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# [RustCrypto]: PKCS#8 (Private Keys)
[![crate][crate-image]][crate-link]
[![Docs][docs-image]][docs-link]
[![Build Status][build-image]][build-link]
![Apache2/MIT licensed][license-image]
![Rust Version][rustc-image]
[![Project Chat][chat-image]][chat-link]
Pure Rust implementation of Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #8:
Private-Key Information Syntax Specification ([RFC 5208]).
[Documentation][docs-link]
## About PKCS#8
PKCS#8 is a format for cryptographic private keys, often containing pairs
of private and public keys.
You can identify a PKCS#8 private key encoded as PEM (i.e. text) by the
following:
```text
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
```
PKCS#8 private keys can optionally be encrypted under a password using
key derivation algorithms like PBKDF2 and [scrypt], and encrypted with
ciphers like AES-CBC. When a PKCS#8 private key has been encrypted,
it starts with the following:
```text
-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----
```
PKCS#8 private keys can also be serialized in an ASN.1-based binary format.
The PEM text encoding is a Base64 representation of this format.
## Supported Algorithms
This crate is implemented in an algorithm-agnostic manner with the goal of
enabling PKCS#8 support for any algorithm.
That said, it has been tested for interoperability against keys generated by
OpenSSL for the following algorithms:
- ECC (`id-ecPublicKey`)
- Ed25519 (`id-Ed25519`)
- RSA (`id-rsaEncryption`)
- X25519 (`id-X25519`)
Please open an issue if you encounter trouble using it with a particular
algorithm, including the ones listed above or other algorithms.
## Minimum Supported Rust Version
This crate requires **Rust 1.65** at a minimum.
We may change the MSRV in the future, but it will be accompanied by a minor
version bump.
## License
Licensed under either of:
* [Apache License, Version 2.0](http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
* [MIT license](http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
at your option.
### Contribution
Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
[//]: # (badges)
[crate-image]: https://buildstats.info/crate/pkcs8
[crate-link]: https://crates.io/crates/pkcs8
[docs-image]: https://docs.rs/pkcs8/badge.svg
[docs-link]: https://docs.rs/pkcs8/
[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache2.0/MIT-blue.svg
[rustc-image]: https://img.shields.io/badge/rustc-1.65+-blue.svg
[chat-image]: https://img.shields.io/badge/zulip-join_chat-blue.svg
[chat-link]: https://rustcrypto.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/300570-formats
[build-image]: https://github.com/RustCrypto/formats/workflows/pkcs8/badge.svg?branch=master&event=push
[build-link]: https://github.com/RustCrypto/formats/actions
[//]: # (links)
[RustCrypto]: https://github.com/rustcrypto
[RFC 5208]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5208
[scrypt]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrypt
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