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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
+<refentry id="smbpasswd.8">
+
+<refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ <refmiscinfo class="source">Samba</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="manual">System Administration tools</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="version">&doc.version;</refmiscinfo>
+</refmeta>
+
+
+<refnamediv>
+ <refname>smbpasswd</refname>
+ <refpurpose>change a user's SMB password</refpurpose>
+</refnamediv>
+
+<refsynopsisdiv>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>smbpasswd</command>
+ <arg choice="opt">-a</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-c &lt;config file&gt;</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-x</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-d</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-e</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-D debuglevel</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-n</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-r &lt;remote machine&gt;</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-R &lt;name resolve order&gt;</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-m</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-U username[%password]</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-h</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-s</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-w pass</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-W</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-i</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">-L</arg>
+ <arg choice="opt">username</arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+</refsynopsisdiv>
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
+
+ <para>This tool is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
+
+ <para>The smbpasswd program has several different
+ functions, depending on whether it is run by the <emphasis>root</emphasis> user
+ or not. When run as a normal user it allows the user to change
+ the password used for their SMB sessions on any machines that store
+ SMB passwords. </para>
+
+ <para>By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to
+ change the current user's SMB password on the local machine. This is
+ similar to the way the <command>passwd(1)</command> program works. <command>
+ smbpasswd</command> differs from how the passwd program works
+ however in that it is not <emphasis>setuid root</emphasis> but works in
+ a client-server mode and communicates with a
+ locally running <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbd</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. As a consequence in order for this to
+ succeed the smbd daemon must be running on the local machine. On a
+ UNIX machine the encrypted SMB passwords are usually stored in
+ the default passdb backend.</para>
+
+ <para>When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd
+ will prompt them for their old SMB password and then ask them
+ for their new password twice, to ensure that the new password
+ was typed correctly. No passwords will be echoed on the screen
+ whilst being typed. If you have a blank SMB password (specified by
+ the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file) then just press
+ the &lt;Enter&gt; key when asked for your old password. </para>
+
+ <para>smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their
+ SMB password on remote machines, such as Windows NT Primary Domain
+ Controllers. See the (<parameter>-r</parameter>) and <parameter>-U</parameter> options
+ below. </para>
+
+ <para>When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added
+ and deleted in the smbpasswd file, as well as allows changes to
+ the attributes of the user in this file to be made. When run by root, <command>
+ smbpasswd</command> accesses the local smbpasswd file
+ directly, thus enabling changes to be made even if smbd is not
+ running. </para>
+</refsect1>
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>OPTIONS</title>
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-a</term>
+ <listitem><para>
+ This option specifies that the username following should be added to the local smbpasswd file, with the new
+ password typed (type &lt;Enter&gt; for the old password). This option is ignored if the username following
+ already exists in the smbpasswd file and it is treated like a regular change password command. Note that the
+ default passdb backends require the user to already exist in the system password file (usually
+ <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>), else the request to add the user will fail.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd
+ as root. </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-c</term>
+ <listitem><para>
+ This option can be used to specify the path and file name of the &smb.conf; configuration file when it
+ is important to use other than the default file and / or location.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-x</term>
+ <listitem><para>
+ This option specifies that the username following should be deleted from the local smbpasswd file.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-d</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option specifies that the username following
+ should be <constant>disabled</constant> in the local smbpasswd
+ file. This is done by writing a <constant>'D'</constant> flag
+ into the account control space in the smbpasswd file. Once this
+ is done all attempts to authenticate via SMB using this username
+ will fail. </para>
+
+ <para>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0
+ format) there is no space in the user's password entry to write
+ this information and the command will FAIL. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on the 'old' and new password file formats.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
+ root.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-e</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option specifies that the username following
+ should be <constant>enabled</constant> in the local smbpasswd file,
+ if the account was previously disabled. If the account was not
+ disabled this option has no effect. Once the account is enabled then
+ the user will be able to authenticate via SMB once again. </para>
+
+ <para>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then <command>
+ smbpasswd</command> will FAIL to enable the account.
+ See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
+ details on the 'old' and new password file formats. </para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-D debuglevel</term>
+ <listitem><para><replaceable>debuglevel</replaceable> is an integer
+ from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is not specified
+ is zero. </para>
+
+ <para>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the
+ log files about the activities of smbpasswd. At level 0, only
+ critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. </para>
+
+ <para>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log
+ data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels
+ above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate
+ HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-n</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option specifies that the username following
+ should have their password set to null (i.e. a blank password) in
+ the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the string "NO
+ PASSWORD" as the first part of the first password stored in the
+ smbpasswd file. </para>
+
+ <para>Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once
+ the password has been set to "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd
+ file the administrator must set the following parameter in the [global]
+ section of the <filename>smb.conf</filename> file : </para>
+
+ <para><command>null passwords = yes</command></para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
+ root.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-r remote machine name</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option allows a user to specify what machine
+ they wish to change their password on. Without this parameter
+ smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The <replaceable>remote
+ machine name</replaceable> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS
+ server to contact to attempt the password change. This name is
+ resolved into an IP address using the standard name resolution
+ mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the <parameter>-R
+ name resolve order</parameter> parameter for details on changing
+ this resolving mechanism. </para>
+
+ <para>The username whose password is changed is that of the
+ current UNIX logged on user. See the <parameter>-U username</parameter>
+ parameter for details on changing the password for a different
+ username. </para>
+
+ <para>Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the
+ remote machine specified must be the Primary Domain Controller for
+ the domain (Backup Domain Controllers only have a read-only
+ copy of the user account database and will not allow the password
+ change).</para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that Windows 95/98 do not have
+ a real password database so it is not possible to change passwords
+ specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target. </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-R name resolve order</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine
+ what name resolution services to use when looking up the NetBIOS
+ name of the host being connected to. </para>
+
+ <para>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They
+ cause names to be resolved as follows: </para>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para><constant>lmhosts</constant>: Lookup an IP
+ address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has
+ no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>lmhosts</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details) then
+ any name type matches for lookup.</para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para><constant>host</constant>: Do a standard host
+ name to IP address resolution, using the system <filename>/etc/hosts
+ </filename>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution
+ is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this
+ may be controlled by the <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>
+ file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name
+ type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise
+ it is ignored.</para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para><constant>wins</constant>: Query a name with
+ the IP address listed in the <parameter>wins server</parameter>
+ parameter. If no WINS server has been specified this method
+ will be ignored.</para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para><constant>bcast</constant>: Do a broadcast on
+ each of the known local interfaces listed in the
+ <parameter>interfaces</parameter> parameter. This is the least
+ reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the
+ target host being on a locally connected subnet.</para></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The default order is <command>lmhosts, host, wins, bcast</command>
+ and without this parameter or any entry in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file the name resolution methods will
+ be attempted in this order. </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-m</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option tells smbpasswd that the account
+ being changed is a MACHINE account. Currently this is used
+ when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.</para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-U username</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option may only be used in conjunction
+ with the <parameter>-r</parameter> option. When changing
+ a password on a remote machine it allows the user to specify
+ the user name on that machine whose password will be changed. It
+ is present to allow users who have different user names on
+ different systems to change these passwords. </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-h</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option prints the help string for <command>
+ smbpasswd</command>, selecting the correct one for running as root
+ or as an ordinary user. </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-s</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e.
+ not issue prompts) and to read its old and new passwords from
+ standard input, rather than from <filename>/dev/tty</filename>
+ (like the <command>passwd(1)</command> program does). This option
+ is to aid people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-w password</term>
+ <listitem><para>This parameter is only available if Samba
+ has been compiled with LDAP support. The <parameter>-w</parameter>
+ switch is used to specify the password to be used with the
+ <smbconfoption name="ldap admin dn"/>. Note that the password is stored in
+ the <filename>secrets.tdb</filename> and is keyed off
+ of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <parameter>ldap
+ admin dn</parameter> ever changes, the password will need to be
+ manually updated as well.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-W</term>
+ <listitem><para><command>NOTE: </command> This option is same as "-w"
+ except that the password should be entered using stdin.
+ </para>
+ <para>This parameter is only available if Samba
+ has been compiled with LDAP support. The <parameter>-W</parameter>
+ switch is used to specify the password to be used with the
+ <smbconfoption name="ldap admin dn"/>. Note that the password is stored in
+ the <filename>secrets.tdb</filename> and is keyed off
+ of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <parameter>ldap
+ admin dn</parameter> ever changes, the password will need to be
+ manually updated as well.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-i</term>
+ <listitem><para>This option tells smbpasswd that the account
+ being changed is an interdomain trust account. Currently this is used
+ when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.
+ The account contains the info about another trusted domain.</para>
+
+ <para>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>-L</term>
+ <listitem><para>Run in local mode.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>username</term>
+ <listitem><para>This specifies the username for all of the
+ <emphasis>root only</emphasis> options to operate on. Only root
+ can specify this parameter as only root has the permission needed
+ to modify attributes directly in the local smbpasswd file.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+</refsect1>
+
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>NOTES</title>
+
+ <para>Since <command>smbpasswd</command> works in client-server
+ mode communicating with a local smbd for a non-root user then
+ the smbd daemon must be running for this to work. A common problem
+ is to add a restriction to the hosts that may access the <command>
+ smbd</command> running on the local machine by specifying either <parameter>allow
+ hosts</parameter> or <parameter>deny hosts</parameter> entry in
+ the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file and neglecting to
+ allow "localhost" access to the smbd. </para>
+
+ <para>In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba
+ has been set up to use encrypted passwords. </para>
+</refsect1>
+
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>VERSION</title>
+
+ <para>This man page is part of version &doc.version; of the Samba suite.</para>
+</refsect1>
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>SEE ALSO</title>
+ <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>Samba</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
+</refsect1>
+
+<refsect1>
+ <title>AUTHOR</title>
+
+ <para>The original Samba software and related utilities
+ were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
+ by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
+ to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>
+</refsect1>
+
+</refentry>