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|
//! Minimalistic snapshot testing for Rust.
//!
//! # Introduction
//!
//! `expect_test` is a small addition over plain `assert_eq!` testing approach,
//! which allows to automatically update tests results.
//!
//! The core of the library is the `expect!` macro. It can be though of as a
//! super-charged string literal, which can update itself.
//!
//! Let's see an example:
//!
//! ```no_run
//! use expect_test::expect;
//!
//! let actual = 2 + 2;
//! let expected = expect!["5"]; // or expect![["5"]]
//! expected.assert_eq(&actual.to_string())
//! ```
//!
//! Running this code will produce a test failure, as `"5"` is indeed not equal
//! to `"4"`. Running the test with `UPDATE_EXPECT=1` env variable however would
//! "magically" update the code to:
//!
//! ```no_run
//! # use expect_test::expect;
//! let actual = 2 + 2;
//! let expected = expect!["4"];
//! expected.assert_eq(&actual.to_string())
//! ```
//!
//! This becomes very useful when you have a lot of tests with verbose and
//! potentially changing expected output.
//!
//! Under the hood, the `expect!` macro uses `file!`, `line!` and `column!` to
//! record source position at compile time. At runtime, this position is used
//! to patch the file in-place, if `UPDATE_EXPECT` is set.
//!
//! # Guide
//!
//! `expect!` returns an instance of `Expect` struct, which holds position
//! information and a string literal. Use `Expect::assert_eq` for string
//! comparison. Use `Expect::assert_debug_eq` for verbose debug comparison. Note
//! that leading indentation is automatically removed.
//!
//! ```
//! use expect_test::expect;
//!
//! #[derive(Debug)]
//! struct Foo {
//! value: i32,
//! }
//!
//! let actual = Foo { value: 92 };
//! let expected = expect![["
//! Foo {
//! value: 92,
//! }
//! "]];
//! expected.assert_debug_eq(&actual);
//! ```
//!
//! Be careful with `assert_debug_eq` - in general, stability of the debug
//! representation is not guaranteed. However, even if it changes, you can
//! quickly update all the tests by running the test suite with `UPDATE_EXPECT`
//! environmental variable set.
//!
//! If the expected data is too verbose to include inline, you can store it in
//! an external file using the `expect_file!` macro:
//!
//! ```no_run
//! use expect_test::expect_file;
//!
//! let actual = 42;
//! let expected = expect_file!["./the-answer.txt"];
//! expected.assert_eq(&actual.to_string());
//! ```
//!
//! File path is relative to the current file.
//!
//! # Suggested Workflows
//!
//! I like to use data-driven tests with `expect_test`. I usually define a
//! single driver function `check` and then call it from individual tests:
//!
//! ```
//! use expect_test::{expect, Expect};
//!
//! fn check(actual: i32, expect: Expect) {
//! let actual = actual.to_string();
//! expect.assert_eq(&actual);
//! }
//!
//! #[test]
//! fn test_addition() {
//! check(90 + 2, expect![["92"]]);
//! }
//!
//! #[test]
//! fn test_multiplication() {
//! check(46 * 2, expect![["92"]]);
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Each test's body is a single call to `check`. All the variation in tests
//! comes from the input data.
//!
//! When writing a new test, I usually copy-paste an old one, leave the `expect`
//! blank and use `UPDATE_EXPECT` to fill the value for me:
//!
//! ```
//! # use expect_test::{expect, Expect};
//! # fn check(_: i32, _: Expect) {}
//! #[test]
//! fn test_division() {
//! check(92 / 2, expect![[]])
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! See
//! https://blog.janestreet.com/using-ascii-waveforms-to-test-hardware-designs/
//! for a cool example of snapshot testing in the wild!
//!
//! # Alternatives
//!
//! * [insta](https://crates.io/crates/insta) - a more feature full snapshot
//! testing library.
//! * [k9](https://crates.io/crates/k9) - a testing library which includes
//! support for snapshot testing among other things.
//!
//! # Maintenance status
//!
//! The main customer of this library is rust-analyzer. The library is stable,
//! it is planned to not release any major versions past 1.0.
//!
//! ## Minimal Supported Rust Version
//!
//! This crate's minimum supported `rustc` version is `1.45.0`. MSRV is updated
//! conservatively, supporting roughly 10 minor versions of `rustc`. MSRV bump
//! is not considered semver breaking, but will require at least minor version
//! bump.
use std::{
collections::HashMap,
convert::TryInto,
env, fmt, fs, mem,
ops::Range,
panic,
path::{Path, PathBuf},
sync::Mutex,
};
use once_cell::sync::{Lazy, OnceCell};
const HELP: &str = "
You can update all `expect!` tests by running:
env UPDATE_EXPECT=1 cargo test
To update a single test, place the cursor on `expect` token and use `run` feature of rust-analyzer.
";
fn update_expect() -> bool {
env::var("UPDATE_EXPECT").is_ok()
}
/// Creates an instance of `Expect` from string literal:
///
/// ```
/// # use expect_test::expect;
/// expect![["
/// Foo { value: 92 }
/// "]];
/// expect![r#"{"Foo": 92}"#];
/// ```
///
/// Leading indentation is stripped.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! expect {
[$data:literal] => { $crate::expect![[$data]] };
[[$data:literal]] => {$crate::Expect {
position: $crate::Position {
file: file!(),
line: line!(),
column: column!(),
},
data: $data,
indent: true,
}};
[] => { $crate::expect![[""]] };
[[]] => { $crate::expect![[""]] };
}
/// Creates an instance of `ExpectFile` from relative or absolute path:
///
/// ```
/// # use expect_test::expect_file;
/// expect_file!["./test_data/bar.html"];
/// ```
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! expect_file {
[$path:expr] => {$crate::ExpectFile {
path: std::path::PathBuf::from($path),
position: file!(),
}};
}
/// Self-updating string literal.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Expect {
#[doc(hidden)]
pub position: Position,
#[doc(hidden)]
pub data: &'static str,
#[doc(hidden)]
pub indent: bool,
}
/// Self-updating file.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ExpectFile {
#[doc(hidden)]
pub path: PathBuf,
#[doc(hidden)]
pub position: &'static str,
}
/// Position of original `expect!` in the source file.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Position {
#[doc(hidden)]
pub file: &'static str,
#[doc(hidden)]
pub line: u32,
#[doc(hidden)]
pub column: u32,
}
impl fmt::Display for Position {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}:{}:{}", self.file, self.line, self.column)
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
enum StrLitKind {
Normal,
Raw(usize),
}
impl StrLitKind {
fn write_start(self, w: &mut impl std::fmt::Write) -> std::fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Normal => write!(w, "\""),
Self::Raw(n) => {
write!(w, "r")?;
for _ in 0..n {
write!(w, "#")?;
}
write!(w, "\"")
}
}
}
fn write_end(self, w: &mut impl std::fmt::Write) -> std::fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Normal => write!(w, "\""),
Self::Raw(n) => {
write!(w, "\"")?;
for _ in 0..n {
write!(w, "#")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
}
}
impl Expect {
/// Checks if this expect is equal to `actual`.
pub fn assert_eq(&self, actual: &str) {
let trimmed = self.trimmed();
if trimmed == actual {
return;
}
Runtime::fail_expect(self, &trimmed, actual);
}
/// Checks if this expect is equal to `format!("{:#?}", actual)`.
pub fn assert_debug_eq(&self, actual: &impl fmt::Debug) {
let actual = format!("{:#?}\n", actual);
self.assert_eq(&actual)
}
/// If `true` (default), in-place update will indent the string literal.
pub fn indent(&mut self, yes: bool) {
self.indent = yes;
}
/// Returns the content of this expect.
pub fn data(&self) -> &str {
self.data
}
fn trimmed(&self) -> String {
if !self.data.contains('\n') {
return self.data.to_string();
}
trim_indent(self.data)
}
fn locate(&self, file: &str) -> Location {
let mut target_line = None;
let mut line_start = 0;
for (i, line) in lines_with_ends(file).enumerate() {
if i == self.position.line as usize - 1 {
// `column` points to the first character of the macro invocation:
//
// expect![[r#""#]] expect![""]
// ^ ^ ^ ^
// column offset offset
//
// Seek past the exclam, then skip any whitespace and
// the macro delimiter to get to our argument.
let byte_offset = line
.char_indices()
.skip((self.position.column - 1).try_into().unwrap())
.skip_while(|&(_, c)| c != '!')
.skip(1) // !
.skip_while(|&(_, c)| c.is_whitespace())
.skip(1) // [({
.skip_while(|&(_, c)| c.is_whitespace())
.next()
.expect("Failed to parse macro invocation")
.0;
let literal_start = line_start + byte_offset;
let indent = line.chars().take_while(|&it| it == ' ').count();
target_line = Some((literal_start, indent));
break;
}
line_start += line.len();
}
let (literal_start, line_indent) = target_line.unwrap();
let lit_to_eof = &file[literal_start..];
let lit_to_eof_trimmed = lit_to_eof.trim_start();
let literal_start = literal_start + (lit_to_eof.len() - lit_to_eof_trimmed.len());
let literal_len =
locate_end(lit_to_eof_trimmed).expect("Couldn't find closing delimiter for `expect!`.");
let literal_range = literal_start..literal_start + literal_len;
Location { line_indent, literal_range }
}
}
fn locate_end(arg_start_to_eof: &str) -> Option<usize> {
match arg_start_to_eof.chars().next()? {
c if c.is_whitespace() => panic!("skip whitespace before calling `locate_end`"),
// expect![[]]
'[' => {
let str_start_to_eof = arg_start_to_eof[1..].trim_start();
let str_len = find_str_lit_len(str_start_to_eof)?;
let str_end_to_eof = &str_start_to_eof[str_len..];
let closing_brace_offset = str_end_to_eof.find(']')?;
Some((arg_start_to_eof.len() - str_end_to_eof.len()) + closing_brace_offset + 1)
}
// expect![] | expect!{} | expect!()
']' | '}' | ')' => Some(0),
// expect!["..."] | expect![r#"..."#]
_ => find_str_lit_len(arg_start_to_eof),
}
}
/// Parses a string literal, returning the byte index of its last character
/// (either a quote or a hash).
fn find_str_lit_len(str_lit_to_eof: &str) -> Option<usize> {
use StrLitKind::*;
fn try_find_n_hashes(
s: &mut impl Iterator<Item = char>,
desired_hashes: usize,
) -> Option<(usize, Option<char>)> {
let mut n = 0;
loop {
match s.next()? {
'#' => n += 1,
c => return Some((n, Some(c))),
}
if n == desired_hashes {
return Some((n, None));
}
}
}
let mut s = str_lit_to_eof.chars();
let kind = match s.next()? {
'"' => Normal,
'r' => {
let (n, c) = try_find_n_hashes(&mut s, usize::MAX)?;
if c != Some('"') {
return None;
}
Raw(n)
}
_ => return None,
};
let mut oldc = None;
loop {
let c = oldc.take().or_else(|| s.next())?;
match (c, kind) {
('\\', Normal) => {
let _escaped = s.next()?;
}
('"', Normal) => break,
('"', Raw(0)) => break,
('"', Raw(n)) => {
let (seen, c) = try_find_n_hashes(&mut s, n)?;
if seen == n {
break;
}
oldc = c;
}
_ => {}
}
}
Some(str_lit_to_eof.len() - s.as_str().len())
}
impl ExpectFile {
/// Checks if file contents is equal to `actual`.
pub fn assert_eq(&self, actual: &str) {
let expected = self.read();
if actual == expected {
return;
}
Runtime::fail_file(self, &expected, actual);
}
/// Checks if file contents is equal to `format!("{:#?}", actual)`.
pub fn assert_debug_eq(&self, actual: &impl fmt::Debug) {
let actual = format!("{:#?}\n", actual);
self.assert_eq(&actual)
}
fn read(&self) -> String {
fs::read_to_string(self.abs_path()).unwrap_or_default().replace("\r\n", "\n")
}
fn write(&self, contents: &str) {
fs::write(self.abs_path(), contents).unwrap()
}
fn abs_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
if self.path.is_absolute() {
self.path.to_owned()
} else {
let dir = Path::new(self.position).parent().unwrap();
to_abs_ws_path(&dir.join(&self.path))
}
}
}
#[derive(Default)]
struct Runtime {
help_printed: bool,
per_file: HashMap<&'static str, FileRuntime>,
}
static RT: Lazy<Mutex<Runtime>> = Lazy::new(Default::default);
impl Runtime {
fn fail_expect(expect: &Expect, expected: &str, actual: &str) {
let mut rt = RT.lock().unwrap_or_else(|poisoned| poisoned.into_inner());
if update_expect() {
println!("\x1b[1m\x1b[92mupdating\x1b[0m: {}", expect.position);
rt.per_file
.entry(expect.position.file)
.or_insert_with(|| FileRuntime::new(expect))
.update(expect, actual);
return;
}
rt.panic(expect.position.to_string(), expected, actual);
}
fn fail_file(expect: &ExpectFile, expected: &str, actual: &str) {
let mut rt = RT.lock().unwrap_or_else(|poisoned| poisoned.into_inner());
if update_expect() {
println!("\x1b[1m\x1b[92mupdating\x1b[0m: {}", expect.path.display());
expect.write(actual);
return;
}
rt.panic(expect.path.display().to_string(), expected, actual);
}
fn panic(&mut self, position: String, expected: &str, actual: &str) {
let print_help = !mem::replace(&mut self.help_printed, true);
let help = if print_help { HELP } else { "" };
let diff = dissimilar::diff(expected, actual);
println!(
"\n
\x1b[1m\x1b[91merror\x1b[97m: expect test failed\x1b[0m
\x1b[1m\x1b[34m-->\x1b[0m {}
{}
\x1b[1mExpect\x1b[0m:
----
{}
----
\x1b[1mActual\x1b[0m:
----
{}
----
\x1b[1mDiff\x1b[0m:
----
{}
----
",
position,
help,
expected,
actual,
format_chunks(diff)
);
// Use resume_unwind instead of panic!() to prevent a backtrace, which is unnecessary noise.
panic::resume_unwind(Box::new(()));
}
}
struct FileRuntime {
path: PathBuf,
original_text: String,
patchwork: Patchwork,
}
impl FileRuntime {
fn new(expect: &Expect) -> FileRuntime {
let path = to_abs_ws_path(Path::new(expect.position.file));
let original_text = fs::read_to_string(&path).unwrap();
let patchwork = Patchwork::new(original_text.clone());
FileRuntime { path, original_text, patchwork }
}
fn update(&mut self, expect: &Expect, actual: &str) {
let loc = expect.locate(&self.original_text);
let desired_indent = if expect.indent { Some(loc.line_indent) } else { None };
let patch = format_patch(desired_indent, actual);
self.patchwork.patch(loc.literal_range, &patch);
fs::write(&self.path, &self.patchwork.text).unwrap()
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Location {
line_indent: usize,
/// The byte range of the argument to `expect!`, including the inner `[]` if it exists.
literal_range: Range<usize>,
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Patchwork {
text: String,
indels: Vec<(Range<usize>, usize)>,
}
impl Patchwork {
fn new(text: String) -> Patchwork {
Patchwork { text, indels: Vec::new() }
}
fn patch(&mut self, mut range: Range<usize>, patch: &str) {
self.indels.push((range.clone(), patch.len()));
self.indels.sort_by_key(|(delete, _insert)| delete.start);
let (delete, insert) = self
.indels
.iter()
.take_while(|(delete, _)| delete.start < range.start)
.map(|(delete, insert)| (delete.end - delete.start, insert))
.fold((0usize, 0usize), |(x1, y1), (x2, y2)| (x1 + x2, y1 + y2));
for pos in &mut [&mut range.start, &mut range.end] {
**pos -= delete;
**pos += insert;
}
self.text.replace_range(range, &patch);
}
}
fn lit_kind_for_patch(patch: &str) -> StrLitKind {
let has_dquote = patch.chars().any(|c| c == '"');
if !has_dquote {
let has_bslash_or_newline = patch.chars().any(|c| matches!(c, '\\' | '\n'));
return if has_bslash_or_newline { StrLitKind::Raw(1) } else { StrLitKind::Normal };
}
// Find the maximum number of hashes that follow a double quote in the string.
// We need to use one more than that to delimit the string.
let leading_hashes = |s: &str| s.chars().take_while(|&c| c == '#').count();
let max_hashes = patch.split('"').map(leading_hashes).max().unwrap();
StrLitKind::Raw(max_hashes + 1)
}
fn format_patch(desired_indent: Option<usize>, patch: &str) -> String {
let lit_kind = lit_kind_for_patch(patch);
let indent = desired_indent.map(|it| " ".repeat(it));
let is_multiline = patch.contains('\n');
let mut buf = String::new();
if matches!(lit_kind, StrLitKind::Raw(_)) {
buf.push('[');
}
lit_kind.write_start(&mut buf).unwrap();
if is_multiline {
buf.push('\n');
}
let mut final_newline = false;
for line in lines_with_ends(patch) {
if is_multiline && !line.trim().is_empty() {
if let Some(indent) = &indent {
buf.push_str(indent);
buf.push_str(" ");
}
}
buf.push_str(line);
final_newline = line.ends_with('\n');
}
if final_newline {
if let Some(indent) = &indent {
buf.push_str(indent);
}
}
lit_kind.write_end(&mut buf).unwrap();
if matches!(lit_kind, StrLitKind::Raw(_)) {
buf.push(']');
}
buf
}
fn to_abs_ws_path(path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
if path.is_absolute() {
return path.to_owned();
}
static WORKSPACE_ROOT: OnceCell<PathBuf> = OnceCell::new();
WORKSPACE_ROOT
.get_or_try_init(|| {
// Until https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/3946 is resolved, this
// is set with a hack like https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/3946#issuecomment-973132993
if let Ok(workspace_root) = env::var("CARGO_WORKSPACE_DIR") {
return Ok(workspace_root.into());
}
// If a hack isn't used, we use a heuristic to find the "top-level" workspace.
// This fails in some cases, see https://github.com/rust-analyzer/expect-test/issues/33
let my_manifest = env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")?;
let workspace_root = Path::new(&my_manifest)
.ancestors()
.filter(|it| it.join("Cargo.toml").exists())
.last()
.unwrap()
.to_path_buf();
Ok(workspace_root)
})
.unwrap_or_else(|_: env::VarError| {
panic!("No CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR env var and the path is relative: {}", path.display())
})
.join(path)
}
fn trim_indent(mut text: &str) -> String {
if text.starts_with('\n') {
text = &text[1..];
}
let indent = text
.lines()
.filter(|it| !it.trim().is_empty())
.map(|it| it.len() - it.trim_start().len())
.min()
.unwrap_or(0);
lines_with_ends(text)
.map(
|line| {
if line.len() <= indent {
line.trim_start_matches(' ')
} else {
&line[indent..]
}
},
)
.collect()
}
fn lines_with_ends(text: &str) -> LinesWithEnds {
LinesWithEnds { text }
}
struct LinesWithEnds<'a> {
text: &'a str,
}
impl<'a> Iterator for LinesWithEnds<'a> {
type Item = &'a str;
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a str> {
if self.text.is_empty() {
return None;
}
let idx = self.text.find('\n').map_or(self.text.len(), |it| it + 1);
let (res, next) = self.text.split_at(idx);
self.text = next;
Some(res)
}
}
fn format_chunks(chunks: Vec<dissimilar::Chunk>) -> String {
let mut buf = String::new();
for chunk in chunks {
let formatted = match chunk {
dissimilar::Chunk::Equal(text) => text.into(),
dissimilar::Chunk::Delete(text) => format!("\x1b[4m\x1b[31m{}\x1b[0m", text),
dissimilar::Chunk::Insert(text) => format!("\x1b[4m\x1b[32m{}\x1b[0m", text),
};
buf.push_str(&formatted);
}
buf
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_trivial_assert() {
expect!["5"].assert_eq("5");
}
#[test]
fn test_format_patch() {
let patch = format_patch(None, "hello\nworld\n");
expect![[r##"
[r#"
hello
world
"#]"##]]
.assert_eq(&patch);
let patch = format_patch(None, r"hello\tworld");
expect![[r##"[r#"hello\tworld"#]"##]].assert_eq(&patch);
let patch = format_patch(None, "{\"foo\": 42}");
expect![[r##"[r#"{"foo": 42}"#]"##]].assert_eq(&patch);
let patch = format_patch(Some(0), "hello\nworld\n");
expect![[r##"
[r#"
hello
world
"#]"##]]
.assert_eq(&patch);
let patch = format_patch(Some(4), "single line");
expect![[r#""single line""#]].assert_eq(&patch);
}
#[test]
fn test_patchwork() {
let mut patchwork = Patchwork::new("one two three".to_string());
patchwork.patch(4..7, "zwei");
patchwork.patch(0..3, "один");
patchwork.patch(8..13, "3");
expect![[r#"
Patchwork {
text: "один zwei 3",
indels: [
(
0..3,
8,
),
(
4..7,
4,
),
(
8..13,
1,
),
],
}
"#]]
.assert_debug_eq(&patchwork);
}
#[test]
fn test_expect_file() {
expect_file!["./lib.rs"].assert_eq(include_str!("./lib.rs"))
}
#[test]
fn smoke_test_indent() {
fn check_indented(input: &str, mut expect: Expect) {
expect.indent(true);
expect.assert_eq(input);
}
fn check_not_indented(input: &str, mut expect: Expect) {
expect.indent(false);
expect.assert_eq(input);
}
check_indented(
"\
line1
line2
",
expect![[r#"
line1
line2
"#]],
);
check_not_indented(
"\
line1
line2
",
expect![[r#"
line1
line2
"#]],
);
}
#[test]
fn test_locate() {
macro_rules! check_locate {
($( [[$s:literal]] ),* $(,)?) => {$({
let lit = stringify!($s);
let with_trailer = format!("{} \t]]\n", lit);
assert_eq!(locate_end(&with_trailer), Some(lit.len()));
})*};
}
// Check that we handle string literals containing "]]" correctly.
check_locate!(
[[r#"{ arr: [[1, 2], [3, 4]], other: "foo" } "#]],
[["]]"]],
[["\"]]"]],
[[r#""]]"#]],
);
// Check `expect![[ ]]` as well.
assert_eq!(locate_end("]]"), Some(0));
}
#[test]
fn test_find_str_lit_len() {
macro_rules! check_str_lit_len {
($( $s:literal ),* $(,)?) => {$({
let lit = stringify!($s);
assert_eq!(find_str_lit_len(lit), Some(lit.len()));
})*}
}
check_str_lit_len![
r##"foa\""#"##,
r##"
asdf][]]""""#
"##,
"",
"\"",
"\"\"",
"#\"#\"#",
];
}
}
|