// run-rustfix // aux-build:macro_rules.rs #![warn(clippy::needless_lifetimes)] #![allow( unused, clippy::boxed_local, clippy::extra_unused_type_parameters, clippy::needless_pass_by_value, clippy::unnecessary_wraps, dyn_drop, clippy::get_first )] #[macro_use] extern crate macro_rules; fn distinct_lifetimes<'a, 'b>(_x: &'a u8, _y: &'b u8, _z: u8) {} fn distinct_and_static<'a, 'b>(_x: &'a u8, _y: &'b u8, _z: &'static u8) {} // No error; same lifetime on two params. fn same_lifetime_on_input<'a>(_x: &'a u8, _y: &'a u8) {} // No error; static involved. fn only_static_on_input(_x: &u8, _y: &u8, _z: &'static u8) {} fn mut_and_static_input(_x: &mut u8, _y: &'static str) {} fn in_and_out<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: u8) -> &'a u8 { x } // No error; multiple input refs. fn multiple_in_and_out_1<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: &'a u8) -> &'a u8 { x } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn multiple_in_and_out_2a<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: &u8) -> &'a u8 // ^^^ fn multiple_in_and_out_2a<'a, 'b>(x: &'a u8, _y: &'b u8) -> &'a u8 { x } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn multiple_in_and_out_2b<'b>(_x: &u8, y: &'b u8) -> &'b u8 // ^^^ fn multiple_in_and_out_2b<'a, 'b>(_x: &'a u8, y: &'b u8) -> &'b u8 { y } // No error; multiple input refs async fn func<'a>(args: &[&'a str]) -> Option<&'a str> { args.get(0).cloned() } // No error; static involved. fn in_static_and_out<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: &'static u8) -> &'a u8 { x } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn deep_reference_1a<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: &u8) -> Result<&'a u8, ()> // ^^^ fn deep_reference_1a<'a, 'b>(x: &'a u8, _y: &'b u8) -> Result<&'a u8, ()> { Ok(x) } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn deep_reference_1b<'b>(_x: &u8, y: &'b u8) -> Result<&'b u8, ()> // ^^^ fn deep_reference_1b<'a, 'b>(_x: &'a u8, y: &'b u8) -> Result<&'b u8, ()> { Ok(y) } // No error; two input refs. fn deep_reference_2<'a>(x: Result<&'a u8, &'a u8>) -> &'a u8 { x.unwrap() } fn deep_reference_3<'a>(x: &'a u8, _y: u8) -> Result<&'a u8, ()> { Ok(x) } // Where-clause, but without lifetimes. fn where_clause_without_lt<'a, T>(x: &'a u8, _y: u8) -> Result<&'a u8, ()> where T: Copy, { Ok(x) } type Ref<'r> = &'r u8; // No error; same lifetime on two params. fn lifetime_param_1<'a>(_x: Ref<'a>, _y: &'a u8) {} fn lifetime_param_2<'a, 'b>(_x: Ref<'a>, _y: &'b u8) {} // No error; bounded lifetime. fn lifetime_param_3<'a, 'b: 'a>(_x: Ref<'a>, _y: &'b u8) {} // No error; bounded lifetime. fn lifetime_param_4<'a, 'b>(_x: Ref<'a>, _y: &'b u8) where 'b: 'a, { } struct Lt<'a, I: 'static> { x: &'a I, } // No error; fn bound references `'a`. fn fn_bound<'a, F, I>(_m: Lt<'a, I>, _f: F) -> Lt<'a, I> where F: Fn(Lt<'a, I>) -> Lt<'a, I>, { unreachable!() } fn fn_bound_2<'a, F, I>(_m: Lt<'a, I>, _f: F) -> Lt<'a, I> where for<'x> F: Fn(Lt<'x, I>) -> Lt<'x, I>, { unreachable!() } // No error; see below. fn fn_bound_3<'a, F: FnOnce(&'a i32)>(x: &'a i32, f: F) { f(x); } fn fn_bound_3_cannot_elide() { let x = 42; let p = &x; let mut q = &x; // This will fail if we elide lifetimes of `fn_bound_3`. fn_bound_3(p, |y| q = y); } // No error; multiple input refs. fn fn_bound_4<'a, F: FnOnce() -> &'a ()>(cond: bool, x: &'a (), f: F) -> &'a () { if cond { x } else { f() } } struct X { x: u8, } impl X { fn self_and_out<'s>(&'s self) -> &'s u8 { &self.x } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn self_and_in_out_1<'s>(&'s self, _x: &u8) -> &'s u8 // ^^^ fn self_and_in_out_1<'s, 't>(&'s self, _x: &'t u8) -> &'s u8 { &self.x } // Error; multiple input refs, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is valid: // fn self_and_in_out_2<'t>(&self, x: &'t u8) -> &'t u8 // ^^^^^ fn self_and_in_out_2<'s, 't>(&'s self, x: &'t u8) -> &'t u8 { x } fn distinct_self_and_in<'s, 't>(&'s self, _x: &'t u8) {} // No error; same lifetimes on two params. fn self_and_same_in<'s>(&'s self, _x: &'s u8) {} } struct Foo<'a>(&'a u8); impl<'a> Foo<'a> { // No error; lifetime `'a` not defined in method. fn self_shared_lifetime(&self, _: &'a u8) {} // No error; bounds exist. fn self_bound_lifetime<'b: 'a>(&self, _: &'b u8) {} } fn already_elided<'a>(_: &u8, _: &'a u8) -> &'a u8 { unimplemented!() } fn struct_with_lt<'a>(_foo: Foo<'a>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // No warning; two input lifetimes (named on the reference, anonymous on `Foo`). fn struct_with_lt2<'a>(_foo: &'a Foo) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // No warning; two input lifetimes (anonymous on the reference, named on `Foo`). fn struct_with_lt3<'a>(_foo: &Foo<'a>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // Warning; two input lifetimes, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is // valid: // fn struct_with_lt4a<'a>(_foo: &'a Foo<'_>) -> &'a str // ^^ fn struct_with_lt4a<'a, 'b>(_foo: &'a Foo<'b>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // Warning; two input lifetimes, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is // valid: // fn struct_with_lt4b<'b>(_foo: &Foo<'b>) -> &'b str // ^^^^ fn struct_with_lt4b<'a, 'b>(_foo: &'a Foo<'b>) -> &'b str { unimplemented!() } trait WithLifetime<'a> {} type WithLifetimeAlias<'a> = dyn WithLifetime<'a>; // Should not warn because it won't build without the lifetime. fn trait_obj_elided<'a>(_arg: &'a dyn WithLifetime) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // Should warn because there is no lifetime on `Drop`, so this would be // unambiguous if we elided the lifetime. fn trait_obj_elided2<'a>(_arg: &'a dyn Drop) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } type FooAlias<'a> = Foo<'a>; fn alias_with_lt<'a>(_foo: FooAlias<'a>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // No warning; two input lifetimes (named on the reference, anonymous on `FooAlias`). fn alias_with_lt2<'a>(_foo: &'a FooAlias) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // No warning; two input lifetimes (anonymous on the reference, named on `FooAlias`). fn alias_with_lt3<'a>(_foo: &FooAlias<'a>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // Warning; two input lifetimes, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is // valid: // fn alias_with_lt4a<'a>(_foo: &'a FooAlias<'_>) -> &'a str // ^^ fn alias_with_lt4a<'a, 'b>(_foo: &'a FooAlias<'b>) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } // Warning; two input lifetimes, but the output lifetime is not elided, i.e., the following is // valid: // fn alias_with_lt4b<'b>(_foo: &FooAlias<'b>) -> &'b str // ^^^^^^^^^ fn alias_with_lt4b<'a, 'b>(_foo: &'a FooAlias<'b>) -> &'b str { unimplemented!() } fn named_input_elided_output<'a>(_arg: &'a str) -> &str { unimplemented!() } fn elided_input_named_output<'a>(_arg: &str) -> &'a str { unimplemented!() } fn trait_bound_ok<'a, T: WithLifetime<'static>>(_: &'a u8, _: T) { unimplemented!() } fn trait_bound<'a, T: WithLifetime<'a>>(_: &'a u8, _: T) { unimplemented!() } // Don't warn on these; see issue #292. fn trait_bound_bug<'a, T: WithLifetime<'a>>() { unimplemented!() } // See issue #740. struct Test { vec: Vec, } impl Test { fn iter<'a>(&'a self) -> Box + 'a> { unimplemented!() } } trait LintContext<'a> {} fn f<'a, T: LintContext<'a>>(_: &T) {} fn test<'a>(x: &'a [u8]) -> u8 { let y: &'a u8 = &x[5]; *y } // Issue #3284: give hint regarding lifetime in return type. struct Cow<'a> { x: &'a str, } fn out_return_type_lts<'a>(e: &'a str) -> Cow<'a> { unimplemented!() } // Make sure we still warn on implementations mod issue4291 { trait BadTrait { fn needless_lt<'a>(x: &'a u8) {} } impl BadTrait for () { fn needless_lt<'a>(_x: &'a u8) {} } } mod issue2944 { trait Foo {} struct Bar; struct Baz<'a> { bar: &'a Bar, } impl<'a> Foo for Baz<'a> {} impl Bar { fn baz<'a>(&'a self) -> impl Foo + 'a { Baz { bar: self } } } } mod nested_elision_sites { // issue #issue2944 // closure trait bounds subject to nested elision // don't lint because they refer to outer lifetimes fn trait_fn<'a>(i: &'a i32) -> impl Fn() -> &'a i32 { move || i } fn trait_fn_mut<'a>(i: &'a i32) -> impl FnMut() -> &'a i32 { move || i } fn trait_fn_once<'a>(i: &'a i32) -> impl FnOnce() -> &'a i32 { move || i } // don't lint fn impl_trait_in_input_position<'a>(f: impl Fn() -> &'a i32) -> &'a i32 { f() } fn impl_trait_in_output_position<'a>(i: &'a i32) -> impl Fn() -> &'a i32 { move || i } // lint fn impl_trait_elidable_nested_named_lifetimes<'a>(i: &'a i32, f: impl for<'b> Fn(&'b i32) -> &'b i32) -> &'a i32 { f(i) } fn impl_trait_elidable_nested_anonymous_lifetimes<'a>(i: &'a i32, f: impl Fn(&i32) -> &i32) -> &'a i32 { f(i) } // don't lint fn generics_not_elidable<'a, T: Fn() -> &'a i32>(f: T) -> &'a i32 { f() } // lint fn generics_elidable<'a, T: Fn(&i32) -> &i32>(i: &'a i32, f: T) -> &'a i32 { f(i) } // don't lint fn where_clause_not_elidable<'a, T>(f: T) -> &'a i32 where T: Fn() -> &'a i32, { f() } // lint fn where_clause_elidadable<'a, T>(i: &'a i32, f: T) -> &'a i32 where T: Fn(&i32) -> &i32, { f(i) } // don't lint fn pointer_fn_in_input_position<'a>(f: fn(&'a i32) -> &'a i32, i: &'a i32) -> &'a i32 { f(i) } fn pointer_fn_in_output_position<'a>(_: &'a i32) -> fn(&'a i32) -> &'a i32 { |i| i } // lint fn pointer_fn_elidable<'a>(i: &'a i32, f: fn(&i32) -> &i32) -> &'a i32 { f(i) } // don't lint fn nested_fn_pointer_1<'a>(_: &'a i32) -> fn(fn(&'a i32) -> &'a i32) -> i32 { |f| 42 } fn nested_fn_pointer_2<'a>(_: &'a i32) -> impl Fn(fn(&'a i32)) { |f| () } // lint fn nested_fn_pointer_3<'a>(_: &'a i32) -> fn(fn(&i32) -> &i32) -> i32 { |f| 42 } fn nested_fn_pointer_4<'a>(_: &'a i32) -> impl Fn(fn(&i32)) { |f| () } } mod issue6159 { use std::ops::Deref; pub fn apply_deref<'a, T, F, R>(x: &'a T, f: F) -> R where T: Deref, F: FnOnce(&'a T::Target) -> R, { f(x.deref()) } } mod issue7296 { use std::rc::Rc; use std::sync::Arc; struct Foo; impl Foo { fn implicit<'a>(&'a self) -> &'a () { &() } fn implicit_mut<'a>(&'a mut self) -> &'a () { &() } fn explicit<'a>(self: &'a Arc) -> &'a () { &() } fn explicit_mut<'a>(self: &'a mut Rc) -> &'a () { &() } fn lifetime_elsewhere<'a>(self: Box, here: &'a ()) -> &'a () { &() } } trait Bar { fn implicit<'a>(&'a self) -> &'a (); fn implicit_provided<'a>(&'a self) -> &'a () { &() } fn explicit<'a>(self: &'a Arc) -> &'a (); fn explicit_provided<'a>(self: &'a Arc) -> &'a () { &() } fn lifetime_elsewhere<'a>(self: Box, here: &'a ()) -> &'a (); fn lifetime_elsewhere_provided<'a>(self: Box, here: &'a ()) -> &'a () { &() } } } mod pr_9743_false_negative_fix { #![allow(unused)] fn foo<'a>(x: &'a u8, y: &'_ u8) {} fn bar<'a>(x: &'a u8, y: &'_ u8, z: &'_ u8) {} } mod pr_9743_output_lifetime_checks { #![allow(unused)] // lint: only one input fn one_input<'a>(x: &'a u8) -> &'a u8 { unimplemented!() } // lint: multiple inputs, output would not be elided fn multiple_inputs_output_not_elided<'a, 'b>(x: &'a u8, y: &'b u8, z: &'b u8) -> &'b u8 { unimplemented!() } // don't lint: multiple inputs, output would be elided (which would create an ambiguity) fn multiple_inputs_output_would_be_elided<'a, 'b>(x: &'a u8, y: &'b u8, z: &'b u8) -> &'a u8 { unimplemented!() } } mod in_macro { macro_rules! local_one_input_macro { () => { fn one_input<'a>(x: &'a u8) -> &'a u8 { unimplemented!() } }; } // lint local macro expands to function with needless lifetimes local_one_input_macro!(); // no lint on external macro macro_rules::needless_lifetime!(); macro_rules! expanded_lifetime { ($l:lifetime) => { fn f<$l>(arg: &$l str) -> &$l str { arg } } } expanded_lifetime!('a); } mod issue5787 { use std::sync::MutexGuard; struct Foo; impl Foo { // doesn't get linted without async pub async fn wait<'a, T>(&self, guard: MutexGuard<'a, T>) -> MutexGuard<'a, T> { guard } } async fn foo<'a>(_x: &i32, y: &'a str) -> &'a str { y } } fn main() {}