then this type has an `into_owned`
+/// version which permits building a `FinderRev` that is not connected to
+/// the lifetime of its needle.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct FinderRev<'n> {
+ searcher: SearcherRev<'n>,
+}
+
+impl<'n> FinderRev<'n> {
+ /// Create a new reverse finder for the given needle.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn new<B: ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(needle: &'n B) -> FinderRev<'n> {
+ FinderBuilder::new().build_reverse(needle)
+ }
+
+ /// Returns the index of the last occurrence of this needle in the given
+ /// haystack.
+ ///
+ /// The haystack may be any type that can be cheaply converted into a
+ /// `&[u8]`. This includes, but is not limited to, `&str` and `&[u8]`.
+ ///
+ /// # Complexity
+ ///
+ /// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+ /// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+ /// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+ ///
+ /// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+ /// complexity.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Basic usage:
+ ///
+ /// ```
+ /// use memchr::memmem::FinderRev;
+ ///
+ /// let haystack = b"foo bar baz";
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(0), FinderRev::new("foo").rfind(haystack));
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(4), FinderRev::new("bar").rfind(haystack));
+ /// assert_eq!(None, FinderRev::new("quux").rfind(haystack));
+ /// ```
+ pub fn rfind<B: AsRef<[u8]>>(&self, haystack: B) -> Option<usize> {
+ self.searcher.rfind(haystack.as_ref())
+ }
+
+ /// Returns a reverse iterator over all occurrences of a substring in a
+ /// haystack.
+ ///
+ /// # Complexity
+ ///
+ /// This routine is guaranteed to have worst case linear time complexity
+ /// with respect to both the needle and the haystack. That is, this runs
+ /// in `O(needle.len() + haystack.len())` time.
+ ///
+ /// This routine is also guaranteed to have worst case constant space
+ /// complexity.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Basic usage:
+ ///
+ /// ```
+ /// use memchr::memmem::FinderRev;
+ ///
+ /// let haystack = b"foo bar foo baz foo";
+ /// let finder = FinderRev::new(b"foo");
+ /// let mut it = finder.rfind_iter(haystack);
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(16), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(8), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(Some(0), it.next());
+ /// assert_eq!(None, it.next());
+ /// ```
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn rfind_iter<'a, 'h>(
+ &'a self,
+ haystack: &'h [u8],
+ ) -> FindRevIter<'h, 'a> {
+ FindRevIter::new(haystack, self.as_ref())
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this finder into its owned variant, such that it no longer
+ /// borrows the needle.
+ ///
+ /// If this is already an owned finder, then this is a no-op. Otherwise,
+ /// this copies the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is only available when the `std` feature is enabled.
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn into_owned(self) -> FinderRev<'static> {
+ FinderRev { searcher: self.searcher.into_owned() }
+ }
+
+ /// Convert this finder into its borrowed variant.
+ ///
+ /// This is primarily useful if your finder is owned and you'd like to
+ /// store its borrowed variant in some intermediate data structure.
+ ///
+ /// Note that the lifetime parameter of the returned finder is tied to the
+ /// lifetime of `self`, and may be shorter than the `'n` lifetime of the
+ /// needle itself. Namely, a finder's needle can be either borrowed or
+ /// owned, so the lifetime of the needle returned must necessarily be the
+ /// shorter of the two.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn as_ref(&self) -> FinderRev<'_> {
+ FinderRev { searcher: self.searcher.as_ref() }
+ }
+
+ /// Returns the needle that this finder searches for.
+ ///
+ /// Note that the lifetime of the needle returned is tied to the lifetime
+ /// of the finder, and may be shorter than the `'n` lifetime. Namely, a
+ /// finder's needle can be either borrowed or owned, so the lifetime of the
+ /// needle returned must necessarily be the shorter of the two.
+ #[inline]
+ pub fn needle(&self) -> &[u8] {
+ self.searcher.needle()
+ }
+}
+
+/// A builder for constructing non-default forward or reverse memmem finders.
+///
+/// A builder is primarily useful for configuring a substring searcher.
+/// Currently, the only configuration exposed is the ability to disable
+/// heuristic prefilters used to speed up certain searches.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct FinderBuilder {
+ config: SearcherConfig,
+}
+
+impl FinderBuilder {
+ /// Create a new finder builder with default settings.
+ pub fn new() -> FinderBuilder {
+ FinderBuilder::default()
+ }
+
+ /// Build a forward finder using the given needle from the current
+ /// settings.
+ pub fn build_forward<'n, B: ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(
+ &self,
+ needle: &'n B,
+ ) -> Finder<'n> {
+ Finder { searcher: Searcher::new(self.config, needle.as_ref()) }
+ }
+
+ /// Build a reverse finder using the given needle from the current
+ /// settings.
+ pub fn build_reverse<'n, B: ?Sized + AsRef<[u8]>>(
+ &self,
+ needle: &'n B,
+ ) -> FinderRev<'n> {
+ FinderRev { searcher: SearcherRev::new(needle.as_ref()) }
+ }
+
+ /// Configure the prefilter setting for the finder.
+ ///
+ /// See the documentation for [`Prefilter`] for more discussion on why
+ /// you might want to configure this.
+ pub fn prefilter(&mut self, prefilter: Prefilter) -> &mut FinderBuilder {
+ self.config.prefilter = prefilter;
+ self
+ }
+}
+
+/// The internal implementation of a forward substring searcher.
+///
+/// The reality is that this is a "meta" searcher. Namely, depending on a
+/// variety of parameters (CPU support, target, needle size, haystack size and
+/// even dynamic properties such as prefilter effectiveness), the actual
+/// algorithm employed to do substring search may change.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct Searcher<'n> {
+ /// The actual needle we're searching for.
+ ///
+ /// A CowBytes is like a Cow<[u8]>, except in no_std environments, it is
+ /// specialized to a single variant (the borrowed form).
+ needle: CowBytes<'n>,
+ /// A collection of facts computed on the needle that are useful for more
+ /// than one substring search algorithm.
+ ninfo: NeedleInfo,
+ /// A prefilter function, if it was deemed appropriate.
+ ///
+ /// Some substring search implementations (like Two-Way) benefit greatly
+ /// if we can quickly find candidate starting positions for a match.
+ prefn: Option<PrefilterFn>,
+ /// The actual substring implementation in use.
+ kind: SearcherKind,
+}
+
+/// A collection of facts computed about a search needle.
+///
+/// We group these things together because it's useful to be able to hand them
+/// to prefilters or substring algorithms that want them.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct NeedleInfo {
+ /// The offsets of "rare" bytes detected in the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is meant to be a heuristic in order to maximize the effectiveness
+ /// of vectorized code. Namely, vectorized code tends to focus on only
+ /// one or two bytes. If we pick bytes from the needle that occur
+ /// infrequently, then more time will be spent in the vectorized code and
+ /// will likely make the overall search (much) faster.
+ ///
+ /// Of course, this is only a heuristic based on a background frequency
+ /// distribution of bytes. But it tends to work very well in practice.
+ pub(crate) rarebytes: RareNeedleBytes,
+ /// A Rabin-Karp hash of the needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is store here instead of in a more specific Rabin-Karp search
+ /// since Rabin-Karp may be used even if another SearchKind corresponds
+ /// to some other search implementation. e.g., If measurements suggest RK
+ /// is faster in some cases or if a search implementation can't handle
+ /// particularly small haystack. (Moreover, we cannot use RK *generally*,
+ /// since its worst case time is multiplicative. Instead, we only use it
+ /// some small haystacks, where "small" is a constant.)
+ pub(crate) nhash: NeedleHash,
+}
+
+/// Configuration for substring search.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+struct SearcherConfig {
+ /// This permits changing the behavior of the prefilter, since it can have
+ /// a variable impact on performance.
+ prefilter: Prefilter,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+enum SearcherKind {
+ /// A special case for empty needles. An empty needle always matches, even
+ /// in an empty haystack.
+ Empty,
+ /// This is used whenever the needle is a single byte. In this case, we
+ /// always use memchr.
+ OneByte(u8),
+ /// Two-Way is the generic work horse and is what provides our additive
+ /// linear time guarantee. In general, it's used when the needle is bigger
+ /// than 8 bytes or so.
+ TwoWay(twoway::Forward),
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), target_arch = "x86_64", memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ GenericSIMD128(x86::sse::Forward),
+ #[cfg(memchr_runtime_wasm128)]
+ GenericSIMD128(wasm::Forward),
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), target_arch = "x86_64", memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ GenericSIMD256(x86::avx::Forward),
+}
+
+impl<'n> Searcher<'n> {
+ fn new(config: SearcherConfig, needle: &'n [u8]) -> Searcher<'n> {
+ use self::SearcherKind::*;
+
+ let ninfo = NeedleInfo::new(needle);
+ let mk = |kind: SearcherKind| {
+ let prefn = prefilter::forward(
+ &config.prefilter,
+ &ninfo.rarebytes,
+ needle,
+ );
+ Searcher { needle: CowBytes::new(needle), ninfo, prefn, kind }
+ };
+ if needle.len() == 0 {
+ return mk(Empty);
+ }
+ if needle.len() == 1 {
+ return mk(OneByte(needle[0]));
+ }
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), target_arch = "x86_64", memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ {
+ if let Some(fwd) = x86::avx::Forward::new(&ninfo, needle) {
+ return mk(GenericSIMD256(fwd));
+ } else if let Some(fwd) = x86::sse::Forward::new(&ninfo, needle) {
+ return mk(GenericSIMD128(fwd));
+ }
+ }
+ #[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ {
+ if let Some(fwd) = wasm::Forward::new(&ninfo, needle) {
+ return mk(GenericSIMD128(fwd));
+ }
+ }
+
+ mk(TwoWay(twoway::Forward::new(needle)))
+ }
+
+ /// Return a fresh prefilter state that can be used with this searcher.
+ /// A prefilter state is used to track the effectiveness of a searcher's
+ /// prefilter for speeding up searches. Therefore, the prefilter state
+ /// should generally be reused on subsequent searches (such as in an
+ /// iterator). For searches on a different haystack, then a new prefilter
+ /// state should be used.
+ ///
+ /// This always initializes a valid (but possibly inert) prefilter state
+ /// even if this searcher does not have a prefilter enabled.
+ fn prefilter_state(&self) -> PrefilterState {
+ if self.prefn.is_none() {
+ PrefilterState::inert()
+ } else {
+ PrefilterState::new()
+ }
+ }
+
+ fn needle(&self) -> &[u8] {
+ self.needle.as_slice()
+ }
+
+ fn as_ref(&self) -> Searcher<'_> {
+ use self::SearcherKind::*;
+
+ let kind = match self.kind {
+ Empty => Empty,
+ OneByte(b) => OneByte(b),
+ TwoWay(tw) => TwoWay(tw),
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ GenericSIMD128(gs) => GenericSIMD128(gs),
+ #[cfg(all(
+ not(miri),
+ target_arch = "x86_64",
+ memchr_runtime_simd
+ ))]
+ GenericSIMD256(gs) => GenericSIMD256(gs),
+ };
+ Searcher {
+ needle: CowBytes::new(self.needle()),
+ ninfo: self.ninfo,
+ prefn: self.prefn,
+ kind,
+ }
+ }
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ fn into_owned(self) -> Searcher<'static> {
+ use self::SearcherKind::*;
+
+ let kind = match self.kind {
+ Empty => Empty,
+ OneByte(b) => OneByte(b),
+ TwoWay(tw) => TwoWay(tw),
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ GenericSIMD128(gs) => GenericSIMD128(gs),
+ #[cfg(all(
+ not(miri),
+ target_arch = "x86_64",
+ memchr_runtime_simd
+ ))]
+ GenericSIMD256(gs) => GenericSIMD256(gs),
+ };
+ Searcher {
+ needle: self.needle.into_owned(),
+ ninfo: self.ninfo,
+ prefn: self.prefn,
+ kind,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Implements forward substring search by selecting the implementation
+ /// chosen at construction and executing it on the given haystack with the
+ /// prefilter's current state of effectiveness.
+ #[inline(always)]
+ fn find(
+ &self,
+ state: &mut PrefilterState,
+ haystack: &[u8],
+ ) -> Option<usize> {
+ use self::SearcherKind::*;
+
+ let needle = self.needle();
+ if haystack.len() < needle.len() {
+ return None;
+ }
+ match self.kind {
+ Empty => Some(0),
+ OneByte(b) => crate::memchr(b, haystack),
+ TwoWay(ref tw) => {
+ // For very short haystacks (e.g., where the prefilter probably
+ // can't run), it's faster to just run RK.
+ if rabinkarp::is_fast(haystack, needle) {
+ rabinkarp::find_with(&self.ninfo.nhash, haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ self.find_tw(tw, state, haystack, needle)
+ }
+ }
+ #[cfg(all(not(miri), memchr_runtime_simd))]
+ GenericSIMD128(ref gs) => {
+ // The SIMD matcher can't handle particularly short haystacks,
+ // so we fall back to RK in these cases.
+ if haystack.len() < gs.min_haystack_len() {
+ rabinkarp::find_with(&self.ninfo.nhash, haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ gs.find(haystack, needle)
+ }
+ }
+ #[cfg(all(
+ not(miri),
+ target_arch = "x86_64",
+ memchr_runtime_simd
+ ))]
+ GenericSIMD256(ref gs) => {
+ // The SIMD matcher can't handle particularly short haystacks,
+ // so we fall back to RK in these cases.
+ if haystack.len() < gs.min_haystack_len() {
+ rabinkarp::find_with(&self.ninfo.nhash, haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ gs.find(haystack, needle)
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Calls Two-Way on the given haystack/needle.
+ ///
+ /// This is marked as unlineable since it seems to have a better overall
+ /// effect on benchmarks. However, this is one of those cases where
+ /// inlining it results an improvement in other benchmarks too, so I
+ /// suspect we just don't have enough data yet to make the right call here.
+ ///
+ /// I suspect the main problem is that this function contains two different
+ /// inlined copies of Two-Way: one with and one without prefilters enabled.
+ #[inline(never)]
+ fn find_tw(
+ &self,
+ tw: &twoway::Forward,
+ state: &mut PrefilterState,
+ haystack: &[u8],
+ needle: &[u8],
+ ) -> Option<usize> {
+ if let Some(prefn) = self.prefn {
+ // We used to look at the length of a haystack here. That is, if
+ // it was too small, then don't bother with the prefilter. But two
+ // things changed: the prefilter falls back to memchr for small
+ // haystacks, and, above, Rabin-Karp is employed for tiny haystacks
+ // anyway.
+ if state.is_effective() {
+ let mut pre = Pre { state, prefn, ninfo: &self.ninfo };
+ return tw.find(Some(&mut pre), haystack, needle);
+ }
+ }
+ tw.find(None, haystack, needle)
+ }
+}
+
+impl NeedleInfo {
+ pub(crate) fn new(needle: &[u8]) -> NeedleInfo {
+ NeedleInfo {
+ rarebytes: RareNeedleBytes::forward(needle),
+ nhash: NeedleHash::forward(needle),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// The internal implementation of a reverse substring searcher.
+///
+/// See the forward searcher docs for more details. Currently, the reverse
+/// searcher is considerably simpler since it lacks prefilter support. This
+/// was done because it adds a lot of code, and more surface area to test. And
+/// in particular, it's not clear whether a prefilter on reverse searching is
+/// worth it. (If you have a compelling use case, please file an issue!)
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct SearcherRev<'n> {
+ /// The actual needle we're searching for.
+ needle: CowBytes<'n>,
+ /// A Rabin-Karp hash of the needle.
+ nhash: NeedleHash,
+ /// The actual substring implementation in use.
+ kind: SearcherRevKind,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+enum SearcherRevKind {
+ /// A special case for empty needles. An empty needle always matches, even
+ /// in an empty haystack.
+ Empty,
+ /// This is used whenever the needle is a single byte. In this case, we
+ /// always use memchr.
+ OneByte(u8),
+ /// Two-Way is the generic work horse and is what provides our additive
+ /// linear time guarantee. In general, it's used when the needle is bigger
+ /// than 8 bytes or so.
+ TwoWay(twoway::Reverse),
+}
+
+impl<'n> SearcherRev<'n> {
+ fn new(needle: &'n [u8]) -> SearcherRev<'n> {
+ use self::SearcherRevKind::*;
+
+ let kind = if needle.len() == 0 {
+ Empty
+ } else if needle.len() == 1 {
+ OneByte(needle[0])
+ } else {
+ TwoWay(twoway::Reverse::new(needle))
+ };
+ SearcherRev {
+ needle: CowBytes::new(needle),
+ nhash: NeedleHash::reverse(needle),
+ kind,
+ }
+ }
+
+ fn needle(&self) -> &[u8] {
+ self.needle.as_slice()
+ }
+
+ fn as_ref(&self) -> SearcherRev<'_> {
+ use self::SearcherRevKind::*;
+
+ let kind = match self.kind {
+ Empty => Empty,
+ OneByte(b) => OneByte(b),
+ TwoWay(tw) => TwoWay(tw),
+ };
+ SearcherRev {
+ needle: CowBytes::new(self.needle()),
+ nhash: self.nhash,
+ kind,
+ }
+ }
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "std")]
+ fn into_owned(self) -> SearcherRev<'static> {
+ use self::SearcherRevKind::*;
+
+ let kind = match self.kind {
+ Empty => Empty,
+ OneByte(b) => OneByte(b),
+ TwoWay(tw) => TwoWay(tw),
+ };
+ SearcherRev {
+ needle: self.needle.into_owned(),
+ nhash: self.nhash,
+ kind,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Implements reverse substring search by selecting the implementation
+ /// chosen at construction and executing it on the given haystack with the
+ /// prefilter's current state of effectiveness.
+ #[inline(always)]
+ fn rfind(&self, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ use self::SearcherRevKind::*;
+
+ let needle = self.needle();
+ if haystack.len() < needle.len() {
+ return None;
+ }
+ match self.kind {
+ Empty => Some(haystack.len()),
+ OneByte(b) => crate::memrchr(b, haystack),
+ TwoWay(ref tw) => {
+ // For very short haystacks (e.g., where the prefilter probably
+ // can't run), it's faster to just run RK.
+ if rabinkarp::is_fast(haystack, needle) {
+ rabinkarp::rfind_with(&self.nhash, haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ tw.rfind(haystack, needle)
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// This module defines some generic quickcheck properties useful for testing
+/// any substring search algorithm. It also runs those properties for the
+/// top-level public API memmem routines. (The properties are also used to
+/// test various substring search implementations more granularly elsewhere as
+/// well.)
+#[cfg(all(test, feature = "std", not(miri)))]
+mod proptests {
+ // N.B. This defines the quickcheck tests using the properties defined
+ // below. Because of macro-visibility weirdness, the actual macro is
+ // defined at the top of this file.
+ define_memmem_quickcheck_tests!(super::find, super::rfind);
+
+ /// Check that every prefix of the given byte string is a substring.
+ pub(crate) fn prefix_is_substring(
+ reverse: bool,
+ bs: &[u8],
+ mut search: impl FnMut(&[u8], &[u8]) -> Option<usize>,
+ ) -> bool {
+ if bs.is_empty() {
+ return true;
+ }
+ for i in 0..(bs.len() - 1) {
+ let prefix = &bs[..i];
+ if reverse {
+ assert_eq!(naive_rfind(bs, prefix), search(bs, prefix));
+ } else {
+ assert_eq!(naive_find(bs, prefix), search(bs, prefix));
+ }
+ }
+ true
+ }
+
+ /// Check that every suffix of the given byte string is a substring.
+ pub(crate) fn suffix_is_substring(
+ reverse: bool,
+ bs: &[u8],
+ mut search: impl FnMut(&[u8], &[u8]) -> Option<usize>,
+ ) -> bool {
+ if bs.is_empty() {
+ return true;
+ }
+ for i in 0..(bs.len() - 1) {
+ let suffix = &bs[i..];
+ if reverse {
+ assert_eq!(naive_rfind(bs, suffix), search(bs, suffix));
+ } else {
+ assert_eq!(naive_find(bs, suffix), search(bs, suffix));
+ }
+ }
+ true
+ }
+
+ /// Check that naive substring search matches the result of the given search
+ /// algorithm.
+ pub(crate) fn matches_naive(
+ reverse: bool,
+ haystack: &[u8],
+ needle: &[u8],
+ mut search: impl FnMut(&[u8], &[u8]) -> Option<usize>,
+ ) -> bool {
+ if reverse {
+ naive_rfind(haystack, needle) == search(haystack, needle)
+ } else {
+ naive_find(haystack, needle) == search(haystack, needle)
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Naively search forwards for the given needle in the given haystack.
+ fn naive_find(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ if needle.is_empty() {
+ return Some(0);
+ } else if haystack.len() < needle.len() {
+ return None;
+ }
+ for i in 0..(haystack.len() - needle.len() + 1) {
+ if needle == &haystack[i..i + needle.len()] {
+ return Some(i);
+ }
+ }
+ None
+ }
+
+ /// Naively search in reverse for the given needle in the given haystack.
+ fn naive_rfind(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+ if needle.is_empty() {
+ return Some(haystack.len());
+ } else if haystack.len() < needle.len() {
+ return None;
+ }
+ for i in (0..(haystack.len() - needle.len() + 1)).rev() {
+ if needle == &haystack[i..i + needle.len()] {
+ return Some(i);
+ }
+ }
+ None
+ }
+}
+
+/// This module defines some hand-written "simple" substring tests. It
+/// also provides routines for easily running them on any substring search
+/// implementation.
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod testsimples {
+ define_memmem_simple_tests!(super::find, super::rfind);
+
+ /// Each test is a (needle, haystack, expected_fwd, expected_rev) tuple.
+ type SearchTest =
+ (&'static str, &'static str, Option<usize>, Option<usize>);
+
+ const SEARCH_TESTS: &'static [SearchTest] = &[
+ ("", "", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("", "a", Some(0), Some(1)),
+ ("", "ab", Some(0), Some(2)),
+ ("", "abc", Some(0), Some(3)),
+ ("a", "", None, None),
+ ("a", "a", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("a", "aa", Some(0), Some(1)),
+ ("a", "ba", Some(1), Some(1)),
+ ("a", "bba", Some(2), Some(2)),
+ ("a", "bbba", Some(3), Some(3)),
+ ("a", "bbbab", Some(3), Some(3)),
+ ("a", "bbbabb", Some(3), Some(3)),
+ ("a", "bbbabbb", Some(3), Some(3)),
+ ("a", "bbbbbb", None, None),
+ ("ab", "", None, None),
+ ("ab", "a", None, None),
+ ("ab", "b", None, None),
+ ("ab", "ab", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("ab", "aab", Some(1), Some(1)),
+ ("ab", "aaab", Some(2), Some(2)),
+ ("ab", "abaab", Some(0), Some(3)),
+ ("ab", "baaab", Some(3), Some(3)),
+ ("ab", "acb", None, None),
+ ("ab", "abba", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("abc", "ab", None, None),
+ ("abc", "abc", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("abc", "abcz", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("abc", "abczz", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("abc", "zabc", Some(1), Some(1)),
+ ("abc", "zzabc", Some(2), Some(2)),
+ ("abc", "azbc", None, None),
+ ("abc", "abzc", None, None),
+ ("abczdef", "abczdefzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("abczdef", "zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzabczdef", Some(20), Some(20)),
+ ("xyz", "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaxyz", Some(32), Some(32)),
+ // Failures caught by quickcheck.
+ ("\u{0}\u{15}", "\u{0}\u{15}\u{15}\u{0}", Some(0), Some(0)),
+ ("\u{0}\u{1e}", "\u{1e}\u{0}", None, None),
+ ];
+
+ /// Run the substring search tests. `search` should be a closure that
+ /// accepts a haystack and a needle and returns the starting position
+ /// of the first occurrence of needle in the haystack, or `None` if one
+ /// doesn't exist.
+ pub(crate) fn run_search_tests_fwd(
+ mut search: impl FnMut(&[u8], &[u8]) -> Option<usize>,
+ ) {
+ for &(needle, haystack, expected_fwd, _) in SEARCH_TESTS {
+ let (n, h) = (needle.as_bytes(), haystack.as_bytes());
+ assert_eq!(
+ expected_fwd,
+ search(h, n),
+ "needle: {:?}, haystack: {:?}, expected: {:?}",
+ n,
+ h,
+ expected_fwd
+ );
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Run the substring search tests. `search` should be a closure that
+ /// accepts a haystack and a needle and returns the starting position of
+ /// the last occurrence of needle in the haystack, or `None` if one doesn't
+ /// exist.
+ pub(crate) fn run_search_tests_rev(
+ mut search: impl FnMut(&[u8], &[u8]) -> Option<usize>,
+ ) {
+ for &(needle, haystack, _, expected_rev) in SEARCH_TESTS {
+ let (n, h) = (needle.as_bytes(), haystack.as_bytes());
+ assert_eq!(
+ expected_rev,
+ search(h, n),
+ "needle: {:?}, haystack: {:?}, expected: {:?}",
+ n,
+ h,
+ expected_rev
+ );
+ }
+ }
+}
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-08-26 11:11:37 +0000