Adding upstream version 4.9.1.upstream/4.9.1upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

10 files changed, 21499 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/doc/.gitignore b/doc/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2681820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Makefile
+screen.info*
diff --git a/doc/FAQ b/doc/FAQ
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4c01bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/FAQ
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+                                                                    jw  21.10.93
+								    	05.05.94
+
+   screen: frequently asked questions -- known problems -- unimplemented bugs
+=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+Q:   Why is it  impossible to download  a file with Kermit/sz/rz  when  
+     screen is running? Do I need to set some special variables?
+ 
+A:   Screen  always   interprets   control-sequences   sent   by   the
+     applications   and  translates/optimizes  them  for  the  current
+     terminal type.  Screen always  parses  the  user  input  for  its
+     escape  character  (CTRL-A).   Both are basic screen features and
+     cannot be switched off.  Even  if  it  were  possible  to  switch
+     screen into a completely transparent mode, you could never switch
+     between windows, while kermit/sz/rz is downloading  a  file.  You
+     must  wait till the end as  kermit/sz/rz will  not transmit  your
+     input during  a file transfer and as kermit/sz/rz would  be  very
+     confused  if  screen switched  away  the  window  containing  the
+     other  kermit/sz/rz.  Simply detach your screen session  for each 
+     file transfer and start the  transfer program only from the shell 
+     where you started screen. 
+
+Q:   I  am using screen with  a  YYY terminal, which supports  the XXX
+     graphic language.  I  am very happy with  it, except one thing: I 
+     cannot render graphics into screen windows.
+  
+A:   You are out of luck there. Screen provides  a fixed set of escape
+     sequences in order to make  it possible to switch terminal types.
+     Screen has  to know exactly what the escape sequences  do  to the
+     terminal because  it  must hold  an  image  in  memory. Otherwise 
+     screen could  not  restore  the  image  if  you switch to another 
+     window.  Because  of  this  you  have  to  change screens  escape
+     sequence parser (ansi.c)  to  pass the XXX graphics sequences  to 
+     the terminal.  Of course the graphics will  be lost if you switch
+     to  another window. Screen  will only  honour graphics  sequences 
+     that are demanded by an overwhelming majority.
+
+Q:   For some unknown reason, the  fifo  in  /tmp/screens/S-myname  is
+     gone,  and  i  can't  resume my screen session. Is there a way to
+     recreate the fifo?
+ 
+A:   Screen checks the fifo/socket  whenever  it  receives  a  SIGCHLD
+     signal.  If missing, the fifo/socket is recreated then. If screen
+     is  running  non  set-uid  the  user  can  issue  a  'kill  -CHLD
+     screenpid'  directly (it is -CHILD on some systems). Screenpid is
+     the process-id of the screen process found in a 'ps -x'  listing.
+     But  usually  this won't work, as screen should be installed set-
+     uid root. In this case you will not be able to send it a  signal,
+     but  the  kernel  will.  It  does  so, whenever a child of screen
+     changes its state. Find the process-id (shellpid  below)  of  the
+     "least  important"  shell  running  inside  screen. The try 'kill
+     -STOP shellpid'.  If the fifo/socket does not  reappear,  destroy
+     the  shell  process.  You  sacrify one shell to save the rest. If
+     nothing works, please do  not  forget  to  remove  all  processes
+     running in the lost screen session.
+
+Q:   When you start "screen" a page of text comes up to  start  you
+     off.   Is  there  a way to get rid of this text as a command line
+     argument or by using a switch of some sort.  
+  
+A:   Just  put  the following line in your ~/.screenrc:
+         startup_message off
+     Many people ask this, although  it  is  in the man page, too :-)
+
+Q:   Start "screen emacs"  and  run   emacs   function   suspend-emacs
+     (ctrl-z). The window containing emacs vanishes. 
+ 
+A:   This is a known  bug.  Unfortunatly  there   is   no   easy   fix
+     because  this  is specified in the POSIX  standard.  When  a  new
+     window is created Screen opens  up  a  new  session  because  the
+     window    has    to  get   the  pty  as a controlling terminal (a
+     session  can  only  have  one  controlling  terminal).  With  the
+     setsid()   call the   process also    creates   a   new   process
+     group.  This process  group is orphaned,   because  there  is  no
+     process  in   the  session    which is  not   in   the    process
+     group.   Now if the process group  leader  (i.e.  your   program)
+     gets   a  TTIN/TTOU/TSTP,   POSIX  states that  the  kernel  must
+     send   a   KILL signal to the process group because there is   no
+     one  left  to  continue  the process.  Even    if   screen  would
+     try to restart the program, that would be after it  received  the
+     KILL signal which  cannot  be caught  or ignored.
+     
+     tromey@klab.caltech.edu (Tom Tromey):  I've  noticed  this  exact
+     same problem.  I put this in my .emacs file.  It seems to work:
+        
+	;; If running under screen, disable C-z.
+	(if (and (getenv "STY") (not window-system))
+		(global-unset-key "\C-z"))
+
+Q:   Screen gets the terminal size wrong and messes up.
+ 
+A:   Before you start screen: Check with 'stty -a' what  the  terminal
+     driver  thinks  about  rows  and  columns.  Check the environment
+     variables LINES and COLUMNS.  Then from within screen check  with
+     the info command (CTRL-A i) what size screen thinks your terminal
+     is. If correcting tty driver setting  and  environment  variables
+     does  not help, look up the terminal capability definition. First
+     the TERMCAP environment variable. If this is not set, look up the
+     terminals  name  as  defined  in the environment variable TERM in
+     /etc/termcap or in the terminfo database with untic  or  infocmp.
+     There  may  be  :li=...:  and  :co=...:  or even :ll=...: entries
+     (cols#... and lines#...  when it's terminfo) defined incorrectly.
+     Either  construct  your  own  TERMCAP  environment variables with
+     correct settings, use screens terminfo/termcap  command  in  your
+     .screenrc  file  or  have  the  database  corrected by the system
+     administrator.
+
+Q:   Screen messes up the terminal output when I use my favourite  ap-
+     plication. Setting the terminal size does not help.
+ 
+A:   Probably you got the termcap/terminfo entries wrong. Fixing  this
+     is  a  three  stage  procedure.  First,  find  out if terminfo or
+     termcap is  used.  If  your   system   only   has   /etc/termcap,
+     but    not  /usr/lib/terminfo/...   then  you  are using termcap.
+     Easy. But if your system has both, then it depends how the appli-
+     cation and how  screen  were  linked.  Beware,  if  your applica-
+     tion runs on another host via rlogin, telnet  or  the  like,  you
+     should check the terminfo/termcap  databases there. If you cannot
+     tell if terminfo or termcap is used (or  you  just  want  to   be
+     save),   the   do   all  steps  in  stage  3 in parallel for both
+     systems (on all involved hosts).  Second:  Understand  the  basic
+     rules  how  screen  does its terminal  emulation.  When screen is
+     started or reattached, it relies on the TERM environment variable
+     to  correctly  reflect  the  terminal type  you  have  physically
+     in front of you. And the entry should either exist in the  system
+     terminfo/termcap  database  or  be  specified via the TERMCAP en-
+     vironment variable (if screen is using the  termcap  system).  On
+     the  other  end,  screen understands one set of control codes. It
+     relies on the application using these codes. This means  applica-
+     tions   that  run  under screen  must be able to adapt their con-
+     trol codes to screen. The application should use the  TERM  vari-
+     able  and  termcap or  terminfo  library to find out how to drive
+     its terminal. When running under screen, the terminal is  virtual
+     and  is  only defined by  the  set  of  control codes that screen
+     understands.  The  TERM  variable  is  automatically    set    to
+     "screen"  and  the  "screen"-entries  should  exist  in the data-
+     bases. If your application uses hardcoded  control  codes  rather
+     than  a database, you are  on  your own.  Hint:  The codes under-
+     stood by screen are a superset  of  the  very  common  definition
+     named  "vt100".  Look  at   the   documentation  of  screen.  The
+     codes  are  listed there. Third:  Have  the  entry  "screen"  in-
+     stalled  on  all hosts or make sure you  can  live  with "vt100".
+     Check the codes sent by your application, when the TERM  variable
+     is  set  to "screen". Do not try to set the TERM  variable inside
+     screen  to anything other than "screen"  or "vt100"  or  compati-
+     ble.  Thus your application can drive screen correctly. Also take
+     care that  a good entry is installed  for your physical  terminal
+     that   screen   has  to drive.  Even if the entry was good enough
+     for your application to drive the terminal  directly, screen  may
+     find   flaws,   as  it tries to use other capabilities while  op-
+     timizing   the   screen   output.    The    screenrc     commands
+     "termcap"  and/or  "terminfo"  may help to fine-tune capabilities
+     without calling the supervisor to change the database.
+
+Q:   I cannot configure screen. Sed does not work.
+ 
+A:   The  regular expressions used  in  our configure script  are  too
+     complicated for GNU sed version 2.03.  In  this regard it is  bug
+     compatible with  Ultrix 3.1 "sed":  GNU  sed  version 2.03  dumps
+     core with our configure script.  Try an older release.  E.g. from
+     ftp.uni-erlangen.de:/pub/utilities/screen/sed-2.02b.tar.gz
+
+Q:   When reattaching a session  from  a  different  Workstation,  the
+     DISPLAY   environment  variable  should be updated. Even ``CTLR-A
+     : setenv DISPLAY newhost:0'' does not work as expected.
+ 
+A:   Under unix every process  has its own environment.  The  environ-
+     ment  of the SCREEN process can be changed with the `setenv' com-
+     mand.  This  however  cannot  affect the   environment   of   the
+     shells or applications already running under screen. Subsequently
+     spawned processes will reflect the changes.  One should be  aware
+     of  this  problem when running applications from very old shells.
+     Screen is a means for keeping processes alive.
+
+Q:   About once every 5 times  I ran the program,  rather than getting
+     a "screen," I got someone elses IRC output/input.
+ 
+A:   What probably happened is that an IRC process was left running on
+     a pseudo tty  in such a way that the  kernel thought  the tty was
+     available  for reallocation.   You  can  fix  this  behaviour  by
+     applying the SunOS 4.1.x tty jumbo patch (100513-04).
+ 
+Q:   Screen compiled on SunOS 5.3 cannot reattach a detached session.
+ 
+A:   You are  using /usr/ucb/cc, this compiler  is wrong.  Actually it 
+     links  with  a  C-library that  mis-interprets dirent.  Try again
+     with /opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc!
+
+Q:   The "talk" command does not work when Screen is active.
+ 
+A:   Talk  and several  other programs  rely on entries  in the  Utmp-
+     Database  (/etc/utmp).  On some  systems this  Database is  world 
+     writable,  on others  it is not.  If it  is not,  screen must  be 
+     installed with the appropriate  permissions (user or group s-bit)
+     just like any  program that uses  PTYs (rlogin, xterm, ...). When
+     screen cannot write to utmp, you will see messages on you display
+     which do not belong to any screen window. 
+     When screen can update utmp, it is not guaranteed that it does as
+     you  expect.  First this depends  on  the config.h  file defining 
+     UTMPOK, LOGINDEFAULT, and perhaps CAREFULUTMP.  Second it depends
+     on the screenrc files (system wide and per user), if utmp entries
+     are done.  Third, you can control  whether windows are logged  in
+     with screens ``login'' command.
+
+Q:   Seteuid()  does not work as expected in AIX.  Attempting a multi-
+     user-attach results in a screen-panic: "seteuid: not owner".
+ 
+A:   This   is  not  a   screen  problem.   According  to  Kay  Nettle
+     (pkn@cs.utexas.edu) you need the AIX patch PTF 423674.
+
+Q:   When  I  type  cd directory (any directory  or just  blank)  from 
+     within one of the windows in screen, the whole thing just freezes
+     up.
+ 
+A:   You display the  current working directory  in xterm's title bar,
+     This may be caused by hardcoded ESC-sequences in the shell prompt
+     or in an cd alias.  In Xterm the coding is 
+     		ESC ] n ; string_to_display ^G 
+     where n = 1, 2, 3  selects the location of the  displayed string.
+     Screen misinterprets  this as the ansi  operating system  comment
+     sequence:
+     		ESC ] osc_string 
+     and waits (according to ansi) for the string terminator
+     		ESC \
+     Screen versions after 3.5.12 may provide a workaround.
+
+Q:   Mesg or biff cannot be turned on or off while running screen.
+ 
+A:   Screen failed to change the owner of the pty it uses. You need to
+     install screen setuid-root. See the file INSTALL for details.
+
+Q:   The cursor left key deletes the characters instead of just moving the
+     cursor. A redisplay (^Al) brings everything back.
+
+A:   Your terminal emulator treats the backspace as "destructive". You
+     can probably change this somewhere in the setup. We can't think
+     of a reason why anybody would want a destructive backspace, but
+     if you really must have it, add the lines
+	termcap  <TERM> 'bc@:bs@'
+	terminfo <TERM> 'bc@:bs@'
+     to your ~/.screenrc (replace <TERM> with the terminal type your
+     emulator uses).
+
+Q:   I have an old SysV OS (like Motorola SysV68) and sometimes screen
+     doesn't reset the attributes correctly. A redisplay (^Al) doesn't
+     make things better.
+
+A:   The libcurses library has a bug if attributes are cleared with
+     the special ue/se capabilities. As a workaround (other than upgrading
+     your system) modify 'rmul' (and 'rmso'?) in screen's terminfo entry:
+	rmul=\E[m, rmso=\E[m
diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7c7db7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/Makefile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Makefile for Screen documentation
+
+srcdir = @srcdir@
+VPATH = @srcdir@
+
+DESTDIR = 
+
+prefix = @prefix@
+datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+mandir = @mandir@
+infodir = @infodir@
+
+INSTALL = @INSTALL@
+INSTALL_DATA = @INSTALL_DATA@
+MAKEINFO = makeinfo
+TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi
+TEXI2PDF = texi2pdf
+
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+
+all: screen.info
+
+dvi screen.dvi: screen.texinfo mostlyclean
+	$(TEXI2DVI) $(srcdir)/screen.texinfo
+
+pdf screen.pdf: screen.texinfo mostlyclean
+	$(TEXI2PDF) $(srcdir)/screen.texinfo
+
+info screen.info: screen.texinfo
+	@rm -f screen.info*
+	$(MAKEINFO) $(srcdir)/screen.texinfo -o screen.info
+
+install: installdirs
+	$(INSTALL_DATA) $(srcdir)/screen.1 $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1/screen.1
+	-$(MAKE) screen.info
+	-if test -f screen.info; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
+	if test -f $$d/screen.info; then \
+	for f in $$d/screen.info*; do $(INSTALL_DATA) $$f $(DESTDIR)$(infodir);done; \
+	if $(SHELL) -c 'install-info --version' >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
+	  install-info --info-dir=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir) $$d/screen.info; \
+	else true; fi; \
+	fi
+
+uninstall:
+	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1/screen.1
+	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/screen.info*
+
+installdirs:
+	$(srcdir)/../etc/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1 $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
+
+mostlyclean:
+	-rm -f *.cp *.cps *.fn *.fns *.ky *.kys *.pg *.tp *.vr
+	-rm -f *.log *.aux *.toc *~
+
+clean distclean clobber: mostlyclean
+	-rm -f *.dvi
+
+realclean: clean
+	-rm -f *.info*
+
+check installcheck:
+
diff --git a/doc/README.DOTSCREEN b/doc/README.DOTSCREEN
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f17fa37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/README.DOTSCREEN
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+From bargi@dots.physics.orst.edu Thu Aug 31 23:42 MET 1995
+Received: from faui45.informatik.uni-erlangen.de (root@faui45.informatik.uni-erlangen.de [131.188.34.45]) by immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de with ESMTP
+	id XAA14775 (8.6.12/7.4f-FAU);; Thu, 31 Aug 1995 23:42:15 +0200
+Received: from dots.physics.orst.edu (bargi@dots.PHYSICS.ORST.EDU [128.193.96.106]) by uni-erlangen.de with ESMTP
+	id XAA03048 (8.6.12/7.4f-FAU); for <screen@uni-erlangen.de>; Thu, 31 Aug 1995 23:42:03 +0200
+Received: (from bargi@localhost) by dots.physics.orst.edu (8.6.11/8.6.9) id OAA15627; Thu, 31 Aug 1995 14:41:47 -0700
+From: Hadi Bargi Rangin <bargi@dots.physics.orst.edu>
+Message-Id: <199508312141.OAA15627@dots.physics.orst.edu>
+Subject: README.DOTSCREEN
+To: screen@uni-erlangen.de
+Date: Thu, 31 Aug 1995 14:41:47 -0700 (PDT)
+Cc: bargi@dots.physics.orst.edu (Hadi Bargi Rangin)
+X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL24]
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
+Content-Length: 5423
+Status: RO
+
+Hallo,
+
+   leider war readme file fuer dotscreen nicht in unserem dotscreen-Packet, 
+deshalb schicke ich es Euch nachtraeglich.  Nachdem Ihr unseren packet
+getestet habt, koennen wir Euch anrufen und vielleicht mehr ueber die
+Einzelnheiten sprechen, ob wir unsere Weiterentwicklung koordinieren
+wollen.
+
+Danke,
+
+Gruss,
+Hadi
+
+===============================================================================
+Quick introduction to dotscreen
+-------------------------------
+
+1. Introduction
+2. Is dotscreen different as screen?
+3. Installation instructions
+4. Functions description
+5. Further development
+
+
+1. Introduction
+=============== 
+
+Dotscreen, is a system which allow a person direct access to unix via
+a braille display. The emphasis is on direct, because the braille
+display is connected directly to the serial port on the unix
+machine. You no longer must use a dos machine running a terminal
+emulation logged into a unix machine.  Dotscreen is built on top of
+screen, a powerful full-screen window manager for unix tty terminals.
+Screen keeps track of what is being displayed in each window that it
+is managing so that it can easily switch back and forth between these
+windows. Dotscreen makes this stored window information available via
+a braille display. Dotscreen only allows access to tty terminal
+sessions, it does not allow access to X-Windows, however, it will run
+in an xterm window. Currently, it works with the TSI Navigator 40 and
+the TSI PowerBraille 40 braille displays. We plan to support other
+displays as demand and information about other displays is made
+available to us
+
+2. Is dotscreen different than screen?
+======================================
+
+All of screens functions still work in dotscreen. A few of the
+functions are not accessible via braille, but we expect to remedy that
+in future releases.
+
+3. Installation instructions
+============================
+
+Please read the INSTALL file for full installation instructions.
+In addition to those instructions, note that you must create
+a .screenrc file and that file must contain the type of braille
+display that you are using and the serial device that the display
+is connected to. A minimal .screenrc file should contain something
+like the following four lines, (these are only examples, please
+customize them for your configuration)
+
+
+# example of .screenrc when using  braille display
+bd_start_braille on
+bd_type  powerbraille_40
+bd_port  /dev/ttyS0
+bd_braille_table /home/gardner/us-braille.tbl
+# end of example
+
+
+4. Functions description
+========================
+
+The basic operation of screen is described in README.  The braille
+navigation commands are similar to commands usually found on dos
+braille screenreaders. Also, because dotscreen is built on top of
+screen, the user can switch back and forth easily between many running
+applications.  The braille commands can be changed any time after
+starting screen using the internal screen "C-a :" command line.  All
+braille commands begin with "bd_"; following is the list of braille
+commands:
+
+bd_start_braille on/off      # Starts/stops using braille features on screen
+bd_link on/off               # links/unlinks braille cursor to/from screen cursor
+bd_bell on/off               # turn on/off sending bell-signal to terminal
+bd_scroll on/off             # enables/disables scrolling
+bd_skip on/off               # skip/don't skip balnk lines
+bd_width <integer-value>     # number of braille cells that user want to use,
+                             # this value is always <= total number of cells
+bd_ncrc <interger-value>     # number of cells displayed on the right side 
+                             # of physical cursor (default = 1)   
+bd_info  <integer-value>     # displays braille/screen cursor position 
+                             # depending on its value, (no info: 0, only 
+                             # bc-info: 1, only sc-info: 2, bc- and sc-info: 3
+bd_port <serial-device>      # serial port which braille display is connected to
+bd_braille_table <bl-table>  # braille table to be used. German, US and GS 
+                             # braille tables are provided
+bd_type <braille-display-type> 
+                             # braille display type being used     
+
+Note: currently valid value for some parameters:
+bd_type: 
+ 1. navigator_40 
+ 2. powerbraille_40.
+
+bd_braille_table:
+ 1. gr-braille.tbl     German braille code
+ 2. us-braille.tbl     US computer braille code
+ 3. gs-braille.tbl     GS braille code
+
+Since the braille tables are in files, you should give the full
+pathnames of the files either in .screenrc or using the
+internal screen "C-a :" command line.
+
+5. Further development
+======================
+
+As mentioned above, currently Dotscreen works with Telesensory braille
+displays the PowerBraille and the Navigator because Telesensory has
+given us the information needed to program their braille display. We
+plan to add support for other braille displays when and if we get the
+requisite information from the braille display manufacturer. 
+Also some things such as cursor navigation from the braille display
+have not been implemented. If you find a feature missing that
+you wish to have, please contact us.
+
+This software has been developed within the Science Access Project at
+Oregon State University under the direction of John Gardner.
+
+Authors:   Hadi Bargi Rangin (bargi@dots.physics.orst.edu)
+	   Bill Barry (barryb@dots.physics.orst.edu)
+
diff --git a/doc/fdpat.ps b/doc/fdpat.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b10099
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/fdpat.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,6501 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2
+%%DocumentFonts: Courier Helvetica-Bold Times-Roman
+%%Pages: 1
+%%BoundingBox: 5 34 589 773
+%%EndComments
+
+/arrowHeight 10 def
+/arrowWidth 5 def
+
+/IdrawDict 53 dict def
+IdrawDict begin
+
+/reencodeISO {
+dup dup findfont dup length dict begin
+{ 1 index /FID ne { def }{ pop pop } ifelse } forall
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+currentdict end definefont
+} def
+
+/ISOLatin1Encoding [
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+end
diff --git a/doc/install.sh b/doc/install.sh
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..3f44f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/install.sh
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../install.sh
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/doc/make.help b/doc/make.help
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5871773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/make.help
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+######
+######
+###### The following lines should be obsolete because of the 'configure' script.
+###### It is here only for reference if 'configure' needs human help.
+######
+
+
+### If you choose to compile with the tried and true:
+#CC= cc
+#CFLAGS= -O
+#CFLAGS= -g 
+### gcc specific CFLAGS:
+#CC= gcc
+# If your system include files are bad, don't use -Wall
+#CFLAGS= -O6 -g #-Wall 
+#CFLAGS = -g -fstrength-reduce -fcombine-regs -finline-functions #-Wall
+
+### On some machines special CFLAGS are required:
+#M_CFLAGS=
+#M_CFLAGS= -D__NetBSD__	# NetBsd Machines like this (a.kalb@rrze)
+#M_CFLAGS= -Dapollo -A cpu,mathchip -A nansi	# Apollo DN3000/4000/4500
+#M_CFLAGS= -DISC -D_POSIX_SOURCE		# isc
+#M_CFLAGS= -systype bsd43 -DMIPS		# mips
+#M_CFLAGS= -fforce-mem -fforce-addr\
+# -fomit-frame-pointer -finline-functions -bsd 	# NeXT
+#M_CFLAGS= -qlanglvl=ansi			# RS6000/AIX
+#M_CFLAGS= -qlanglvl=ansi -D_AIX32		# RS6000/AIX 3.2
+#M_CFLAGS= -ansi				# sgi/IRIX 3.x ansi 
+#M_CFLAGS= -xansi				# sgi/IRIX 4.x ext ansi 
+#M_CFLAGS= -YBSD				# Ultrix 4.x
+#M_CFLAGS= -DSVR4=1	# Bob Kline rvk@blink.att.com 80386 Unix SVR4.0
+#M_CFLAGS= -D_CX_UX	# Ken Beal kbeal@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com Harris CX/UX
+#M_CFLAGS= -K pentium	# Thanh Ma tma@encore.com Unixware, SVR4-2
+
+### Choose one of the LIBS setting below:
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lc -lsocket -linet -lsec -lseq	# Sequent/ptx
+#LIBS= -lcurses -lelf -lcrypt -lsocket -lnsl		# Solaris, when it sucks
+#LIBS= -ltermcap 			# SunOS, Linux, Apollo,
+#					  gould_np1, NeXT, Ultrix
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lelf			# SVR4
+#LIBS= -ltermlib -linet -lcposix	# isc
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lmld			# mips (nlist is in mld)
+#LIBS= -ltermlib -lsun -lmld #-lc_s	# sgi/IRIX
+#LIBS= -lcurses				# RS6000/AIX
+#LIBS= -lcrypt_d -ltinfo		# sco32
+#LIBS= -lcrypt_i -ltinfo		# sco32
+#LIBS= -lcrypt -lsec			# sco322 (msilano@sra.com)
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lcrypt.o -ldir -lx	# SCO XENIX 2.3.4
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lcrypt -ldir -l2.3 -lx	# SCO UNIX XENIX cross dev.
+#LIBS= -ltermcap -lelf -lcrypt -lsocket -lnet -lnsl	# Bob Kline SVR4
+#LIBS= -lcurses  -lelf -lcrypt -lgen	# Thanh Ma, Unixware, SVR4-2
diff --git a/doc/screen.1 b/doc/screen.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6228cc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/screen.1
@@ -0,0 +1,5411 @@
+.\" vi:set wm=5
+.TH SCREEN 1 "2023 Aug 20" "GNU Screen 4.9.1"
+.
+.
+.SH NAME
+screen \- screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
+
+
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B screen
+[
+.B \-\fIoptions\fP
+] [
+.B \fIcmd\fP
+[
+.B \fIargs\fP
+] ]
+.br
+.B screen \-r
+[[\fIpid\fP\fB.\fP]\fItty\fP[\fB.\fP\fIhost\fP]]
+.br
+.B screen \-r
+\fIsessionowner\fP\fB/\fP[[\fIpid\fP\fB.\fP]\fItty\fP[\fB.\fP\fIhost\fP]]
+.ta .5i 1.8i
+
+
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Screen
+is a full-screen window manager that
+multiplexes a physical terminal between several processes (typically
+interactive shells).
+Each virtual terminal provides the functions
+of a DEC VT100 terminal and, in addition, several control functions
+from the ISO 6429 (ECMA 48, ANSI X3.64) and ISO 2022 standards
+(e.\|g. insert/delete line and support for multiple character sets).
+There is a scrollback history buffer for each virtual terminal and a
+copy-and-paste mechanism that allows moving text regions between
+windows.
+.PP
+When
+.I screen
+is called, it creates a single window with a shell in it (or the specified
+command) and then gets out of your way so that you can use the program as you
+normally would.
+Then, at any time, you can create new (full-screen) windows with other programs
+in them (including more shells), kill existing windows, view a list of
+windows, turn output logging on and off, copy-and-paste text between
+windows, view the scrollback history, switch between windows
+in whatever manner you wish, etc. All windows run their programs completely
+independent of each other. Programs continue to run when their window
+is currently not visible and even when the whole 
+.I screen 
+session is detached from the user's terminal.  When a program terminates,
+.I screen
+(per default) kills the window that contained it.
+If this window was in the foreground, the display switches to the previous
+window; if none are left,
+.I screen
+exits. Shells usually distinguish between running as login-shell or sub-shell.
+Screen runs them as sub-shells, unless told otherwise (See \*Qshell\*U .screenrc command).
+.PP
+Everything you type is sent to the program running in the current window.
+The only exception to this is the one keystroke that is used to initiate
+a command to the window manager.
+By default, each command begins with a control-a (abbreviated C-a from
+now on), and is followed by one other keystroke.
+The command character and all the key bindings can be fully customized
+to be anything you like, though they are always two characters in length.
+.PP
+.I Screen
+does not understand the prefix \*QC-\*U to mean control, although this notation is 
+used in this manual for readability. 
+Please use the caret notation (\*Q^A\*U instead of \*QC-a\*U) as arguments
+to e.g. the 
+.I escape
+command or the \fI-e\fP option.
+.I Screen
+will also print out control characters in caret notation.
+.PP
+The standard way to create a new window is to type \fBC-a c\fP.
+This creates a new window running a shell and switches to that
+window immediately, regardless of the state of the process running
+in the current window.
+Similarly, you can create a new window with a custom command in it by
+first binding the command to a keystroke (in your .screenrc file or at the
+\fBC-a :\fP command line) and
+then using it just like the \fBC-a c\fP command.
+In addition, new windows can be created by running a command like:
+.IP
+screen emacs prog.c
+.PP
+from a shell prompt within a previously created window.
+This will not run another copy of
+.IR screen ,
+but will instead supply the command name and its arguments to the window
+manager (specified in the $STY environment variable) who will use it to
+create the new window.
+The above example would start the emacs editor (editing prog.c) and switch
+to its window. - Note that you cannot transport environment variables from
+the invoking shell to the application (emacs in this case), because it is
+forked from the parent screen process, not from the invoking shell.
+.PP
+If \*Q/etc/utmp\*U is writable by
+.IR screen ,
+an appropriate record will be written to this file for each window, and
+removed when the window is terminated.
+This is useful for working with \*Qtalk\*U, \*Qscript\*U, \*Qshutdown\*U,
+\*Qrsend\*U, \*Qsccs\*U and other similar programs that use the utmp
+file to determine who you are. As long as
+.I screen
+is active on your terminal,
+the terminal's own record is removed from the utmp file. See also \*QC-a L\*U.
+
+
+.SH GETTING STARTED
+Before you begin to use
+.I screen
+you'll need to make sure you have correctly selected your terminal type,
+just as you would for any other termcap/terminfo program.
+(You can do this by using
+.IR test
+for example.)
+.PP
+If you're impatient and want to get started without doing a lot more reading,
+you should remember this one command:  \fBC-a ?\fP.
+Typing these two characters will display a list of the available
+.I screen
+commands and their bindings. Each keystroke is discussed in
+the section \*QDEFAULT KEY BINDINGS\*U. The manual section \*QCUSTOMIZATION\*U
+deals with the contents of your .screenrc.
+.PP
+If your terminal is a \*Qtrue\*U auto-margin terminal (it doesn't allow
+the last position on the screen to be updated without scrolling the
+screen) consider using a version of your terminal's termcap that has
+automatic margins turned \fIoff\fP. This will ensure an accurate and
+optimal update of the screen in all circumstances. Most terminals
+nowadays have \*Qmagic\*U margins (automatic margins plus usable last
+column). This is the VT100 style type and perfectly suited for
+.IR screen .
+If all you've got is a \*Qtrue\*U auto-margin terminal 
+.I screen
+will be content to use it, but updating a character put into the last
+position on the screen may not be possible until the screen scrolls or
+the character is moved into a safe position in some other way. This
+delay can be shortened by using a terminal with insert-character
+capability.
+
+
+.SH "COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS"
+Screen has the following command-line options:
+.TP 5
+.B \-a
+include \fIall\fP capabilities (with some minor exceptions) in each
+window's termcap, even if
+.I screen
+must redraw parts of the display in order to implement a function.
+.TP 5
+.B \-A
+Adapt the sizes of all windows to the size of the current terminal.
+By default,
+.I screen
+tries to restore its old window sizes when attaching to resizable terminals
+(those with \*QWS\*U in its description, e.g. suncmd or some xterm).
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-c " file
+override the default configuration file from \*Q$HOME/.screenrc\*U
+to \fIfile\fP.
+.TP 5
+.BR \-d | \-D " [" \fIpid.tty.host\fR ]
+does not start
+.IR screen ,
+but detaches the elsewhere running
+.I screen
+session. It has the same effect as typing \*QC-a d\*U from
+.IR screen 's
+controlling terminal. \fB\-D\fP is the equivalent to the power detach key.
+If no session can be detached, this option is ignored. In combination with the
+\fB\-r\fP/\fB\-R\fP option more powerful effects can be achieved:
+.TP 8
+.B \-d \-r
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach it first.
+.TP 8
+.B \-d \-R
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach or even create it first.
+.TP 8
+.B \-d \-RR
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach or create it. Use the first
+session if more than one session is available.
+.TP 8
+.B \-D \-r
+Reattach a session. If necessary detach and logout remotely first.
+.TP 8
+.B \-D \-R
+Attach here and now. In detail this means: If a session is running, then
+reattach. If necessary detach and logout remotely first.
+If it was not running create it and notify the user. This is the
+author's favorite.
+.TP 8
+.B \-D \-RR
+Attach here and now. Whatever that means, just do it.
+.IP "" 5
+Note: It is always a good idea to check the status of your sessions by means of
+\*Qscreen \-list\*U.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-e " xy
+specifies the command character to be \fIx\fP and the character generating a
+literal command character to \fIy\fP (when typed after the command character).
+The default is \*QC-a\*U and `a', which can be specified as \*Q-e^Aa\*U.
+When creating a
+.I screen
+session, this option sets the default command character. In a multiuser
+session all users added will start off with this command character. But
+when attaching to an already running session, this option changes only
+the command character of the attaching user.
+This option is equivalent to either the commands \*Qdefescape\*U or
+\*Qescape\*U respectively.
+.TP 5
+.BR \-f\fP ", " \-fn ", and " \-fa
+turns flow-control on, off, or \*Qautomatic switching mode\*U.
+This can also be defined through the \*Qdefflow\*U .screenrc command.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-h " num
+Specifies the history scrollback buffer to be \fInum\fP lines high.
+.TP 5
+.B \-i
+will cause the interrupt key (usually C-c) to interrupt the display
+immediately when flow-control is on.
+See the \*Qdefflow\*U .screenrc command for details.
+The use of this option is discouraged.
+.TP 5
+.BR \-l " and " \-ln
+turns login mode on or off (for /etc/utmp updating).
+This can also be defined through the \*Qdeflogin\*U .screenrc command.
+.TP 5
+.BR \-ls " [" \fImatch ]
+.PD 0
+.TP 5
+.BR \-list " [" \fImatch ] 
+.PD
+does not start
+.IR screen ,
+but prints a list of
+.I pid.tty.host
+strings identifying your
+.I screen
+sessions.
+Sessions marked `detached' can be resumed with \*Qscreen \-r\*U. Those marked
+`attached' are running and have a controlling terminal. If the session runs in 
+multiuser mode, it is marked `multi'. Sessions marked as `unreachable' either
+live on a different host or are `dead'.
+An unreachable session is considered dead, when its name
+matches either the name of the local host, or the specified parameter, if any.
+See the \fB-r\fP flag for a description how to construct matches.
+Sessions marked as `dead' should be thoroughly checked and removed. 
+Ask your system administrator if you are not sure. Remove sessions with the 
+\fB-wipe\fP option. 
+.TP 5
+.B \-L
+tells
+.I screen
+to turn on automatic output logging for the windows.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-Logfile " file
+By default logfile name is \*Qscreenlog.0\*Q. You can set new logfile name
+with the \*Q-Logfile\*Q option.
+.TP 5
+.B \-m
+causes
+.I screen
+to ignore the $STY environment variable. With \*Qscreen \-m\*U creation of
+a new session is enforced, regardless whether
+.I screen
+is called from within another
+.I screen
+session or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection
+with the `\-d' option:
+.TP 8
+.B \-d \-m
+Start
+.I screen
+in \*Qdetached\*U mode. This creates a new session but doesn't
+attach to it. This is useful for system startup scripts.
+.TP 8
+.B \-D \-m
+This also starts screen in \*Qdetached\*U mode, but doesn't fork
+a new process. The command exits if the session terminates.
+.TP 5
+.B \-O
+selects an optimal output mode for your terminal rather than true VT100
+emulation (only affects auto-margin terminals without `LP').
+This can also be set in your .screenrc by specifying `OP' in a \*Qtermcap\*U
+command.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-p " number_or_name|-|=|+
+Preselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach to a
+specific window or you want to send a command via the \*Q-X\*U
+option to a specific window. As with screen's select command, \*Q-\*U
+selects the blank window. As a special case for reattach, \*Q=\*U
+brings up the windowlist on the blank window, while a \*Q+\*U
+will create a new window. The command will not be
+executed if the specified window could not be found.
+.TP 5
+.B \-q
+Suppress printing of error messages. In combination with \*Q-ls\*U the exit 
+value is as follows: 9 indicates a directory without sessions. 10 
+indicates a directory with running but not attachable sessions. 11 (or more) 
+indicates 1 (or more) usable sessions.
+In combination with \*Q-r\*U the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that 
+there is no session to resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or 
+more) sessions to resume and you should specify which one to choose. 
+In all other cases \*Q-q\*U has no effect.
+.TP 5
+.B \-Q
+Some commands now can be queried from a remote session using this
+flag, e.g. \*Qscreen \-Q windows\*U. The commands will send the
+response to the stdout of the querying process. If there was an
+error in the command, then the querying process will exit with
+a non-zero status.
+
+The commands that can be queried now are:
+ \fBecho\fP
+ \fBinfo\fP
+ \fBlastmsg\fP
+ \fBnumber\fP
+ \fBselect\fP
+ \fBtime\fP
+ \fBtitle\fP
+ \fBwindows\fP
+.TP 5
+.BR \-r " [" \fIpid.tty.host ]
+.PD 0
+.TP 5
+.BR \-r " \fIsessionowner/[" \fIpid.tty.host ]
+.PD
+resumes a detached
+.I screen
+session.  No other options (except combinations with \fB\-d\fP/\fB\-D\fP) may
+be specified, though an optional prefix of [\fIpid.\fP]\fItty.host\fP
+may be needed to distinguish between multiple detached
+.I screen
+sessions.  The second form is used to connect to another user's screen session
+which runs in multiuser mode. This indicates that screen should look for
+sessions in another user's directory. This requires setuid-root.
+.TP 5
+.B \-R
+resumes screen only when it's unambiguous which one to attach, usually
+when only one
+.I screen
+is detached. Otherwise lists available sessions.
+.B \-RR
+attempts to resume the first detached
+.I screen
+session it finds.  If successful, all other command-line options are ignored.
+If no detached session exists, starts a new session using the specified
+options, just as if
+.B \-R
+had not been specified. The option is set by default if
+.I screen
+is run as a login-shell (actually screen uses \*Q\-xRR\*U in that case).
+For combinations with the \fB\-d\fP/\fB\-D\fP option see there.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-s " program 
+sets the default shell to the program specified, instead of the value
+in the environment variable $SHELL (or \*Q/bin/sh\*U if not defined).
+This can also be defined through the \*Qshell\*U .screenrc command.
+See also there.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-S " sessionname
+When creating a new session, this option can be used to specify a
+meaningful name for the session. This name identifies the session for
+\*Qscreen \-list\*U and \*Qscreen \-r\*U actions. It substitutes the
+default [\fItty.host\fP] suffix. This name should not be longer
+then 80 symbols.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-t " name
+sets the title (a.\|k.\|a.) for the default shell or specified program.
+See also the \*Qshelltitle\*U .screenrc command.
+.TP 5
+.BI "\-T " term
+Set the $TERM environment variable using the specified term as
+opposed to the default setting of \fBscreen\fP.
+.TP 5
+.B \-U
+Run screen in UTF-8 mode. This option tells screen that your terminal
+sends and understands UTF-8 encoded characters. It also sets the default
+encoding for new windows to `utf8'.
+.TP 5
+.B \-v
+Print version number.
+.TP 5
+.BR \-wipe " [" \fImatch ]
+does the same as \*Qscreen \-ls\*U, but removes destroyed sessions instead of
+marking them as `dead'.
+An unreachable session is considered dead, when its name matches either 
+the name of the local host, or the explicitly given parameter, if any.
+See the \fB-r\fP flag for a description how to construct matches.
+.TP 5
+.B \-x
+Attach to a not detached
+.I screen
+session. (Multi display mode).
+.I Screen
+refuses to attach from within itself. 
+But when cascading multiple screens, loops are not detected; take care.
+.TP 5
+.B \-X
+Send the specified command to a running screen session. You may
+use the \fB-S\fP option to specify the screen session if you have
+several screen sessions running. You can use the \fB-d\fP or
+\fB-r\fP option to tell screen to look only for attached or
+detached screen sessions. Note that this command doesn't work if
+the session is password protected.
+
+.TP 5
+.B \-4
+Resolve hostnames only to IPv4 addresses.
+.TP 5
+.B \-6
+Resolve hostnames only to IPv6 addresses.
+.SH "DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS"
+.ta 12n 26n
+As mentioned, each
+.I screen
+command consists of a
+\*QC-a\*U followed by one other character.
+For your convenience, all commands that are bound to lower-case letters are
+also bound to their control character counterparts (with the exception
+of \*QC-a a\*U; see below), thus, \*QC-a c\*U as well as \*QC-a C-c\*U can
+be used to create a window. See section \*QCUSTOMIZATION\*U for a description
+of the command.
+.PP
+The following table shows the default key bindings. The trailing
+commas in boxes with multiple keystroke entries are separators,
+not part of the bindings.
+.TS
+tab(;);
+lb l l.
+_
+C-a ';(select);T{
+Prompt for a window name or number to switch to.
+T}
+_
+C-a \[dq];(windowlist -b);T{
+Present a list of all windows for selection.
+T}
+_
+C-a \fIdigit\fP;(select 0-9);T{
+Switch to window number 0 \- 9
+T}
+_
+C-a -;(select -);T{
+Switch to window number 0 \- 9, or to the blank window.
+T}
+_
+C-a tab;(focus);T{
+Switch the input focus to the next region.
+See also \fIsplit, remove, only\fP.
+T}
+_
+C-a C-a;(other);T{
+Toggle to the window displayed previously.
+Note that this binding defaults to the command character typed twice,
+unless overridden.  For instance, if you use the option \*Q\fB\-e]x\fP\*U,
+this command becomes \*Q]]\*U.
+T}
+_
+C-a a  ;(meta);T{
+Send the command character (C-a) to window. See \fIescape\fP command.
+T}
+_
+C-a A;(title);T{
+Allow the user to enter a name for the current window.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a b,
+.br
+C-a C-b
+T};(break);T{
+Send a break to window.
+T}
+_
+C-a B;(pow_break);T{
+Reopen the terminal line and send a break.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a c,
+.br
+C-a C-c
+T};(screen);T{
+Create a new window with a shell and switch to that window.
+T}
+_
+C-a C\fP;(clear);T{
+Clear the screen.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a d,
+.br
+C-a C-d
+T};(detach);T{
+Detach
+.I screen
+from this terminal.
+T}
+_
+C-a D D;(pow_detach);T{
+Detach and logout.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a f,
+.br
+C-a C-f\fP
+T};(flow);T{
+Toggle flow \fIon\fP, \fIoff\fP or \fIauto\fP.
+T}
+_
+C-a F;(fit);T{
+Resize the window to the current region size.
+T}
+_
+C-a C-g;(vbell);T{
+Toggles
+.I screen's
+visual bell mode.
+T}
+_
+C-a h;(hardcopy);T{
+Write a hardcopy of the current window to the file \*Qhardcopy.\fIn\fP\*U.
+T}
+_
+C-a H;(log);T{
+Begins/ends logging of the current window to the file \*Qscreenlog.\fIn\fP\*U.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a i,
+.br
+C-a C-i
+T};(info);T{
+Show info about this window.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a k,
+.br
+C-a C-k
+T};(kill);T{
+Destroy current window.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a l,
+.br
+C-a C-l
+T};(redisplay);T{
+Fully refresh current window.
+T}
+_
+C-a L;(login);T{
+Toggle this windows login slot. Available only if
+.I screen
+is configured to update the utmp database.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a m,
+.br
+C-a C-m
+T};(lastmsg);T{
+Repeat the last message displayed in the message line.
+T}
+_
+C-a M;(monitor);T{
+Toggles monitoring of the current window.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a space,
+.br
+C-a n,
+.br
+C-a C-n
+T};(next);T{
+Switch to the next window.
+T}
+_
+C-a N;(number);T{
+Show the number (and title) of the current window.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a backspace,
+.br
+C-a C-h,
+.br
+C-a p,
+.br
+C-a C-p
+T};(prev);T{
+Switch to the previous window (opposite of \fBC-a n\fP).
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a q,
+.br
+C-a C-q
+T};(xon);T{
+Send a control-q to the current window.
+T}
+_
+C-a Q;(only);T{
+Delete all regions but the current one.
+See also \fIsplit, remove, focus\fP.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a r,
+.br
+C-a C-r
+T};(wrap);T{
+Toggle the current window's line-wrap setting (turn the current window's
+automatic margins on and off).
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a s,
+.br
+C-a C-s;
+T};(xoff);T{
+Send a control-s to the current window.
+T}
+_
+C-a S;(split);T{
+Split the current region horizontally into two new ones.
+See also \fIonly, remove, focus\fP.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a t,
+.br
+C-a C-t
+T};(time);T{
+Show system information.
+T}
+_
+C-a v;(version);T{
+Display the version and compilation date.
+T}
+_
+C-a C-v;(digraph);T{
+Enter digraph.
+T}
+T{
+C-a w,
+.br
+C-a C-w
+T};(windows);T{
+Show a list of window.
+T}
+_
+C-a W;(width);T{
+Toggle 80/132 columns.
+T}
+_
+C-a x \fRor\fP C-a C-x;(lockscreen);T{
+Lock this terminal.
+T}
+_
+C-a X\fP ;(remove);T{
+Kill the current region.
+See also \fIsplit, only, focus\fP.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a z,
+.br
+C-a C-z
+T};(suspend);T{
+Suspend
+.IR screen .
+Your system must support BSD-style job-control.
+T}
+_
+C-a Z;(reset);T{
+Reset the virtual terminal to its \*Qpower-on\*U values.
+T}
+_
+C-a .;(dumptermcap);T{
+Write out a \*Q.termcap\*U file.
+T}
+_
+C-a ?;(help);T{
+Show key bindings.
+T}
+_
+C-a \e;(quit);T{
+Kill all windows and terminate
+.IR screen .
+T}
+_
+C-a :;(colon);T{
+Enter command line mode.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a [,
+.br
+C-a C-[\fP,
+.br
+C-a esc
+T};(copy);T{
+Enter copy/scrollback mode.
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a C-],
+.br
+C-a ]
+T};(paste .);T{
+Write the contents of the paste buffer to the stdin queue of the
+current window. 
+T}
+_
+T{
+C-a {\fP,
+.br
+C-a }
+T};(history);T{
+Copy and paste a previous (command) line.
+T}
+_
+C-a >;(writebuf);T{
+Write paste buffer to a file.
+T}
+_
+C-a <;(readbuf);T{
+Reads the screen-exchange file into the paste buffer.
+T}
+_
+C-a =;(removebuf);T{
+Removes the file used by \fBC-a <\fP and \fPC-a >\fP.
+T}
+_
+C-a ,;(license);T{
+Shows where
+.I screen
+comes from, where it went to and why you can use it.
+T}
+_
+C-a _;(silence);T{
+Start/stop monitoring the current window for inactivity.
+T}
+_
+C-a |;(split -v);T{
+Split the current region vertically into two new ones.
+T}
+_
+C-a *;(displays);T{
+Show a listing of all currently attached displays.
+T}
+_
+.TE
+
+.SH CUSTOMIZATION
+The \*Qsocket directory\*U defaults either to $HOME/.screen or simply to
+/tmp/screens or preferably to /usr/local/screens chosen at compile-time. If
+.I screen
+is installed setuid-root, then the administrator
+should compile
+.I screen
+with an adequate (not NFS mounted) socket directory. If
+.I screen
+is not running setuid-root, the user can specify any mode 700 directory
+in the environment variable $SCREENDIR.
+.PP
+When
+.I screen
+is invoked, it executes initialization commands from the files
+\*Q/usr/local/etc/screenrc\*U and
+\*Q.screenrc\*U in the user's home directory. These are the \*Qprogrammer's
+defaults\*U that can be overridden in the following ways: for the
+global screenrc file 
+.I screen
+searches for the environment variable $SYSSCREENRC (this override feature
+may be disabled at compile-time). The user specific
+screenrc file is searched in $SCREENRC, then $HOME/.screenrc.
+The command line option \fB\-c\fP takes
+precedence over the above user screenrc files.
+.PP
+Commands in these files are used to set options, bind functions to
+keys, and to automatically establish one or more windows at the
+beginning of your
+.I screen
+session.
+Commands are listed one per line, with empty lines being ignored.
+A command's arguments are separated by tabs or spaces, and may be
+surrounded by single or double quotes.
+A `#' turns the rest of the line into a comment, except in quotes.
+Unintelligible lines are warned about and ignored.
+Commands may contain references to environment variables. The 
+syntax is the shell-like "$VAR " or "${VAR}". Note that this causes 
+incompatibility with previous 
+.I screen
+versions, as now the '$'-character has to be protected with '\e' if no
+variable substitution shall be performed. A string in single-quotes is also
+protected from variable substitution.
+.PP
+Two configuration files are shipped as examples with your screen distribution:
+\*Qetc/screenrc\*U and \*Qetc/etcscreenrc\*U. They contain a number of
+useful examples for various commands.
+.PP
+Customization can also be done 'on-line'. To enter the command mode type
+`C-a :'. Note that commands starting with \*Qdef\*U change default values,
+while others change current settings.
+.PP
+The following commands are available:
+.TP
+.BI acladd " usernames " \fR[\fP crypted-pw \fR]\fR
+.TP
+.BI addacl " usernames"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Enable users to fully access this screen session. \fIUsernames\fP can be one
+user or a comma separated list of users. This command enables to attach to the
+.I screen
+session and performs the equivalent of `aclchg \fIusernames\fP +rwx \&"#?\&"'.
+executed. To add a user with restricted access, use the `aclchg' command below.
+If an optional second parameter is supplied, it should be a crypted password
+for the named user(s). `Addacl' is a synonym to `acladd'.
+Multi user mode only.
+.RE 
+.TP
+.BI aclchg " usernames permbits list"
+.TP
+.BI chacl " usernames permbits list"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change permissions for a comma separated list of users. Permission bits are
+represented as `r', `w' and `x'. Prefixing `+' grants the permission, `\-'
+removes it. The third parameter is a comma separated list of commands and/or
+windows (specified either by number or title). The special list `#' refers to 
+all windows, `?' to all commands. if \fIusernames\fP consists of a single `*',
+all known users are affected.
+.PP
+A command can be executed when the user has the `x' bit for it.
+The user can type input to a window when he has its `w' bit set and no other
+user obtains a writelock for this window. 
+Other bits are currently ignored.  
+To withdraw the writelock from another user in window 2:
+`aclchg \fIusername\fP \-w+w 2'.
+To allow read-only access to the session: `aclchg \fIusername\fP
+\-w \&"#\&"'. As soon as a user's name is known to
+.I screen 
+he can attach to the session and (per default) has full permissions for all 
+command and windows. Execution permission for the acl commands, `at' and others
+should also be removed or the user may be able to regain write permission.
+Rights of the special username
+.B nobody
+cannot be changed (see the \*Qsu\*U command).
+`Chacl' is a synonym to `aclchg'.
+Multi user mode only.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI acldel " username"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Remove a user from
+.IR screen 's
+access control list. If currently attached, all the
+user's displays are detached from the session. He cannot attach again.
+Multi user mode only.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI aclgrp " username " \fR[\fP groupname \fR]\fP
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Creates groups of users that share common access rights. The name of the 
+group is the username of the group leader. Each member of the group inherits
+the permissions that are granted to the group leader. That means, if a user
+fails an access check, another check is made for the group leader.
+A user is removed from all groups the special value \*Qnone\*U is used for
+.IR groupname .
+If the second parameter is omitted all groups the user is in are listed.
+.RE
+.TP
+\fBaclumask\fP [[ \fIusers\fP ] \fI+bits\fP | [ \fIusers\fR ] \fI-bits...\fP ]
+.TP
+\fBumask\fP [[ \fIusers\fP ] \fI+bits\fP | [ \fIusers\fR ] \fI-bits...\fP ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This specifies the access other users have to windows that will be created by
+the caller of the command.
+.I Users
+may be no, one or a comma separated list of known usernames. If no users are
+specified, a list of all currently known users is assumed. 
+.I Bits
+is any combination of access control bits allowed defined with the 
+\*Qaclchg\*U command. The special username \*Q?\*U predefines the access
+that not yet known users will be granted to any window initially.
+The special username \*Q??\*U predefines the access that not yet known 
+users are granted to any command. 
+Rights of the special username
+.B nobody
+cannot be changed (see the \*Qsu\*U command).
+`Umask' is a synonym to `aclumask'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI activity " message"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+When any activity occurs in a background window that is being monitored,
+.I screen
+displays a notification in the message line.
+The notification message can be re-defined by means of the \*Qactivity\*U
+command.
+Each occurrence of `%' in \fImessage\fP is replaced by
+the number of the window in which activity has occurred,
+and each occurrence of `^G' is replaced by the definition for bell
+in your termcap (usually an audible bell).
+The default message is
+.PP
+.nf
+	'Activity in window %n'
+.fi
+.PP
+Note that monitoring is off for all windows by default, but can be altered
+by use of the \*Qmonitor\*U command (C-a M).
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "allpartial [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If set to on, only the current cursor line is refreshed on window change.
+This affects all windows and is useful for slow terminal lines. The 
+previous setting of full/partial refresh for each window is restored
+with \*Qallpartial off\*U.  This is a global flag that immediately takes effect
+on all windows overriding the \*Qpartial\*U settings. It does not change the
+default redraw behavior of newly created windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "altscreen [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If set to on, "alternate screen" support is enabled in virtual terminals,
+just like in xterm.  Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "at " "[\fIidentifier\fP][" "#\fP|\fP*\fP|\fP%\fP] " "command " [ \fIargs\fP " ... ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Execute a command at other displays or windows as if it had been entered there.
+\*QAt\*U changes the context (the `current window' or `current display'
+setting) of the command. If the first parameter describes a 
+non-unique context, the command will be executed multiple times. If the first 
+parameter is of the form `\fIidentifier\fP*' then identifier is matched against
+user names.  The command is executed once for each display of the selected 
+user(s). If the first parameter is of the form `\fIidentifier\fP%' identifier 
+is matched against displays. Displays are named after the ttys they 
+attach. The prefix `/dev/' or `/dev/tty' may be omitted from the identifier.
+If \fIidentifier\fP has a `#' or nothing appended it is matched against 
+window numbers and titles. Omitting an identifier in front of the `#', `*' or 
+`%'-character selects all users, displays or windows because a prefix-match is
+performed. Note that on the affected display(s) a short message will describe
+what happened. Permission is checked for initiator of the \*Qat\*U command,
+not for the owners of the affected display(s).
+Note that the '#' character works as a comment introducer when it is preceded by
+whitespace. This can be escaped by prefixing a '\e'. 
+Permission is checked for the initiator of the \*Qat\*U command, not for the
+owners of the affected display(s).
+.PP
+Caveat: 
+When matching against windows, the command is executed at least 
+once per window. Commands that change the internal arrangement of windows
+(like \*Qother\*U) may be called again. In shared windows the command will
+be repeated for each attached display. Beware, when issuing toggle commands
+like \*Qlogin\*U!
+Some commands (e.g. \*Qprocess\*U) require that 
+a display is associated with the target windows.  These commands may not work
+correctly under \*Qat\*U looping over windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "attrcolor " "attrib " \fR[\fP "attribute/color-modifier" \fR]\fP
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command can be used to highlight attributes by changing the color of
+the text. If the attribute
+.I attrib
+is in use, the specified attribute/color modifier is also applied. If no
+modifier is given, the current one is deleted. See the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U
+chapter for the syntax of the modifier. Screen understands two
+pseudo-attributes, \*Qi\*U stands for high-intensity foreground
+color and \*QI\*U for high-intensity background color.
+.sp
+Examples:
+.IP
+attrcolor b "R"
+.PP
+Change the color to bright red if bold text is to be printed.
+.IP
+attrcolor u "\-u b"
+.PP
+Use blue text instead of underline.
+.IP
+attrcolor b ".I"
+.PP
+Use bright colors for bold text. Most terminal emulators do this
+already.
+.IP
+attrcolor i "+b"
+.PP
+Make bright colored text also bold.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "autodetach [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets whether 
+.I screen
+will automatically detach upon hangup, which
+saves all your running programs until they are resumed with a
+.B "screen \-r"
+command.
+When turned off, a hangup signal will terminate 
+.I screen
+and all the processes it contains. Autodetach is on by default.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "autonuke [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets whether a clear screen sequence should nuke all the output
+that has not been written to the terminal. See also
+\*Qobuflimit\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "backtick " "id lifespan autorefresh cmd args..."
+.TP
+.BI "backtick " id
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Program the backtick command with the numerical id \fIid\fP.
+The output of such a command is used for substitution of the
+\*Q%`\*U string escape. The specified \fIlifespan\fP is the number
+of seconds the output is considered valid. After this time, the
+command is run again if a corresponding string escape is encountered.
+The \fIautorefresh\fP parameter triggers an
+automatic refresh for caption and hardstatus strings after the
+specified number of seconds. Only the last line of output is used
+for substitution.
+.PP
+If both the \fIlifespan\fP and the \fIautorefresh\fP parameters
+are zero, the backtick program is expected to stay in the
+background and generate output once in a while.
+In this case, the command is executed right away and screen stores
+the last line of output. If a new line gets printed screen will
+automatically refresh the hardstatus or the captions.
+.PP
+The second form of the command deletes the backtick command
+with the numerical id \fIid\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "bce [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change background-color-erase setting. If \*Qbce\*U is set to on, all
+characters cleared by an erase/insert/scroll/clear operation
+will be displayed in the current background color. Otherwise
+the default background color is used.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "bell_msg " [ \fImessage\fP ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+When a bell character is sent to a background window,
+.I screen
+displays a notification in the message line.
+The notification message can be re-defined by this command.
+Each occurrence of `%' in \fImessage\fP is replaced by
+the number of the window to which a bell has been sent,
+and each occurrence of `^G' is replaced by the definition for bell
+in your termcap (usually an audible bell).
+The default message is
+.PP
+.nf
+	'Bell in window %n'
+.fi
+.PP
+An empty message can be supplied to the \*Qbell_msg\*U command to suppress
+output of a message line (bell_msg "").
+Without parameter, the current message is shown.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "bind " [ \fIclass\fP ] " \fIkey\fP " [ \fIcommand\fP " [" \fIargs\fP ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Bind a command to a key.
+By default, most of the commands provided by
+.I screen
+are bound to one or more keys as indicated in the \*QDEFAULT KEY BINDINGS\*U
+section, e.\|g. the
+command to create a new window is bound to \*QC-c\*U and \*Qc\*U.
+The \*Qbind\*U command can be used to redefine the key bindings and to
+define new bindings.
+The \fIkey\fP argument is either a single character, a two-character sequence
+of the form \*Q^x\*U (meaning \*QC-x\*U), a backslash followed by an octal
+number (specifying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed
+by a second character, such as \*Q\e^\*U or \*Q\e\e\*U.
+The argument can also be quoted, if you like.
+If no further argument is given, any previously established binding
+for this key is removed.
+The \fIcommand\fP argument can be any command listed in this section.
+.PP
+If a command class is specified via the \*Q\-c\*U option, the key
+is bound for the specified class. Use the \*Qcommand\*U command
+to activate a class. Command classes can be used to create multiple
+command keys or multi-character bindings.
+.PP
+Some examples:
+.PP
+.nf
+	bind ' ' windows
+	bind ^k
+	bind k
+	bind K kill
+	bind ^f screen telnet foobar
+	bind \e033 screen \-ln \-t root \-h 1000 9 su
+.fi
+.PP
+would bind the space key to the command that displays a list
+of windows (so that the command usually invoked by \*QC-a C-w\*U
+would also be available as \*QC-a space\*U). The next three lines
+remove the default kill binding from \*QC-a C-k\*U and \*QC-a k\*U. 
+\*QC-a K\*U is then bound to the kill command. Then it
+binds \*QC-f\*U to the command \*Qcreate a window with a TELNET
+connection to foobar\*U, and bind \*Qescape\*U to the command
+that creates an non-login window with a.\|k.\|a. \*Qroot\*U in slot #9, with
+a superuser shell and a scrollback buffer of 1000 lines.
+.PP
+.nf
+	bind \-c demo1 0 select 10
+	bind \-c demo1 1 select 11
+	bind \-c demo1 2 select 12
+	bindkey "^B" command \-c demo1
+.fi
+.PP
+makes \*QC-b 0\*U select window 10, \*QC-b 1\*U window 11, etc.
+.PP
+.nf
+	bind \-c demo2 0 select 10
+	bind \-c demo2 1 select 11
+	bind \-c demo2 2 select 12
+	bind \- command \-c demo2
+.fi
+.PP
+makes \*QC-a \- 0\*U select window 10, \*QC-a \- 1\*U window 11, etc.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "bindkey " [ \-d "] [" \-m "] [" \-a "] [[" \-k | \-t ] " \fIstring\fR " [ "\fIcmd-args\fP" ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command manages screen's input translation tables. Every
+entry in one of the tables tells screen how to react if a certain
+sequence of characters is encountered. There are three tables:
+one that should contain actions programmed by the user, one for
+the default actions used for terminal emulation and one for
+screen's copy mode to do cursor movement. See section
+\*QINPUT TRANSLATION\*U for a list of default key bindings.
+.PP
+If the
+.B \-d
+option is given, bindkey modifies the default table,
+.B \-m
+changes the copy mode table
+and with neither option the user table is selected.
+The argument
+.I string
+is the sequence of characters to which an action is bound. This
+can either be a fixed string or a termcap keyboard capability
+name (selectable with the
+.B \-k
+option).
+.PP
+Some keys on a VT100 terminal can send a different
+string if application mode is turned on (e.g the cursor keys).
+Such keys have two entries in the translation table. You can
+select the application mode entry by specifying the
+.B \-a
+option.
+.PP
+The
+.B \-t
+option tells screen not to do inter-character timing. One cannot
+turn off the timing if a termcap capability is used.
+.PP
+.I Cmd
+can be any of screen's commands with an arbitrary number of
+.IR args .
+If
+.I cmd
+is omitted the key-binding is removed from the table.
+.PP
+Here are some examples of keyboard bindings:
+.sp
+.nf
+        bindkey \-d
+.fi
+.sp
+Show all of the default key bindings. The application mode entries
+are marked with [A].
+.sp
+.nf
+        bindkey \-k k1 select 1
+.fi
+.sp
+Make the "F1" key switch to window one.
+.sp
+.nf
+        bindkey \-t foo stuff barfoo
+.fi
+.sp
+Make "foo" an abbreviation of the word "barfoo". Timeout is disabled
+so that users can type slowly.
+.sp
+.nf
+        bindkey "\e024" mapdefault
+.fi
+.sp
+This key-binding makes \*Q^T\*U an escape character for key-bindings. If
+you did the above \*Qstuff barfoo\*U binding, you can enter the word
+\*Qfoo\*U by typing \*Q^Tfoo\*U. If you want to insert a \*Q^T\*U
+you have to press the key twice (i.e., escape the escape binding).
+.sp
+.nf
+        bindkey \-k F1 command
+.fi
+.sp
+Make the F11 (not F1!) key an alternative screen
+escape (besides ^A).
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "break " [ \fIduration\fR ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Send a break signal for \fIduration\fP*0.25 seconds to this window.
+For non-Posix systems the time interval may be rounded up to full seconds.
+Most useful if a character device is attached to the window rather than 
+a shell process (See also chapter \*QWINDOW TYPES\*U). The maximum duration of
+a break signal is limited to 15 seconds.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B blanker
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Activate the screen blanker. First the screen is cleared. If no blanker
+program is defined, the cursor is turned off, otherwise, the 
+program is started and it's output is written to the screen.
+The screen blanker is killed with the first keypress, the read key
+is discarded.
+.PP
+This command is normally used together with the \*Qidle\*U command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBblankerprg\fR " [ "program-args" ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines a blanker program. Disables the blanker program if an
+empty argument is given. Shows the currently set blanker program if no
+arguments are given.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBbreaktype\fP " [ tcsendbreak | TIOCSBRK | TCSBRK ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Choose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for
+terminal devices. This command should affect the current window only.
+But it still behaves identical to \*Qdefbreaktype\*U. This will be changed in
+the future.
+Calling \*Qbreaktype\*U with no parameter displays the break method for the
+current window.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBbufferfile\fP " [ exchange-file ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the filename used for reading and writing with the paste buffer.
+If the optional argument to the \*Qbufferfile\*U command is omitted, 
+the default setting (\*Q/tmp/screen\-exchange\*U) is reactivated.
+The following example will paste the system's password file into 
+the
+.I screen
+window (using the paste buffer, where a copy remains):
+.PP
+.nf
+	C-a : bufferfile /etc/passwd
+	C-a < C-a ]
+	C-a : bufferfile
+.fi
+.sp
+.ne 3
+.BR bumpleft
+.PP
+Swaps window with previous one on window list.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR bumpright
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Swaps window with next one on window list.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "c1 [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change c1 code processing. \fBC1 on\fP tells screen to treat
+the input characters between 128 and 159 as control functions.
+Such an 8-bit code is normally the same as ESC followed by the
+corresponding 7-bit code. The default setting is to process c1
+codes and can be changed with the \*Qdefc1\*U command. 
+Users with fonts that have usable characters in the
+c1 positions may want to turn this off.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "caption [ top | bottom ] always" | splitonly [ string ]
+.TP
+.IR "\fBcaption string\fP " [ string ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command controls the display of the window captions. Normally
+a caption is only used if more than one window is shown on the
+display (split screen mode). But if the type is set to
+.B always
+screen shows a caption even if only one window is displayed. The default
+is
+.BR splitonly .
+.P
+The second form changes the text used for the caption. You can use
+all escapes from the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U chapter. Screen uses
+a default of `%3n %t'.
+.P
+You can mix both forms by providing a string as an additional argument.
+.P
+You can have the caption displayed either at the top or bottom of the window.
+The default is 
+.BR bottom .
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "charset " set
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the current character set slot designation and charset
+mapping.  The first four character of
+.I set
+are treated as charset designators while the fifth and sixth
+character must be in range '0' to '3' and set the GL/GR charset
+mapping. On every position a '.' may be used to indicate that
+the corresponding charset/mapping should not be changed
+(\fIset\fP is padded to six characters internally by appending '.'
+chars). New windows have "BBBB02" as default charset, unless a
+\*Qencoding\*U command is active.
+.br
+The current setting can be viewed with the \*Qinfo\*U command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBchdir\fP " [ directory ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the \fIcurrent directory\fP of
+.I screen
+to the specified directory or, if called without an argument,
+to your home directory (the value of the environment variable $HOME).
+All windows that are created by means of the \*Qscreen\*U command
+from within \*Q.screenrc\*U or by means of \*QC-a : screen ...\*U
+or \*QC-a c\*U use this as their default directory.
+Without a chdir command, this would be the directory from which
+.I screen
+was invoked.
+.PP
+Hardcopy and log files are always written to the \fIwindow's\fP default
+directory, \fInot\fP the current directory of the process running in the
+window.
+You can use this command multiple times in your .screenrc to start various
+windows in different default directories, but the last chdir value will
+affect all the windows you create interactively.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B cjkwidth [ on | off ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Treat ambiguous width characters as full/half width.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B clear
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Clears the current window and saves its image to the scrollback buffer.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B collapse
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Reorders window on window list, removing number gaps between them.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBcolon " [ prefix ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Allows you to enter \*Q.screenrc\*U command lines. Useful 
+for on-the-fly modification of key bindings, 
+specific window creation and changing settings. Note that the \*Qset\*U
+keyword no longer exists! Usually commands affect the current window rather 
+than default settings for future windows. Change defaults with commands
+starting with 'def...'.
+.PP
+If you consider this as the `Ex command mode' of 
+.IR screen ,
+you may regard \*QC-a esc\*U (copy mode) as its `Vi command mode'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "command [ \-c " \fIclass\fP" ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command has the same effect as typing the screen escape
+character (^A). It is probably only useful for key bindings.
+If the \*Q\-c\*U option is given, select the specified command
+class.  See also \*Qbind\*U and \*Qbindkey\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "compacthist [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This tells screen whether to suppress trailing blank lines when
+scrolling up text into the history buffer.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "console [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Grabs or un-grabs the machines console output to a window.
+.IR Note :
+Only the owner of /dev/console can grab the console output.
+This command is only available if the machine supports the ioctl TIOCCONS.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B copy
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Enter copy/scrollback mode. This allows you to copy text from the current
+window and its history into the paste buffer. In this mode a vi-like
+`full screen editor' is active:
+.br
+The editor's movement keys are:
+
+.TS
+tab(@);
+l l.
+_
+T{
+\fBh\fP, \fBC-h\fP,
+.br
+\fBleft arrow\fP
+T}@move the cursor left.
+_
+T{
+\fBj\fP, \fBC-n\fP,
+.br
+\fBdown arrow\fP
+T}@move the cursor down.
+_
+T{
+\fBk\fP, \fBC-p\fP,
+.br
+\fBup arrow\fP
+T}@move the cursor up.
+_
+T{
+\fBl\fP ('el'),
+.br
+\fBright arrow\fP
+T}@move the cursor right.
+_
+\fB0\fP (zero) \fBC-a\fP@move to the leftmost column.
+_
+\fB+\fP and \fB\-\fP@positions one line up and down.
+_
+\fBH\fP, \fBM\fP and \fBL\fP@T{
+move the cursor to the leftmost column
+of the top, center or bottom line of the window. 
+T}
+_
+\fB|\fP@moves to the specified absolute column.
+_
+\fBg\fP or \fBhome\fP@moves to the beginning of the buffer.
+_
+\fBG\fP or \fBend\fP@T{
+moves to the specified absolute line (default: end of buffer).
+T}
+_
+\fB%\fP@jumps to the specified percentage of the buffer.
+_
+\fB^\fP or \fB$\fP@T{
+move to the leftmost column, to the first or last
+non-whitespace character on the line.
+T}
+_
+\fBw\fP, \fBb\fP, and \fBe\fP@move the cursor word by word.
+_
+\fBB\fP, \fBE\fP@move the cursor WORD by WORD (as in vi).
+_
+\fBf/F\fP, \fBt/T\fP@T{
+move the cursor forward/backward to the next occurrence of the
+target. (eg, '3fy' will move the cursor to the 3rd 'y' to the right.)
+T}
+_
+\fB;\fP and \fB,\fP@T{
+Repeat the last f/F/t/T command in the same/opposite direction.
+T}
+_
+\fBC-e\fP and \fBC-y\fP@T{
+scroll the display up/down by one line
+while preserving the cursor position.
+T}
+_
+\fBC-u\fP and \fBC-d\fP@T{
+scroll the display up/down by the specified amount of 
+lines while preserving the cursor position. (Default: half screen-full). 
+T}
+_
+\fBC-b\fP and \fBC-f\fP@scroll the display up/down a full screen.
+_
+.TE
+.\"\fBf\fP,\fBt\fP, \fBF\fP, \fBT\fP@T{
+.\"move the cursor forward/backward to the next occurrence of the target.
+.\"T}
+
+.PP
+Note: Emacs style movement keys can be customized by a .screenrc
+command.  (E.\|g. markkeys "h=^B:l=^F:$=^E") There is no simple method
+for a full emacs-style keymap, as this involves multi-character codes.
+.PP
+Some keys are defined to do mark and replace operations.
+.PP
+The copy range is specified by setting two marks. The text between these marks 
+will be highlighted. Press:
+.IP
+\fBspace\fP or \fBenter\fP to set the first or second mark
+respectively. If \fBmousetrack\fP is set to `on', marks can also be set using
+\fPleft mouse click\fP.
+.PP
+.IP
+\fBY\fP and \fBy\fP used to mark one whole line or to mark from 
+start of line.
+.IP
+\fBW\fP marks exactly one word. 
+.PP
+Any of these commands can be prefixed with a repeat count number by pressing 
+digits 
+.IP
+\fB0\fP..\fB9\fP which
+is taken as a repeat count. 
+.PP
+Example: \*QC-a C-[ H 10 j 5 Y\*U will copy lines
+11 to 15 into the paste buffer.
+.PP
+The following search keys are defined:
+.IP
+\fB/\fP \fIVi\fP-like search forward.
+.IP
+\fB?\fP \fIVi\fP-like search backward.
+.IP 
+\fBC-a s\fP \fIEmacs\fP style incremental search forward.
+.IP
+\fBC-r\fP \fIEmacs\fP style reverse i-search.
+.IP
+\fBn\fP Find next search pattern.
+.IP
+\fBN\fP Find previous search pattern.
+
+.PP
+There are however some keys that act differently than in
+.IR vi .
+.I Vi
+does not allow one to yank rectangular blocks of text, but
+.I screen
+does. Press: \fBc\fP or \fBC\fP to set the left or right margin
+respectively. If no repeat count is given, both default to the current
+cursor position.
+.PP
+Example: Try this on a rather full text screen: 
+.sp 1
+.RS
+\*QC-a [ M 20 l SPACE c 10 l 5 j C SPACE\*U.
+.RE
+.sp 1
+This moves one to the middle line of the screen, moves in 20 columns left,
+marks the beginning of the paste buffer, sets the left column, moves 5 columns
+down, sets the right column, and then marks the end of
+the paste buffer. Now try:
+.sp 1
+.RS
+\*QC-a [ M 20 l SPACE 10 l 5 j SPACE\*U
+.RE
+.sp 1
+and notice the difference in the amount of text copied.
+.PP
+\fBJ\fP joins lines. It toggles between 4 modes: lines separated by a
+newline character (012), lines glued seamless, lines separated by a single
+whitespace and comma separated lines. Note that you can prepend the newline
+character with a carriage return character, by issuing a \*Qcrlf on\*U.
+.PP
+\fBv\fP or \fBV\fP is for all the
+.I vi 
+users with \*Q:set numbers\*U \- it toggles the left margin between column 9
+and 1. Press 
+.PP
+\fBa\fP before the final space key to toggle in append mode. Thus
+the contents of the paste buffer will not be overwritten, but is appended to.
+.PP
+\fBA\fP toggles in append mode and sets a (second) mark.
+.PP
+\fB>\fP sets the (second) mark and writes the contents of the paste buffer to
+the screen-exchange file (/tmp/screen\-exchange per default) once copy-mode is
+finished. 
+.PP
+This example demonstrates how to dump the whole scrollback buffer 
+to that file: \*QC-A [ g SPACE G $ >\*U.
+.PP
+\fBC-g\fP gives information about the current line and column.
+.PP
+\fBx\fP or \fBo\fP exchanges the first mark and the current cursor position. You
+can use this to adjust an already placed mark.
+.PP
+\fBC-l\fP ('el') will redraw the screen.
+.PP
+\fB@\fP does nothing. Does not even exit copy mode.
+.PP
+All keys not described here exit copy mode.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBcopy_reg " [ key ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+No longer exists, use \*Qreadreg\*U instead.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "crlf [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This affects the copying of text regions with the `C-a [' command. If it is set
+to `on', lines will be separated by the two character sequence `CR' - `LF'. 
+Otherwise (default) only `LF' is used.
+When no parameter is given, the state is toggled.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "debug [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Turns runtime debugging on or off. If 
+.I screen
+has been compiled with option \-DDEBUG debugging available and is turned on per
+default. Note that this command only affects debugging output from the main 
+\*QSCREEN\*U process correctly. Debug output from attacher processes can only
+be turned off once and forever.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defc1 [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBc1\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `on'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defautonuke [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBautonuke\fP command except that the default setting for new displays is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+Note that you can use the special `AN' terminal capability if you
+want to have a dependency on the terminal type.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defbce [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBbce\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBdefbreaktype\fP " [ tcsendbreak | TIOCSBRK | TCSBRK ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Choose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for
+terminal devices. The preferred methods are 
+.IR tcsendbreak " and " TIOCSBRK .
+The third, 
+.IR TCSBRK , 
+blocks the complete 
+.I screen
+session for the duration
+of the break, but it may be the only way to generate long breaks. 
+.IR Tcsendbreak " and " TIOCSBRK
+may or may not produce long breaks with spikes (e.g. 4 per
+second). This is not only system-dependent, this also differs between
+serial board drivers.
+Calling \*Qdefbreaktype\*U with no parameter displays the current setting.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defcharset " [ \fIset ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Like the \fBcharset\fP command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Shows current default if called without
+argument.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defdynamictitle [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set default behaviour for new windows regarding if screen should change window
+title when seeing proper escape sequence. See also "TITLES (naming windows)"
+section.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defescape " xy
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the default command characters. This is equivalent to the 
+\*Qescape\*U except that it is useful multiuser sessions only. In a
+multiuser session \*Qescape\*U changes the command character of the
+calling user, where \*Qdefescape\*U changes the default command
+characters for users that will be added later.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defflow [ on | off | auto [ interrupt ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBflow\fP command except that the default setting for new windows 
+is changed. Initial setting is `auto'.
+Specifying \fBdefflow auto interrupt\fP is the same as the command-line options
+.B \-fa
+and
+.BR \-i . 
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defgr [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBgr\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defhstatus " [ \fIstatus ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+The hardstatus line that all new windows will get is set to
+.I status\fR.
+This command is useful to make the hardstatus of every window
+display the window number or title or the like.
+.I Status
+may contain the same directives as in the window messages, but
+the directive escape character is '^E' (octal 005) instead of '%'.
+This was done to make a misinterpretation of program generated
+hardstatus lines impossible.
+If the parameter
+.I status
+is omitted, the current default string is displayed.
+Per default the hardstatus line of new windows is empty.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defencoding " enc
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBencoding\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is the encoding taken from the
+terminal.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "deflog [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBlog\fP command except that the default setting for new windows 
+is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "deflogin [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBlogin\fP command except that the default setting for new windows 
+is changed. This is initialized with `on' as distributed (see config.h.in).
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defmode " mode
+.RS 0
+.PP
+The mode of each newly allocated pseudo-tty is set to \fImode\fP.
+\fIMode\fP is an octal number.
+When no \*Qdefmode\*U command is given, mode 0622 is used.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defmonitor [ on | off]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBmonitor\fP command except that the default setting for new 
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defmousetrack [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBmousetrack\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defnonblock [ on | off | \fInumsecs\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBnonblock\fP command except that the default setting for
+displays is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defobuflimit " limit
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBobuflimit\fP command except that the default setting for new displays is changed. Initial setting is 256 bytes.
+Note that you can use the special 'OL' terminal capability if you
+want to have a dependency on the terminal type.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defscrollback " num
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBscrollback\fP command except that the default setting for new 
+windows is changed. Initial setting is 100.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defshell " command
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Synonym to the \fBshell\fP .screenrc command. See there.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defsilence [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBsilence\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "defslowpaste " msec
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBslowpaste\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is 0 milliseconds, meaning `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defutf8 [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fButf8\fP command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `on' if screen was started with
+\*Q\-U\*U, otherwise `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defwrap [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBwrap\fP command except that the default setting for new 
+windows is changed. Initially line-wrap is on and can be toggled with the 
+\*Qwrap\*U command (\*QC-a r\*U) or by means of "C-a : wrap on|off".
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "defwritelock [ on | off | auto ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Same as the \fBwritelock\fP command except that the default setting for new 
+windows is changed. Initially writelocks will off.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "detach " [ \-h ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Detach the 
+.I screen
+session (disconnect it from the terminal and put it into the background).
+This returns you to the shell where you invoked
+.IR screen .
+A detached
+.I screen
+can be resumed by invoking
+.I screen
+with the
+.B \-r
+option (see also section \*QCOMMAND-LINE OPTIONS\*U). The
+.B \-h
+option tells screen to immediately close the connection to the
+terminal (\*Qhangup\*U).
+.RE
+.TP
+.B dinfo
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Show what screen thinks about your terminal. Useful if you want to know
+why features like color or the alternate charset don't work.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B displays
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Shows a tabular listing of all currently connected user front-ends (displays).
+This is most useful for multiuser sessions.
+The following keys can be used in displays list:
+.PP
+.TS
+tab(@);
+l l.
+_
+\fBk\fP, \fBC-p\fP, or \fBup\fP@Move up one line.
+_
+\fBj\fP, \fBC-n\fP, or \fBdown\fP@Move down one line.
+_
+\fBC-a\fP or \fBhome\fP@Move to the first line.
+_
+\fBC-e\fP or \fBend\fP@Move to the last line.
+_
+\fBC-u\fP or \fBC-d\fP@Move one half page up or down.
+_
+\fBC-b\fP or \fBC-f\fP@Move one full page up or down.
+_
+\fBmouseclick\fP@T{
+Move to the selected line. Available
+when \*Qmousetrack\*U is set to on.
+T}
+_
+\fBspace\fP@Refresh the list
+_
+\fBd\fP@Detach that display
+_
+\fBD\fP@Power detach that display
+_
+\fBC-g\fP, \fBenter\fP, or \fBescape\fP@Exit the list
+_
+.TE
+.PP
+The following is an example of what \*Qdisplays\*U could look like:
+.RS
+.nf
+\fC
+xterm 80x42 jnweiger@/dev/ttyp4     0(m11)   &rWx
+facit 80x24 mlschroe@/dev/ttyhf nb 11(tcsh)   rwx
+xterm 80x42 jnhollma@/dev/ttyp5     0(m11)   &R.x
+ (A)   (B)     (C)     (D)     (E) (F)(G)   (H)(I)
+\fR
+.fi
+.RE
+.PP
+The legend is as follows:
+.IP
+(A) The terminal type known by screen for this display.
+.IP
+(B) Displays geometry as width x height.
+.IP
+(C) Username who is logged in at the display.
+.IP
+(D) Device name of the display or the attached device
+.IP
+(E) Display is in blocking or nonblocking mode.
+The available modes are "nb", "NB", "Z<", "Z>", and "BL".
+.IP
+(F) Number of the window
+.IP
+(G) Name/title of window
+.IP
+(H) Whether the window is shared
+.IP
+(I) Window permissions. Made up of three characters.
+.TS
+allbox tab(:);
+csssss
+cs cs cs
+l l l l l l.
+Window permissions indicators
+1st character:2nd character:3rd character
+\fB\-\fR:no read:\fB\-\fR:no write:\fB\-\fR:no execute
+\fBr\fR:read:\fBw\fR:write:\fBx\fR:execute
+::\fBW\fR:own wlock::
+.T&
+lsssss
+l l l l l l.
+Indicators of permissions suppressed by a foreign wlock
+\fBR\fR:read only:\fB.\fR:no write::
+.TE
+.PP
+.RS
+\*Qdisplays\*U needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide and 5 characters high in
+order to display.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBdigraph\fR " [ preset [ unicode-value ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command prompts the user for a digraph sequence. The next
+two characters typed are looked up in a builtin table and the
+resulting character is inserted in the input stream. For example,
+if the user enters 'a"', an a-umlaut will be inserted. If the
+first character entered is a 0 (zero),
+.I screen
+will treat the following characters (up to three) as an octal
+number instead.  The optional argument
+.I preset
+is treated as user input, thus one can create an \*Qumlaut\*U key.
+For example the command "bindkey ^K digraph '"'" enables the user
+to generate an a-umlaut by typing CTRL-K a.
+When a non-zero
+.I unicode-value
+is specified, a new digraph is created with the specified preset. The digraph is unset
+if a zero value is provided for the
+.I unicode-value.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B dumptermcap
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Write the termcap entry for the virtual terminal optimized for the currently
+active window to the file \*Q.termcap\*U in the user's 
+\*Q$HOME/.screen\*U directory (or wherever 
+.I screen
+stores its sockets. See the \*QFILES\*U section below).
+This termcap entry is identical to the value of the environment variable
+$TERMCAP that is set up by
+.I screen
+for each window. For terminfo based systems you will need to run a converter
+like 
+.IR captoinfo
+and then compile the entry with 
+.IR tic .
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "dynamictitle [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change behaviour for windows regarding if screen should change window title
+when seeing proper escape sequence. See also "TITLES (naming windows)" section.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "echo " [ \-n ] " \fImessage\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+The echo command may be used to annoy 
+.I screen
+users with a 'message of the
+day'. Typically installed in a global /local/etc/screenrc. 
+The option \*Q\-n\*U may be used to suppress the line feed.
+See also \*Qsleep\*U.
+Echo is also useful for online checking of environment variables.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "encoding " "enc " \fR[\fP enc \fR]\fP
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Tell 
+.I screen 
+how to interpret the input/output. The first argument
+sets the encoding of the current window. Each window can emulate
+a different encoding. The optional second parameter overwrites
+the encoding of the connected terminal. It should never be
+needed as screen uses the locale setting to detect the encoding.
+There is also a way to select a terminal encoding depending on
+the terminal type by using the \*QKJ\*U termcap entry.
+.PP
+Supported encodings are eucJP, SJIS, eucKR, eucCN, Big5, GBK,
+KOI8-R, KOI8-U, CP1251, UTF-8,
+ISO8859-2, ISO8859-3, ISO8859-4, ISO8859-5, ISO8859-6,
+ISO8859-7, ISO8859-8, ISO8859-9, ISO8859-10, ISO8859-15, jis.
+.PP
+See also \*Qdefencoding\*U, which changes the default setting of a new
+window.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "escape " xy
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the command character to \fIx\fP and the character generating a literal
+command character (by triggering the \*Qmeta\*U command) to \fIy\fP (similar
+to the \-e option).
+Each argument is either a single character, a two-character sequence
+of the form \*Q^x\*U (meaning \*QC-x\*U), a backslash followed by an octal
+number (specifying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed
+by a second character, such as \*Q\e^\*U or \*Q\e\e\*U.
+The default is \*Q^Aa\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.RI "\fBeval\fP " command1 [ "command2 ..." ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Parses and executes each argument as separate command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBexec\fP " [[ fdpat ] "newcommand " [ "args ..." ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Run a unix subprocess (specified by an executable path \fInewcommand\fP and its 
+optional arguments) in the current window. The flow of data between 
+newcommands stdin/stdout/stderr, the process originally started in the window 
+(let us call it "application-process") and screen itself (window) is 
+controlled by the file descriptor pattern fdpat.
+This pattern is basically a three character sequence representing stdin, stdout
+and stderr of newcommand. A dot (.) connects the file descriptor
+to
+.IR screen .
+An exclamation mark (!) causes the file
+descriptor to be connected to the application-process. A colon (:) combines
+both.
+User input will go to newcommand unless newcommand receives the 
+application-process' 
+output (fdpats first character is `!' or `:') or a pipe symbol (|) is added 
+(as a fourth character) to the end of fdpat.
+.PP
+Invoking `exec' without arguments shows name and arguments of the currently
+running subprocess in this window. Only one subprocess a time can be running
+in each window.
+.PP
+When a subprocess is running the `kill' command will affect it instead of the
+windows process.
+.PP
+Refer to the postscript file `doc/fdpat.ps' for a confusing illustration
+of all 21 possible combinations. Each drawing shows the digits 2,1,0
+representing the three file descriptors of newcommand. The box marked
+`W' is the usual pty that has the application-process on its slave side.
+The box marked `P' is the secondary pty that now has
+.I screen
+at its master side.
+.PP
+Abbreviations: Whitespace between the word `exec' and fdpat and the
+command can be omitted. Trailing dots and a fdpat consisting only of
+dots can be omitted. A simple `|' is synonymous for the pattern
+`!..|'; the word exec can be omitted here and can always be replaced
+by `!'.
+.PP
+Examples:
+.RS
+.TP
+exec ... /bin/sh
+.TP
+exec /bin/sh
+.TP
+!/bin/sh
+.sp
+Creates another shell in the same window, while the original shell is still 
+running. Output of both shells is displayed and user input is sent to the new
+/bin/sh.
+.TP
+exec !.. stty 19200
+.TP
+exec ! stty 19200
+.TP
+!!stty 19200
+.sp 1
+Set the speed of the window's tty. If your stty command operates on stdout, 
+then add another `!'.
+.TP
+exec !..| less
+.TP
+|less
+.sp 1
+This adds a pager to the window output. The special character `|' is needed to
+give the user control over the pager although it gets its input from the 
+window's process. This works, because
+.I less
+listens on stderr (a behavior that
+.I screen
+would not expect without the `|') 
+when its stdin is not a tty. 
+.I Less 
+versions newer than 177 fail miserably here; good old
+.I pg
+still works.
+.TP
+!:sed \-n s/.*Error.*/\e007/p
+.sp 1
+Sends window output to both, the user and the sed command. The sed inserts an
+additional bell character (oct. 007) to the window output seen by
+.IR screen .
+This will cause "Bell in window x" messages, whenever the string "Error"
+appears in the window.
+.RE
+.RE
+.TP
+.B fit
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the window size to the size of the current region. This
+command is needed because screen doesn't adapt the window size
+automatically if the window is displayed more than once.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "flow [ on | off | auto]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets the flow-control mode for this window.
+Without parameters it cycles the current window's flow-control setting from 
+"automatic" to "on" to "off".
+See the discussion on \*QFLOW-CONTROL\*U later on in this document for full 
+details and note, that this is subject to change in future releases.
+Default is set by `defflow'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "focus [ next | prev | up | down | left | right | top | bottom ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Move the input focus to the next region. This is done in a cyclic
+way so that the top left region is selected after the bottom right
+one. If no option is given it defaults to `next'. The next
+region to be selected is determined by how the regions are layered.
+Normally, the next region in the same layer would be selected.
+However, if that next region contains one or more layers, the first
+region in the highest layer is selected first. If you are at the
+last region of the current layer, `next' will move the focus
+to the next region in the lower layer (if there is a lower layer).
+`Prev' cycles in the opposite order. See \*Qsplit\*U for more
+information about layers.
+
+The rest of the options (`up', `down', `left',
+`right', `top', and `bottom') are more indifferent
+to layers. The option `up' will move the focus upward to the
+region that is touching the upper left corner of the current region.
+`Down' will move downward to the region that is touching the
+lower left corner of the current region. The option `left'
+will move the focus leftward to the region that is touching the
+upper left corner of the current region, while `right' will
+move rightward to the region that is touching the upper right corner
+of the current region. Moving left from a left most region or moving
+right from a right most region will result in no action.
+
+The option `top' will move the focus to the very first region
+in the upper list corner of the screen, and `bottom' will move
+to the region in the bottom right corner of the screen. Moving up from
+a top most region or moving down from a bottom most region will result
+in no action.
+
+Useful bindings are (h, j, k, and l as in vi)
+.nf
+    bind h focus left
+    bind j focus down
+    bind k focus up
+    bind l focus right
+    bind t focus top
+    bind b focus bottom
+.fi
+Note that \fBk\fP is traditionally bound to the \fIkill\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "focusminsize [ ( " width "|max|_ ) ( " height "|max|_ ) ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This forces any currently selected region to be automatically
+resized at least a certain \fIwidth\fP and \fIheight\fP. All
+other surrounding regions will be resized in order to accommodate.
+This constraint follows every time the \*Qfocus\*U command is
+used. The \*Qresize\*U command can be used to increase either
+dimension of a region, but never below what is set with
+\*Qfocusminsize\*U. The underscore `_' is a synonym for
+\fBmax\fP. Setting a \fIwidth\fP and \fIheight\fP of `0 0'
+(zero zero) will undo any constraints and allow for manual resizing.
+Without any parameters, the minimum width and height is shown.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "gr [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Turn GR charset switching on/off. Whenever screen sees an input
+character with the 8th bit set, it will use the charset stored in the
+GR slot and print the character with the 8th bit stripped. The
+default (see also \*Qdefgr\*U) is not to process GR switching because
+otherwise the ISO88591 charset would not work.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBgroup\fP " [ grouptitle ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change or show the group the current window belongs to. Windows can
+be moved around between different groups by specifying the name of
+the destination group. Without specifying a group, the title of the
+current group is displayed.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBhardcopy\fP " [ \-h "] [" file ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Writes out the currently displayed image to the file \fIfile\fP,
+or, if no filename is specified, to \fIhardcopy.n\fP in the
+default directory, where \fIn\fP is the number of the current window. 
+This either appends or overwrites the file if it exists. See below.
+If the option \fB\-h\fP is specified, dump also the contents of the
+scrollback buffer.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "hardcopy_append [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If set to "on", 
+.I screen
+will append to the "hardcopy.n" files created by the command \*QC-a h\*U, 
+otherwise these files are overwritten each time.
+Default is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "hardcopydir "directory
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines a directory where hardcopy files will be placed. If unset, hardcopys
+are dumped in
+.IR screen 's
+current working directory.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "hardstatus [ on | off ]"
+.TP
+.BR "hardstatus [ always ] firstline | lastline | message | ignore [ string ]"
+.TP
+.BR "hardstatus string [ string ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command configures the use and emulation of the terminal's
+hardstatus line. The first form
+toggles whether
+.I screen
+will use the hardware status line to display messages. If the
+flag is set to `off', these messages
+are overlaid in reverse video mode at the display line. The default
+setting is `on'.
+.P
+The second form tells 
+.I screen 
+what to do if the terminal doesn't
+have a hardstatus line (i.e. the termcap/terminfo capabilities
+"hs", "ts", "fs" and "ds" are not set).
+When \*Qfirstline/lastline\*U is used, 
+.I screen 
+will reserve the first/last line of the display for
+the hardstatus. \*Qmessage\*U uses 
+.I screen's
+message mechanism and
+\*Qignore\*U tells 
+.I screen 
+never to display the hardstatus.
+If you prepend the word \*Qalways\*U to the type (e.g., \*Qalwayslastline\*U), 
+.I screen 
+will use the type even if the terminal supports a hardstatus.
+.P
+The third form specifies the contents of the hardstatus line.  '%h' is
+used as default string, i.e., the stored hardstatus of the current
+window (settable via \*QESC]0;<string>^G\*U or \*QESC_<string>ESC\e\*U)
+is displayed.  You can customize this to any string you like including
+the escapes from the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U chapter. If you leave out
+the argument
+.IR string ,
+the current string is displayed.
+.P
+You can mix the second and third form by providing the string as
+additional argument.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "height " [ \-w | \-d "] [" \fIlines\fR " [" \fIcols\fR ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the display height to a specified number of lines. When no argument
+is given it toggles between 24 and 42 lines display. You can also
+specify a width if you want to change both values.
+The
+.B \-w
+option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set
+the window size,
+.B \-d
+vice versa.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR help [ \fIclass\fP ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Not really a online help, but displays a help
+.I screen 
+showing you all the key bindings.
+The first pages list all the internal commands followed by their current
+bindings.
+Subsequent pages will display the custom commands, one command per key.
+Press space when you're done reading each page, or return to exit early.
+All other characters are ignored. If the \*Q\-c\*U option is given,
+display all bound commands for the specified command class.
+See also \*QDEFAULT KEY BINDINGS\*U section.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B history
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Usually users work with a shell that allows easy access to previous commands.
+For example csh has the command \*Q!!\*U to repeat the last command executed. 
+.I Screen
+allows you to have a primitive way of re-calling \*Qthe command that
+started ...\*U: You just type the first letter of that command, then hit
+`C-a {' and
+.I screen
+tries to find a previous line that matches with the `prompt character' 
+to the left of the cursor. This line is pasted into this window's input queue.
+Thus you have a crude command history (made up by the visible window and its
+scrollback buffer). 
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "hstatus " status
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the window's hardstatus line to the string \fIstatus\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBidle\fR " [ timeout [ "cmd-args" ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets a command that is run after the specified number of seconds
+inactivity is reached. This command will normally be the \*Qblanker\*U
+command to create a screen blanker, but it can be any screen command.
+If no command is specified, only the timeout is set. A timeout of
+zero (or the special timeout \fBoff\fP) disables the timer.
+If no arguments are given, the current settings are displayed.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "ignorecase [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Tell screen to ignore the case of characters in searches. Default is
+`off'. Without any options, the state of ignorecase is toggled.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B info
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Uses the message line to display some information about the current window:
+the cursor position in the form \*Q(column,row)\*U starting with \*Q(1,1)\*U,
+the terminal width and height plus the size of the scrollback buffer in lines, 
+like in \*Q(80,24)+50\*U, the current state of window XON/XOFF flow control
+is shown like this (See also section FLOW CONTROL):
+.TS
+allbox tab(@);
+l l.
++flow@automatic flow control, currently on.
+\-flow@automatic flow control, currently off.
++(+)flow@flow control enabled. Agrees with automatic control.
+\-(+)flow@flow control disabled. Disagrees with automatic control.
++(\-)flow@flow control enabled. Disagrees with automatic control.
+\-(\-)flow@flow control disabled. Agrees with automatic control.
+.TE
+
+The current line wrap setting (`+wrap' indicates enabled, `\-wrap' not) is
+also shown. The flags `ins', `org', `app', `log', `mon' or `nored' are 
+displayed when the window is in insert mode, origin mode, 
+application-keypad mode, has output logging,
+activity monitoring or partial redraw enabled.
+
+The currently active character set (\fIG0\fP, \fIG1\fP, \fIG2\fP,
+or \fIG3\fP) and in square brackets the terminal character sets that are
+currently designated as \fIG0\fP through \fIG3\fP is shown. If the window
+is in UTF-8 mode, the string \*QUTF-8\*U is shown instead.
+
+Additional modes depending on the type of the window are displayed at the end of the status line (See also chapter \*QWINDOW TYPES\*U).
+.PP
+If the state machine of the terminal emulator is in a non-default state,
+the info line is started with a string identifying the current state.
+.PP
+For system information use the \*Qtime\*U command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR ins_reg " [" \fIkey ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+No longer exists, use \*Qpaste\*U instead.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B kill
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Kill current window.
+.PP
+If there is an `exec' command running then it is killed. Otherwise the process
+(shell) running in the window receives a HANGUP condition, 
+the window structure is removed and 
+.I screen 
+(your display) switches to another window.  When the last window is destroyed,
+.I screen
+exits.
+After a kill 
+.I screen 
+switches to the previously displayed window.
+.PP
+Note:
+.I Emacs
+users should keep this command in mind, when killing a line.
+It is recommended not to use \*QC-a\*U as the
+.I screen
+escape key or to rebind kill to \*QC-a K\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B lastmsg
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Redisplay the last contents of the message/status line.
+Useful if you're typing when a message appears, because  the message goes 
+away when you press a key (unless your terminal has a hardware status line).
+Refer to the commands \*Qmsgwait\*U and \*Qmsgminwait\*U for fine tuning.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout new " [\fItitle\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Create a new layout. The screen will change to one whole region
+and be switched to the blank window. From here, you build the
+regions and the windows they show as you desire. The new layout
+will be numbered with the smallest available integer, starting
+with zero. You can optionally give a title to your new layout.
+Otherwise, it will have a default title of \*Qlayout\*U. You
+can always change the title later by using the command
+\fBlayout title\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout remove " [\fIn|title\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Remove, or in other words, delete the specified layout. Either
+the number or the title can be specified. Without either
+specification, \fIscreen\fP will remove the current layout.
+
+Removing a layout does not affect your set windows or regions.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B layout next
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the next layout available
+.RE
+.TP
+.B layout prev
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the previous layout available
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout select " [\fIn|title\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Select the desired layout. Either the number or the title can
+be specified. Without either specification, \fIscreen\fP will
+prompt and ask which screen is desired. To see which layouts are
+available, use the \fBlayout show\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B layout show
+.RS 0
+.PP
+List on the message line the number(s) and title(s) of the available
+layout(s). The current layout is flagged.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout title " [\fItitle\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change or display the title of the current layout. A string given
+will be used to name the layout. Without any options, the current
+title and number is displayed on the message line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout number " [\fIn\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change or display the number of the current layout. An integer given
+will be used to number the layout. Without any options, the current
+number and title is displayed on the message line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout attach " [\fItitle\fP|\fB:last\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change or display which layout to reattach back to. The default is
+\fB:last\fP, which tells \fIscreen\fP to reattach back to the last
+used layout just before detachment. By supplying a title, You can
+instruct \fIscreen\fP to reattach to a particular layout regardless
+which one was used at the time of detachment. Without any options,
+the layout to reattach to will be shown in the message line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout save " [\fIn|title\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Remember the current arrangement of regions. When used, \fIscreen\fP
+will remember the arrangement of vertically and horizontally split
+regions. This arrangement is restored when a \fIscreen\fP session
+is reattached or switched back from a different layout. If the
+session ends or the \fIscreen\fP process dies, the layout
+arrangements are lost. The \fBlayout dump\fP command should help
+in this situation. If a number
+or title is supplied, \fIscreen\fP will remember the arrangement of
+that particular layout. Without any options, \fIscreen\fP will
+remember the current layout.
+
+Saving your regions can be done automatically by using the
+\fBlayout autosave\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout autosave [ on | off]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change or display the status of automatically saving layouts. The
+default is \fBon\fP, meaning when \fIscreen\fP is detached or
+changed to a different layout, the arrangement of regions and windows
+will be remembered at the time of change and restored upon return.
+If autosave is set to \fBoff\fP, that arrangement will only be
+restored to either to the last manual save, using \fBlayout save\fP,
+or to when the layout was first created, to a single region with
+a single window. Without either an \fBon\fP or \fBoff\fP, the
+current status is displayed on the message line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "layout dump " [\fIfilename\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Write to a file the order of splits made in the current layout. This 
+is useful to recreate the order of your regions used in your current
+layout. Only the current layout is recorded. While the order of the
+regions are recorded, the sizes of those regions and which windows
+correspond to which regions are not. If no filename is specified,
+the default is \fIlayout-dump\fP, saved in the directory that the
+\fIscreen\fP process was started in. If the file already exists,
+\fBlayout dump\fP will append to that file. As an example:
+.PP
+.nf
+	C-a : layout dump /home/user/.screenrc
+.fi
+.PP
+will save or append the layout to the user's \fI.screenrc\fP file.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B license
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Display the disclaimer page. This is done whenever
+.I screen
+is started without options, which should be often enough. See also 
+the \fBstartup_message\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B lockscreen
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Lock this display.
+Call a screenlock program.
+Screen does not accept any command keys until this program
+terminates. Meanwhile processes in the windows may continue, as the windows 
+are in the `detached' state. The screenlock program may be changed through the
+environment variable $LOCKPRG (which must be set in the shell from which 
+.I screen
+is started) and is executed with the user's uid and gid.
+.PP
+Warning: 
+When you leave other shells unlocked and you have no password set on           
+.IR screen ,
+the lock is void: One could easily re-attach from an unlocked
+shell. This feature should rather be called `lockterminal'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "log [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Start/stop writing output of the current window to a file 
+\*Qscreenlog.\fIn\fP\*U in the window's default directory, where \fIn\fP 
+is the number of the current window. This filename can be changed with
+the `logfile' command. If no parameter is given, the state
+of logging is toggled. The session log is appended to the previous contents 
+of the file if it already exists. The current contents and the contents 
+of the scrollback history are not included in the session log.
+Default is `off'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "logfile " filename
+.TP
+.BI "logfile flush " secs
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines the name the log files will get. The default is
+\*Qscreenlog.%n\*U. The second form changes the number of seconds
+.I screen
+will wait before flushing the logfile buffer to the file-system. The
+default value is 10 seconds.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "login [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Adds or removes the entry in the utmp database file for the current window.
+This controls if the window is `logged in'.
+When no parameter is given, the login state of the window is toggled.
+Additionally to that toggle, it is convenient having a `log in' and a `log out'
+key. E.\|g. `bind I login on' and `bind O login off' will map these
+keys to be C-a I and C-a O.
+The default setting (in config.h.in) should be \*Qon\*U for a 
+.I screen
+that runs under suid-root.
+Use the \*Qdeflogin\*U command to change the default login state for new 
+windows. Both commands are only present when 
+.I screen
+has been compiled with utmp support.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "logtstamp " [ on | off ]
+.TP
+.IR "\fBlogtstamp after\fR " [ secs ]
+.TP
+.B "logtstamp string"
+.RS 0
+.RI [ string ]
+.PP
+This command controls logfile time-stamp mechanism of 
+.I screen.
+If
+time-stamps are turned \*Qon\*U, 
+.I screen 
+adds a string containing
+the current time to the logfile after two minutes of inactivity.
+When output continues and more than another two minutes have passed,
+a second time-stamp is added to document the restart of the
+output. You can change this timeout with the second form
+of the command. The third form is used for customizing the time-stamp
+string (`\-\- %n:%t \-\- time-stamp \-\- %M/%d/%y %c:%s \-\-\\n' by
+default).
+.RE
+.TP
+.B mapdefault
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Tell 
+.I screen 
+that the next input character should only be looked up
+in the default bindkey table. See also \*Qbindkey\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B mapnotnext
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Like mapdefault, but don't even look in the default bindkey table.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fImaptimeout\fR " [ timeout ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the inter-character timer for input sequence detection to a timeout
+of
+.I timeout
+ms. The default timeout is 300ms. Maptimeout with no arguments shows
+the current setting.
+See also \*Qbindkey\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "markkeys " string
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This is a method of changing the keymap used for copy/history mode.
+The string is made up of \fIoldchar\fP=\fInewchar\fP pairs which are
+separated by `:'. Example: The string \*QB=^B:F=^F\*U will change the 
+keys `C-b' and `C-f' to the vi style binding (scroll up/down fill page).
+This happens to be the default binding for `B' and `F'.
+The command \*Qmarkkeys h=^B:l=^F:$=^E\*U would set the mode for an emacs-style
+binding.
+If your terminal sends characters, that cause you to abort copy mode,
+then this command may help by binding these characters to do nothing.
+The no-op character is `@' and is used like this: \*Qmarkkeys
+@=L=H\*U if you do not want to use the `H' or `L' commands any longer.
+As shown in this example, multiple keys can be assigned to one function in a 
+single statement.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "maxwin " num
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the maximum window number screen will create. Doesn't affect
+already existing windows. The number can be increased only when there are no
+existing windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B meta
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Insert the command character (C-a) in the current window's input stream.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "monitor [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Toggles activity monitoring of windows.
+When monitoring is turned on and an affected window is switched into the
+background, you will receive the activity notification message in the
+status line at the first sign of output and the window will also be marked
+with an `@' in the window-status display.
+Monitoring is initially off for all windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "mousetrack [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command determines whether
+.I screen
+will watch for
+mouse clicks. When this command is enabled, regions that have
+been split in various ways can be selected by pointing to them
+with a mouse and left-clicking them. Without specifying \fBon\fP
+or \fBoff\fP, the current state is displayed. The default state
+is determined by the \fBdefmousetrack\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "msgminwait " sec
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines the time 
+.I screen 
+delays a new message when one message is currently displayed. 
+The default is 1 second.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "msgwait " sec
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines the time a message is displayed if 
+.I screen
+is not disturbed by other activity. The default is 5 seconds.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "multiuser [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch between singleuser and multiuser mode. Standard
+.I screen
+operation is singleuser. In multiuser mode the commands `acladd',
+`aclchg', `aclgrp' and `acldel'
+can be used to enable (and disable) other users accessing this 
+.I screen
+session. 
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "nethack [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Changes the kind of error messages used by
+.IR screen .
+When you are familiar with the game \*Qnethack\*U, you may enjoy the
+nethack-style messages which will often blur the facts a little, but are
+much funnier to read. Anyway, standard messages often tend to be unclear as
+well.
+.br
+This option is only available if
+.I screen
+was compiled with the NETHACK flag defined. The
+default setting is then determined by the presence of the environment 
+variable $NETHACKOPTIONS and the file ~/.nethackrc - if either one is present,
+the default is \fBon\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B next
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the next window.
+This command can be used repeatedly to cycle through the list of windows.
+.RE
+.PP
+.BR "nonblock [ on | off | numsecs ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Tell screen how to deal with user interfaces (displays) that cease to
+accept output. This can happen if a user presses ^S or a TCP/modem
+connection gets cut but no hangup is received. If nonblock is
+\fBoff\fP (this is the default) screen waits until the display
+restarts to accept the output. If nonblock is \fBon\fP, screen
+waits until the timeout is reached (\fBon\fP is treated as 1s). If the
+display still doesn't receive characters, screen will consider
+it \*Qblocked\*U and stop sending characters to it. If at
+some time it restarts to accept characters, screen will unblock
+the display and redisplay the updated window contents.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "number " [[+|\-] \fIn ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the current window's number. If the given number \fIn\fP is already 
+used by another window, both windows exchange their numbers. If no argument is
+specified, the current window number (and title) is shown. Using `+' or `\-'
+will change the window's number by the relative amount specified.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "obuflimit " [ \fIlimit ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If the output buffer contains more bytes than the specified limit, no
+more data will be
+read from the windows. The default value is 256. If you have a fast
+display (like xterm), you can set it to some higher value. If no
+argument is specified, the current setting is displayed.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B only
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Kill all regions but the current one.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B other
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the window displayed previously. If this window does no longer exist,
+\fIother\fP has the same effect as \fInext\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "partial [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Defines whether the display should be refreshed (as with \fIredisplay\fP) after
+switching to the current window. This command only affects the current window.
+To immediately affect all windows use the \fIallpartial\fP command.
+Default is `off', of course.  This default is fixed, as there is currently no 
+\fIdefpartial\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "password " [ \fIcrypted_pw ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Present a crypted password in your \*Q.screenrc\*U file and
+.I screen
+will ask for it, whenever someone attempts to resume a detached.
+This is useful if you have privileged programs running under
+.I screen
+and you want to protect your session from reattach attempts by another user
+masquerading as your uid (i.e. any superuser.)
+If no crypted password is specified,
+.I screen
+prompts twice for typing a
+password and places its encryption in the paste buffer.
+Default is `none', this disables password checking.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBpaste\fR " [ registers " [" dest_reg ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Write the (concatenated) contents of the specified registers to the stdin queue
+of the current window. The register '.' is treated as the
+paste buffer. If no parameter is given the user is prompted for a single 
+register to paste.
+The paste buffer can be filled with the \fBcopy\fP, \fBhistory\fP and
+\fBreadbuf\fP commands.
+Other registers can be filled with the \fBregister\fP, \fBreadreg\fP and
+\fBpaste\fP commands.
+If \fBpaste\fP is called with a second argument, the contents of the specified
+registers is pasted into the named destination register rather than
+the window. If '.' is used as the second argument, the displays paste buffer is
+the destination.
+Note, that \fBpaste\fP uses a wide variety of resources: Whenever a second
+argument is specified no current window is needed. When the source specification
+only contains registers (not the paste buffer) then there need not be a current
+display (terminal attached), as the registers are a global resource. The
+paste buffer exists once for every user.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "pastefont [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Tell 
+.I screen 
+to include font information in the paste buffer. The
+default is not to do so. This command is especially useful for
+multi character fonts like kanji.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B pow_break
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Reopen the window's terminal line and send a break condition. See `break'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B pow_detach
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Power detach. 
+Mainly the same as \fIdetach\fP, but also sends a HANGUP signal to
+the parent process of
+.IR screen .
+CAUTION: This will result in a logout, when 
+.I screen
+was started from your login-shell.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBpow_detach_msg\fP " [ message ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+The \fImessage\fP specified here is output whenever a `Power detach' was
+performed. It may be used as a replacement for a logout message or to reset 
+baud rate, etc. 
+Without parameter, the current message is shown.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B prev
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the window with the next lower number.
+This command can be used repeatedly to cycle through the list of windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBprintcmd\fP " [ cmd ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If
+.I cmd
+is not an empty string, 
+.I screen 
+will not use the terminal capabilities
+\*Qpo/pf\*U if it detects an ansi print sequence
+.BR "ESC [ 5 i" ,
+but pipe the output into
+.IR cmd .
+This should normally be a command like \*Qlpr\*U or
+\*Q'cat > /tmp/scrprint'\*U.
+.B printcmd
+without a command displays the current setting.
+The ansi sequence
+.BR "ESC [ 4 i"
+ends printing and closes the pipe.
+.PP
+Warning: Be careful with this command! If other user have write
+access to your terminal, they will be able to fire off print commands.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR process " [" \fIkey ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Stuff the contents of the specified register into 
+.IR screen 's
+input queue. If no argument is given you are prompted for a
+register name. The text is parsed as if it had been typed in from the user's
+keyboard. This command can be used to bind multiple actions to a single key.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B quit
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Kill all windows and terminate
+.IR screen .
+Note that on VT100-style terminals the keys C-4 and C-\e are identical.
+This makes the default bindings dangerous:
+Be careful not to type C-a C-4 when selecting window no. 4.
+Use the empty bind command (as in \*Qbind '^\e'\*U) to remove a key binding.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBreadbuf\fP " [ encoding "] [" filename ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Reads the contents of the specified file into the paste buffer.
+You can tell screen the encoding of the file via the \fB\-e\fP option.
+If no file is specified, the screen-exchange filename is used.
+See also \fBbufferfile\fP command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBreadreg\fP " [ encoding "] [" register " [" filename ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Does one of two things, dependent on number of arguments: with zero or one
+arguments it duplicates the paste buffer contents into the register specified
+or entered at the prompt. With two arguments it reads the contents of the named 
+file into the register, just as \fIreadbuf\fP reads the screen-exchange file
+into the paste buffer.
+You can tell screen the encoding of the file via the \fB\-e\fP option.
+The following example will paste the system's password file into 
+the 
+.I screen 
+window (using register p, where a copy remains):
+.PP
+.nf
+	C-a : readreg p /etc/passwd
+	C-a : paste p
+.fi
+.RE
+.TP
+.B redisplay
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Redisplay the current window. Needed to get a full redisplay when in
+partial redraw mode.
+.RE
+.TP
+.RI "\fBregister\fP " \fR[\fP \fB\-e\fR encoding ] key-string
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Save the specified \fIstring\fP to the register \fIkey\fP.
+The encoding of the string can be specified via the \fB\-e\fP option.
+See also the \*Qpaste\*U command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "remove"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Kill the current region. This is a no-op if there is only one region.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "removebuf"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Unlinks the screen-exchange file used by the commands
+\fBwritebuf\fP and \fBreadbuf\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "rendition [ bell | monitor | silence | so ] attr [ color ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the way
+.I screen
+renders the titles of windows that have monitor or bell flags set in
+caption or hardstatus or windowlist. See the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U
+chapter for the syntax of the modifiers.
+The default for monitor is currently \*Q=b \*U (bold, active colors),
+for bell \*Q=ub \*U (underline, bold and active colors), and \*Q=u \*U
+for silence.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "reset"
+.RS 0
+.PP 
+Reset the virtual terminal to its \*Qpower-on\*U values. Useful when strange
+settings (like scroll regions or graphics character set) are left over from
+an application.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "resize"
+.RB [ -h | -v | -b | -l | -p ]
+.RB [[ + | - ]
+.IR n "[%]"
+.RB | = | max | min | _ | 0 ]
+.RS 0
+.PP 
+Resize the current region. The space will be removed from or added to
+the surrounding regions depending on the order of the splits.
+The available options for resizing are `-h'(horizontal),
+`-v'(vertical), `-b'(both), `-l'(local to layer),
+and `-p'(perpendicular). Horizontal resizes will add or remove width
+to a region, vertical will add or remove height, and both will add or
+remove size from both dimensions. Local and perpendicular are similar to
+horizontal and vertical, but they take in account of how a region was split.
+If a region's last split was horizontal, a local resize will work like a
+vertical resize. If a region's last split was vertical, a local resize will
+work like a horizontal resize. Perpendicular resizes work in opposite of
+local resizes. If no option is specified, local is the default.
+
+The amount of lines to add or remove can be expressed a couple of different
+ways. By specifying a number \fIn\fP by itself will resize the region by
+that absolute amount. You can specify a relative amount by prefixing a
+plus `+' or minus `-' to the amount, such as adding +\fIn\fP lines
+or removing -\fIn\fP lines. Resizing can also be expressed as an absolute
+or relative percentage by postfixing a percent sign `%'. Using zero
+`0' is a synonym for `min' and using an underscore `_' is a
+synonym for `max'.
+
+Some examples are:
+.TP
+resize +N
+increase current region by N
+.TP
+resize \-N
+decrease current region by N
+.TP
+resize  N
+set current region to N
+.TP
+resize 20%
+set current region to 20% of original size
+.TP
+resize +20%
+increase current region by 20%
+.TP
+resize -b =
+make all windows equally
+.TP
+resize  max
+maximize current region
+.TP
+resize  min
+minimize current region
+.PP
+Without any arguments,
+.I screen
+will prompt for how you would like to resize the current region.
+
+See \*Qfocusminsize\*U if you want to restrict the minimum size a region
+can have.
+.RE
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "screen \fP[\fI\-opts\fP] [\fIn\fP] [\fIcmd\fP [\fIargs\fP]|\fB//group\fP]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Establish a new window.
+The flow-control options (\fB\-f\fP, \fB\-fn\fP and \fB\-fa\fP),
+title (a.\|k.\|a.) option (\fB\-t\fP), login options (\fB\-l\fP and \fB\-ln\fP)
+, terminal type option (\fB\-T\fP <term>), the all-capability-flag (\fB\-a\fP)
+and scrollback option (\fB\-h\fP <num>) may be specified with each command.
+The option (\fB\-M\fP) turns monitoring on for this window.
+The option (\fB\-L\fP) turns output logging on for this window.
+If an optional number \fIn\fP in the range 0..MAXWIN-1 is given,
+the window number \fIn\fP is assigned to the newly created window
+(or, if this number is already in-use, the next available number).
+If a command is specified after \*Qscreen\*U, this command (with the given
+arguments) is started in the window; otherwise, a shell is created.
+If \fB//group\fP is supplied, a container-type window is created in
+which other windows may be created inside it. 
+.PP
+Thus, if your \*Q.screenrc\*U contains the lines
+.sp
+.nf
+	# example for .screenrc:
+	screen 1
+	screen \-fn \-t foobar \-L 2 telnet foobar
+.fi
+.sp
+.I screen
+creates a shell window (in window #1) and a window with a TELNET connection
+to the machine foobar (with no flow-control using the title \*Qfoobar\*U
+in window #2) and will write a logfile (\*Qscreenlog.2\*U) of the telnet 
+session.
+Note, that unlike previous versions of
+.I screen
+no additional default window is created when \*Qscreen\*U commands are 
+included in your \*Q.screenrc\*U file. When the initialization is completed,
+.I screen
+switches to the last window specified in your .screenrc file or, if none,
+opens a default window #0.
+.PP
+Screen has built in some functionality of \*Qcu\*U and \*Qtelnet\*U.
+See also chapter \*QWINDOW TYPES\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "scrollback \fP\fInum\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the size of the scrollback buffer for the current windows to \fInum\fP 
+lines. The default scrollback is 100 lines.
+See also the \*Qdefscrollback\*U command and use \*Qinfo\*U to view the
+current setting. To access and use the contents in the scrollback buffer,
+use the \*Qcopy\*U command.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "select " [ \fIWindowID ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Switch to the window identified by \fIWindowID\fP.
+This can be a prefix of a window title (alphanumeric window name) or a
+window number.
+The parameter is optional and if omitted, you get prompted for an identifier. 
+When a new window is established, the first available number
+is assigned to this window.
+Thus, the first window can be activated by \*Qselect 0\*U.
+The number of windows is set by the MAXWIN
+configuration parameter (which defaults to 100),
+but it can be changed by using `maxwin' command.
+There are two special WindowIDs, \*Q\-\*U selects the
+internal blank window and \*Q.\*U selects the current window. The
+latter is useful if used with screen's \*Q\-X\*U option.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "sessionname " [ \fIname ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Rename the current session. Note, that for \*Qscreen \-list\*U the
+name shows up with the process-id prepended. If the argument \*Qname\*U
+is omitted, the name of this session is displayed. Caution: The $STY 
+environment variables will still reflect the old name in pre-existing
+shells. This may result in confusion. Use of this command is generally
+discouraged. Use the \*Q\-S\*U command-line option if you want to
+name a new session.
+The default is constructed from the tty and host names.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBsetenv\fR " [ var " [" string ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the environment variable \fIvar\fP to value \fIstring\fP.
+If only \fIvar\fP is specified, the user will be prompted to enter a value.
+If no parameters are specified, the user will be prompted for both variable
+and value. The environment is inherited by all subsequently forked shells.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "setsid [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Normally screen uses different sessions and process groups for
+the windows. If setsid is turned \fIoff\fP, this is not done
+anymore and all windows will be in the same process group as the
+screen backend process. This also breaks job-control, so be careful.
+The default is \fIon\fP, of course. This command is probably useful
+only in rare circumstances.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "shell \fIcommand\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the command to be used to create a new shell.
+This overrides the value of the environment variable $SHELL.
+This is useful if you'd like to run a tty-enhancer which is expecting to
+execute the program specified in $SHELL. 
+If the command begins with a '\-' character, the shell will be started as a
+login-shell. Typical shells do only minimal initialization when not started as a login-shell.
+E.g. Bash will not read your \*Q~/.bash_profile\*U unless it is a login-shell.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "shelltitle \fItitle\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the title for all shells created during startup or by
+the C-A C-c command.
+For details about what a title is, see the discussion
+entitled \*QTITLES (naming windows)\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "silence [ on | off | sec ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Toggles silence monitoring of windows.
+When silence is turned on and an affected window is switched into the
+background, you will receive the silence notification message in the
+status line after a specified period of inactivity (silence). The default
+timeout can be changed with the `silencewait' command or by specifying a 
+number of seconds instead of `on' or `off'.
+Silence is initially off for all windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "silencewait " sec
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Define the time that all windows monitored for silence should wait before
+displaying a message. Default 30 seconds.
+.sp
+.ne
+.B "sleep \fP\fInum\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command will pause the execution of a .screenrc file for \fInum\fP seconds.
+Keyboard activity will end the sleep.
+It may be used to give users a chance to read the messages output by \*Qecho\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "slowpaste \fImsec\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Define the speed at which text is inserted into the current window by the 
+paste ("C-a ]") command. 
+If the slowpaste value is nonzero text is written character by character.
+.I screen
+will make a pause of \fImsec\fP milliseconds after each single character write 
+to allow the application to process its input. Only use slowpaste if your 
+underlying system exposes flow control problems while pasting large amounts of 
+text. 
+.RE
+.TP
+.B sort
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sort the windows in alphabetical order of the window tiles.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "source " file
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Read and execute commands from file \fIfile\fP. Source commands may
+be nested to a maximum recursion level of ten. If file is not an
+absolute path and screen is already processing a source command, the
+parent directory of the running source command file is used to search
+for the new command file before screen's current directory.
+
+Note that termcap/terminfo/termcapinfo commands only work at
+startup and reattach time, so they must be reached via the
+default screenrc files to have an effect.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBsorendition\fR " [ attr [ color ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+This command is deprecated. See "rendition so" instead.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR split [ \-v ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Split the current region into two new ones. All regions on the
+display are resized to make room for the new region. The blank
+window is displayed in the new region. The default is to create
+a horizontal split, putting the new regions on the top and
+bottom of each other. Using `-v' will create a vertical split,
+causing the new regions to appear side by side of each other.
+Use the \*Qremove\*U or the \*Qonly\*U command to delete regions.
+Use \*Qfocus\*U to toggle between regions.
+
+When a region is split opposite of how it was previously split
+(that is, vertical then horizontal or horizontal then vertical),
+a new layer is created. The layer is used to group together the
+regions that are split the same. Normally, as a user, you should
+not see nor have to worry about layers, but they will affect how
+some commands (\*Qfocus\*U and \*Qresize\*U) behave.
+
+With this current implementation of screen, scrolling data
+will appear much slower in a vertically split region than one
+that is not. This should be taken into consideration if you need
+to use system commands such as \fBcat\fP or \fBtail -f\fP.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "startup_message [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Select whether you want to see the copyright notice during startup.
+Default is `on', as you probably noticed.
+.RE
+.PP
+.BR "status [ top | up | down | bottom ] [ left | right ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+The status window by default is in bottom-left corner. This command can move
+status messages to any corner of the screen. \fBtop\fR is the same as \fBup\fR,
+\fBdown\fR is the same as \fBbottom\fR.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "stuff " [ "\fIstring\fR" ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Stuff the string
+.I string
+in the input buffer of the current window.
+This is like the \*Qpaste\*U command but with much less overhead.
+Without a parameter, screen will prompt for a string to stuff.
+You cannot paste
+large buffers with the \*Qstuff\*U command. It is most useful for key
+bindings. See also \*Qbindkey\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBsu \fR" [ username " [" password " [" password2 ]]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Substitute the user of a display. The command prompts for all parameters that
+are omitted. If passwords are specified as parameters, they have to be
+specified un-crypted. The first password is matched against the systems
+passwd database, the second password is matched against the 
+.I screen
+password as set with the commands \*Qacladd\*U or \*Qpassword\*U.
+\*QSu\*U may be useful for the 
+.I screen
+administrator to test multiuser setups.
+.\"						XXX removed in 3.8.0 XXX
+.\" but it is mainly used implicitly
+.\" by the \*Qconnect\*U command to identify users that access a remote session.
+When the identification fails, the user has access to the commands available
+for user
+.BR nobody .
+These are \*Qdetach\*U, \*Qlicense\*U, \*Qversion\*U, \*Qhelp\*U and
+\*Qdisplays\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "suspend"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Suspend
+.IR screen .
+The windows are in the `detached' state, while 
+.I screen
+is suspended. This feature relies on the shell being able to do job control.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B "term \fIterm\fP"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+In each window's environment
+.I screen
+opens, the $TERM variable is set to \*Qscreen\*U by default. 
+But when no description for \*Qscreen\*U is installed in the local termcap
+or terminfo data base, you set $TERM to \- say \-
+\*Qvt100\*U. This won't do much harm, as 
+.I screen
+is VT100/ANSI compatible.
+The use of the \*Qterm\*U command is discouraged for non-default purpose.
+That is, one may want to specify special $TERM settings (e.g. vt100) for the
+next \*Qscreen rlogin othermachine\*U command. Use the command \*Qscreen \-T vt100
+rlogin othermachine\*U rather than setting and resetting the default.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI termcap " term terminal\-tweaks" \fR[\fP \fIwindow-tweaks\fR \fI]\fR
+.TP
+.BI terminfo " term terminal\-tweaks" \fR[\fP \fIwindow-tweaks\fR \fI]\fR
+.TP
+.BI termcapinfo " term terminal\-tweaks" \fR[\fP \fIwindow-tweaks\fR \fI]\fR
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Use this command to modify your terminal's termcap entry without going
+through all the hassles involved in creating a custom termcap entry.
+Plus, you can optionally customize the termcap generated for the windows.
+You have to place these commands in one of the screenrc startup files, as
+they are meaningless once the terminal emulator is booted.  
+.PP
+If your system uses the terminfo database rather than termcap,
+.I screen 
+will understand the `terminfo' command, which has the same effects as the
+`termcap' command.  Two separate commands are provided, as there are subtle
+syntactic differences, e.g. when parameter interpolation (using `%') is
+required. Note that termcap names of the capabilities have to be used
+with the `terminfo' command. 
+.PP
+In many cases, where the arguments are valid in both terminfo and termcap
+syntax, you can use the command `termcapinfo', which is just a shorthand
+for a pair of `termcap' and `terminfo' commands with identical arguments.
+.PP
+The first argument specifies which terminal(s) should be affected by this
+definition.
+You can specify multiple terminal names by separating them with `|'s.
+Use `*' to match all terminals and `vt*' to match all terminals that begin
+with \*Qvt\*U.
+.PP
+Each \fItweak\fP argument contains one or more termcap defines (separated
+by `:'s) to be inserted at the start of the appropriate termcap entry,
+enhancing it or overriding existing values.
+The first tweak modifies your terminal's termcap, and contains definitions
+that your terminal uses to perform certain functions.
+Specify a null string to leave this unchanged (e.\|g. '').
+The second (optional) tweak modifies all the window termcaps, and should
+contain definitions that
+.I screen
+understands (see the \*QVIRTUAL TERMINAL\*U
+section).
+.PP
+Some examples:
+.IP
+termcap xterm*  LP:hs@
+.PP
+Informs
+.I screen
+that all terminals that begin with `xterm' have firm auto-margins that
+allow the last position on the screen to be updated (LP), but they don't
+really have a status line (no 'hs' \- append `@' to turn entries off).
+Note that we assume `LP' for all terminal names that start with \*Qvt\*U,
+but only if you don't specify a termcap command for that terminal.
+.RS
+.nf
+termcap vt*  LP
+.fi
+.RE
+.sp 1
+termcap vt102|vt220  Z0=\eE[?3h:Z1=\eE[?3l
+.PP
+Specifies the firm-margined `LP' capability for all terminals that begin with
+`vt', and the second line will also add the escape-sequences to switch
+into (Z0) and back out of (Z1) 132-character-per-line mode if this is
+a VT102 or VT220.
+(You must specify Z0 and Z1 in your termcap to use the width-changing
+commands.)
+.IP
+termcap vt100  ""  l0=PF1:l1=PF2:l2=PF3:l3=PF4
+.PP
+This leaves your vt100 termcap alone and adds the function key labels to
+each window's termcap entry.
+.IP
+termcap h19|z19  am@:im=\eE@:ei=\eEO  dc=\eE[P
+.PP
+Takes a h19 or z19 termcap and turns off auto-margins (am@) and enables the
+insert mode (im) and end-insert (ei) capabilities (the `@' in the `im'
+string is after the `=', so it is part of the string).
+Having the `im' and `ei' definitions put into your terminal's termcap will
+cause
+.I screen
+to automatically advertise the character-insert capability in
+each window's termcap.
+Each window will also get the delete-character capability (dc) added to its
+termcap, which
+.I screen
+will translate into a line-update for the terminal
+(we're pretending it doesn't support character deletion).
+.PP
+If you would like to fully specify each window's termcap entry, you should
+instead set the $SCREENCAP variable prior to running
+.IR screen .
+See the discussion on the \*QVIRTUAL TERMINAL\*U in this manual, and the termcap(5)
+man page for more information on termcap definitions.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B time
+.RI [ string ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Uses the message line to display the time of day, the host name, and the load
+averages over 1, 5, and 15 minutes (if this is available on your system).
+For window specific information, use \*Qinfo\*U.
+
+If a string is specified, it changes the format of the time report like it is
+described in the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U chapter. Screen uses a default of
+"%c:%s %M %d %H%? %l%?".
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "title " [ \fIwindowtitle ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Set the name of the current window to \fIwindowtitle\fP. If no name is 
+specified,
+.I screen
+prompts for one. This command was known as `aka' in previous
+releases.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "unbindall "
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Unbind all the bindings. This can be useful when
+screen is used solely for its detaching abilities, such as when
+letting a console application run as a daemon. If, for some reason,
+it is necessary to bind commands after this, use 'screen \-X'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "unsetenv " var
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Unset an environment variable.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "utf8 [ on | off [ on | off ]]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Change the encoding used in the current window. If utf8 is enabled, the
+strings sent to the window will be UTF-8 encoded and vice versa. Omitting the
+parameter toggles the setting. If a second parameter is given, the display's
+encoding is also changed (this should rather be done with screen's \*Q\-U\*U
+option).
+See also \*Qdefutf8\*U, which changes the default setting of a new
+window.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "vbell [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets the visual bell setting for this window. Omitting the parameter
+toggles the setting. If vbell is switched on, but your terminal does not 
+support a visual bell, a `vbell-message' is displayed in the status line when
+the bell character (^G) is received.
+Visual bell support of a terminal is defined by the termcap variable `vb' 
+(terminfo: 'flash'). 
+.PP
+Per default, vbell is off, thus the audible bell is used. 
+See also `bell_msg'.
+.RE
+.TP
+.IR "\fBvbell_msg\fR " [ message ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets the visual bell message. \fImessage\fP is printed to the status line if
+the window receives a bell character (^G), vbell is set to \*Qon\*U, but the 
+terminal does not support a visual bell.
+The default message is \*QWuff, Wuff!!\*U.
+Without a parameter, the current message is shown.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "vbellwait " sec
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Define a delay in seconds after each display of 
+.IR screen 's
+visual bell message. The default is 1 second.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "verbose [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+If verbose is switched on, the command name is echoed, whenever a window
+is created (or resurrected from zombie state). Default is off.
+Without a parameter, the current setting is shown.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B version
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Print the current version and the compile date in the status line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BI "wall " "message"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Write a message to all displays. The message will appear in the terminal's
+status line.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "width " [ \-w | \-d "] [" "\fIcols\fR " [ \fIlines\fR ]]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Toggle the window width between 80 and 132 columns or set it to \fIcols\fP 
+columns if an argument is specified. 
+This requires a capable terminal and the termcap entries \*QZ0\*U and \*QZ1\*U.
+See the \*Qtermcap\*U command for more information. You can also specify
+a new height if you want to change both values.
+The
+.B \-w
+option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set
+the window size,
+.B \-d
+vice versa.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "windowlist [ \-b ] [ \-m ] [ \-g ]"
+.TP
+.IR "\fBwindowlist string\fR " [ string ]
+.TP
+.IR "\fBwindowlist title\fR " [ title ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Display all windows in a table for visual window selection.
+If screen was in a window group, screen will
+back out of the group and then display the windows in that group.
+If the 
+.B \-b
+option is given, screen will switch to the blank window before
+presenting the list, so that the current window is also selectable.
+The
+.B \-m
+option changes the order of the windows, instead of sorting by
+window numbers screen uses its internal most-recently-used list.
+The
+.B \-g
+option will show the windows inside any groups in that level
+and downwards.
+.PP
+The following keys are used to navigate in \*Qwindowlist\*U:
+
+.TS
+tab(@);
+l l.
+_
+\fBk\fP, \fBC-p\fP, or \fBup\fP@Move up one line.
+_
+\fBj\fP, \fBC-n\fP, or \fBdown\fP@Move down one line.
+_
+\fBC-g\fP or \fBescape\fP@Exit windowlist.
+_
+\fBC-a\fP or \fBhome\fP@Move to the first line.
+_
+\fBC-e\fP or \fBend\fP@Move to the last line.
+_
+\fBC-u\fP or \fBC-d\fP@Move one half page up or down.
+_
+\fBC-b\fP or \fBC-f\fP@Move one full page up or down.
+_
+\fB0..9\fP@Using the number keys, move to the selected line.
+_
+\fBmouseclick\fP@T{
+Move to the selected line. Available when
+\*Qmousetrack\*U is set to \*Qon\*U
+T}
+_
+\fB/\fP@Search.
+_
+\fBn\fP@Repeat search in the forward direction.
+_
+\fBN\fP@Repeat search in the backward direction.
+_
+\fBm\fP@Toggle MRU.
+_
+\fBg\fP@Toggle group nesting.
+_
+\fBa\fP@All window view.
+_
+\fBC-h\fP or backspace@Back out the group.
+_
+\fB,\fP@Switch numbers with the previous window.
+_
+\fB.\fP@Switch numbers with the next window.
+_
+\fBK\fP@Kill that window.
+_
+\fBspace\fP or \fBenter\fP@Select that window.
+_
+.TE
+.sp 1
+The table format can be changed with the \fBstring\fP and
+\fBtitle\fP option, the title is displayed as table heading, while
+the lines are made by using the string setting. The default
+setting is \*QNum Name%=Flags\*U for the title and \*Q%3n %t%=%f\*U
+for the lines.
+See the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U chapter for more codes (e.g. color
+settings).
+
+\*QWindowlist\*U needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide
+and 6 characters high in order to display.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B windows [ string ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Uses the message line to display a list of all the windows.
+Each window is listed by number with the name of process that has been
+started in the window (or its title);
+the current window is marked with a `*';
+the previous window is marked with a `\-';
+all the windows that are \*Qlogged in\*U are marked with a `$';
+a background window that has received a bell is marked with a `!';
+a background window that is being monitored and has had activity occur
+is marked with an `@';
+a window which has output logging turned on is marked with `(L)'; 
+windows occupied by other users are marked with `&';
+windows in the zombie state are marked with `Z'.
+If this list is too long to fit on the terminal's status line only the
+portion around the current window is displayed.
+The optional string parameter follows the \*QSTRING ESCAPES\*U format.
+If string parameter is passed, the output size is unlimited.
+The default command without any parameter is limited to a size of 1024 bytes.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "wrap [ on | off ]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Sets the line-wrap setting for the current window.
+When line-wrap is on, the second consecutive printable character output at
+the last column of a line will wrap to the start of the following line.
+As an added feature, backspace (^H) will also wrap through the left margin
+to the previous line.
+Default is `on'. Without any options, the state of wrap is toggled.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "writebuf " [ \-e " \fIencoding\fP" "" "] [" \fIfilename\fR ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Writes the contents of the paste buffer to the specified file, or the public accessible screen\-exchange
+file if no filename is given. This is thought of as a primitive means of communication between
+.I screen
+users on the same host. If an encoding is specified the paste buffer
+is recoded on the fly to match the encoding.
+The filename can be set with the \fIbufferfile\fP
+command and defaults to \*Q/tmp/screen\-exchange\*U.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "writelock [ on | off | auto]"
+.RS 0
+.PP
+In addition to access control lists, not all users may be able to write to
+the same window at once. Per default, writelock is in `auto' mode and
+grants exclusive input permission to the user who is the first to switch
+to the particular window. When he leaves the window, other users may obtain
+the writelock (automatically). The writelock of the current window is disabled
+by the command \*Qwritelock off\*U. If the user issues the command 
+\*Qwritelock on\*U he keeps the exclusive write permission while switching
+to other windows.
+.RE
+.TP
+.B xoff
+.TP
+.B xon
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Insert a CTRL-s / CTRL-q character to the stdin queue of the
+current window.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "zmodem [ off | auto | catch | pass ]"
+.TP
+.IR "\fBzmodem sendcmd\fR " [ string ]
+.TP
+.IR "\fBzmodem recvcmd\fR " [ string ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Define zmodem support for screen. Screen understands two different
+modes when it detects a zmodem request: \*Qpass\*U and \*Qcatch\*U.
+If the mode is set to \*Qpass\*U, screen will relay all data
+to the attacher until the end of the transmission is reached.
+In \*Qcatch\*U mode screen acts as a zmodem endpoint and starts
+the corresponding rz/sz commands. If the mode is set to \*Qauto\*U,
+screen will use \*Qcatch\*U if the window is a tty (e.g. a serial line),
+otherwise it will use \*Qpass\*U.
+.PP
+You can define the templates screen uses in \*Qcatch\*U mode
+via the second and the third form.
+.PP
+Note also that this is an experimental feature.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "zombie " [\fIkeys\fP [ onerror ] ]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Per default
+.I screen 
+windows are removed from the window list as soon as
+the windows process (e.g. shell) exits. When a string of two keys is 
+specified to the zombie command, `dead' windows will remain in the list.
+The \fBkill\fP command may be used to remove such a window. Pressing the 
+first key in the dead window has the same effect. When pressing the second 
+key, 
+.I screen 
+will attempt to resurrect the window. The process that was 
+initially running in the window will be launched again. Calling \fBzombie\fP
+without parameters will clear the zombie setting, thus making windows disappear 
+when their process exits.
+
+As the zombie-setting is manipulated globally for all windows, this command 
+should probably be called \fBdefzombie\fP, but it isn't.
+
+Optionally you can put the word \*Qonerror\*U after the keys. This will cause screen
+to monitor exit status of the process running in the window. If it exits normally ('0'), 
+the window disappears. Any other exit value causes the window to become a zombie.
+.RE
+.TP
+.BR "zombie_timeout" [\fIseconds\fP]
+.RS 0
+.PP
+Per default
+.I screen
+windows are removed from the window list as soon as
+the windows process (e.g. shell) exits. If \fBzombie\fP keys are defined
+(compare with above \fBzombie\fP command), it is possible to also set a
+timeout when screen tries to automatically reconnect a dead screen window.
+.RE
+
+.SH "THE MESSAGE LINE"
+.I Screen
+displays informational messages and other diagnostics in a \fImessage line\fP.
+While this line is distributed to appear at the bottom of the screen,
+it can be defined to appear at the top of the screen during compilation.
+If your terminal has a status line defined in its termcap,
+.I screen
+will use this for displaying its messages, otherwise a line of the
+current screen will
+be temporarily overwritten and output will be momentarily interrupted. The
+message line is automatically removed after a few seconds delay, but it
+can also be removed early (on terminals without a status line) by beginning
+to type.
+.PP
+The message line facility can be used by an application running in
+the current window by means of the ANSI \fIPrivacy message\fP
+control sequence.
+For instance, from within the shell, try something like:
+.IP
+echo '<esc>^Hello world from window '$WINDOW'<esc>\e\e'
+.PP
+where '<esc>' is an \fIescape\fP, '^' is a literal up-arrow,
+and '\e\e' turns into a single backslash.
+
+.SH "WINDOW TYPES"
+Screen provides three different window types. New windows are created with 
+.IR screen 's
+.B screen
+command (see also the entry in chapter \*QCUSTOMIZATION\*U). The first
+parameter to the 
+.B screen
+command defines which type of window is created. The different window types are
+all special cases of the normal type. They have been added in order
+to allow 
+.I screen 
+to be used efficiently as a console multiplexer with 100 or more windows.
+
+.IP \(bu 3
+The normal window contains a shell (default, if no parameter is given) or any
+other system command that could be executed from a shell (e.g.  
+.BR slogin ,
+etc...)
+
+.IP \(bu
+If a tty (character special device) name (e.g. \*Q/dev/ttya\*U)
+is specified as the first parameter, then the window is directly connected to
+this device. 
+This window type is similar to \*Qscreen cu \-l /dev/ttya\*U.
+Read and write access is required on the device node, an exclusive open is
+attempted on the node to mark the connection line as busy.
+An optional parameter is allowed consisting of a comma separated list of flags
+in the notation used by stty(1):
+.RS
+.IP <baud_rate>		
+Usually 300, 1200, 9600 or 19200. This affects transmission as well as receive speed.
+.IP "cs8 or cs7"
+Specify the transmission of eight (or seven) bits per byte.
+.IP "cstopb or \-cstopb"
+Specify two stop bits per character (one with '-')
+.IP "parenb or \-parenb"
+Generate parity bit in output and expect parity bit in input
+.IP "parodd or \-parodd"
+Set odd parity (or even parity with '-')
+.IP "ixon or \-ixon"
+Enables (or disables) software flow-control (CTRL-S/CTRL-Q) for sending data.
+.IP "ixoff or \-ixoff"
+Enables (or disables) software flow-control for receiving data.
+.IP "istrip or \-istrip"
+Clear (or keep) the eight bit in each received byte.
+.PP
+You may want to specify as many of these options as applicable. Unspecified
+options cause the terminal driver to make up the parameter values of the
+connection.  These values are system dependent and may be in defaults or values
+saved from a previous connection.
+.PP
+For tty windows, the 
+.B info
+command shows some of the modem control lines
+in the status line. These may include `RTS', `CTS', 'DTR', `DSR', `CD' and more.
+This depends on the available ioctl()'s and system header files as well as the
+on the physical capabilities of the serial board. 
+Signals that are logical low (inactive) have their name preceded by
+an exclamation mark (!), otherwise the signal is logical high (active).
+Signals not supported by the hardware but available to the ioctl() interface
+are usually shown low. 
+.PP
+When the CLOCAL status bit is true, the whole set of modem signals is placed 
+inside curly braces ({ and }).
+When the CRTSCTS or TIOCSOFTCAR bit is set, the signals `CTS' or `CD' 
+are shown in parenthesis, respectively. 
+.PP
+For tty windows, the command
+.B break
+causes the Data transmission line (TxD) to go low for a specified period of
+time. This is expected to be interpreted as break signal on the other side.
+No data is sent and no modem control line is changed when a 
+.B break
+is issued.
+.RE
+
+.IP \(bu
+If the first parameter is \*Q//telnet\*U, the second parameter is expected to
+be a host name, and an optional third parameter may specify a TCP port number
+(default decimal 23).  Screen will connect to a server listening on the remote
+host and use the telnet protocol to communicate with that server.
+.PP
+For telnet windows, the command
+.B info
+shows details about the connection in square brackets ([ and ]) at the end of
+the status line. 
+.RS
+.IP b
+BINARY. The connection is in binary mode.
+.IP e
+ECHO. Local echo is disabled.
+.IP c
+SGA. The connection is in `character mode' (default: `line mode').
+.IP t
+TTYPE. The terminal type has been requested by the remote host.
+Screen sends the name \*Qscreen\*U unless instructed otherwise (see also
+the command `term').
+.IP w
+NAWS. The remote site is notified about window size changes.
+.IP f
+LFLOW. The remote host will send flow control information.
+(Ignored at the moment.)
+.PP
+Additional flags for debugging are x, t and n (XDISPLOC, TSPEED and
+NEWENV).
+.PP
+For telnet windows, the command
+.B break
+sends the telnet code IAC BREAK (decimal 243) to the remote host.
+
+
+This window type is only available if
+.I screen
+was compiled with the ENABLE_TELNET option defined.
+.RE
+
+
+.SH "STRING ESCAPES"
+Screen provides an escape mechanism to insert information like the
+current time into messages or file names. The escape character
+is '%' with one exception: inside of a window's hardstatus '^%' ('^E')
+is used instead.
+
+Here is the full list of supported escapes:
+.IP %
+the escape character itself
+.IP E
+sets %? to true if the escape character has been pressed.
+.IP e
+encoding
+.IP f
+flags of the window, see \*Qwindows\*U for meanings of the various flags
+.IP F
+sets %? to true if the window has the focus
+.IP h
+hardstatus of the window
+.IP H
+hostname of the system
+.IP n
+window number
+.IP P
+sets %? to true if the current region is in copy/paste mode
+.IP S
+session name
+.IP s
+window size
+.IP t
+window title
+.IP u
+all other users on this window
+.IP w
+all window numbers and names. With '\-' qualifier: up to the current
+window; with '+' qualifier: starting with the window after the current
+one.
+.IP W
+all window numbers and names except the current one
+.IP x
+the executed command including arguments running in this windows
+.IP X
+the executed command without arguments running in this windows
+.IP ?
+the part to the next '%?' is displayed only if a '%' escape
+inside the part expands to a non-empty string
+.IP :
+else part of '%?'
+.IP =
+pad the string to the display's width (like TeX's hfill). If a
+number is specified, pad to the percentage of the window's width.
+A '0' qualifier tells screen to treat the number as absolute position.
+You can specify to pad relative to the last absolute pad position
+by adding a '+' qualifier or to pad relative to the right margin
+by using '\-'. The padding truncates the string if the specified
+position lies before the current position. Add the 'L' qualifier
+to change this.
+.IP <
+same as '%=' but just do truncation, do not fill with spaces
+.IP >
+mark the current text position for the next truncation. When
+screen needs to do truncation, it tries to do it in a way that
+the marked position gets moved to the specified percentage of
+the output area. (The area starts from the last absolute pad
+position and ends with the position specified by the truncation
+operator.) The 'L' qualifier tells screen to mark the truncated
+parts with '...'.
+.IP {
+attribute/color modifier string terminated by the next \*Q}\*U
+.IP `
+Substitute with the output of a 'backtick' command. The length
+qualifier is misused to identify one of the commands.
+.P
+The 'c' and 'C' escape may be qualified with a '0' to make 
+.I screen 
+use zero instead of space as fill character. The '0' qualifier
+also makes the '=' escape use absolute positions. The 'n' and '='
+escapes understand
+a length qualifier (e.g. '%3n'), 'D' and 'M' can be prefixed with 'L'
+to generate long names, 'w' and 'W' also show the window flags
+if 'L' is given.
+.PP
+An attribute/color modifier is used to change the attributes or the
+color settings. Its format
+is \*Q[attribute modifier] [color description]\*U. The attribute modifier
+must be prefixed by a change type indicator if it can be confused with
+a color description. The following change types are known:
+.IP +
+add the specified set to the current attributes
+.IP \-
+remove the set from the current attributes
+.IP !
+invert the set in the current attributes
+.IP =
+change the current attributes to the specified set
+.PP
+The attribute set can either be specified as a hexadecimal number or
+a combination of the following letters:
+.IP d
+dim
+.PD 0
+.IP u
+underline
+.IP b
+bold
+.IP r
+reverse
+.IP s
+/standout
+.IP B
+blinking
+.PD
+.PP
+Colors are coded either as a hexadecimal number or two letters specifying
+the desired background and foreground color (in that order). The following
+colors are known:
+.IP k
+black
+.PD 0
+.IP r
+red
+.IP g
+green
+.IP y
+yellow
+.IP b
+blue
+.IP m
+magenta
+.IP c
+cyan
+.IP w
+white
+.IP d
+default color
+.IP .
+leave color unchanged
+.PD
+.PP
+The capitalized versions of the letter specify bright colors. You can also
+use the pseudo-color 'i' to set just the brightness and leave the color
+unchanged.
+.br
+A one digit/letter color description is treated as foreground or
+background color dependent on the current attributes: if reverse mode is
+set, the background color is changed instead of the foreground color.
+If you don't like this, prefix the color with a \*Q.\*U. If you want
+the same behavior for two-letter color descriptions, also prefix them
+with a \*Q.\*U.
+.br
+As a special case, \*Q%{\-}\*U restores the attributes and colors that
+were set before the last change was made (i.e., pops one level of the
+color-change stack).
+.PP
+Examples:
+.IP "\*QG\*U"
+set color to bright green
+.IP "\*Q+b r\*U"
+use bold red
+.IP "\*Q= yd\*U"
+clear all attributes, write in default color on yellow background.
+.IP "%\-Lw%{= BW}%50>%n%f* %t%{\-}%+Lw%<"
+The available windows centered at the current window and truncated to
+the available width. The current window is displayed white on blue.
+This can be used with \*Qhardstatus alwayslastline\*U.
+.IP "%?%F%{.R.}%?%3n %t%? [%h]%?"
+The window number and title and the window's hardstatus, if one is set.
+Also use a red background if this is the active focus. Useful for
+\*Qcaption string\*U.
+.SH "FLOW-CONTROL"
+Each window has a flow-control setting that determines how
+.I screen
+deals with
+the XON and XOFF characters (and perhaps the interrupt character).
+When flow-control is turned off,
+.I screen
+ignores the XON and XOFF characters,
+which allows the user to send them to the current program by simply typing
+them (useful for the \fIemacs\fP editor, for instance).
+The trade-off is that it will take longer for output from a \*Qnormal\*U
+program to pause in response to an XOFF.
+With flow-control turned on, XON and XOFF characters are used to immediately
+pause the output of the current window.
+You can still send these characters to the current program, but you must use
+the appropriate two-character
+.I screen
+commands (typically \*QC-a q\*U (xon)
+and \*QC-a s\*U (xoff)).
+The xon/xoff commands are also useful for typing C-s and C-q past a terminal
+that intercepts these characters.
+.PP
+Each window has an initial flow-control value set with either the
+.B \-f
+option or the \*Qdefflow\*U .screenrc command. Per default the windows
+are set to automatic flow-switching.
+It can then be toggled between the three states 'fixed on', 'fixed off'
+and 'automatic' interactively with the \*Qflow\*U command bound to "C-a f".
+.PP
+The automatic flow-switching mode deals with
+flow control using the TIOCPKT mode (like \*Qrlogin\*U does). If
+the tty driver does not support TIOCPKT,
+.I screen
+tries to find out
+the right mode based on the current setting of the application
+keypad \- when it is enabled, flow-control is turned off and visa versa.
+Of course, you can still manipulate flow-control manually when needed.
+.PP
+If you're running with flow-control enabled and find that pressing the
+interrupt key (usually C-c) does not interrupt the display until another
+6-8 lines have scrolled by, try running
+.I screen
+with the \*Qinterrupt\*U
+option (add the \*Qinterrupt\*U flag to the \*Qflow\*U command in
+your .screenrc, or use the
+.B \-i
+command-line option).
+This causes the output that
+.I screen
+has accumulated from the interrupted program to be flushed.
+One disadvantage is that the virtual terminal's memory contains the
+non-flushed version of the output, which in rare cases can cause
+minor inaccuracies in the output.
+For example, if you switch screens and return, or update the screen
+with \*QC-a l\*U you would see the version of the output you would
+have gotten without \*Qinterrupt\*U being on.
+Also, you might need to turn off flow-control (or use auto-flow mode to turn
+it off automatically) when running a program that expects you to type the
+interrupt character as input, as it is possible to interrupt
+the output of the virtual terminal to your physical terminal when flow-control
+is enabled.
+If this happens, a simple refresh of the screen with \*QC-a l\*U will
+restore it.
+Give each mode a try, and use whichever mode you find more comfortable.
+
+
+.SH "TITLES (naming windows)"
+You can customize each window's name in the window display (viewed with the
+\*Qwindows\*U command (C-a w)) by setting it with one of
+the title commands.
+Normally the name displayed is the actual command name of the program
+created in the window.
+However, it is sometimes useful to distinguish various programs of the same
+name or to change the name on-the-fly to reflect the current state of
+the window.
+.PP
+The default name for all shell windows can be set with the \*Qshelltitle\*U
+command in the .screenrc file, while all other windows are created with
+a \*Qscreen\*U command and thus can have their name set with the
+.B \-t
+option.
+Interactively, there is the title-string escape-sequence
+(<esc>k\fIname\fP<esc>\e) and the \*Qtitle\*U command (C-a A).
+The former can be output from an application to control the window's name
+under software control, and the latter will prompt for a name when typed.
+You can also bind pre-defined names to keys with the \*Qtitle\*U command
+to set things quickly without prompting. Changing title by this escape sequence
+can be controlled by \fBdefdynamictitle\fP and \fBdynamictitle\fP commands. 
+.PP
+Finally,
+.I screen
+has a shell-specific heuristic that is enabled by setting the window's name
+to \*Q\fIsearch|name\fP\*U and arranging to have a null title escape-sequence
+output as a part of your prompt.
+The \fIsearch\fP portion specifies an end-of-prompt search string, while
+the \fIname\fP portion specifies the default shell name for the window.
+If the \fIname\fP ends in a `:'
+.I screen
+will add what it believes to be the current command running in the window
+to the end of the window's shell name (e.\|g. \*Q\fIname:cmd\fP\*U).
+Otherwise the current command name supersedes the shell name while it is
+running.
+.PP
+Here's how it works:  you must modify your shell prompt to output a null
+title-escape-sequence (<esc>k<esc>\e) as a part of your prompt.
+The last part of your prompt must be the same as the string you specified
+for the \fIsearch\fP portion of the title.
+Once this is set up,
+.I screen
+will use the title-escape-sequence to clear the previous command name and
+get ready for the next command.
+Then, when a newline is received from the shell, a search is made for the
+end of the prompt.
+If found, it will grab the first word after the matched string and use it
+as the command name.
+If the command name begins with either '!', '%', or '^'
+.I screen
+will use the first word on the following line (if found) in preference to
+the just-found name.
+This helps csh users get better command names when using job control or
+history recall commands.
+.PP
+Here's some .screenrc examples:
+.sp
+.nf
+	screen \-t top 2 nice top
+.fi
+.sp
+Adding this line to your .screenrc would start a nice-d version of the
+\*Qtop\*U command in window 2 named \*Qtop\*U rather than \*Qnice\*U.
+.sp
+.nf
+	shelltitle '> |csh'
+	screen 1
+.fi
+.sp
+These commands would start a shell with the given shelltitle.
+The title specified is an auto-title that would expect the prompt and
+the typed command to look something like the following:
+.sp
+.nf
+	/usr/joe/src/dir> trn
+.fi
+.sp
+(it looks after the '> ' for the command name).
+The window status would show the name \*Qtrn\*U while the command was
+running, and revert to \*Qcsh\*U upon completion.
+.sp
+.nf
+	bind R screen \-t '% |root:' su
+.fi
+.sp
+Having this command in your .screenrc would bind the key
+sequence \*QC-a R\*U to the \*Qsu\*U command and give it an
+auto-title name of \*Qroot:\*U.
+For this auto-title to work, the screen could look something
+like this:
+.sp
+.nf
+	% !em
+	emacs file.c
+.fi
+.sp
+Here the user typed the csh history command \*Q!em\*U which ran the
+previously entered \*Qemacs\*U command.
+The window status would show \*Qroot:emacs\*U during the execution
+of the command, and revert to simply \*Qroot:\*U at its completion.
+.PP
+.nf
+	bind o title
+	bind E title ""
+	bind u title (unknown)
+.fi
+.sp
+The first binding doesn't have any arguments, so it would prompt you
+for a title when you type \*QC-a o\*U.
+The second binding would clear an auto-title's current setting (C-a E).
+The third binding would set the current window's title to \*Q(unknown)\*U
+(C-a u).
+.PP
+One thing to keep in mind when adding a null title-escape-sequence to
+your prompt is that some shells (like the csh) count all the non-control
+characters as part of the prompt's length.
+If these invisible characters aren't a multiple of 8 then backspacing over
+a tab will result in an incorrect display.
+One way to get around this is to use a prompt like this:
+.sp
+.nf
+	set prompt='^[[0000m^[k^[\e% '
+.fi
+.sp
+The escape-sequence \*Q<esc>[0000m\*U not only normalizes the character
+attributes, but all the zeros round the length of the invisible characters
+up to 8.
+Bash users will probably want to echo the escape sequence in the
+PROMPT_COMMAND:
+.sp
+.nf
+	PROMPT_COMMAND='printf "\e033k\e033\e134"'
+.fi
+.sp
+(I used \*Q\e134\*U to output a `\e' because of a bug in bash v1.04).
+
+
+.SH "THE VIRTUAL TERMINAL"
+Each window in a 
+.I screen
+session emulates a VT100 terminal, with some extra functions added. The
+VT100 emulator is hard-coded, no other terminal types can be emulated.
+.br
+Usually
+.I screen
+tries to emulate as much of the VT100/ANSI standard
+as possible. But if your terminal lacks certain capabilities,
+the emulation may not be complete. In these cases
+.I screen
+has to tell the applications that some of the features
+are missing. This is no problem on machines using termcap,
+because
+.I screen
+can use the $TERMCAP variable to
+customize the standard
+.I screen
+termcap.
+.PP
+But if you do a
+rlogin on another machine or your machine supports only
+terminfo this method fails. Because of this,
+.I screen
+offers a way to deal with these cases. 
+Here is how it works:
+.PP
+When 
+.I screen
+tries to figure out a terminal name for itself,
+it first looks
+for an entry named \*Qscreen.<term>\*U, where <term> is
+the contents of your $TERM variable.
+If no such entry exists,
+.I screen
+tries \*Qscreen\*U (or \*Qscreen\-w\*U if the terminal is wide
+(132 cols or more)).
+If even this entry cannot be found, \*Qvt100\*U is used as a
+substitute.
+.PP
+The idea is that if you have a terminal which doesn't
+support an important feature (e.g. delete char or clear to EOS)
+you can build a new termcap/terminfo entry for
+.I screen
+(named \*Qscreen.<dumbterm>\*U) in which this capability
+has been disabled. If this entry is installed on your
+machines you are able to do
+a rlogin and still keep the correct termcap/terminfo entry.
+The terminal name is put in the $TERM variable
+of all new windows.
+.I Screen
+also sets the $TERMCAP variable reflecting the capabilities
+of the virtual terminal emulated. Notice that, however, on machines
+using the terminfo database this variable has no effect.
+Furthermore, the variable $WINDOW is set to the window number
+of each window.
+.PP
+The actual set of capabilities supported by the virtual terminal
+depends on the capabilities supported by the physical terminal.
+If, for instance, the physical terminal does not support underscore mode,
+.I screen
+does not put the `us' and `ue' capabilities into the window's $TERMCAP
+variable, accordingly.
+However, a minimum number of capabilities must be supported by a
+terminal in order to run
+.IR screen ;
+namely scrolling, clear screen, and direct cursor addressing
+(in addition,
+.I screen
+does not run on hardcopy terminals or on terminals that over-strike).
+.PP
+Also, you can customize the $TERMCAP value used by
+.I screen
+by using the \*Qtermcap\*U .screenrc command, or
+by defining the variable $SCREENCAP prior to startup.
+When the latter is defined, its value will be copied verbatim into each
+window's $TERMCAP variable.
+This can either be the full terminal definition, or a filename where the
+terminal \*Qscreen\*U (and/or \*Qscreen\-w\*U) is defined.
+.PP
+Note that 
+.I screen
+honors the \*Qterminfo\*U .screenrc command if the system uses the
+terminfo database rather than termcap.
+.PP
+When the boolean `G0' capability is present in the termcap entry
+for the terminal on which
+.I screen
+has been called, the terminal emulation of
+.I screen
+supports multiple character sets.
+This allows an application to make use of, for instance,
+the VT100 graphics character set or national character sets.
+The following control functions from ISO 2022 are supported:
+\fIlock shift G0\fP (\fISI\fP), \fIlock shift G1\fP (\fISO\fP),
+\fIlock shift G2\fP, \fIlock shift G3\fP, \fIsingle shift G2\fP,
+and \fIsingle shift G3\fP.
+When a virtual terminal is created or reset, the ASCII character
+set is designated as \fIG0\fP through \fIG3\fP.
+When the `G0' capability is present,
+.I screen
+evaluates the capabilities
+`S0', `E0', and `C0' if present. `S0' is the sequence the terminal uses
+to enable and start the graphics character set rather than \fISI\fP. 
+`E0' is the corresponding replacement for \fISO\fP. `C0' gives a character
+by character translation string that is used during semi-graphics mode. This 
+string is built like the `acsc' terminfo capability.
+.PP
+When the `po' and `pf' capabilities are present in the terminal's
+termcap entry, applications running in a
+.I screen
+window can send output to the printer port of the terminal.
+This allows a user to have an application in one window
+sending output to a printer connected to the terminal, while all
+other windows are still active (the printer port is enabled
+and disabled again for each chunk of output).
+As a side-effect, programs running in different windows can
+send output to the printer simultaneously.
+Data sent to the printer is not displayed in the window.  The 
+.I info
+command displays a line starting `PRIN' while the printer is active.
+.PP
+.I Screen
+maintains a hardstatus line for every window. If a window
+gets selected, the display's hardstatus will be updated to match
+the window's hardstatus line. If the display has no hardstatus
+the line will be displayed as a standard 
+.I screen 
+message.
+The hardstatus line can be changed with the ANSI Application
+Program Command (APC): \*QESC_<string>ESC\e\*U. As a convenience
+for xterm users the sequence \*QESC]0..2;<string>^G\*U is
+also accepted.
+.PP
+Some capabilities are only put into the $TERMCAP
+variable of the virtual terminal if they can be efficiently
+implemented by the physical terminal.
+For instance, `dl' (delete line) is only put into the $TERMCAP
+variable if the terminal supports either delete line itself or
+scrolling regions. Note that this may provoke confusion, when 
+the session is reattached on a different terminal, as the value
+of $TERMCAP cannot be modified by parent processes.
+.PP
+The "alternate screen" capability is not enabled by default.
+Set the \fBaltscreen\fP .screenrc command to enable it.
+.PP
+The following is a list of control sequences recognized by
+.IR screen .
+\*Q(V)\*U and \*Q(A)\*U indicate VT100-specific and ANSI- or
+ISO-specific functions, respectively.
+.PP
+.ta 22n
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC E"
+Next Line
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC D"
+Index
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC M"
+Reverse Index
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC H"
+Horizontal Tab Set
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC Z"
+Send VT100 Identification String
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC 7" "	(V)"
+Save Cursor and Attributes
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC 8" "	(V)"
+Restore Cursor and Attributes
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [s" "	(A)"
+Save Cursor and Attributes
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [u" "	(A)"
+Restore Cursor and Attributes
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC c"
+Reset to Initial State
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC g"
+Visual Bell
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC \fPPn\fB p"
+Cursor Visibility (97801)
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB6\fP
+Invisible
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB7\fP
+Visible
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC =" "	(V)"
+Application Keypad Mode
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC >" "	(V)"
+Numeric Keypad Mode
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC # 8" "	(V)"
+Fill Screen with E's
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC \e" "	(A)"
+String Terminator
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC ^" "	(A)"
+Privacy Message String (Message Line)
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC !"
+Global Message String (Message Line)
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC k"
+A.\|k.\|a. Definition String
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC P" "	(A)"
+Device Control String.
+Outputs a string directly to the host
+terminal without interpretation.
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC _" "	(A)"
+Application Program Command (Hardstatus)
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC ] 0 ; string ^G" "	(A)"
+Operating System Command (Hardstatus, xterm title hack)
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC ] 83 ; cmd ^G" "	(A)"
+Execute screen command. This only works if multi-user support is
+compiled into screen. The pseudo-user \*Q:window:\*U is used to
+check the access control list. Use \*Qaddacl :window: \-rwx #?\*U to
+create a user with no rights and allow only the needed commands.
+.TP 27
+.BR "Control-N" "	(A)"
+Lock Shift G1 (SO)
+.TP 27
+.BR "Control-O" "	(A)"
+Lock Shift G0 (SI)
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC n" "	(A)"
+Lock Shift G2
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC o" "	(A)"
+Lock Shift G3
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC N" "	(A)"
+Single Shift G2
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC O" "	(A)"
+Single Shift G3
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC ( \fPPcs" "	(A)"
+Designate character set as G0
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC ) \fPPcs" "	(A)"
+Designate character set as G1
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC * \fPPcs" "	(A)"
+Designate character set as G2
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC + \fPPcs" "	(A)"
+Designate character set as G3
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB ; \fPPn\fB H"
+Direct Cursor Addressing
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB ; \fPPn\fB f"
+same as above
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB J"
+Erase in Display
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Pn = None or \fB0\fP
+From Cursor to End of Screen
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB1\fP
+From Beginning of Screen to Cursor
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB2\fP
+Entire Screen
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB K"
+Erase in Line
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Pn = None or \fB0\fP
+From Cursor to End of Line
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB1\fP
+From Beginning of Line to Cursor
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB2\fP
+Entire Line
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB X"
+Erase character
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB A"
+Cursor Up
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB B"
+Cursor Down
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB C"
+Cursor Right
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB D"
+Cursor Left
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB E"
+Cursor next line
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB F"
+Cursor previous line
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB G"
+Cursor horizontal position
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB `"
+same as above
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB d"
+Cursor vertical position
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPs\fB ;\fP...\fB; \fPPs\fB m"
+Select Graphic Rendition
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Ps = None or \fB0\fP
+Default Rendition
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB1\fP
+Bold
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB2\fP	(A)
+Faint
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB3\fP	(A)
+\fIStandout\fP Mode (ANSI: Italicized)
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB4\fP
+Underlined
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB5\fP
+Blinking
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB7\fP
+Negative Image
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB22\fP	(A)
+Normal Intensity
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB23\fP	(A)
+\fIStandout\fP Mode off (ANSI: Italicized off)
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB24\fP	(A)
+Not Underlined
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB25\fP	(A)
+Not Blinking
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB27\fP	(A)
+Positive Image
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB30\fP	(A)
+Foreground Black
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB31\fP	(A)
+Foreground Red
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB32\fP	(A)
+Foreground Green
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB33\fP	(A)
+Foreground Yellow
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB34\fP	(A)
+Foreground Blue
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB35\fP	(A)
+Foreground Magenta
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB36\fP	(A)
+Foreground Cyan
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB37\fP	(A)
+Foreground White
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB39\fP	(A)
+Foreground Default
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB40\fP	(A)
+Background Black
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB...\fP
+...
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB49\fP	(A)
+Background Default
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB g"
+Tab Clear
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Pn = None or \fB0\fP
+Clear Tab at Current Position
+.TP 27
+Pn = \fB3\fP
+Clear All Tabs
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB ; \fPPn\fB r" "	(V)"
+Set Scrolling Region
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB I" "	(A)"
+Horizontal Tab
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB Z" "	(A)"
+Backward Tab
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB L" "	(A)"
+Insert Line
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB M" "	(A)"
+Delete Line
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB @" "	(A)"
+Insert Character
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ \fPPn\fB P" "	(A)"
+Delete Character
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB S"
+Scroll Scrolling Region Up
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB T"
+Scroll Scrolling Region Down
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPn\fB ^"
+same as above
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPs\fB ;\fP...\fB; \fPPs\fB h"
+Set Mode
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ \fPPs\fB ;\fP...\fB; \fPPs\fB l"
+Reset Mode
+.RS
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB4\fP	(A)
+Insert Mode
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB20\fP	(A)
+\fIAutomatic Linefeed\fP Mode
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB34\fP
+Normal Cursor Visibility
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?1\fP	(V)
+Application Cursor Keys
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?3\fP	(V)
+Change Terminal Width to 132 columns
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?5\fP	(V)
+Reverse Video
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?6\fP	(V)
+\fIOrigin\fP Mode
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?7\fP	(V)
+\fIWrap\fP Mode
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?9\fP
+X10 mouse tracking
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?25\fP	(V)
+Visible Cursor
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?47\fP
+Alternate Screen (old xterm code)
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?1000\fP	(V)
+VT200 mouse tracking
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?1047\fP
+Alternate Screen (new xterm code)
+.TP 27
+Ps = \fB?1049\fP
+Alternate Screen (new xterm code)
+.RE
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ 5 i" "	(A)"
+Start relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)
+.TP 27
+.BR "ESC [ 4 i" "	(A)"
+Stop relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ 8 ; \fPPh\fB ; \fPPw\fB t"
+Resize the window to `Ph' lines and `Pw' columns (SunView special)
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ c"
+Send VT100 Identification String
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ x"
+Send Terminal Parameter Report
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ > c"
+Send VT220 Secondary Device Attributes String
+.TP 27
+.B "ESC [ 6 n"
+Send Cursor Position Report
+
+
+.SH "INPUT TRANSLATION"
+In order to do a full VT100 emulation 
+.I screen
+has to detect
+that a sequence of characters in the input stream was generated
+by a keypress on the user's keyboard and insert the VT100
+style escape sequence. \fIScreen\fP has a very flexible way of doing
+this by making it possible to map arbitrary commands on arbitrary
+sequences of characters. For standard VT100 emulation the command
+will always insert a string in the input buffer of the window
+(see also command \fBstuff\fP in the command table).
+Because the sequences generated by a keypress can
+change after a reattach from a different terminal type, it is
+possible to bind commands to the termcap name of the keys.
+\fIScreen\fP will insert the correct binding after each
+reattach. See the \fBbindkey\fP command for further details on the
+syntax and examples.
+.PP
+Here is the table of the default key bindings. The fourth is what
+command is executed if the keyboard is switched into application
+mode.
+.PP
+.TS
+allbox;
+l l l l.
+Key name	Termcap name	Command	App mode
+Cursor up	ku	\e033[A	\e033OA
+Cursor down	kd	\e033[B	\e033OB
+Cursor right	kr	\e033[C	\e033OC
+Cursor left	kl	\e033[D	\e033OD
+Function key 0	k0	\e033[10~
+Function key 1	k1	\e033OP
+Function key 2	k2	\e033OQ
+Function key 3	k3	\e033OR
+Function key 4	k4	\e033OS
+Function key 5	k5	\e033[15~
+Function key 6	k6	\e033[17~
+Function key 7	k7	\e033[18~
+Function key 8	k8	\e033[19~
+Function key 9	k9	\e033[20~
+Function key 10	k;	\e033[21~
+Function key 11	F1	\e033[23~
+Function key 12	F2	\e033[24~
+Home	kh	\e033[1~
+End	kH	\e033[4~
+Insert	kI	\e033[2~
+Delete	kD	\e033[3~
+Page up	kP	\e033[5~
+Page down	kN	\e033[6~
+Keypad 0	f0	0	\e033Op
+Keypad 1	f1	1	\e033Oq
+Keypad 2	f2	2	\e033Or
+Keypad 3	f3	3	\e033Os
+Keypad 4	f4	4	\e033Ot
+Keypad 5	f5	5	\e033Ou
+Keypad 6	f6	6	\e033Ov
+Keypad 7	f7	7	\e033Ow
+Keypad 8	f8	8	\e033Ox
+Keypad 9	f9	9	\e033Oy
+Keypad +	f+	+	\e033Ok
+Keypad \-	f\-	\-	\e033Om
+Keypad *	f*	*	\e033Oj
+Keypad /	f/	/	\e033Oo
+Keypad =	fq	\&=	\e033OX
+Keypad .	f.	.	\e033On
+Keypad ,	f,	,	\e033Ol
+Keypad enter	fe	\e015	\e033OM
+.TE
+
+.SH SPECIAL TERMINAL CAPABILITIES
+The following table describes all terminal capabilities
+that are recognized by 
+.I screen
+and are not in the termcap(5) manual.
+You can place these capabilities in your termcap entries (in
+`/etc/termcap') or use them with the commands `termcap', `terminfo' and
+`termcapinfo' in your screenrc files. It is often not possible to place
+these capabilities in the terminfo database.
+.PP
+.ta 5n
+.TP 13
+.BI LP "	(bool)"
+Terminal has VT100 style margins (`magic margins'). Note that
+this capability is obsolete because 
+.I screen
+uses the standard 'xn' instead.
+.TP 13
+.BI Z0 "	(str)"
+Change width to 132 columns.
+.TP 13
+.BI Z1 "	(str)"
+Change width to 80 columns.
+.TP 13
+.BI WS "	(str)"
+Resize display. This capability has the desired width and height as
+arguments. \fISunView(tm)\fP example: '\eE[8;%d;%dt'.
+.TP 13
+.BI NF "	(bool)"
+Terminal doesn't need flow control. Send ^S and ^Q direct to
+the application. Same as 'flow off'. The opposite of this
+capability is 'nx'.
+.TP 13
+.BI G0 "	(bool)"
+Terminal can deal with ISO 2022 font selection sequences.
+.TP 13
+.BI S0 "	(str)"
+Switch charset 'G0' to the specified charset. Default
+is '\eE(%.'.
+.TP 13
+.BI E0 "	(str)"
+Switch charset 'G0' back to standard charset. Default
+is '\eE(B'.
+.TP 13
+.BI C0 "	(str)"
+Use the string as a conversion table for font '0'. See
+the 'ac' capability for more details.
+.TP 13
+.BI CS "	(str)"
+Switch cursor-keys to application mode.
+.TP 13
+.BI CE "	(str)"
+Switch cursor-keys back to normal mode.
+.TP 13
+.BI AN "	(bool)"
+Turn on autonuke. See the 'autonuke' command for more details.
+.TP 13
+.BI OL "	(num)"
+Set the output buffer limit. See the 'obuflimit' command for more details.
+.TP 13
+.BI KJ "	(str)"
+Set the encoding of the terminal. See the 'encoding' command for
+valid encodings.
+.TP 13
+.BI AF "	(str)"
+Change character foreground color in an ANSI conform way. This
+capability will almost always be set to '\eE[3%dm' ('\eE[3%p1%dm'
+on terminfo machines).
+.TP 13
+.BI AB "	(str)"
+Same as 'AF', but change background color.
+.TP 13
+.BI AX "	(bool)"
+Does understand ANSI set default fg/bg color (\eE[39m / \eE[49m).
+.TP 13
+.BI XC "	(str)"
+Describe a translation of characters to strings depending on the
+current font. More details follow in the next section.
+.TP 13
+.BI XT "	(bool)"
+Terminal understands special xterm sequences (OSC, mouse tracking).
+.TP 13
+.BI C8 "	(bool)"
+Terminal needs bold to display high-intensity colors (e.g. Eterm).
+.TP 13
+.BI TF "	(bool)"
+Add missing capabilities to the termcap/info entry. (Set by default).
+
+.SH CHARACTER TRANSLATION
+\fIScreen\fP has a powerful mechanism to translate characters to arbitrary
+strings depending on the current font and terminal type.
+Use this feature if you want to work with a common standard character
+set (say ISO8851-latin1) even on terminals that scatter the more
+unusual characters over several national language font pages.
+
+Syntax:
+.nf
+    \fBXC=\fP\fI<charset-mapping>\fP{\fB,,\fP\fI<charset-mapping>\fP}
+    \fI<charset-mapping>\fP := \fI<designator><template>\fP{\fB,\fP\fI<mapping>\fP}
+    \fI<mapping>\fP := \fI<char-to-be-mapped><template-arg>\fP
+.fi
+
+The things in braces may be repeated any number of times.
+
+A \fI<charset-mapping>\fP tells 
+.I screen
+how to map characters
+in font \fI<designator>\fP ('B': Ascii, 'A': UK, 'K': German, etc.)
+to strings. Every \fI<mapping>\fP describes to what string a single
+character will be translated. A template mechanism is used, as 
+most of the time the codes have a lot in common (for example
+strings to switch to and from another charset). Each occurrence
+of '%' in \fI<template>\fP gets substituted with the \fI<template-arg>\fP
+specified together with the character. If your strings are not
+similar at all, then use '%' as a template and place the full
+string in \fI<template-arg>\fP. A quoting mechanism was added to make
+it possible to use a real '%'. The '\e' character quotes the
+special characters '\e', '%', and ','.
+
+Here is an example:
+
+    termcap hp700 'XC=B\eE(K%\eE(B,\e304[,\e326\e\e\e\e,\e334]'
+
+This tells
+.I screen
+how to translate ISOlatin1 (charset 'B')
+upper case umlaut characters on a hp700 terminal that has a
+German charset. '\e304' gets translated to '\eE(K[\eE(B' and so on.
+Note that this line gets parsed *three* times before the internal
+lookup table is built, therefore a lot of quoting is needed to
+create a single '\e'.
+
+Another extension was added to allow more emulation: If a mapping
+translates the unquoted '%' char, it will be sent to the terminal
+whenever 
+.I screen
+switches to the corresponding \fI<designator>\fP. In this
+special case the template is assumed to be just '%' because
+the charset switch sequence and the character mappings normally
+haven't much in common.
+
+This example shows one use of the extension:
+
+    termcap xterm 'XC=K%,%\eE(B,[\e304,\e\e\e\e\e326,]\e334'
+
+Here, a part of the German ('K') charset is emulated on an xterm.
+If 
+.I screen
+has to change to the 'K' charset, '\eE(B' will be sent
+to the terminal, i.e. the ASCII charset is used instead. The
+template is just '%', so the mapping is straightforward: '['
+to '\e304', '\e' to '\e326', and ']' to '\e334'.
+
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+.PD 0
+.IP COLUMNS 15
+Number of columns on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).
+.IP HOME
+Directory in which to look for .screenrc.
+.IP LINES 
+Number of lines on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).
+.IP LOCKPRG
+Screen lock program.
+.IP NETHACKOPTIONS
+Turns on nethack option.
+.IP PATH
+Used for locating programs to run.
+.IP SCREENCAP
+For customizing a terminal's TERMCAP value.
+.IP SCREENDIR
+Alternate socket directory.
+.IP SCREENRC
+Alternate user screenrc file.
+.IP SHELL
+Default shell program for opening windows (default \*Q/bin/sh\*U).
+See also \*Qshell\*U .screenrc command.
+.IP STY
+Alternate socket name.
+.IP SYSSCREENRC
+Alternate system screenrc file.
+.IP TERM
+Terminal name.
+.IP TERMCAP
+Terminal description.
+.IP WINDOW
+Window number of a window (at creation time).
+
+.SH FILES
+.PD 0
+.IP .../screen-4.?.??/etc/screenrc 34
+.IP .../screen-4.?.??/etc/etcscreenrc
+Examples in the 
+.I screen
+distribution package for private and global initialization files.
+.IP $SYSSCREENRC 
+.IP /usr/local/etc/screenrc
+.I screen
+initialization commands
+.IP $SCREENRC
+.IP $HOME/.screenrc
+Read in after /usr/local/etc/screenrc
+.IP $SCREENDIR/S\-<login>
+.IP /local/screens/S\-<login>
+Socket directories (default)
+.IP /usr/tmp/screens/S\-<login>
+Alternate socket directories.
+.IP "<socket directory>/.termcap"
+Written by the "termcap" output function
+.IP /usr/tmp/screens/screen\-exchange
+or
+.IP /tmp/screen\-exchange
+.I screen
+`interprocess communication buffer'
+.IP hardcopy.[0-9]
+Screen images created by the hardcopy function
+.IP screenlog.[0-9]
+Output log files created by the log function
+.IP /usr/lib/terminfo/?/*
+or
+.IP /etc/termcap
+Terminal capability databases
+.IP /etc/utmp
+Login records
+.IP $LOCKPRG
+Program that locks a terminal.
+
+.SH AUTHORS
+Originally created by Oliver Laumann. For a long time maintained
+and developed by Juergen Weigert, Michael Schroeder, Micah Cowan
+and Sadrul Habib Chowdhury. Since 2015 maintained and developed
+by Amadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>
+and Alexander Naumov <alexander_naumov@opensuse.org>.
+
+.SH COPYLEFT
+.nf
+Copyright (c) 2018-2023
+	Alexander Naumov <alexander_naumov@opensuse.org>
+	Amadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>
+Copyright (c) 2015-2017
+	Juergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+	Alexander Naumov <alexander_naumov@opensuse.org>
+	Amadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>
+Copyright (c) 2010-2015
+	Juergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+	Sadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>
+Copyright (c) 2008, 2009
+	Juergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+	Michael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+	Micah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>
+	Sadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>
+Copyright (C) 1993-2003
+	Juergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+	Michael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
+Copyright (C) 1987 Oliver Laumann
+.fi
+
+.PP
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+any later version.
+.PP
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+.PP
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program (see the file COPYING); if not, write to the
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA
+
+.SH CONTRIBUTORS
+.nf
+Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>,
+Carl Drougge <bearded@longhaired.org>,
+Maarten ter Huurne <maarten@treewalker.org>,
+Jussi Kukkonen <jussi.kukkonen@intel.com>,
+Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>,
+Thomas Renninger <treen@suse.com>,
+Axel Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>,
+Ken Beal <kbeal@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com>,
+Rudolf Koenig <rfkoenig@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>,
+Toerless Eckert <eckert@immd4.informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>,
+Wayne Davison <davison@borland.com>,
+Patrick Wolfe <pat@kai.com, kailand!pat>,
+Bart Schaefer <schaefer@cse.ogi.edu>,
+Nathan Glasser <nathan@brokaw.lcs.mit.edu>,
+Larry W. Virden <lvirden@cas.org>,
+Howard Chu <hyc@hanauma.jpl.nasa.gov>,
+Tim MacKenzie <tym@dibbler.cs.monash.edu.au>,
+Markku Jarvinen <mta@{cc,cs,ee}.tut.fi>,
+Marc Boucher <marc@CAM.ORG>,
+Doug Siebert <dsiebert@isca.uiowa.edu>,
+Ken Stillson <stillson@tsfsrv.mitre.org>,
+Ian Frechett <frechett@spot.Colorado.EDU>,
+Brian Koehmstedt <bpk@gnu.ai.mit.edu>,
+Don Smith <djs6015@ultb.isc.rit.edu>,
+Frank van der Linden <vdlinden@fwi.uva.nl>,
+Martin Schweikert <schweik@cpp.ob.open.de>,
+David Vrona <dave@sashimi.lcu.com>,
+E. Tye McQueen <tye%spillman.UUCP@uunet.uu.net>,
+Matthew Green <mrg@eterna.com.au>,
+Christopher Williams <cgw@pobox.com>,
+Matt Mosley <mattm@access.digex.net>,
+Gregory Neil Shapiro <gshapiro@wpi.WPI.EDU>,
+Johannes Zellner <johannes@zellner.org>,
+Pablo Averbuj <pablo@averbuj.com>.
+.fi
+
+.SH AVAILABILITY
+The latest official release of 
+.I screen
+available via anonymous ftp from ftp.gnu.org/gnu/screen/ or any other 
+.I GNU 
+distribution site. The home page of
+.I screen
+is https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/screen/ and the git repo
+is https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/screen.git.
+If you want to help, send a note to
+.BR screen-devel@gnu.org.
+
+.SH BUGS
+.PD
+.IP \(bu 3
+`dm' (delete mode) and `xs' are not handled
+correctly (they are ignored). `xn' is treated as a magic-margin
+indicator.
+.IP \(bu
+.I Screen
+has no clue about double-high or double-wide characters.         
+But this is the only area where 
+.I vttest
+is allowed to fail.
+.IP \(bu
+It is not possible to change the environment variable $TERMCAP when 
+reattaching under a different terminal type.
+.IP \(bu
+The support of terminfo based systems is very limited. Adding extra
+capabilities to $TERMCAP may not have any effects.
+.IP \(bu
+.I Screen
+does not make use of hardware tabs.
+.IP \(bu
+.I Screen
+must be installed as set-uid with owner root on most systems in order
+to be able to correctly change the owner of the tty device file for
+each window.
+Special permission may also be required to write the file \*Q/etc/utmp\*U.
+.IP \(bu
+Entries in \*Q/etc/utmp\*U are not removed when
+.I screen
+is killed with SIGKILL.
+This will cause some programs (like "w" or "rwho")
+to advertise that a user is logged on who really isn't.
+.IP \(bu
+.I Screen
+may give a strange warning when your tty has no utmp entry.
+.IP \(bu
+When the modem line was hung up, 
+.I screen
+may not automatically detach (or quit)
+unless the device driver is configured to send a HANGUP signal. 
+To detach a 
+.I screen
+session use the \-D or \-d command line option.
+.IP \(bu
+If a password is set, the command line options \-d and \-D still detach a
+session without asking.
+.IP \(bu
+Both \*Qbreaktype\*U and \*Qdefbreaktype\*U change the break generating
+method used by all terminal devices. The first should change a window
+specific setting, where the latter should change only the default for new 
+windows.
+.IP \(bu
+When attaching to a multiuser session, the user's .screenrc file is not
+sourced. Each user's personal settings have to be included in the .screenrc
+file from which the session is booted, or have to be changed manually.
+.IP \(bu
+A weird imagination is most useful to gain full advantage of all the features.
+.PP
+Send bug-reports, fixes, enhancements, t-shirts, money, beer & pizza to
+.BR screen-devel@gnu.org .
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR termcap(5),
+.BR utmp(5),
+.BR vi(1),
+.BR captoinfo(1),
+.BR tic(1),
+.BR tty(4),
+.BR pty(7)
diff --git a/doc/screen.texinfo b/doc/screen.texinfo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efed01a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/screen.texinfo
@@ -0,0 +1,6108 @@
+\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
+@c %**start of header
+@c vi:set wm=5
+@documentencoding ISO-8859-15
+@setfilename screen.info
+@settitle Screen User's Manual
+@dircategory General Commands
+@finalout
+@setchapternewpage odd
+@c %**end of header
+@set version 4.9.1
+
+@direntry
+* Screen: (screen).             Full-screen window manager.
+@end direntry
+
+@c For examples, use a literal escape in info.
+@ifinfo
+@set esc ^[
+@end ifinfo
+@iftex
+@set esc <ESC>
+@end iftex
+
+@ifinfo
+This file documents the @code{Screen} virtual terminal manager.
+
+Copyright (c) 1993-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+
+@ignore
+Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
+results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
+notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
+(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
+
+@end ignore
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
+resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
+notice identical to this one.
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
+into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
+except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
+by the Foundation.
+@end ifinfo
+
+@titlepage
+@title Screen
+@subtitle The virtual terminal manager
+@subtitle for Version @value{version}
+@subtitle Aug 2023
+
+@page
+@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
+Copyright @copyright{} 1993-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
+resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
+notice identical to this one.
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
+into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
+except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
+by the Foundation.
+@end titlepage
+
+@shortcontents
+@contents
+
+@node Top, Overview, (dir), (dir)
+
+@ifinfo
+@top Screen
+This file documents the @code{Screen} virtual terminal manager, version
+@value{version}.
+@end ifinfo
+
+@menu
+* Overview::                    Preliminary information.
+* Getting Started::             An introduction to @code{screen}.
+* Invoking Screen::             Command line options for @code{screen}.
+* Customization::               The @file{.screenrc} file.
+* Commands::                    List all of the commands.
+* New Window::                  Running a program in a new window.
+* Selecting::                   Selecting a window to display.
+* Session Management::          Suspend/detach, grant access, connect sessions.
+* Regions::			Split-screen commands.
+* Window Settings::             Titles, logging, etc.
+* Virtual Terminal::            Controlling the @code{screen} VT100 emulation.
+* Copy and Paste::              Exchanging text between windows and sessions.
+* Subprocess Execution::	I/O filtering with @code{exec}.
+* Key Binding::                 Binding commands to keys.
+* Flow Control::                Trap or pass flow control characters.
+* Termcap::                     Tweaking your terminal's termcap entry.
+* Message Line::                The @code{screen} message line.
+* Logging::                     Keeping a record of your session.
+* Startup::                     Functions only useful at @code{screen} startup.
+* Miscellaneous::               Various other commands.
+* String Escapes::              Inserting current information into strings
+* Environment::                 Environment variables used by @code{screen}.
+* Files::                       Files used by @code{screen}.
+* Credits::                     Who's who of @code{screen}.
+* Bugs::                        What to do if you find a bug.
+* Installation::                Getting @code{screen} running on your system.
+* Concept Index::               Index of concepts.
+* Command Index::               Index of all @code{screen} commands.
+* Keystroke Index::             Index of default key bindings.
+@end menu
+
+@node Overview, Getting Started, Top, Top
+@chapter Overview
+@cindex overview
+
+Screen is a full-screen window manager that multiplexes a physical
+terminal between several processes, typically interactive shells.  Each
+virtual terminal provides the functions of the DEC VT100 terminal and,
+in addition, several control functions from the ISO 6429 (ECMA 48, ANSI X3.64)
+and ISO 2022 standards (e.g. insert/delete line and support for multiple
+character sets).  There is a scrollback history buffer for each virtual
+terminal and a copy-and-paste mechanism that allows the user to move
+text regions between windows.
+ 
+When @code{screen} is called, it creates a single window with a shell in
+it (or the specified command) and then gets out of your way so that you
+can use the program as you normally would.  Then, at any time, you can
+create new (full-screen) windows with other programs in them (including
+more shells), kill the current window, view a list of the active
+windows, turn output logging on and off, copy text between windows, view
+the scrollback history, switch between windows, etc.  All windows run
+their programs completely independent of each other.  Programs continue
+to run when their window is currently not visible and even when the
+whole screen session is detached from the user's terminal.
+
+When a program terminates, @code{screen} (per default) kills the window
+that contained it.  If this window was in the foreground, the display
+switches to the previously displayed window; if none are left,
+@code{screen} exits. Shells usually distinguish between running as login-shell or sub-shell.
+Screen runs them as sub-shells, unless told otherwise (See @code{shell} .screenrc command).
+
+Everything you type is sent to the program running in the current
+window.  The only exception to this is the one keystroke that is used to
+initiate a command to the window manager.  By default, each command
+begins with a control-a (abbreviated @kbd{C-a} from now on), and is
+followed by one other keystroke.  The command character (@pxref{Command
+Character}) and all the key bindings (@pxref{Key Binding}) can be fully
+customized to be anything you like, though they are always two
+characters in length.
+
+@code{Screen} does not understand the prefix @kbd{C-} to mean control, although
+this notation is used in this manual for readability.
+Please use the caret notation (@kbd{^A} instead of @kbd{C-a}) as arguments
+to e.g. the @code{escape} command or the @code{-e} option. @code{Screen}
+will also print out control characters in caret notation.
+
+The standard way to create a new window is to type @kbd{C-a c}.  This
+creates a new window running a shell and switches to that window
+immediately, regardless of the state of the process running in the
+current window.  Similarly, you can create a new window with a custom
+command in it by first binding the command to a keystroke (in your
+@file{.screenrc} file or at the @kbd{C-a :} command line) and then using it 
+just like the @kbd{C-a c} command.  In addition, new windows can be created by 
+running a command like:
+
+@example
+screen emacs prog.c
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+from a shell prompt within a previously created window.  This will not
+run another copy of @code{screen}, but will instead supply the command
+name and its arguments to the window manager (specified in the $STY environment
+variable) who will use it to create the new window.  The above example would 
+start the @code{emacs} editor (editing @file{prog.c}) and switch to its window.
+- Note that you cannot transport environment variables from
+the invoking shell to the application (emacs in this case), because it is
+forked from the parent screen process, not from the invoking shell.
+
+If @file{/etc/utmp} is writable by @code{screen}, an appropriate record
+will be written to this file for each window, and removed when the
+window is closed.  This is useful for working with @code{talk},
+@code{script}, @code{shutdown}, @code{rsend}, @code{sccs} and other
+similar programs that use the utmp file to determine who you are. As
+long as @code{screen} is active on your terminal, the terminal's own
+record is removed from the utmp file.  @xref{Login}.
+
+@node Getting Started, Invoking Screen, Overview, Top
+@chapter Getting Started
+@cindex introduction
+
+Before you begin to use @code{screen} you'll need to make sure you have
+correctly selected your terminal type, just as you would for any other
+termcap/terminfo program.  (You can do this by using @code{tset},
+@code{qterm}, or just @code{set term=mytermtype}, for example.)
+
+If you're impatient and want to get started without doing a lot more
+reading, you should remember this one command: @kbd{C-a ?} (@pxref{Key
+Binding}).  Typing these two characters will display a list of the
+available @code{screen} commands and their bindings. Each keystroke is
+discussed in the section on keystrokes (@pxref{Default Key Bindings}).
+Another section (@pxref{Customization}) deals with the contents of your
+@file{.screenrc}.
+
+If your terminal is a ``true'' auto-margin terminal (it doesn't allow
+the last position on the screen to be updated without scrolling the
+screen) consider using a version of your terminal's termcap that has
+automatic margins turned @emph{off}.  This will ensure an accurate
+and optimal update of the screen in all circumstances.  Most terminals
+nowadays have ``magic'' margins (automatic margins plus usable last
+column).  This is the VT100 style type and perfectly suited for
+@code{screen}.
+If all you've got is a ``true'' auto-margin terminal @code{screen}
+will be content to use it, but updating a character put into the last
+position on the screen may not be possible until the screen scrolls or
+the character is moved into a safe position in some other way. This
+delay can be shortened by using a terminal with insert-character
+capability.
+
+@xref{Special Capabilities}, for more information about telling
+@code{screen} what kind of terminal you have.
+
+@node Invoking Screen, Customization, Getting Started, Top
+@chapter Invoking @code{Screen}
+@cindex invoking
+@cindex options
+@cindex command line options
+
+Screen has the following command-line options:
+
+@table @samp
+@item -a
+Include @emph{all} capabilities (with some minor exceptions) in each
+window's termcap, even if @code{screen} must redraw parts of the display
+in order to implement a function.
+
+@item -A
+Adapt the sizes of all windows to the size of the display.  By default,
+@code{screen} may try to restore its old window sizes when attaching to
+resizable terminals (those with @samp{WS} in their descriptions, e.g.
+@code{suncmd} or some varieties of @code{xterm}).
+
+@item -c @var{file}
+Use @var{file} as the user's configuration file instead of the default
+of @file{$HOME/.screenrc}.
+
+@item -d [@var{pid.sessionname}]
+@itemx -D [@var{pid.sessionname}]
+Do not start @code{screen}, but instead detach a @code{screen} session
+running elsewhere (@pxref{Detach}).  @samp{-d} has the same effect as
+typing @kbd{C-a d} from the controlling terminal for the session.
+@samp{-D} is the equivalent to the power detach key.  If no session can
+be detached, this option is ignored.  In combination with the 
+@code{-r}/@code{-R} option more powerful effects can be achieved:
+
+@table @code
+@item -d -r
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach it first.
+@item -d -R   
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach  or  even create it first.
+@item -d -RR  
+Reattach a session and if necessary detach or create it.
+Use the first session if more than one session is available.
+@item -D -r   
+Reattach a session. If necessary detach  and  logout remotely first.
+@item -D -R   
+Attach here and now. In detail this means: If a session  is running, 
+then reattach. If necessary detach and logout remotely first.  If it
+was not running create it and notify the user.
+This is the author's favorite.
+@item -D -RR  
+Attach here and now. Whatever that  means, just do it.
+@end table
+
+@emph{Note}: It is a good idea to check the status of your sessions
+with @code{screen -list} before using this option.
+
+@item -e @var{xy}
+Set the command character to @var{x}, and the character generating a
+literal command character (when typed after the command character) to
+@var{y}.  The defaults are @kbd{C-a} and @kbd{a}, which can be specified
+as @samp{-e^Aa}.  When creating a @code{screen} session, this option
+sets the default command character. In a multiuser session all users
+added will start off with this command character. But when attaching
+to an already running session, this option only changes the command
+character of the attaching user.
+This option is equivalent to the commands @code{defescape} or 
+@code{escape} respectively.  (@pxref{Command Character}).
+
+@item -f
+@itemx -fn
+@itemx -fa
+Set flow-control to on, off, or automatic switching mode, respectively.
+This option is equivalent to the @code{defflow} command (@pxref{Flow
+Control}).
+
+@item -h @var{num}
+Set the history scrollback buffer to be @var{num} lines high.
+Equivalent to the @code{defscrollback} command (@pxref{Copy}).
+
+@item -i
+Cause the interrupt key (usually @kbd{C-c}) to interrupt the display
+immediately when flow control is on.  This option is equivalent to the
+@code{interrupt} argument to the @code{defflow} command (@pxref{Flow
+Control}). Its use is discouraged.
+
+@item -l
+@itemx -ln
+Turn login mode on or off (for @file{/etc/utmp} updating).  This option
+is equivalent to the @code{deflogin} command (@pxref{Login}).
+
+@item -ls [@var{match}]
+@itemx -list [@var{match}]
+Do not start @code{screen}, but instead print a list of session
+identification strings (usually of the form @var{pid.tty.host};
+@pxref{Session Name}).  Sessions marked @samp{detached} can be resumed
+with @code{screen -r}.  Those marked @samp{attached} are running and
+have a controlling terminal.  If the session runs in multiuser mode,
+it is marked @samp{multi}.  Sessions marked as @samp{unreachable} either
+live on a different host or are dead. 
+An unreachable session is considered dead, when its name matches either the
+name of the local host, or the specified parameter, if any.
+See the @code{-r} flag for a description how to construct matches.
+Sessions marked as @samp{dead} should be thoroughly checked and removed.  
+Ask your system administrator if you are not sure.
+Remove sessions with the @samp{-wipe} option.
+
+@item -L
+Tell @code{screen} to turn on automatic output logging for the
+windows.
+
+@item -Logfile "file"
+By default logfile name is "screenlog.0". You can set new logfile name
+with the @code{-Logfile} option.
+
+@item -m
+Tell @code{screen} to ignore the @code{$STY} environment variable.  When
+this option is used, a new session will always be created, regardless of
+whether @code{screen} is being called from within another @code{screen}
+session or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection
+with the @samp{-d} option:
+@table @code
+@item -d -m
+Start @code{screen} in @emph{detached} mode. This creates a new
+session but doesn't attach to it. This is useful for system startup
+scripts.
+@item -D -m
+This also starts @code{screen} in @emph{detached} mode, but doesn't fork
+a new process. The command exits if the session terminates.
+@end table
+
+@item -O
+Select a more optimal output mode for your terminal rather than true VT100
+emulation (only affects auto-margin  terminals  without @samp{LP}). This
+can also be set in your @file{.screenrc} by specifying @samp{OP} in the 
+@code{termcap} command.
+
+@item -p @var{name_or_number}|-|=|+
+Preselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach to a
+specific window or you want to send a command via the @samp{-X}
+option to a specific window. As with screen's select command, @samp{-}
+selects the blank window. As a special case for reattach, @samp{=}
+brings up the windowlist on the blank window, while a @samp{+} will
+create new window. The command will not be executed if the specified
+window could not be found.
+
+@item -q
+Suppress printing of error messages. In combination with @samp{-ls} the exit 
+value is set as follows: 9 indicates a directory without sessions. 10 
+indicates a directory with running but not attachable sessions. 11 (or more) 
+indicates 1 (or more) usable sessions.
+In combination with @samp{-r} the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that 
+there is no session to resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or 
+more) sessions to resume and you should specify which one to choose. 
+In all other cases @samp{-q} has no effect.
+
+@item -Q
+Some commands now can be queried from a remote session using this
+flag, e.g. 'screen -Q windows'. The commands will send the
+response to the stdout of the querying process. If there was an
+error in the command, then the querying process will exit with
+a non-zero status.
+
+The commands that can be queried now are:
+ @code{echo}
+ @code{info}
+ @code{lastmsg}
+ @code{number}
+ @code{select}
+ @code{time}
+ @code{title}
+ @code{windows}
+
+@item -r [@var{pid.sessionname}]
+@itemx -r @var{sessionowner}/[@var{pid.sessionname}]
+Resume a detached @code{screen} session.  No other options (except
+combinations with @samp{-d} or @samp{-D}) may be specified, though 
+the session name
+(@pxref{Session Name}) may be needed to distinguish between multiple
+detached @code{screen} sessions.
+The second form is used to connect to another user's screen session which
+runs in multiuser mode. This indicates that screen should look for
+sessions in another user's directory. This requires setuid-root.
+
+@item -R
+resumes screen only when it's unambiguous which one to attach, usually
+when only one @code{screen} is detached. Otherwise lists available sessions.
+
+@item -RR
+Resume the first appropriate detached @code{screen} session.  If
+successful, all other command-line options are ignored.  If no detached
+session exists, start a new session using the specified options, just as
+if @samp{-R} had not been specified.  This option is set by default if
+screen is run as a login-shell (actually screen uses @samp{-xRR} in
+that case).
+For combinations with the 
+@samp{-D}/@samp{-d} option see there.
+
+@item -s @var{program}
+Set the default shell to be @var{program}.  By default, @code{screen}
+uses the value of the environment variable @code{$SHELL}, or
+@file{/bin/sh} if it is not defined.  This option is equivalent to the
+@code{shell} command (@pxref{Shell}). See also there.
+
+@item -S @var{sessionname}
+Set the name of the new session to @var{sessionname}.  This option can
+be used to specify a meaningful name for the session in place of the
+default @var{tty.host} suffix.  This name identifies the session for the
+@code{screen -list} and @code{screen -r} commands.  This option is
+equivalent to the @code{sessionname} command (@pxref{Session Name}).
+
+@item -t @var{name}
+Set the title (name) for the default shell or specified program.
+This option is equivalent to the @code{shelltitle} command
+(@pxref{Shell}).
+
+@item -T @var{term}
+Set the $TERM enviroment variable using the specified @emph{term} as
+opposed to the default setting of @code{screen}.
+
+@item -U
+Run screen in UTF-8 mode. This option tells screen that your terminal
+sends and understands UTF-8 encoded characters. It also sets the default
+encoding for new windows to @samp{utf8}.
+
+@item -v
+Print the version number.
+
+@item -wipe [@var{match}]
+List available screens like @code{screen -ls}, but remove destroyed
+sessions instead of marking them as @samp{dead}. 
+An unreachable session is considered dead, when its name matches either 
+the name of the local host, or the explicitly given parameter, if any.
+See the @code{-r} flag for a description how to construct matches.
+
+@item -x
+Attach to a session which is already attached elsewhere (multi-display
+mode). 
+@code{Screen} refuses to attach from within itself. 
+But when cascading multiple screens, loops are not detected; take care.
+
+
+@item -X
+Send the specified command to a running screen session. You may use
+the @code{-S} option to specify the screen session if you have several
+running. You can use the @code{-d} or @code{-r} option to tell screen
+to look only for attached or detached screen sessions. Note that this
+command doesn't work if the session is password protected.
+
+@end table
+
+@node Customization, Commands, Invoking Screen, Top
+@chapter Customizing @code{Screen}
+@cindex customization
+
+You can modify the default settings for @code{screen} to fit your tastes
+either through a personal @file{.screenrc} file which contains commands
+to be executed at startup, or on the fly using the @code{colon} command.
+
+@menu
+* Startup Files::               The @file{.screenrc} file.
+* Source::                      Read commands from a file.
+* Colon::                       Entering customization commands interactively.
+@end menu
+
+@node Startup Files, Source,  , Customization
+@section The @file{.screenrc} file
+@cindex .screenrc
+@cindex screenrc
+When @code{screen} is invoked, it executes initialization commands from
+the files @file{.screenrc} in the user's home directory and
+@file{/usr/local/etc/screenrc}.  These defaults can be overridden in the 
+following ways:
+For the global screenrc file @code{screen} searches for the environment
+variable @code{$SYSSCREENRC} (this override feature may be disabled at
+compile-time).  The user specific screenrc file is
+searched for in @code{$SCREENRC}, then 
+@file{@code{$HOME}/.screenrc}.  The command line option @samp{-c}
+specifies which file to use (@pxref{Invoking Screen}).  Commands in these
+files are used to set options, bind commands to keys, and to
+automatically establish one or more windows at the beginning of
+your @code{screen} session.  Commands are listed one per line, with
+empty lines being ignored.  A command's arguments are separated by tabs
+or spaces, and may be surrounded by single or double quotes.  A @samp{#}
+turns the rest of the line into a comment, except in quotes.
+Unintelligible lines are warned about and ignored.  Commands may contain
+references to environment variables.  The syntax is the shell-like
+@code{$VAR} or @code{$@{VAR@}}.  Note that this causes incompatibility
+with previous @code{screen} versions, as now the '$'-character has to be
+protected with '\' if no variable substitution is intended. A string in 
+single-quotes is also protected from variable substitution.
+
+Two configuration files are shipped as examples with your screen
+distribution: @file{etc/screenrc} and @file{etc/etcscreenrc}. They
+contain a number of useful examples for various commands.
+
+@node Source, Colon, Startup Files, Customization
+@section Source
+@deffn Command source file
+(none)@*
+Read and execute commands from file @var{file}. Source  commands
+may be nested to a maximum recursion level of ten. If @var{file}
+is not an absolute path and  screen  is already processing  a
+source command, the parent directory of the running source
+command file is used to search for the new command file  before
+screen's current directory.
+
+Note  that termcap/terminfo/termcapinfo commands only work
+at startup and reattach time, so they must be reached  via
+the default screenrc files to have an effect.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Colon,  , Source, Customization
+@section Colon
+Customization can also be done online, with this command:
+
+@kindex :
+@deffn Command colon
+(@kbd{C-a :})@* 
+Allows you to enter @file{.screenrc} command lines.  Useful for
+on-the-fly modification of key bindings, specific window creation and
+changing settings.  Note that the @code{set} keyword no longer exists,
+as of version 3.3.  Change default settings with commands starting with
+@samp{def}.  You might think of this as the @code{ex} command mode of
+@code{screen}, with @code{copy} as its @code{vi} command mode
+(@pxref{Copy and Paste}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Commands, New Window, Customization, Top
+@chapter Commands
+
+A command in @code{screen} can either be bound to a key, invoked from a
+screenrc file, or called from the @code{colon} prompt
+(@pxref{Customization}).  As of version 3.3, all commands can be bound
+to keys, although some may be less useful than others.
+For a number of real life working examples of the most important
+commands see the files @file{etc/screenrc} and @file{etc/etcscreenrc}
+of your screen distribution.
+
+In this manual, a command definition looks like this:
+
+@table @asis
+@item -- Command: command [-n] ARG1 [ARG2] @dots{}
+(@var{keybindings})@*
+This command does something, but I can't remember what.
+@end table
+
+An argument in square brackets (@samp{[]}) is optional.  Many commands
+take an argument of @samp{on} or @samp{off}, which is indicated as
+@var{state} in the definition.
+
+@menu
+* Default Key Bindings::	@code{screen} keyboard commands.
+* Command Summary::             List of all commands.
+@end menu
+
+@node Default Key Bindings, Command Summary,  , Commands
+@section Default Key Bindings
+
+As mentioned previously, each keyboard command consists of a
+@kbd{C-a} followed by one other character.  For your convenience, all
+commands that are bound to lower-case letters are also bound to their
+control character counterparts (with the exception of @kbd{C-a a}; see
+below).  Thus, both @kbd{C-a c} and @kbd{C-a C-c} can be used to create
+a window.
+
+The following table shows the default key bindings:
+
+@table @asis
+@item @kbd{C-a '}
+(select)@*
+Prompt for a window identifier and switch.
+@xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a "}
+(windowlist -b)@*
+Present a list of all windows for selection.
+@xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a 0@dots{}9, -}
+(select 0@dots{}select 9, select -)@*
+Switch to window number 0@dots{}9, or the blank window.
+@xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a @key{Tab}}
+(focus)@*
+Switch the input focus to the next region.  @xref{Regions}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a C-a}
+(other)@*
+Toggle to the window displayed previously.  If this window does no 
+longer exist, @code{other} has the same effect as @code{next}.
+@xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a a}
+(meta)@*
+Send the command character (C-a) to window. See @code{escape} command.
+@xref{Command Character}. 
+
+@item @kbd{C-a A}
+(title)@*
+Allow the user to enter a title for the current window.
+@xref{Naming Windows}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a b}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-b}
+(break)@*
+Send a break to the tty.
+@xref{Break}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a B}
+(pow_break)@*
+Close and reopen the tty-line.
+@xref{Break}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a c}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-c}
+(screen)@*
+Create a new window with a shell and switch to that window.
+@xref{Screen Command}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a C}
+(clear)@*
+Clear the screen.  @xref{Clear}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a d}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-d}
+(detach)@*
+Detach @code{screen} from this terminal.  @xref{Detach}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a D D}
+(pow_detach)@*
+Detach and logout.  @xref{Power Detach}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a f}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-f}
+(flow)@*
+Cycle flow among @samp{on}, @samp{off} or @samp{auto}.  @xref{Flow}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a F}
+(fit)@*
+Resize the window to the current region size.  @xref{Fit}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a C-g}
+(vbell)@*
+Toggle visual bell mode.  @xref{Bell}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a h}
+(hardcopy)@*
+Write a hardcopy of the current window to the file ``hardcopy.@var{n}''.
+@xref{Hardcopy}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a H}
+(log)@* 
+Toggle logging of the current window to the file ``screenlog.@var{n}''.
+@xref{Log}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a i}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-i}
+(info)@*
+Show info about the current window.  @xref{Info}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a k}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-k}
+(kill)@*
+Destroy the current window.  @xref{Kill}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a l}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-l}
+(redisplay)@*
+Fully refresh the current window.  @xref{Redisplay}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a L}
+(login)@*
+Toggle the current window's login state.  @xref{Login}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a m}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-m}
+(lastmsg)@*
+Repeat the last message displayed in the message line.
+@xref{Last Message}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a M}
+(monitor)
+Toggle monitoring of the current window.  @xref{Monitor}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a @key{SPC}}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a n}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-n}
+(next)@*
+Switch to the next window.  @xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a N}
+(number)@*
+Show the number (and title) of the current window.  @xref{Number}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a p}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-p}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-h}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a @key{BackSpace}}
+(prev)@*
+Switch to the previous window (opposite of @kbd{C-a n}).
+@xref{Selecting}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a q}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-q}
+(xon)@*
+Send a ^Q (ASCII XON) to the current window.  @xref{XON/XOFF}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a Q}
+(only)@*
+Delete all regions but the current one.  @xref{Regions}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a r}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-r}
+(wrap)@*
+Toggle the current window's line-wrap setting (turn the current window's
+automatic margins on or off).  @xref{Wrap}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a s}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-s}
+(xoff)@*
+Send a ^S (ASCII XOFF) to the current window.  @xref{XON/XOFF}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a S}
+(split)@*
+Split the current region horizontally into two new ones.  @xref{Regions}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a t}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-t}
+(time)@*
+Show the load average and xref.  @xref{Time}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a v}
+(version)@*
+Display the version and compilation date.  @xref{Version}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a C-v}
+(digraph)@*
+Enter digraph.  @xref{Digraph}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a w}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-w}
+(windows)@*
+Show a list of active windows.  @xref{Windows}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a W}
+(width)@*
+Toggle between 80 and 132 columns.  @xref{Window Size}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a x}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-x}
+(lockscreen)@*
+Lock your terminal.  @xref{Lock}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a X}
+(remove)@*
+Kill the current region.  @xref{Regions}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a z}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-z}
+(suspend)@*
+Suspend @code{screen}.  @xref{Suspend}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a Z}
+(reset)@*
+Reset the virtual terminal to its ``power-on'' values.  
+@xref{Reset}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a .}
+(dumptermcap)@*
+Write out a @file{.termcap} file.  @xref{Dump Termcap}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a ?}
+(help)@*
+Show key bindings.  @xref{Help}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a \}
+(quit)@*
+Kill all windows and terminate @code{screen}.  @xref{Quit}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a :}
+(colon)@*
+Enter a command line.  @xref{Colon}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a [}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-[}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a @key{ESC}}
+(copy)@*
+Enter copy/scrollback mode.  @xref{Copy}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a ]}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a C-]}
+(paste .)@*
+Write the contents of the paste buffer to the stdin queue of the
+current window.  @xref{Paste}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a @{}
+@itemx @kbd{C-a @}}
+(history)@*
+Copy and paste a previous (command) line.  @xref{History}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a >}
+(writebuf)@*
+Write the paste buffer out to the screen-exchange file.
+@xref{Screen Exchange}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a <}
+(readbuf)@*
+Read the screen-exchange file into the paste buffer.
+@xref{Screen Exchange}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a =}
+(removebuf)@*
+Delete the screen-exchange file.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a _}
+(silence)@*
+Start/stop monitoring the current window for inactivity. @xref{Monitor}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a |}
+(split -v)@*
+Split the current region vertically into two new ones.  @xref{Regions}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a ,}
+(license)@*
+Show the copyright page.  @xref{License}.
+
+@item @kbd{C-a *}
+(displays)@*
+Show the listing of attached displays.  @xref{Displays}.
+@end table
+
+@node Command Summary,  , Default Key Bindings, Commands
+@section Command Summary
+@cindex command summary 
+
+@table @code
+@item acladd @var{usernames}
+Allow other users in this session.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item aclchg @var{usernames permbits list}
+Change a user's permissions.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item acldel @var{username}
+Disallow other user in this session.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item aclgrp @var{usrname} [@var{groupname}]
+Inherit permissions granted to a group leader. @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item aclumask [@var{users}]+/-@var{bits} ...
+Predefine access to new windows. @xref{Umask}.
+@item activity @var{message}
+Set the activity notification message.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item addacl @var{usernames}
+Synonym to @code{acladd}.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item allpartial @var{state}
+Set all windows to partial refresh.  @xref{Redisplay}.
+@item altscreen @var{state}
+Enables support for the "alternate screen" terminal capability.  @xref{Redisplay}.
+@item at [@var{ident}][@kbd{#}@var{|}@kbd{*}@var{|}@kbd{%}] @var{command} [@var{args}]
+Execute a command at other displays or windows.  @xref{At}.
+@item attrcolor @var{attrib} [@var{attribute/color-modifier}]
+Map attributes to colors.  @xref{Attrcolor}.
+@item autodetach @var{state}
+Automatically detach the session on SIGHUP.  @xref{Detach}.
+@item autonuke @var{state}
+Enable a clear screen to discard unwritten output.  @xref{Autonuke}.
+@item backtick @var{id} @var{lifespan} @var{autorefresh} @var{command} [@var{args}]
+Define a command for the backtick string escape.  @xref{Backtick}.
+@item bce [@var{state}]
+Change background color erase.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item bell_msg [@var{message}]
+Set the bell notification message.  @xref{Bell}.
+@item bind [-c @var{class}] @var{key} [@var{command} [@var{args}]]
+Bind a command to a key.  @xref{Bind}.
+@item bindkey [@var{opts}] [@var{string} [@var{cmd args}]]
+Bind a string to a series of keystrokes. @xref{Bindkey}.
+@item blanker
+Blank the screen.  @xref{Screen Saver}.
+@item blankerprg
+Define a blanker program.  @xref{Screen Saver}.
+@item break [@var{duration}]
+Send a break signal to the current window.  @xref{Break}.
+@item breaktype [@var{tcsendbreak} | @var{TCSBRK} | @var{TIOCSBRK}]
+Specify how to generate breaks.  @xref{Break}.
+@item bufferfile [@var{exchange-file}]
+Select a file for screen-exchange.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.
+@item bumpleft
+Swaps window with previous one on window list.  @xref{Bumpleft}.
+@item bumpright
+Swaps window with previous one on window list.  @xref{Bumpright}.
+@item c1 [@var{state}]
+Change c1 code processing.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item caption @var{mode} [@var{string}]
+Change caption mode and string.  @xref{Regions}.
+@item chacl @var{usernames permbits list}
+Synonym to @code{aclchg}. @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item charset @var{set}
+Change character set slot designation.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item chdir [@var{directory}]
+Change the current directory for future windows.  @xref{Chdir}.
+@item cjkwidth
+Treat ambiguous width characters as full/half width.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item clear
+Clear the window screen.  @xref{Clear}.
+@item colon
+Enter a @code{screen} command.  @xref{Colon}.
+@item collapse
+Reorders window on window list, removing number gaps between them.  @xref{Collapse}.
+@item command [-c @var{class}]
+Simulate the screen escape key.  @xref{Command Character}.
+@item compacthist [@var{state}]
+Selects compaction of trailing empty lines.  @xref{Scrollback}.
+@item console [@var{state}]
+Grab or ungrab console output.  @xref{Console}.
+@item copy
+Enter copy mode.  @xref{Copy}.
+@item copy_reg [@var{key}]
+Removed. Use @code{paste} instead.  @xref{Registers}.
+@item crlf @var{state}
+Select line break behavior for copying.  @xref{Line Termination}.
+@item debug @var{state}
+Suppress/allow debugging output.  @xref{Debug}.
+@item defautonuke @var{state}
+Select default autonuke behavior.  @xref{Autonuke}.
+@item defbce @var{state}
+Select background color erase.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defbreaktype [@var{tcsendbreak} | @var{TCSBRK} | @var{TIOCSBRK}]
+Specify the default for generating breaks.  @xref{Break}.
+@item defc1 @var{state}
+Select default c1 processing behavior.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defcharset [@var{set}]
+Change defaul character set slot designation.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defencoding @var{enc}
+Select default window encoding.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defescape @var{xy}
+Set the default command and @code{meta} characters.  @xref{Command Character}.
+@item defflow @var{fstate}
+Select default flow control behavior.  @xref{Flow}.
+@item defgr @var{state}
+Select default GR processing behavior.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defhstatus [@var{status}]
+Select default window hardstatus line.  @xref{Hardstatus}.
+@item deflog @var{state}
+Select default window logging behavior.  @xref{Log}.
+@item deflogin @var{state}
+Select default utmp logging behavior.  @xref{Login}.
+@item defmode @var{mode}
+Select default file mode for ptys.  @xref{Mode}.
+@item defmonitor @var{state}
+Select default activity monitoring behavior.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item defmousetrack @var{on}|@var{off}
+Select the default mouse tracking behavior.  @xref{Mousetrack}.
+@item defnonblock @var{state}|@var{numsecs}
+Select default nonblock mode.  @xref{Nonblock}.
+@item defobuflimit @var{limit}
+Select default output buffer limit.  @xref{Obuflimit}.
+@item defscrollback @var{num}
+Set default lines of scrollback.  @xref{Scrollback}.
+@item defshell @var{command}
+Set the default program for new windows.  @xref{Shell}.
+@item defsilence @var{state}
+Select default idle monitoring behavior.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item defslowpaste @var{msec}
+Select the default inter-character timeout when pasting.  @xref{Paste}.
+@item defutf8 @var{state}
+Select default character encoding.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item defwrap @var{state}
+Set default line-wrapping behavior.  @xref{Wrap}.
+@item defwritelock @var{on|off|auto}
+Set default writelock behavior.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item zombie_timeout [@var{seconds}]
+Try to reconnect dead windows after timeout.  @xref{Zombie}.
+@item detach [-h]
+Disconnect @code{screen} from the terminal.  @xref{Detach}.
+@item digraph [@var{preset} [@var{unicode-value}]]
+Enter a digraph sequence.  @xref{Digraph}.
+@item dinfo
+Display terminal information.  @xref{Info}.
+@item displays
+List currently active user interfaces. @xref{Displays}.
+@item dumptermcap
+Write the window's termcap entry to a file.  @xref{Dump Termcap}.
+@item echo [-n] @var{message}
+Display a message on startup.  @xref{Startup}.
+@item encoding @var{enc} [@var{denc}]
+Set the encoding of a window.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item escape @var{xy}
+Set the command and @code{meta} characters.  @xref{Command Character}.
+@item eval @var{command1} [@var{command2} ...]
+Parse and execute each argument. @xref{Eval}.
+@item exec [[@var{fdpat}] @var{command} [@var{args} ...]]
+Run a subprocess (filter).  @xref{Exec}.
+@item fit
+Change window size to current display size.  @xref{Window Size}.
+@item flow [@var{fstate}]
+Set flow control behavior.  @xref{Flow}.
+@item focus [@code{next}|@code{prev}|@code{up}|@code{down}|@code{left}|@code{right}|@code{top}|@code{bottom}]
+Move focus to next region.  @xref{Regions}.
+@item focusminsize
+Force the current region to a certain size.  @xref{Focusminsize}.
+@item gr [@var{state}]
+Change GR charset processing.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item group [@var{grouptitle}]
+Change or show the group the current window belongs to.  @xref{Window Groups}.
+@item hardcopy [-h] [@var{file}]
+Write out the contents of the current window.  @xref{Hardcopy}.
+@item hardcopy_append @var{state}
+Append to hardcopy files.  @xref{Hardcopy}.
+@item hardcopydir @var{directory}
+Place, where to dump hardcopy files.  @xref{Hardcopy}.
+@item hardstatus [@var{state}]
+Use the hardware status line.  @xref{Hardware Status Line}.
+@item height [@var{lines} [@var{cols}]]
+Set display height.  @xref{Window Size}.
+@item help [-c @var{class}]
+Display current key bindings.  @xref{Help}.
+@item history
+Find previous command beginning @dots{}.  @xref{History}.
+@item hstatus @var{status}
+Change the window's hardstatus line.  @xref{Hardstatus}.
+@item idle [@var{timeout} [@var{cmd} @var{args}]]
+Define a screen saver command.  @xref{Screen Saver}.
+@item ignorecase [on|off]
+Ignore character case in searches.  @xref{Searching}.
+@item info
+Display window settings.  @xref{Info}.
+@item ins_reg [@var{key}]
+Removed, use @code{paste} instead.  @xref{Registers}.
+@item kill
+Destroy the current window.  @xref{Kill}.
+@item lastmsg
+Redisplay the last message.  @xref{Last Message}.
+@item layout new [@var{title}]
+Create a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout remove [@var{n}|@var{title}]
+Delete a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout next
+Select the next layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout prev
+Select the previous layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout select [@var{n}|@var{title}]
+Jump to a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout show
+List the available layouts.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout title [@var{title}]
+Show or set the title of a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout number [@var{n}]
+Show or set the number of a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout attach [@var{title}|:last]
+Show or set which layout to reattach to.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout save [@var{n}|@var{title}]
+Remember the organization of a layout.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout autosave [@var{on}|@var{off}]
+Show or set the status of layout saving.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item layout dump [filename]
+Save the layout arrangement to a file.  @xref{Layout}.
+@item license
+Display licensing information.  @xref{Startup}.
+@item lockscreen
+Lock the controlling terminal.  @xref{Lock}.
+@item log [@var{state}]
+Log all output in the current window.  @xref{Log}.
+@item logfile @var{filename}
+Place where to collect logfiles.  @xref{Log}.
+@item login [@var{state}]
+Log the window in @file{/etc/utmp}.  @xref{Login}.
+@item logtstamp [@var{state}]
+Configure logfile time-stamps.  @xref{Log}.
+@item mapdefault
+Use only the default mapping table for the next keystroke.  @xref{Bindkey Control}.
+@item mapnotnext
+Don't try to do keymapping on the next keystroke.  @xref{Bindkey Control}.
+@item maptimeout @var{n}
+Set the inter-character timeout used for keymapping. @xref{Bindkey Control}.
+@item markkeys @var{string}
+Rebind keys in copy mode.  @xref{Copy Mode Keys}.
+@item maxwin @var{n}
+Set the maximum window number. @xref{Maxwin}.
+@item meta
+Insert the command character.  @xref{Command Character}.
+@item monitor [@var{state}]
+Monitor activity in window.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item mousetrack [@var{on}|@var{off}]
+Enable selecting split regions with mouse clicks.  @xref{Mousetrack}.
+@item msgminwait @var{sec}
+Set minimum message wait.  @xref{Message Wait}.
+@item msgwait @var{sec}
+Set default message wait.  @xref{Message Wait}.
+@item multiuser @var{state}
+Go into single or multi user mode. @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item nethack @var{state}
+Use @code{nethack}-like error messages.  @xref{Nethack}.
+@item next
+Switch to the next window.  @xref{Selecting}.
+@item nonblock [@var{state}|@var{numsecs}]
+Disable flow control to the current display. @xref{Nonblock}.|@var{numsecs}]
+@item number [@var{n}]
+Change/display the current window's number.  @xref{Number}.
+@item obuflimit [@var{limit}]
+Select output buffer limit.  @xref{Obuflimit}.
+@item only
+Kill all other regions.  @xref{Regions}.
+@item other
+Switch to the window you were in last.  @xref{Selecting}.
+@item partial @var{state}
+Set window to partial refresh.  @xref{Redisplay}.
+@item password [@var{crypted_pw}]
+Set reattach password.  @xref{Detach}.
+@item paste [@var{src_regs} [@var{dest_reg}]]
+Paste contents of paste buffer or registers somewhere.  @xref{Paste}.
+@item pastefont [@var{state}]
+Include font information in the paste buffer.  @xref{Paste}.
+@item pow_break
+Close and Reopen the window's terminal.  @xref{Break}.
+@item pow_detach
+Detach and hang up.  @xref{Power Detach}.
+@item pow_detach_msg [@var{message}]
+Set message displayed on @code{pow_detach}.  @xref{Power Detach}.
+@item prev
+Switch to the previous window.  @xref{Selecting}.
+@item printcmd [@var{cmd}]
+Set a command for VT100 printer port emulation.  @xref{Printcmd}.
+@item process [@var{key}]
+Treat a register as input to @code{screen}.  @xref{Registers}.
+@item quit
+Kill all windows and exit.  @xref{Quit}.
+@item readbuf [-e @var{encoding}] [@var{filename}]
+Read the paste buffer from the screen-exchange file.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.
+@item readreg [-e @var{encoding}] [@var{reg} [@var{file}]]
+Load a register from paste buffer or file.  @xref{Registers}.
+@item redisplay
+Redisplay the current window.  @xref{Redisplay}.
+@item register [-e @var{encoding}] @var{key} @var{string}
+Store a string to a register.  @xref{Registers}.
+@item remove
+Kill current region.  @xref{Regions}.
+@item removebuf
+Delete the screen-exchange file.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.
+@item rendition bell | monitor | silence | so @var{attr} [@var{color}]
+Change text attributes in caption for flagged windows.  @xref{Rendition}.
+@item reset
+Reset the terminal settings for the window.  @xref{Reset}.
+@item resize [(+/-)lines]
+Grow or shrink a region.  @xref{Resize}.
+@item screen [@var{opts}] [@var{n}] [@var{cmd} [@var{args}] | //group]
+Create a new window.  @xref{Screen Command}.
+@item scrollback @var{num}
+Set size of scrollback buffer.  @xref{Scrollback}.
+@item select [@var{n}|-|.]
+Switch to a specified window.  @xref{Selecting}.
+@item sessionname [@var{name}]
+Name this session.  @xref{Session Name}.
+@item setenv [@var{var} [@var{string}]]
+Set an environment variable for new windows.  @xref{Setenv}.
+@item setsid @var{state}
+Control process group creation for windows.  @xref{Setsid}.
+@item shell @var{command}
+Set the default program for new windows.  @xref{Shell}.
+@item shelltitle @var{title}
+Set the default name for new windows.  @xref{Shell}.
+@item silence [@var{state}|@var{seconds}]
+Monitor a window for inactivity.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item silencewait @var{seconds}
+Default timeout to trigger an inactivity notify.  @xref{Monitor}.
+@item sleep @var{num}
+Pause during startup.  @xref{Startup}.
+@item slowpaste @var{msec}
+Slow down pasting in windows.  @xref{Paste}.
+@item source @var{file}
+Run commands from a file.  @xref{Source}.
+@item sorendition [@var{attr} [@var{color}]]
+Deprecated. Use @code{rendition so} instead. @xref{Rendition}.
+@item split
+Split region into two parts.  @xref{Regions}.
+@item startup_message @var{state}
+Display copyright notice on startup.  @xref{Startup}.
+@item stuff [@var{string}]
+Stuff a string in the input buffer of a window.  @xref{Paste}.
+@item su [@var{username} [@var{password} [@var{password2}]]]
+Identify a user. @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item suspend
+Put session in background.  @xref{Suspend}.
+@item term @var{term}
+Set @code{$TERM} for new windows.  @xref{Term}.
+@item termcap @var{term} @var{terminal-tweaks} [@var{window-tweaks}]
+Tweak termcap entries for best performance.  @xref{Termcap Syntax}.
+@item terminfo @var{term} @var{terminal-tweaks} [@var{window-tweaks}]
+Ditto, for terminfo systems.  @xref{Termcap Syntax}.
+@item termcapinfo @var{term} @var{terminal-tweaks} [@var{window-tweaks}]
+Ditto, for both systems.  @xref{Termcap Syntax}.
+@item time [@var{string}]
+Display time and load average.  @xref{Time}.
+@item title [@var{windowtitle}]
+Set the name of the current window.  @xref{Title Command}.
+@item umask [@var{users}]+/-@var{bits} ...
+Synonym to @code{aclumask}. @xref{Umask}.
+@item unbindall
+Unset all keybindings. @xref{Bind}.
+@item unsetenv @var{var}
+Unset environment variable for new windows.  @xref{Setenv}.
+@item utf8 [@var{state} [@var{dstate}]]
+Select character encoding of the current window.  @xref{Character Processing}.
+@item vbell [@var{state}]
+Use visual bell.  @xref{Bell}.
+@item vbell_msg [@var{message}]
+Set vbell message.  @xref{Bell}.
+@item vbellwait @var{sec}
+Set delay for vbell message.  @xref{Bell}.
+@item version
+Display @code{screen} version.  @xref{Version}.
+@item wall @var{message}
+Write a message to all displays.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item width [@var{cols} [@var{lines}]]
+Set the width of the window.  @xref{Window Size}.
+@item windowlist [[-b] [-m] [-g]] | string [@var{string}] | title [@var{title}]
+Present a list of all windows for selection.  @xref{Windowlist}.
+@item windows
+List active windows.  @xref{Windows}.
+@item wrap [ on | off ]
+Control line-wrap behavior.  @xref{Wrap}.
+@item writebuf [-e @var{encoding}] [@var{filename}]
+Write paste buffer to screen-exchange file.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.
+@item writelock @var{on}|@var{off}|@var{auto}
+Grant exclusive write permission.  @xref{Multiuser Session}.
+@item xoff
+Send an XOFF character.  @xref{XON/XOFF}.
+@item xon
+Send an XON character.  @xref{XON/XOFF}.
+@item zmodem [off|auto|catch|pass]
+Define how screen treats zmodem requests.  @xref{Zmodem}.
+@item zombie [@var{keys} [onerror] ]
+Keep dead windows.  @xref{Zombie}.
+@end table
+
+@node New Window, Selecting, Commands, Top
+@chapter New Window
+
+This section describes the commands for creating a new window for
+running programs.  When a new window is created, the first available
+number is assigned to it.
+The number of windows is set by the MAXWIN configuration parameter
+(which defaults to 100), but it can be changed by using @code{maxwin}
+command.
+
+@menu
+* Chdir::                       Change the working directory for new windows.
+* Screen Command::              Create a new window.
+* Setenv::                      Set environment variables for new windows.
+* Shell::                       Parameters for shell windows.
+* Term::                        Set the terminal type for new windows.
+* Window Types::                Creating different types of windows.
+* Window Groups::               Grouping windows together
+@end menu
+
+@node Chdir, Screen Command,  , New Window
+@section Chdir
+@deffn Command chdir [directory]
+(none)@*
+Change the current directory of @code{screen} to the specified directory
+or, if called without an argument, to your home directory (the value of
+the environment variable @code{$HOME}).  All windows that are created by means
+of the @code{screen} command from within @file{.screenrc} or by means of
+@kbd{C-a : screen @dots{}} or @kbd{C-a c} use this as their default
+directory.  Without a @code{chdir} command, this would be the directory
+from which @code{screen} was invoked.  Hardcopy and log files are always
+written to the @emph{window's} default directory, @emph{not} the current
+directory of the process running in the window.  You can use this
+command multiple times in your @file{.screenrc} to start various windows
+in different default directories, but the last @code{chdir} value will
+affect all the windows you create interactively.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Screen Command, Setenv, Chdir, New Window
+@section Screen Command
+@kindex c
+@kindex C-c
+@deffn Command screen [opts] [n] [cmd [args] @var{| //group}]
+(@kbd{C-a c}, @kbd{C-a C-c})@*
+Establish a new window.  The flow-control options (@samp{-f}, @samp{-fn}
+and @samp{-fa}), title option (@samp{-t}), login options
+(@samp{-l} and @samp{-ln}) , terminal type option (@samp{-T @var{term}}),
+the all-capability-flag (@samp{-a}) and scrollback option 
+(@samp{-h @var{num}}) may be specified with each command. 
+The option (@samp{-M}) turns monitoring on for this window.
+The option (@samp{-L}) turns output logging on for this window.
+If an optional number @var{n} in the range 0@dots{}MAXWIN-1 is given,
+the window number @var{n} is assigned to the newly created window (or,
+if this number is already in-use, the next available number).  If a
+command is specified after @code{screen}, this command (with the given
+arguments) is started in the window; otherwise, a shell is created.
+If @samp{//group} is supplied, a container-type window is created in
+which other windows may be created inside it. @xref{Window Groups}.
+
+Screen has built in some functionality of @samp{cu} and @samp{telnet}.
+@xref{Window Types}.
+@end deffn
+
+Thus, if your @file{.screenrc} contains the lines
+
+@example
+# example for .screenrc:
+screen 1
+screen -fn -t foobar 2 -L telnet foobar
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+@code{screen} creates a shell window (in window #1) and a window with a
+TELNET connection to the machine foobar (with no flow-control using the
+title @samp{foobar} in window #2) and will write a logfile @samp{screenlog.2}
+of the telnet session.  If you do not include any
+@code{screen} commands in your @file{.screenrc} file, then @code{screen}
+defaults to creating a single shell window, number zero.  When the
+initialization is completed, @code{screen} switches to the last window
+specified in your .screenrc file or, if none, it opens default window
+#0.
+
+@node Setenv, Shell, Screen Command, New Window
+@section Setenv
+@deffn Command setenv var string
+(none)@*
+Set the environment variable @var{var} to value @var{string}.
+If only @var{var} is specified, the user will be prompted to enter a value.
+If no parameters are specified, the user will be prompted for both variable
+and value. The environment is inherited by all subsequently forked shells.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command unsetenv var
+(none)@*
+Unset an environment variable.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Shell, Term, Setenv, New Window
+@section Shell
+@deffn Command shell command
+@deffnx Command defshell command
+(none)@*
+Set the command to be used to create a new shell.  This overrides the
+value of the environment variable @code{$SHELL}.  This is useful if
+you'd like to run a tty-enhancer which is expecting to execute the
+program specified in @code{$SHELL}.  
+If the command begins with a @samp{-} character, the shell will be started as a
+login-shell. Typical shells do only minimal initialization when not started as a login-shell.
+E.g. Bash will not read your @file{~/.bash_profile} unless it is a login-shell.
+
+@code{defshell} is currently a synonym to the @code{shell} .screenrc command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command shelltitle title
+(none)@*
+Set the title for all shells created during startup or by the C-a C-c
+command.  @xref{Naming Windows}, for details about what titles are.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Term, Window Types , Shell, New Window
+@section Term
+@deffn Command term term
+(none)@*
+In each window @code{screen} opens, it sets the @code{$TERM}
+variable to @code{screen} by default, unless no description for
+@code{screen} is installed in the local termcap or terminfo data base.
+In that case it pretends that the terminal emulator is @samp{vt100}.
+This won't do much harm, as @code{screen} is VT100/ANSI compatible.  The
+use of the @code{term} command is discouraged for non-default purpose.
+That is, one may want to specify special @code{$TERM} settings (e.g. vt100) for
+the next @code{screen rlogin othermachine} command. Use the command
+@code{screen -T vt100 rlogin othermachine} rather than setting
+and resetting the default.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Window Types, Window Groups, Term, New Window
+@section Window Types
+@cindex window types
+Screen provides three different window types. New windows are created
+with @code{screen}'s @samp{screen} command (@pxref{Screen Command}).
+The first parameter to the @samp{screen} command defines which
+type of window is created. The different window types are all
+special cases of the normal type. They have been added in order
+to allow @code{screen} to be used efficiently as a console
+with 100 or more windows.
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+The normal window contains a shell (default, if no parameter is given)
+or any other system command that could be executed from a shell.
+(e.g. @samp{slogin}, etc...).
+
+@item
+If a tty (character special device) name (e.g. @samp{/dev/ttya})
+is specified as the first parameter, then the window is directly
+connected to this device.
+This window type is similar to @samp{screen cu -l /dev/ttya}.
+Read and write access is required on the device node,
+an exclusive open is attempted on the node to mark the connection line
+as busy.
+An optional parameter is allowed consisting of a comma separated
+list of flags in the notation used by @samp{stty(1)}:
+@table @code
+@item <baud_rate>
+Usually 300, 1200, 9600 or 19200. This affects transmission as well as
+receive speed.
+@item cs8 or cs7
+Specify the transmission of eight (or seven) bits per byte.
+@item cstopb or -cstopb
+Specify two (or one) stop bits per character
+@item parenb or -parenb
+Generate parity bit in output and expect parity bit in input
+@item parodd or -parodd
+Set odd (or even) parity
+@item ixon or -ixon
+Enables (or disables) software flow-control (CTRL-S/CTRL-Q) for sending
+data.
+@item ixoff or -ixoff
+Enables (or disables) software flow-control for receiving data.
+@item istrip or -istrip
+Clear (or keep) the eight bit in each received byte.
+@end table
+
+You may want to specify as many of these options as applicable.
+Unspecified options cause the terminal driver to make up the parameter
+values of the connection. These values are system-dependent and may be
+in defaults or values saved from a previous connection.
+
+For tty windows, the @code{info} command shows some of the modem
+control lines in the status line.
+These may include @samp{RTS}, @samp{CTS}, @samp{DTR}, @samp{CD} and
+more. This depends rather on on the available @code{ioctl()}'s and system
+header files than on the physical capabilities of the serial board. 
+The name of a logical low (inactive) signal is preceded by an 
+exclamation mark (@samp{!}), otherwise the signal is logical high (active).
+Unsupported but shown signals are usually shown low.
+When the @code{CLOCAL} status bit is true, the whole set of modem signals is 
+placed inside curly braces (@samp{@{} and @samp{@}}).
+When the @code{CRTSCTS} or @code{TIOCSOFTCAR} bit is true, the signals 
+@samp{CTS} or @samp{CD} are shown in parenthesis, respectively.
+
+For tty windows, the command @code{break} causes the Data transmission
+line (TxD) to go low for a specified period of time. This is expected
+to be interpreted as break signal on the other side.
+No data is sent and no modem control line is changed when a
+@code{break} is issued.
+
+@item
+If the first parameter is @code{//telnet}, the second parameter is
+expected to be a host name, and an optional third parameter may specify
+a TCP port number (default decimal 23). Screen will connect to a
+server listening on the remote host and use the telnet protocol to
+communicate with that server.
+
+For telnet windows, the command @code{info} shows details about
+the connection in square brackets (@samp{[} and @samp{]}) at the end of
+the status line.
+@table @code
+@item b
+BINARY. The connection is in binary mode.
+@item e
+ECHO. Local echo is disabled.
+@item c
+SGA. The connection is in `character mode' (default: `line mode').
+@item t
+TTYPE. The terminal type has been requested by the remote host. Screen
+sends the name @code{screen} unless instructed otherwise (see also the
+command @samp{term}).
+@item w
+NAWS. The remote site is notified about window size changes.
+@item f
+LFLOW. The remote host will send flow control information.
+(Ignored at the moment.)
+@end table
+Additional flags for debugging are @samp{x}, @samp{t} and @samp{n}
+(XDISPLOC, TSPEED and NEWENV).
+
+For telnet windows, the command @code{break} sends the telnet code
+@code{IAC BREAK} (decimal 243) to the remote host.
+
+@end itemize
+
+@node Window Groups, , Window Types, New Window
+@section Window Groups
+@cindex window groups
+Screen provides a method for grouping windows together. Windows can be
+organized in a hierarchical fashion, resembling a tree structure. New
+screens are created using the @code{screen} command while new groups
+are created using @code{screen //group}. @xref{Screen Command}. 
+
+Once a new group is created, it will act as a container for windows
+and even other groups. When a group is selected, you will see the
+output of the @code{windowlist} command, allowing you to select a
+window inside. If there are no windows inside a group, use the 
+@code{screen} command to create one. Once inside a group, using the
+commands @code{next} and @code{prev} will switch between windows only
+in that group. Using the @code{windowlist} command will give you the
+opportunity to leave the group you are in. @xref{Windowlist}.
+
+@deffn Command group [grouptitle]
+(none)@*
+Change or show the group the current window belongs to. Windows can
+be moved around between different groups by specifying the name of
+the destination group. Without specifying a group, the title of the
+current group is displayed.
+@end deffn
+
+Using groups in combination with layouts will help create a 
+multi-desktop experience. One group can be assigned for each
+layout made. Windows can be made, split, and organized within each
+group as desired. Afterwhich, switching between groups can be as easy
+as switching layouts.
+
+@node Selecting, Session Management, New Window, Top
+@chapter Selecting a Window
+
+This section describes the commands for switching between windows in an
+@code{screen} session.  The windows are numbered from 0 to 9, and are created
+in that order by default (@pxref{New Window}).
+
+@menu
+* Next and Previous::           Forward or back one window.
+* Other Window::                Switch back and forth between two windows.
+* Select::                      Switch to a window (and to one after @code{kill}).
+* Windowlist::                  Present a list of all windows for selection.
+@end menu
+
+@node Next and Previous, Other Window,  , Selecting
+@section Moving Back and Forth
+@kindex SPC
+@kindex n
+@kindex C-n
+@deffn Command next
+(@kbd{C-a @key{SPC}}, @kbd{C-a n}, @kbd{C-a C-n})@*
+Switch to the next window.  This command can be used repeatedly to
+cycle through the list of windows.  (On some terminals, C-@key{SPC}
+generates a NUL character, so you must release the control key before
+pressing space.)
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex p
+@kindex C-p
+@kindex C-h
+@kindex Backspace
+@deffn Command prev
+(@kbd{C-a p}, @kbd{C-a C-p}, @kbd{C-a C-h}, @kbd{C-a @key{Backspace}})@*
+Switch to the previous window (the opposite of @kbd{C-a n}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Other Window, Select, Next and Previous, Selecting
+@section Other Window
+@kindex C-a
+@deffn Command other
+(@kbd{C-a C-a})@*
+Switch to the last window displayed.  Note that this command
+defaults to the command character typed twice, unless overridden.
+For instance, if you use the option @samp{-e]x}, 
+this command becomes @kbd{]]} (@pxref{Command Character}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Select, Windowlist, Other Window, Selecting
+@section Select
+@kindex 0@dots{}9
+@kindex '
+@deffn Command select [n @var{|-|.}]
+(@kbd{C-a @var{n}}, @kbd{C-a '})@*
+Switch to the window with the number @var{n}.
+If no window number is specified, you get prompted for an 
+identifier. This can be a window name (title) or a number.
+When a new window is established, the lowest available number
+is assigned to this window.
+Thus, the first window can be activated by @code{select 0}; there
+can be no more than 10 windows present simultaneously (unless screen is
+compiled with a higher MAXWIN setting).
+There are two special arguments, @code{select -} switches to the
+internal blank window and @code{select .} switches to the
+current window. The latter is useful if used with screen's
+@code{-X} option.
+
+@end deffn
+
+@node Windowlist, , Select, Selecting
+@section Windowlist
+@kindex "
+@deffn Command windowlist [-b] [-m] [-g]
+@deffnx Command windowlist string [@var{string}]
+@deffnx Command windowlist title [@var{title}]
+(@kbd{C-a "})@*
+Display all windows in a table for visual window selection.
+If screen was in a window group, screen will
+back out of the group and then display the windows in that
+group. If the @code{-b} option is given, screen will
+switch to the blank window before presenting the list, so
+that the current window is also selectable.
+The @code{-m} option changes the order of the windows, instead of
+sorting by window numbers screen uses its internal most-recently-used
+list. The @code{-g} option will show the windows inside any groups
+in that level and downwards.
+
+The following keys are used to navigate in @code{windowlist}:
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{k}, @kbd{C-p}, or @kbd{up} Move up one line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{j}, @kbd{C-n}, or @kbd{down} Move down one line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-g} or @kbd{escape} Exit windowlist.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-a} or @kbd{home} Move to the first line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-e} or @kbd{end} Move to the last line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-u} or @kbd{C-d} Move one half page up or down.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-b} or @kbd{C-f} Move one full page up or down.
+
+@indent
+@kbd{0..9} Using the number keys, move to the selected line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{mouseclick} Move to the selected line. Available when
+@code{mousetrack} is set to @code{on}.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{/} Search.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{n} Repeat search in the forward direction.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{N} Repeat search in the backward direction.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{m} Toggle MRU.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{g} Toggle group nesting.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{a} All window view.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-h} or @kbd{backspace} Back out the group.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{,} Switch numbers with the previous window.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{.} Switch numbers with the next window.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{K} Kill that window.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{space} or @kbd{enter} Select that window.
+
+The table format can be changed with the string and title
+option, the title is displayed as table heading, while the
+lines are made by using the string setting.  The default
+setting is @samp{Num Name%=Flags} for the title and
+@samp{%3n %t%=%f} for the lines. See the string escapes chapter
+(@pxref{String Escapes}) for more codes (e.g. color settings).
+
+@code{Windowlist} needs a region size of at least 10 characters
+wide and 6 characters high in order to display.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Session Management, Regions, Selecting, Top
+@chapter Session Management Commands
+
+Perhaps the most useful feature of @code{screen} is the way it allows
+the user to move a session between terminals, by detaching and
+reattaching.  This also makes life easier for modem users who have to
+deal with unexpected loss of carrier.
+
+@menu
+* Detach::                      Disconnect @code{screen} from your terminal.
+* Power Detach::                Detach and log out.
+* Lock::                        Lock your terminal temporarily.
+* Multiuser Session::		Changing number of allowed users.
+* Session Name::                Rename your session for later reattachment.
+* Suspend::                     Suspend your session.
+* Quit::                        Terminate your session.
+@end menu
+
+@node Detach, Power Detach,  , Session Management
+@section Detach
+
+@deffn Command autodetach state
+(none)@*
+Sets whether @code{screen} will automatically detach upon hangup, which
+saves all your running programs until they are resumed with a
+@code{screen -r} command.  When turned off, a hangup signal will
+terminate @code{screen} and all the processes it contains. Autodetach is
+on by default.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex d
+@kindex C-d
+@deffn Command detach
+(@kbd{C-a d}, @kbd{C-a C-d})@*
+Detach the @code{screen} session (disconnect it from the terminal and
+put it into the background).  A detached @code{screen} can be resumed by
+invoking @code{screen} with the @code{-r} option (@pxref{Invoking
+Screen}).
+The @code{-h} option tells screen to immediately close the connection
+to the terminal (@samp{hangup}).
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command password [crypted_pw]
+(none)@*
+Present a crypted password in your @file{.screenrc} file and screen will
+ask for it, whenever someone attempts to resume a detached session. This
+is useful, if you have privileged programs running under @code{screen}
+and you want to protect your session from reattach attempts by users
+that managed to assume your uid. (I.e. any superuser.)  If no crypted
+password is specified, screen prompts twice a password and places its
+encryption in the paste buffer.  Default is `none', which disables
+password checking.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Power Detach, Lock, Detach, Session Management
+@section Power Detach
+
+@kindex D
+@deffn Command pow_detach
+(@kbd{C-a D D})@*
+Mainly the same as @code{detach}, but also sends a HANGUP signal
+to the parent process of @code{screen}.@*
+@emph{Caution}: This will result in a
+logout if @code{screen} was started from your login-shell.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command pow_detach_msg [message]
+(none)@*
+The @var{message} specified here is output whenever a power detach is
+performed. It may be used as a replacement for a logout message or to reset 
+baud rate, etc.
+Without a parameter, the current message is shown.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Lock, Multiuser Session, Power Detach, Session Management
+@section Lock
+@kindex x
+@kindex C-x
+@deffn Command lockscreen
+(@kbd{C-a x}, @kbd{C-a C-x})@*
+Call a screenlock program. Screen does not accept any
+command keys until this program terminates. Meanwhile processes in the
+windows may continue, as the windows are in the detached state.
+The screenlock program may be changed through the environment variable
+@code{$LOCKPRG} (which must be set in the shell from which @code{screen}
+is started) and is executed with the user's uid and gid.
+
+Warning: When you leave other shells unlocked and have no password set
+on @code{screen}, the lock is void: One could easily re-attach from an
+unlocked shell. This feature should rather be called
+@code{lockterminal}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Multiuser Session, Session Name, Lock, Session Management
+@section Multiuser Session
+@cindex multiuser session 
+
+These commands allow other users to gain access to one single @code{screen}
+session. When attaching to a multiuser @code{screen} the sessionname is 
+specified as @code{username/sessionname} to the @code{-S} command line option.
+@code{Screen} must be compiled with multiuser support to enable features 
+described here.
+
+@menu
+* Multiuser::			Enable / Disable multiuser mode.
+* Acladd::			Enable a specific user.
+* Aclchg::                      Change a users permissions.
+* Acldel::			Disable a specific user.
+* Aclgrp::			Grant a user permissions to other users.
+* Displays::			List all active users at their displays.
+* Umask::			Predefine access to new windows.
+* Wall::                        Write a message to all users.
+* Writelock::                   Grant exclusive window access.
+* Su::                          Substitute user.
+@end menu
+
+@node Multiuser, Acladd,  , Multiuser Session
+@subsection Multiuser
+@deffn Command multiuser @var{state}
+(none)@*
+Switch between single-user and multi-user mode. Standard screen operation is 
+single-user. In multi-user mode the commands @code{acladd}, @code{aclchg} and 
+@code{acldel} can be used to enable (and disable) other users accessing this 
+@code{screen}.  
+@end deffn
+
+@node Acladd, Aclchg, Multiuser, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Acladd
+@deffn Command acladd @var{usernames}
+@deffnx Command addacl @var{usernames}
+(none)@*
+Enable users to fully access this screen session. @var{Usernames} can be one 
+user or a comma separated list of users. This command enables to attach to
+the @code{screen} session and performs the equivalent of
+@code{aclchg @var{usernames} +rwx "#?"}. To add a user with restricted access,
+use the @code{aclchg} command below. 
+@code{Addacl} is a synonym to @code{acladd}.
+Multi-user mode only.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Aclchg, Acldel, Acladd, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Aclchg
+@deffn Command aclchg @var{usernames permbits list}
+@deffnx Command chacl @var{usernames permbits list}
+(none)@*
+Change permissions for a comma separated list of users. 
+Permission bits are represented as @samp{r}, @samp{w} and @samp{x}. 
+Prefixing @samp{+} grants the permission, @samp{-} removes it. The third 
+parameter is a comma separated list of commands or windows (specified either 
+by number or title). The special list @samp{#} refers to all windows, @samp{?} 
+to all commands. If @var{usernames} consists of a single @samp{*}, all 
+known users are affected. 
+A command can be executed when the user has the @samp{x} bit for it. The user
+can type input to a window when he has its @samp{w} bit set and no other
+user obtains a writelock for this window. Other bits are currently ignored.
+To withdraw the writelock from another user in e.g. window 2:
+@samp{aclchg @var{username} -w+w 2}. To allow read-only access 
+to the session: @samp{aclchg @var{username} -w "#"}. As soon as a user's name 
+is known to screen, he can attach to the session and (per default) has full 
+permissions for all command and windows. Execution permission for the acl 
+commands, @code{at} and others should also be removed or the user may be able 
+to regain write permission.
+@code{Chacl} is a synonym to @code{aclchg}.
+Multi-user mode only.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Acldel, Aclgrp, Aclchg, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Acldel
+@deffn Command acldel @var{username}
+(none)@*
+Remove a user from screen's access control list. If currently attached, all the
+user's displays are detached from the session. He cannot attach again.
+Multi-user mode only.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Aclgrp, Displays, Acldel, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Aclgrp
+@deffn Command aclgrp @var{username} [@var{groupname}]
+(none)@*
+Creates groups of users that share common access rights. The
+name  of the group is the username of the group leader. Each
+member of  the  group  inherits  the  permissions  that  are
+granted  to the group leader. That means, if a user fails an
+access check, another check is made for the group leader.
+A user is removed from all groups the special value @samp{none}
+is used for @var{groupname}. If the second parameter is omitted
+all groups the user is in are listed.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Displays, Umask, Aclgrp, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Displays
+@kindex *
+@deffn Command displays
+(@kbd{C-a *})@*
+Shows a tabular listing  of  all  currently  connected  user
+front-ends  (displays).   This  is most useful for multiuser
+sessions.
+
+The following keys can be used in @code{displays} list:
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{k}, @kbd{C-p}, or @kbd{up} Move up one line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{j}, @kbd{C-n}, or @kbd{down} Move down one line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-a} or @kbd{home} Move to the first line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-e} or @kbd{end} Move to the last line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-u} or @kbd{C-d} Move one half page up or down.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-b} or @kbd{C-f} Move one full page up or down.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{mouseclick} Move to the selected line. Available when
+@code{mousetrack} is set to @code{on}.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{space} Refresh the list.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{d} Detach the selected display.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{D} Power detach the selected display.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-g}, @kbd{enter}, or @kbd{escape} Exit the list.
+
+
+The following is an example of what @code{displays} could
+look like:
+
+@example
+xterm 80x42   jnweiger@@/dev/ttyp4      0(m11)    &rWx
+facit 80x24   mlschroe@@/dev/ttyhf nb  11(tcsh)    rwx
+xterm 80x42   jnhollma@@/dev/ttyp5      0(m11)    &R.x
+ (A)   (B)       (C)     (D)     (E)  (F)(G)    (H)(I)
+@end example
+
+The legend is as follows:
+@*(A) The terminal type known by @code{screen} for this display.
+@*(B) Displays geometry as width x height.
+@*(C) Username who is logged in at the display.
+@*(D) Device name of the display or the attached device
+@*(E) Display is in blocking or nonblocking mode. The available
+    modes are "nb", "NB", "Z<", "Z>", and  "BL".
+@*(F) Number of the window
+@*(G) Name/title of window
+@*(H) Whether the window is shared
+@*(I) Window permissions. Made up of three characters:
+@display
+(1st character)
+    @samp{-} : no read
+    @samp{r} : read
+    @samp{R} : read only due to foreign wlock
+(2nd character)
+    @samp{-} : no write
+    @samp{.} : write suppressed by foreign wlock
+    @samp{w} : write
+    @samp{W} : own wlock
+(3rd character)
+    @samp{-} : no execute
+    @samp{x} : execute
+@end display
+
+@code{Displays} needs a region size of at least 10 characters
+wide and 5 characters high in order to display.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Umask, Wall, Displays, Multiuser Session
+@subsection aclumask
+@deffn Command aclumask [@var{users}]+/-@var{bits} ...
+@deffnx Command umask [@var{users}]+/-@var{bits} ...
+(none)@*
+This specifies the access other users have to  windows  that
+will  be  created  by  the caller of the command. @var{Users} may be no,
+one or a comma separated list of known usernames.  If  no  users  are
+specified,  a  list of all currently known users is assumed.
+@var{Bits} is any  combination  of  access  control  bits  allowed
+defined  with the @code{aclchg} command. The special username @samp{?}
+predefines the access that  not  yet  known  users  will  be
+granted  to any window initially.  The special username @samp{??}
+predefines the access that not yet known users  are  granted
+to any command. Rights of the special username nobody cannot
+be changed (see the @code{su} command).
+@code{Umask} is a synonym to @code{aclumask}.
+@end deffn
+
+
+@node Wall, Writelock, Umask, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Wall
+@deffn Command wall @var{message}
+(none)@*
+Write a message to all displays. The message will appear in the terminal's
+status line.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Writelock, Su , Wall, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Writelock
+@deffn Command writelock @var{on|off|auto}
+(none)@*
+In addition to access control lists, not all users may be able to write to
+the same window at once. Per default, writelock is in @samp{auto} mode and
+grants exclusive input permission to the user who is the first to switch
+to the particular window. When he leaves the window, other users may obtain
+the writelock (automatically). The writelock of the current window is disabled
+by the command @code{writelock off}. If the user issues the command
+@code{writelock on} he keeps the exclusive write permission while switching
+to other windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defwritelock @var{on|off|auto}
+(none)@*
+Sets the default writelock behavior for new windows. Initially all windows
+will be created with no writelocks.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Su,  , Writelock, Multiuser Session
+@subsection Su
+@deffn Command su [@var{username} [@var{password} [@var{password2}]]]
+(none)@*
+Substitute the user of a display. The  command  prompts  for
+all parameters that are omitted. If passwords are specified
+as parameters, they have  to  be  specified  un-crypted.  The
+first  password  is matched against the systems passwd database,
+the second password  is  matched  against  the @code{screen}
+password  as  set  with the commands @code{acladd} or @code{password}.
+@code{Su} may be useful for the @code{screen} administrator to test
+multiuser  setups.
+When  the  identification  fails,  the  user has
+access to the commands available for user @samp{nobody}. These are
+@code{detach}, @code{license}, @code{version}, @code{help} and
+@code{displays}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Session Name, Suspend, Multiuser Session, Session Management
+@section Session Name
+@deffn Command sessionname [@var{name}]
+(none)@*
+Rename the current session. Note that for @code{screen -list} the name
+shows up with the process-id prepended. If the argument @var{name} is
+omitted, the name of this session is displayed.@*
+@emph{Caution}: The @code{$STY}
+environment variable will still reflect the old name in pre-existing
+shells. This may result in
+confusion.  Use of this command is generally
+discouraged. Use the @code{-S} command-line option if you want to
+name a new session.The default is constructed from the tty and host names.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Suspend, Quit, Session Name, Session Management
+@section Suspend
+@kindex z
+@kindex C-z
+@deffn Command suspend
+(@kbd{C-a z}, @kbd{C-a C-z})@*
+Suspend @code{screen}.  The windows are in the detached state while
+@code{screen} is suspended.  This feature relies on the parent shell
+being able to do job control.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Quit,  , Suspend, Session Management
+@section Quit
+@kindex \
+@deffn Command quit
+(@kbd{C-a \})@*
+Kill all windows and terminate @code{screen}.
+(@pxref{Key Binding}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Regions, Window Settings, Session Management, Top
+@chapter Regions
+@cindex regions
+Screen has the ability to display more than one window on the
+user's display. This is done by splitting the screen in regions,
+which can contain different windows.
+
+@menu
+* Split::			Split a region into two
+* Focus::			Change to the next region
+* Only::			Delete all other regions
+* Remove::			Delete the current region
+* Resize::			Grow or shrink a region
+* Caption::			Control the window's caption
+* Fit::				Resize a window to fit the region
+* Focusminsize::		Force a minimum size on a current region
+* Layout::			Manage groups of regions
+@end menu
+
+@node Split, Focus,  , Regions
+@section Split
+@kindex S
+@kindex |
+@deffn Command split [-v]
+(@kbd{C-a S}, @kbd{C-a |})@*
+Split the current region into two new ones. All regions on the
+display are resized to make room for the new region. The blank
+window is displayed in the new region. The default is to create
+a horizontal split, putting the new regions on the top and
+bottom of each other. Using @samp{-v} will create a vertical split,
+causing the new regions to appear side by side of each other.
+Use the @code{remove} or the @code{only} command to delete regions.
+Use @code{focus} to toggle between regions.
+
+When a region is split opposite of how it was previously split
+(that is, vertical then horizontal or horizontal then vertical),
+a new layer is created. The layer is used to group together the
+regions that are split the same. Normally, as a user, you should
+not see nor have to worry about layers, but they will affect how
+some commands (@code{focus} and @code{resize}) behave.
+
+With this current implementation of @code{screen}, scrolling data
+will appear much slower in a vertically split region than one
+that is not. This should be taken into consideration if you need
+to use system commands such as @code{cat} or @code{tail -f}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Focus, Only, Split, Regions
+@section Focus
+@kindex TAB
+@deffn Command focus [ @code{next|prev|up|down|left|right|top|bottom} ]
+(@kbd{C-a @key{Tab}})@*
+Move the input focus to the next region. This is done in a cyclic
+way so that the top left region is selected after the bottom right
+one. If no option is given it defaults to @code{next}. The next
+region to be selected is determined by how the regions are layered.
+Normally, the next region in the same layer would be selected.
+However, if that next region contains one or more layers, the first
+region in the highest layer is selected first. If you are at the
+last region of the current layer, @code{next} will move the focus
+to the next region in the lower layer (if there is a lower layer).
+@code{Prev} cycles in the opposite order. @xref{Split} for more
+information about layers.
+
+The rest of the options (@code{up}, @code{down}, @code{left},
+@code{right}, @code{top}, and @code{bottom}) are more indifferent
+to layers. The option @code{up} will move the focus upward to the
+region that is touching the upper left corner of the current region.
+@code{Down} will move downward to the region that is touching the
+lower left corner of the current region. The option @code{left}
+will move the focus leftward to the region that is touching the
+upper left corner of the current region, while @code{right} will
+move rightward to the region that is touching the upper right corner
+of the current region. Moving left from a left most region or moving
+right from a right most region will result in no action.
+
+The option @code{top} will move the focus to the very first region
+in the upper list corner of the screen, and @code{bottom} will move
+to the region in the bottom right corner of the screen. Moving up from
+a top most region or moving down from a bottom most region will result
+in no action.
+
+Useful bindings are (h, j, k, and l as in vi):
+@example
+bind h focus left
+bind j focus down
+bind k focus up
+bind l focus right
+bind t focus top
+bind b focus bottom
+@end example
+
+Note that @samp{k} is traditionally bound to the @code{kill} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Only, Remove, Focus, Regions
+@section Only
+@kindex Q
+@deffn Command only
+(@kbd{C-a Q})@*
+Kill all regions but the current one.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Remove, Resize, Only, Regions
+@section Remove
+@kindex X
+@deffn Command remove
+(@kbd{C-a X})@*
+Kill the current region. This is a no-op if there is only one region.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Resize, Caption, Remove, Regions
+@section Resize
+@deffn Command resize [@code{-h|-v|-b|-l|-p}]  [ [+|-]@var{n}[@code{%}] | @code{=} | @code{max} | @code{min} | @code{_} | @code{0} ]
+(none)@*
+Resize the current region. The space will be removed from or added to
+the surrounding regions depending on the order of the splits.
+The available options for resizing are @samp{-h}(horizontal),
+@samp{-v}(vertical), @samp{-b}(both), @samp{-l}(local to layer),
+and @samp{-p}(perpendicular). Horizontal resizes will add or remove width
+to a region, vertical will add or remove height, and both will add or
+remove size from both dimensions. Local and perpendicular are similar to
+horizontal and vertical, but they take in account of how a region was split.
+If a region's last split was horizontal, a local resize will work like a
+vertical resize. If a region's last split was vertical, a local resize will
+work like a horizontal resize. Perpendicular resizes work in opposite of
+local resizes. If no option is specified, local is the default.
+
+The amount of lines to add or remove can be expressed a couple of different
+ways. By specifying a number @var{n} by itself will resize the region by
+that absolute amount. You can specify a relative amount by prefixing a
+plus @samp{+} or minus @samp{-} to the amount, such as adding @code{+n} lines
+or removing @code{-n} lines. Resizing can also be expressed as an absolute
+or relative percentage by postfixing a percent sign @samp{%}. Using zero
+@samp{0} is a synonym for @code{min} and using an underscore @samp{_} is a
+synonym for @code{max}.
+
+Some examples are:
+@example
+resize +N       increase current region by N
+resize -N       decrease current region by N
+resize N        set current region to N
+resize 20%      set current region to 20% of original size
+resize +20%     increase current region by 20%
+resize -b =     make all windows equally
+resize max      maximize current region
+resize min      minimize current region
+@end example
+
+Without any arguments, @code{screen} will prompt for how you would
+like to resize the current region.
+
+See @code{focusminsize} if you want to restrict the minimum size a region can have.
+
+@end deffn
+
+@node Caption, Fit, Resize, Regions
+@section Caption
+@deffn Command caption @code{always}|@code{splitonly} [string]
+@deffnx Command caption @code{string} [string]
+(none)@*
+This command controls the display of the window captions. Normally
+a caption is only used if more than one window is shown on the
+display (split screen mode). But if the type is set to
+@code{always}, @code{screen} shows a caption
+even if only one window is displayed. The default
+is @samp{splitonly}.
+
+The second form changes the text used for the caption. You can use
+all string escapes (@pxref{String Escapes}). @code{Screen} uses
+a default of @samp{%3n %t}.
+
+You can mix both forms by providing the string as an additional
+argument.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Fit, Focusminsize, Caption, Regions
+@section Fit
+@kindex F
+@deffn Command fit
+(@kbd{C-a F})@*
+Change the window size to the size of the current region. This
+command is needed because screen doesn't adapt the window size
+automatically if the window is displayed more than once.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Focusminsize, Layout, Fit, Regions
+@section Focusminsize
+@deffn Command focusminsize [ (width|@code{max}|@code{_})  (height|@code{max}|@code{_}) ]
+(none)@*
+This forces any currently selected region to be automatically
+resized at least a certain @var{width} and @var{height}. All
+other surrounding regions will be resized in order to accommodate.
+This constraint follows every time the @code{focus} command is
+used. The @code{resize} command can be used to increase either
+dimension of a region, but never below what is set with
+@code{focusminsize}. The underscore @samp{_} is a synonym for
+@code{max}. Setting a @var{width} and @var{height} of @code{0 0}
+(zero zero) will undo any constraints and allow for manual resizing.
+Without any parameters, the minimum width and height is shown.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Layout, , Focusminsize, Regions
+@section Layout
+@cindex layout
+Using regions, and perhaps a large enough terminal, you can give
+@code{screen} more of a desktop feel. By being able to split
+regions horizontally or vertically, you can take advantage of the
+lesser used spaces of your terminal. The catch to these splits has
+been that they're not kept between screen detachments and reattachments.
+
+Layouts will help organize your regions. You can create one
+layout of four horizontal regions and then create a separate layout
+of regions in a two by two array. The regions could contain the same windows,
+but they don't have to. You can easily switch between layouts and keep
+them between detachments and reattachments.
+
+Note that there are several subcommands to @code{layout}.
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{new} [title]
+(none)@*
+Create a new layout. The screen will change to one whole region 
+and be switched to the blank window. From here, you build the 
+regions and the windows they show as you desire. The new layout 
+will be numbered with the smallest available integer, starting 
+with zero. You can optionally give a title to your new layout. 
+Otherwise, it will have a default title of @code{layout}. You 
+can always change the title later by using the command 
+@code{layout title}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{remove} [n|title]
+(none)@*
+Remove, or in other words, delete the specified layout. Either
+the number or the title can be specified. Without either
+specification, @code{screen} will remove the current layout.
+
+Removing a layout does not affect your set windows or regions.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{next}
+(none)@*
+Switch to the next layout available
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{prev}
+(none)@*
+Switch to the previous layout available
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{select} [n|title]
+(none)@*
+Select the desired layout. Either the number or the title can
+be specified. Without either specification, @code{screen} will
+prompt and ask which screen is desired. To see which layouts are
+available, use the @code{layout show} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{show}
+(none)@*
+List on the message line the number(s) and title(s) of the available
+layout(s). The current layout is flagged.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{title} [title]
+(none)@*
+Change or display the title of the current layout. A string given
+will be used to name the layout. Without any options, the current
+title and number is displayed on the message line.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{number} [n]
+(none)@*
+Change or display the number of the current layout. An integer given
+will be used to number the layout. Without any options, the current
+number and title is displayed on the message line.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{attach} [title|@code{:last}]
+(none)@*
+Change or display which layout to reattach back to. The default is
+@code{:last}, which tells @code{screen} to reattach back to the last
+used layout just before detachment. By supplying a title, You can
+instruct @code{screen} to reattach to a particular layout regardless
+which one was used at the time of detachment. Without any options,
+the layout to reattach to will be shown in the message line.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{save} [n|title]
+(none)@*
+Remember the current arrangement of regions. When used, @code{screen}
+will remember the arrangement of vertically and horizontally split
+regions. This arrangement is restored when a @code{screen} session
+is reattached or switched back from a different layout. If the
+session ends or the @code{screen} process dies, the layout
+arrangements are lost. The @code{layout dump} command should help
+in this siutation. If a number
+or title is supplied, @code{screen} will remember the arrangement of
+that particular layout. Without any options, @code{screen} will
+remember the current layout.
+
+Saving your regions can be done automatically by using the
+@code{layout autosave} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{autosave} [@code{on}|@code{off}]
+(none)@*
+Change or display the status of automatically saving layouts. The
+default is @code{on}, meaning when @code{screen} is detached or
+changed to a different layout, the arrangement of regions and windows
+will be remembered at the time of change and restored upon return.
+If autosave is set to @code{off}, that arrangement will only be
+restored to either to the last manual save, using @code{layout save},
+or to when the layout was first created, to a single region with
+a single window. Without either an @code{on} or an @code{off}, the
+current status is displayed on the message line.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command layout @code{dump} [filename]
+(none)@*
+Write to a file the order of splits made in the current layout. This
+is useful to recreate the order of your regions used in your current
+layout. Only the current layout is recorded. While the order of the
+regions are recorded, the sizes of those regions and which windows
+correspond to which regions are not. If no filename is specified,
+the default is @file{layout-dump}, saved in the directory that the
+@code{screen} process was started in. If the file already exists,
+@code{layout dump} will append to that file. As an example:
+@example
+layout dump /home/user/.screenrc
+@end example
+will save or append the layout to the user's @file{.screenrc} file.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Window Settings, Virtual Terminal, Regions, Top
+@chapter Window Settings
+
+These commands control the way @code{screen} treats individual windows
+in a session.  @xref{Virtual Terminal}, for commands to control the
+terminal emulation itself.
+
+@menu
+* Naming Windows::		Control the name of the window
+* Console::			See the host's console messages
+* Kill::                        Destroy an unwanted window
+* Login::                       Control @file{/etc/utmp} logging
+* Mode::                        Control the file mode of the pty
+* Monitor::                     Watch for activity or inactivity in a window
+* Windows::			List the active windows
+* Hardstatus::			Set a window's hardstatus line
+@end menu
+
+@node Naming Windows, Console,  , Window Settings
+@section Naming Windows (Titles)
+@cindex title
+
+You can customize each window's name in the window display (viewed with
+the @code{windows} command (@pxref{Windows}) by setting it with
+one of the title commands.  Normally the name displayed is the actual
+command name of the program created in the window.  However, it is
+sometimes useful to distinguish various programs of the same name or to
+change the name on-the-fly to reflect the current state of the window.
+
+The default name for all shell windows can be set with the
+@code{shelltitle} command (@pxref{Shell}).  You can specify the name you
+want for a window with the @samp{-t} option to the @code{screen} command
+when the window is created (@pxref{Screen Command}).  To change the name after
+the window has been created you can use the title-string escape-sequence
+(@kbd{@key{ESC} k @var{name} @key{ESC} \}) and the @code{title} command
+(C-a A).  The former can be output from an application to control the
+window's name under software control, and the latter will prompt for a
+name when typed.  You can also bind predefined names to keys with the
+@code{title} command to set things quickly without prompting.
+
+@menu
+* Title Command::                 The @code{title} command.
+* Dynamic Titles::                Make shell windows change titles dynamically.
+* Title Prompts::                 Set up your shell prompt for dynamic Titles.
+* Title Screenrc::                Set up Titles in your @file{.screenrc}.
+@end menu
+
+@node Title Command, Dynamic Titles,  , Naming Windows
+@subsection Title Command
+@kindex A
+@deffn Command title [windowtitle]
+(@kbd{C-a A})@*
+Set the name of the current window to @var{windowtitle}. If no name is 
+specified, screen prompts for one.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Dynamic Titles, Title Prompts, Title Command, Naming Windows
+@subsection Dynamic Titles
+@code{screen} has a shell-specific heuristic that is enabled by
+setting the window's name to @var{search|name} and arranging to have a
+null title escape-sequence output as a part of your prompt.  The
+@var{search} portion specifies an end-of-prompt search string, while the
+@var{name} portion specifies the default shell name for the window.  If
+the @var{name} ends in a @samp{:} @code{screen} will add what it
+believes to be the current command running in the window to the end of
+the specified name (e.g. @var{name:cmd}).  Otherwise the current
+command name supersedes the shell name while it is running.
+
+Here's how it works: you must modify your shell prompt to output a null
+title-escape-sequence (@key{ESC} k @key{ESC} \) as a part of your prompt.
+The last part of your prompt must be the same as the string you
+specified for the @var{search} portion of the title.  Once this is set
+up, @code{screen} will use the title-escape-sequence to clear the previous
+command name and get ready for the next command.  Then, when a newline
+is received from the shell, a search is made for the end of the prompt.
+If found, it will grab the first word after the matched string and use
+it as the command name.  If the command name begins with @samp{!},
+@samp{%}, or @samp{^}, @code{screen} will use the first word on the
+following line (if found) in preference to the just-found name.  This
+helps csh users get more accurate titles when using job control or
+history recall commands.
+
+@node Title Prompts, Title Screenrc, Dynamic Titles, Naming Windows
+@subsection Setting up your prompt for shell titles
+One thing to keep in mind when adding a null title-escape-sequence to your
+prompt is that some shells (like the csh) count all the non-control
+characters as part of the prompt's length.  If these invisible
+characters aren't a multiple of 8 then backspacing over a tab will
+result in an incorrect display.  One way to get around this is to use a
+prompt like this:
+
+@example
+set prompt='@value{esc}[0000m@value{esc}k@value{esc}\% '
+@end example
+
+The escape-sequence @samp{@value{esc}[0000m} not only normalizes the
+character attributes, but all the zeros round the length of the
+invisible characters up to 8.
+
+Tcsh handles escape codes in the prompt more intelligently, so you can
+specify your prompt like this:
+
+@example
+set prompt="%@{\ek\e\\%@}\% "
+@end example
+
+Bash users will probably want to echo the escape sequence in the
+PROMPT_COMMAND:
+
+@example
+PROMPT_COMMAND='printf "\033k\033\134"'
+@end example
+
+(I used @samp{\134} to output a @samp{\} because of a bug in v1.04).
+
+@node Title Screenrc,  , Title Prompts, Naming Windows
+@subsection Setting up shell titles in your @file{.screenrc}
+Here are some .screenrc examples:
+
+@example
+screen -t top 2 nice top
+@end example
+
+Adding this line to your .screenrc would start a niced version of the
+@code{top} command in window 2 named @samp{top} rather than @samp{nice}.
+
+@example
+shelltitle '> |csh'
+screen 1
+@end example
+
+This file would start a shell using the given shelltitle.  The title
+specified is an auto-title that would expect the prompt and the typed
+command to look something like the following:
+
+@example
+/usr/joe/src/dir> trn
+@end example
+
+(it looks after the '> ' for the command name).
+The window status would show the name @samp{trn} while the command was
+running, and revert to @samp{csh} upon completion.
+
+@example
+bind R screen -t '% |root:' su
+@end example
+
+Having this command in your .screenrc would bind the key sequence
+@kbd{C-a R} to the @code{su} command and give it an auto-title name of
+@samp{root:}.  For this auto-title to work, the screen could look
+something like this:
+
+@example
+% !em
+emacs file.c
+@end example
+
+Here the user typed the csh history command @code{!em} which ran the
+previously entered @code{emacs} command.  The window status would show
+@samp{root:emacs} during the execution of the command, and revert to
+simply @samp{root:} at its completion.
+
+@example
+bind o title
+bind E title ""
+bind u title (unknown)
+@end example
+
+The first binding doesn't have any arguments, so it would prompt you for
+a title when you type @kbd{C-a o}.  The second binding would clear an
+auto-titles current setting (C-a E).  The third binding would set the
+current window's title to @samp{(unknown)} (C-a u).
+
+@node Console, Kill, Naming Windows, Window Settings
+@section Console
+@deffn Command console [@var{state}]
+(none)@*
+Grabs or un-grabs the machines console output to a window. When the argument
+is omitted the current state is displayed.
+@emph{Note}: Only the owner of @file{/dev/console} can grab the console
+output. This command is only available if the host supports the ioctl
+@code{TIOCCONS}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Kill, Login, Console, Window Settings
+@section Kill
+
+@kindex k
+@kindex C-k
+@deffn Command kill
+(@kbd{C-a k}, @kbd{C-a C-k})@*
+Kill the current window.@*
+If there is an @code{exec} command running (@pxref{Exec}) then it is killed.
+Otherwise the process (e.g. shell) running in the window receives a 
+@code{HANGUP} condition, 
+the window structure is removed and screen (your display) switches to another
+window. When the last window is destroyed, @code{screen} exits.
+After a kill screen switches to the previously displayed window.
+@* 
+@emph{Caution}: @code{emacs} users may find themselves killing their
+@code{emacs} session when trying to delete the current line.  For this
+reason, it is probably wise to use a different command character
+(@pxref{Command Character}) or rebind @code{kill} to another key
+sequence, such as @kbd{C-a K} (@pxref{Key Binding}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Login, Mode, Kill, Window Settings
+@section Login
+
+@deffn Command deflogin state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{login} command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed.  This defaults to `on' unless otherwise specified at
+compile time (@pxref{Installation}). Both commands are only present when
+@code{screen} has been compiled with utmp support.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex L
+@deffn Command login [state]
+(@kbd{C-a L})@*
+Adds or removes the entry in @file{/etc/utmp} for the current window.
+This controls whether or not the window is @dfn{logged in}.  In addition
+to this toggle, it is convenient to have ``log in'' and ``log out''
+keys.  For instance, @code{bind I login on} and @code{bind O 
+login off} will map these keys to be @kbd{C-a I} and @kbd{C-a O}
+(@pxref{Key Binding}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Mode, Monitor, Login, Window Settings
+@section Mode
+@deffn Command defmode mode
+(none)@*
+The mode of each newly allocated pseudo-tty is set to @var{mode}.
+@var{mode} is an octal number as used by chmod(1).  Defaults to 0622 for
+windows which are logged in, 0600 for others (e.g. when @code{-ln} was 
+specified for creation, @pxref{Screen Command}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Monitor, Windows, Mode, Window Settings
+@section Monitoring
+
+@deffn Command activity message
+(none)@*
+When any activity occurs in a background window that is being monitored,
+@code{screen} displays a notification in the message line.  The
+notification message can be redefined by means of the @code{activity}
+command.  Each occurrence of @samp{%} in @var{message} is replaced by
+the number of the window in which activity has occurred, and each
+occurrence of @samp{^G} is replaced by the definition for bell in your
+termcap (usually an audible bell).  The default message is
+
+@example
+'Activity in window %n'
+@end example
+
+Note that monitoring is off for all windows by default, but can be altered
+by use of the @code{monitor} command (@kbd{C-a M}).
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defmonitor state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{monitor} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed.  Initial setting is `off'.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex M
+@deffn Command monitor [state]
+(@kbd{C-a M})@*
+Toggles monitoring of the current window.  When monitoring is turned on
+and the affected window is switched into the background, the activity
+notification message will be displayed in the status line at the first
+sign of output, and the window will also be marked with an @samp{@@} in
+the window-status display (@pxref{Windows}).  Monitoring defaults to
+@samp{off} for all windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex _
+@deffn Command silence [@var{state}|@var{sec}]
+(@kbd{C-a _})@*
+Toggles silence monitoring of windows. When silence is turned on and an 
+affected window is switched into the background, you will receive the
+silence notification message in the status line after a specified period
+of inactivity (silence). The default timeout can be changed with the
+@code{silencewait} command or by specifying a number of seconds instead of
+@code{on} or @code{off}. Silence is initially off for all windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defsilence state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{silence} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed.  Initial setting is `off'.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command silencewait @var{seconds}
+(none)@*
+Define the time that all windows monitored for silence should wait
+before displaying a message. Default is 30 seconds.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Windows, Hardstatus, Monitor, Window Settings
+@section Windows
+@kindex w
+@kindex C-w
+@deffn Command windows [ string ]
+(@kbd{C-a w}, @kbd{C-a C-w})@*
+Uses the message line to display a list of all the windows.  Each
+window is listed by number with the name of the program running in the
+window (or its title). 
+
+The current window is marked with a @samp{*};
+the previous window is marked with a @samp{-}; 
+all the windows that are logged in are marked with a @samp{$} (@pxref{Login});
+a background window that has received a bell is marked with a @samp{!};
+a background window that is being monitored and has had activity occur is 
+marked with an @samp{@@} (@pxref{Monitor});
+a window which has output logging turned on is marked with @samp{(L)};
+windows occupied by other users are marked with @samp{&}
+or @samp{&&} if the window is shared by other users;
+windows in the zombie state are marked with @samp{Z}. 
+
+If this list is too long to fit on the terminal's status line only the
+portion around the current window is displayed.
+
+You can customize the output format to any string you like including
+string escapes (@pxref{String Escapes}).
+In this case, if the string parameter is passed, the maximum output
+size is unlimited (instead of 1024 bytes if no parameter is passed).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Hardstatus, Mousetrack, Windows, Window Settings
+@section Hardstatus
+
+@code{Screen} maintains a hardstatus line for every window. If a window
+gets selected, the display's hardstatus will be updated to match
+the window's hardstatus line.
+The hardstatus line can be changed with the ANSI Application
+Program Command (APC): @samp{ESC_<string>ESC\}. As a convenience
+for xterm users the sequence @samp{ESC]0..2;<string>^G} is
+also accepted.
+
+@deffn Command defhstatus [status]
+(none)@*
+The hardstatus line that all new windows will get is set to
+@var{status}.
+This command is useful to make the hardstatus of every window
+display the window number or title or the like.  @var{status}
+may contain the same directives as in the window messages, but
+the directive escape character is @samp{^E} (octal 005) instead
+of @samp{%}.  This was done to make a misinterpretation of program
+generated hardstatus lines impossible.
+If the parameter @var{status}
+is omitted, the current default string is displayed.
+Per default the hardstatus line of new windows is empty.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command hstatus status
+(none)@*
+Changes the current window's hardstatus line to @var{status}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Mousetrack, , Hardstatus, Window Settings
+@section Mousetrack
+
+@deffn Command mousetrack [ @code{on|off} ]
+(none)@*
+This command determines whether @code{screen} will watch for
+mouse clicks. When this command is enabled, regions that have
+been split in various ways can be selected by pointing to them
+with a mouse and left-clicking them. Without specifying @var{on}
+or @var{off}, the current state is displayed. The default state
+is determined by the @code{defmousetrack} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defmousetrack @code{on|off} 
+(none)@*
+This command determines the default state of the @code{mousetrack}
+command, currently defaulting of @var{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Virtual Terminal, Copy and Paste, Window Settings, Top
+@chapter Virtual Terminal
+
+Each window in a @code{screen} session emulates a VT100 terminal, with
+some extra functions added. The VT100 emulator is hard-coded, no other
+terminal types can be emulated. 
+The commands described here modify the terminal emulation.
+
+@menu
+* Control Sequences::           Details of the internal VT100 emulation.
+* Input Translation::           How keystrokes are remapped.
+* Digraph::			Entering digraph sequences.
+* Bell::                        Getting your attention.
+* Clear::                       Clear the window display.
+* Info::                        Terminal emulation statistics.
+* Redisplay::                   When the display gets confusing.
+* Wrap::                        Automatic margins.
+* Reset::                       Recovering from ill-behaved applications.
+* Window Size::                 Changing the size of your terminal.
+* Character Processing::	Change the effect of special characters.
+@end menu
+
+@node Control Sequences, Input Translation,  , Virtual Terminal
+@section Control Sequences
+@cindex control sequences
+The following is a list of control sequences recognized by
+@code{screen}.  @samp{(V)} and @samp{(A)} indicate VT100-specific and
+ANSI- or ISO-specific functions, respectively.
+
+@example
+ESC E                           Next Line
+ESC D                           Index
+ESC M                           Reverse Index
+ESC H                           Horizontal Tab Set
+ESC Z                           Send VT100 Identification String
+ESC 7                   (V)     Save Cursor and Attributes
+ESC 8                   (V)     Restore Cursor and Attributes
+ESC [s                  (A)     Save Cursor and Attributes
+ESC [u                  (A)     Restore Cursor and Attributes
+ESC c                           Reset to Initial State
+ESC g                           Visual Bell
+ESC Pn p                        Cursor Visibility (97801)
+    Pn = 6                      Invisible
+         7                      Visible
+ESC =                   (V)     Application Keypad Mode
+ESC >                   (V)     Numeric Keypad Mode
+ESC # 8                 (V)     Fill Screen with E's
+ESC \                   (A)     String Terminator
+ESC ^                   (A)     Privacy Message String (Message Line)
+ESC !                           Global Message String (Message Line)
+ESC k                           Title Definition String
+ESC P                   (A)     Device Control String
+                                Outputs a string directly to the host
+                                terminal without interpretation.
+ESC _                   (A)     Application Program Command (Hardstatus)
+ESC ] 0 ; string ^G     (A)     Operating System Command (Hardstatus, xterm
+                                title hack)
+ESC ] 83 ; cmd ^G       (A)     Execute screen command. This only works if
+                                multi-user support is compiled into screen.
+                                The pseudo-user ":window:" is used to check
+                                the access control list. Use "addacl :window:
+                                -rwx #?" to create a user with no rights and
+                                allow only the needed commands.
+Control-N               (A)     Lock Shift G1 (SO)
+Control-O               (A)     Lock Shift G0 (SI)
+ESC n                   (A)     Lock Shift G2
+ESC o                   (A)     Lock Shift G3
+ESC N                   (A)     Single Shift G2
+ESC O                   (A)     Single Shift G3
+ESC ( Pcs               (A)     Designate character set as G0
+ESC ) Pcs               (A)     Designate character set as G1
+ESC * Pcs               (A)     Designate character set as G2
+ESC + Pcs               (A)     Designate character set as G3
+ESC [ Pn ; Pn H                 Direct Cursor Addressing
+ESC [ Pn ; Pn f                 same as above
+ESC [ Pn J                      Erase in Display
+      Pn = None or 0            From Cursor to End of Screen
+           1                    From Beginning of Screen to Cursor
+           2                    Entire Screen
+ESC [ Pn K                      Erase in Line
+      Pn = None or 0            From Cursor to End of Line
+           1                    From Beginning of Line to Cursor
+           2                    Entire Line
+ESC [ Pn X                      Erase character
+ESC [ Pn A                      Cursor Up
+ESC [ Pn B                      Cursor Down
+ESC [ Pn C                      Cursor Right
+ESC [ Pn D                      Cursor Left
+ESC [ Pn E                      Cursor next line
+ESC [ Pn F                      Cursor previous line
+ESC [ Pn G                      Cursor horizontal position
+ESC [ Pn `                      same as above
+ESC [ Pn d                      Cursor vertical position
+ESC [ Ps ;...; Ps m             Select Graphic Rendition
+      Ps = None or 0            Default Rendition
+           1                    Bold
+           2            (A)     Faint
+           3            (A)     @i{Standout} Mode (ANSI: Italicized)
+           4                    Underlined
+           5                    Blinking
+           7                    Negative Image
+           22           (A)     Normal Intensity
+           23           (A)     @i{Standout} Mode off (ANSI: Italicized off)
+           24           (A)     Not Underlined
+           25           (A)     Not Blinking
+           27           (A)     Positive Image
+           30           (A)     Foreground Black
+           31           (A)     Foreground Red
+           32           (A)     Foreground Green
+           33           (A)     Foreground Yellow
+           34           (A)     Foreground Blue
+           35           (A)     Foreground Magenta
+           36           (A)     Foreground Cyan
+           37           (A)     Foreground White
+           39           (A)     Foreground Default
+           40           (A)     Background Black
+           ...                  ...
+           49           (A)     Background Default
+ESC [ Pn g                      Tab Clear
+      Pn = None or 0            Clear Tab at Current Position
+           3                    Clear All Tabs
+ESC [ Pn ; Pn r         (V)     Set Scrolling Region
+ESC [ Pn I              (A)     Horizontal Tab
+ESC [ Pn Z              (A)     Backward Tab
+ESC [ Pn L              (A)     Insert Line
+ESC [ Pn M              (A)     Delete Line
+ESC [ Pn @@              (A)     Insert Character
+ESC [ Pn P              (A)     Delete Character
+ESC [ Pn S                      Scroll Scrolling Region Up
+ESC [ Pn T                      Scroll Scrolling Region Down
+ESC [ Pn ^                      same as above
+ESC [ Ps ;...; Ps h             Set Mode
+ESC [ Ps ;...; Ps l             Reset Mode
+      Ps = 4            (A)     Insert Mode
+           20           (A)     @samp{Automatic Linefeed} Mode.
+           34                   Normal Cursor Visibility
+           ?1           (V)     Application Cursor Keys
+           ?3           (V)     Change Terminal Width to 132 columns
+           ?5           (V)     Reverse Video
+           ?6           (V)     @samp{Origin} Mode
+           ?7           (V)     @samp{Wrap} Mode
+           ?9                   X10 mouse tracking
+           ?25          (V)     Visible Cursor
+           ?47                  Alternate Screen (old xterm code)
+           ?1000        (V)     VT200 mouse tracking
+           ?1047                Alternate Screen (new xterm code)
+           ?1049                Alternate Screen (new xterm code)
+ESC [ 5 i               (A)     Start relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)
+ESC [ 4 i               (A)     Stop relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)
+ESC [ 8 ; Ph ; Pw t             Resize the window to @samp{Ph} lines and
+                                @samp{Pw} columns (SunView special)
+ESC [ c                         Send VT100 Identification String
+ESC [ x                 (V)     Send Terminal Parameter Report
+ESC [ > c                       Send Secondary Device Attributes String
+ESC [ 6 n                       Send Cursor Position Report
+
+@end example
+
+
+@node Input Translation, Digraph, Control Sequences, Virtual Terminal
+@section Input Translation
+@cindex input translation
+In order to do a full VT100 emulation @code{screen} has to detect
+that a sequence of characters in the input stream was generated
+by a keypress on the user's keyboard and insert the VT100
+style escape sequence. @code{Screen} has a very flexible way of doing
+this by making it possible to map arbitrary commands on arbitrary
+sequences of characters. For standard VT100 emulation the command
+will always insert a string in the input buffer of the window
+(see also command @code{stuff}, @pxref{Paste}).
+Because the sequences generated by a keypress can
+change after a reattach from a different terminal type, it is
+possible to bind commands to the termcap name of the keys.
+@code{Screen} will insert the correct binding after each
+reattach. See @ref{Bindkey} for further details on the syntax and examples.
+
+Here is the table of the default key bindings. (A) means that the
+command is executed if the keyboard is switched into application
+mode.
+@example
+
+Key name        Termcap name    Command
+-----------------------------------------------------
+Cursor up            ku         stuff \033[A
+                                stuff \033OA      (A)
+Cursor down          kd         stuff \033[B
+                                stuff \033OB      (A)
+Cursor right         kr         stuff \033[C
+                                stuff \033OC      (A)
+Cursor left          kl         stuff \033[D
+                                stuff \033OD      (A)
+Function key 0       k0         stuff \033[10~
+Function key 1       k1         stuff \033OP
+Function key 2       k2         stuff \033OQ
+Function key 3       k3         stuff \033OR
+Function key 4       k4         stuff \033OS
+Function key 5       k5         stuff \033[15~
+Function key 6       k6         stuff \033[17~
+Function key 7       k7         stuff \033[18~
+Function key 8       k8         stuff \033[19~
+Function key 9       k9         stuff \033[20~
+Function key 10      k;         stuff \033[21~
+Function key 11      F1         stuff \033[23~
+Function key 12      F2         stuff \033[24~
+Home                 kh         stuff \033[1~
+End                  kH         stuff \033[4~
+Insert               kI         stuff \033[2~
+Delete               kD         stuff \033[3~
+Page up              kP         stuff \033[5~
+Page down            kN         stuff \033[6~
+Keypad 0             f0         stuff 0
+                                stuff \033Op      (A)
+Keypad 1             f1         stuff 1
+                                stuff \033Oq      (A)
+Keypad 2             f2         stuff 2
+                                stuff \033Or      (A)
+Keypad 3             f3         stuff 3
+                                stuff \033Os      (A)
+Keypad 4             f4         stuff 4
+                                stuff \033Ot      (A)
+Keypad 5             f5         stuff 5
+                                stuff \033Ou      (A)
+Keypad 6             f6         stuff 6
+                                stuff \033Ov      (A)
+Keypad 7             f7         stuff 7
+                                stuff \033Ow      (A)
+Keypad 8             f8         stuff 8
+                                stuff \033Ox      (A)
+Keypad 9             f9         stuff 9
+                                stuff \033Oy      (A)
+Keypad +             f+         stuff +
+                                stuff \033Ok      (A)
+Keypad -             f-         stuff -
+                                stuff \033Om      (A)
+Keypad *             f*         stuff *
+                                stuff \033Oj      (A)
+Keypad /             f/         stuff /
+                                stuff \033Oo      (A)
+Keypad =             fq         stuff =
+                                stuff \033OX      (A)
+Keypad .             f.         stuff .
+                                stuff \033On      (A)
+Keypad ,             f,         stuff ,
+                                stuff \033Ol      (A)
+Keypad enter         fe         stuff \015
+                                stuff \033OM      (A)
+@end example
+
+@node Digraph, Bell, Input Translation, Virtual Terminal
+@section Digraph
+
+@kindex C-v
+@deffn Command digraph [preset [unicode-value]] 
+(@kbd{C-a C-v})@*
+This command prompts the user for a digraph sequence. The next
+two characters typed are looked up in a builtin table and the
+resulting character is inserted in the input stream. For example,
+if the user enters @samp{a"}, an a-umlaut will be inserted. If the
+first character entered is a 0 (zero), @code{screen}
+will treat the following characters (up to three) as an octal
+number instead.  The optional argument @var{preset}
+is treated as user input, thus one can create an "umlaut" key.
+For example the command @samp{bindkey ^K digraph '"'} enables the user
+to generate an a-umlaut by typing @samp{CTRL-K a}. When a non-zero
+@var{unicode-value} is specified, a new  digraph  is  created with the
+specified preset. The digraph is unset if a zero value is provided
+for the @var{unicode-value}.
+
+The following table is the builtin sequences.
+
+@example
+     Sequence   Octal   Digraph   Unicode Equivalent
+     -----------------------------------------------
+     ' ', ' '    160    (space)         U+00A0
+     'N', 'S'    160    (space)         U+00A0
+     '~', '!'    161       ¡            U+00A1
+     '!', '!'    161       ¡            U+00A1
+     '!', 'I'    161       ¡            U+00A1
+     'c', '|'    162       ¢            U+00A2
+     'c', 't'    162       ¢            U+00A2
+     '$', '$'    163       £            U+00A3
+     'P', 'd'    163       £            U+00A3
+     'o', 'x'    164       ¤            U+00A4
+     'C', 'u'    164       ¤            U+00A4
+     'C', 'u'    164       ¤            U+00A4
+     'E', 'u'    164       ¤            U+00A4
+     'Y', '-'    165       ¥            U+00A5
+     'Y', 'e'    165       ¥            U+00A5
+     '|', '|'    166       ¦            U+00A6
+     'B', 'B'    166       ¦            U+00A6
+     'p', 'a'    167       §            U+00A7
+     'S', 'E'    167       §            U+00A7
+     '"', '"'    168       ¨            U+00A8
+     ''', ':'    168       ¨            U+00A8
+     'c', 'O'    169       ©            U+00A9
+     'C', 'o'    169       ©            U+00A9
+     'a', '-'    170       ª            U+00AA
+     '<', '<'    171       «            U+00AB
+     '-', ','    172       ¬            U+00AC
+     'N', 'O'    172       ¬            U+00AC
+     '-', '-'    173       ­            U+00AD
+     'r', 'O'    174       ®            U+00AE
+     'R', 'g'    174       ®            U+00AE
+     '-', '='    175       ¯            U+00AF
+     ''', 'm'    175       ¯            U+00AF
+     '~', 'o'    176       °            U+00B0
+     'D', 'G'    176       °            U+00B0
+     '+', '-'    177       ±            U+00B1
+     '2', '2'    178       ²            U+00B2
+     '2', 'S'    178       ²            U+00B2
+     '3', '3'    179       ³            U+00B3
+     '3', 'S'    179       ³            U+00B3
+     ''', '''    180       ´            U+00B4
+     'j', 'u'    181       µ            U+00B5
+     'M', 'y'    181       µ            U+00B5
+     'p', 'p'    182       ¶            U+00B6
+     'P', 'I'    182       ¶            U+00B6
+     '~', '.'    183       ·            U+00B7
+     '.', 'M'    183       ·            U+00B7
+     ',', ','    184       ¸            U+00B8
+     ''', ','    184       ¸            U+00B8
+     '1', '1'    185       ¹            U+00B9
+     '1', 'S'    185       ¹            U+00B9
+     'o', '-'    186       º            U+00BA
+     '>', '>'    187       »            U+00BB
+     '1', '4'    188       ¼            U+00BC
+     '1', '2'    189       ½            U+00BD
+     '3', '4'    190       ¾            U+00BE
+     '~', '?'    191       ¿            U+00BF
+     '?', '?'    191       ¿            U+00BF
+     '?', 'I'    191       ¿            U+00BF
+     'A', '`'    192       À            U+00C0
+     'A', '!'    192       À            U+00C0
+     'A', '''    193       Á            U+00C1
+     'A', '^'    194       Â            U+00C2
+     'A', '>'    194       Â            U+00C2
+     'A', '~'    195       Ã            U+00C3
+     'A', '?'    195       Ã            U+00C3
+     'A', '"'    196       Ä            U+00C4
+     'A', ':'    196       Ä            U+00C4
+     'A', '@@'    197       Å            U+00C5
+     'A', 'A'    197       Å            U+00C5
+     'A', 'E'    198       Æ            U+00C6
+     'C', ','    199       Ç            U+00C7
+     'E', '`'    200       È            U+00C8
+     'E', '!'    200       È            U+00C8
+     'E', '''    201       É            U+00C9
+     'E', '^'    202       Ê            U+00CA
+     'E', '>'    202       Ê            U+00CA
+     'E', '"'    203       Ë            U+00CB
+     'E', ':'    203       Ë            U+00CB
+     'I', '`'    204       Ì            U+00CC
+     'I', '!'    204       Ì            U+00CC
+     'I', '''    205       Í            U+00CD
+     'I', '^'    206       Î            U+00CE
+     'I', '>'    206       Î            U+00CE
+     'I', '"'    207       Ï            U+00CF
+     'I', ':'    207       Ï            U+00CF
+     'D', '-'    208       Ð            U+00D0
+     'N', '~'    209       Ñ            U+00D1
+     'N', '?'    209       Ñ            U+00D1
+     'O', '`'    210       Ò            U+00D2
+     'O', '!'    210       Ò            U+00D2
+     'O', '''    211       Ó            U+00D3
+     'O', '^'    212       Ô            U+00D4
+     'O', '>'    212       Ô            U+00D4
+     'O', '~'    213       Õ            U+00D5
+     'O', '?'    213       Õ            U+00D5
+     'O', '"'    214       Ö            U+00D6
+     'O', ':'    214       Ö            U+00D6
+     '/', '\'    215       ×            U+00D7
+     '*', 'x'    215       ×            U+00D7
+     'O', '/'    216       Ø            U+00D8
+     'U', '`'    217       Ù            U+00D9
+     'U', '!'    217       Ù            U+00D9
+     'U', '''    218       Ú            U+00DA
+     'U', '^'    219       Û            U+00DB
+     'U', '>'    219       Û            U+00DB
+     'U', '"'    220       Ü            U+00DC
+     'U', ':'    220       Ü            U+00DC
+     'Y', '''    221       Ý            U+00DD
+     'I', 'p'    222       Þ            U+00DE
+     'T', 'H'    222       Þ            U+00DE
+     's', 's'    223       ß            U+00DF
+     's', '"'    223       ß            U+00DF
+     'a', '`'    224       à            U+00E0
+     'a', '!'    224       à            U+00E0
+     'a', '''    225       á            U+00E1
+     'a', '^'    226       â            U+00E2
+     'a', '>'    226       â            U+00E2
+     'a', '~'    227       ã            U+00E3
+     'a', '?'    227       ã            U+00E3
+     'a', '"'    228       ä            U+00E4
+     'a', ':'    228       ä            U+00E4
+     'a', 'a'    229       å            U+00E5
+     'a', 'e'    230       æ            U+00E6
+     'c', ','    231       ç            U+00E7
+     'e', '`'    232       è            U+00E8
+     'e', '!'    232       è            U+00E8
+     'e', '''    233       é            U+00E9
+     'e', '^'    234       ê            U+00EA
+     'e', '>'    234       ê            U+00EA
+     'e', '"'    235       ë            U+00EB
+     'e', ':'    235       ë            U+00EB
+     'i', '`'    236       ì            U+00EC
+     'i', '!'    236       ì            U+00EC
+     'i', '''    237       í            U+00ED
+     'i', '^'    238       î            U+00EE
+     'i', '>'    238       î            U+00EE
+     'i', '"'    239       ï            U+00EF
+     'i', ':'    239       ï            U+00EF
+     'd', '-'    240       ð            U+00F0
+     'n', '~'    241       ñ            U+00F1
+     'n', '?'    241       ñ            U+00F1
+     'o', '`'    242       ò            U+00F2
+     'o', '!'    242       ò            U+00F2
+     'o', '''    243       ó            U+00F3
+     'o', '^'    244       ô            U+00F4
+     'o', '>'    244       ô            U+00F4
+     'o', '~'    245       õ            U+00F5
+     'o', '?'    245       õ            U+00F5
+     'o', '"'    246       ö            U+00F6
+     'o', ':'    246       ö            U+00F6
+     ':', '-'    247       ÷            U+00F7
+     'o', '/'    248       ø            U+00F8
+     'u', '`'    249       ù            U+00F9
+     'u', '!'    249       ù            U+00F9
+     'u', '''    250       ú            U+00FA
+     'u', '^'    251       û            U+00FB
+     'u', '>'    251       û            U+00FB
+     'u', '"'    252       ü            U+00FC
+     'u', ':'    252       ü            U+00FC
+     'y', '''    253       ý            U+00FD
+     'i', 'p'    254       þ            U+00FE
+     't', 'h'    254       þ            U+00FE
+     'y', '"'    255       ÿ            U+00FF
+     'y', ':'    255       ÿ            U+00FF
+     '"', '['    196       Ä            U+00C4
+     '"', '\'    214       Ö            U+00D6
+     '"', ']'    220       Ü            U+00DC
+     '"', '@{'    228       ä            U+00E4
+     '"', '|'    246       ö            U+00F6
+     '"', '@}'    252       ü            U+00FC
+     '"', '~'    223       ß            U+00DF
+@end example 
+
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bell, Clear, Digraph, Virtual Terminal
+@section Bell
+
+@deffn Command bell_msg [message]
+(none)@*
+When a bell character is sent to a background window, @code{screen}
+displays a notification in the message line.  The notification message
+can be re-defined by this command.  Each occurrence
+of @samp{%} in @var{message} is replaced by the number of the window to
+which a bell has been sent, and each occurrence of @samp{^G} is replaced
+by the definition for bell in your termcap (usually an audible bell).
+The default message is
+
+@example
+'Bell in window %n'
+@end example
+
+An empty message can be supplied to the @code{bell_msg} command to suppress
+output of a message line (@code{bell_msg ""}).
+Without a parameter, the current message is shown.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex C-g
+@deffn Command vbell [state]
+(@kbd{C-a C-g})@*
+Sets or toggles the visual bell setting for the current window. If 
+@code{vbell} is switched to @samp{on}, but your
+terminal does not support a visual bell, the visual bell message is
+displayed in the status line when the bell character is received. 
+Visual bell support of a terminal is 
+defined by the termcap variable @code{vb}. @xref{Bell},
+for more information on visual bells.
+The equivalent terminfo capability is @code{flash}.
+
+Per  default, @code{vbell} is @samp{off}, thus the audible bell is used.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command vbell_msg [message]
+(none)@*
+Sets the visual bell message. @var{Message} is printed to the status
+line if the window receives a bell character (^G), @code{vbell} is
+set to @samp{on} and the terminal does not support a visual bell.
+The default message is @samp{Wuff, Wuff!!}.
+Without a parameter, the current message is shown.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command vbellwait sec
+(none)@*
+Define a delay in seconds after each display of @code{screen} 's visual
+bell message. The default is 1 second.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Clear, Info, Bell, Virtual Terminal
+@section Clear
+@kindex C
+@deffn Command clear
+(@kbd{C-a C})@*
+Clears the screen and saves its contents to the scrollback buffer.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Info, Redisplay, Clear, Virtual Terminal
+@section Info
+@kindex i
+@kindex C-i
+@deffn Command info
+(@kbd{C-a i}, @kbd{C-a C-i})@*
+Uses the message line to display some information about the current
+window: the cursor position in the form @samp{(@var{column},@var{row})}
+starting with @samp{(1,1)}, the terminal width and height plus the size
+of the scrollback buffer in lines, like in @samp{(80,24)+50}, 
+the current state of window XON/XOFF flow control is shown like this
+(@pxref{Flow Control}):
+@example
+  +flow     automatic flow control, currently on.
+  -flow     automatic flow control, currently off.
+  +(+)flow  flow control enabled. Agrees with automatic control.
+  -(+)flow  flow control disabled. Disagrees with automatic control.
+  +(-)flow  flow control enabled. Disagrees with automatic control.
+  -(-)flow  flow control disabled. Agrees with automatic control.
+@end example
+
+The current line wrap setting (@samp{+wrap} indicates enabled, @samp{-wrap}
+not) is also shown. The flags @samp{ins}, @samp{org}, @samp{app}, @samp{log},
+@samp{mon} and @samp{nored} are displayed when the window is in insert mode,
+origin mode, application-keypad mode, has output logging,
+activity monitoring or partial redraw enabled.
+
+The currently active 
+character set (@samp{G0}, @samp{G1}, @samp{G2}, or @samp{G3}), and in
+square brackets the terminal character sets that are currently
+designated as @samp{G0} through @samp{G3}.  
+If the window is in UTF-8 mode, the string @samp{UTF-8} is shown instead.
+Additional modes depending on the type of the window are displayed at
+the end of the status line (@pxref{Window Types}).
+
+If the state machine of the terminal emulator is in a non-default state,
+the info line is started with a string identifying the current state.
+
+For system information use @code{time}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command dinfo
+(none)@*
+Show what @code{screen} thinks about your terminal. Useful if you want to know
+why features like color or the alternate charset don't work.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Redisplay, Wrap, Info, Virtual Terminal
+@section Redisplay
+
+@deffn Command allpartial state
+(none)@*
+If set to on, only the current cursor line is refreshed on window change.
+This affects all windows and is useful for slow terminal lines. The 
+previous setting of full/partial refresh for each window is restored
+with @code{allpartial off}. This is a global flag that immediately takes effect
+on all windows overriding the @code{partial} settings. It does not change the 
+default redraw behavior of newly created windows. 
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command altscreen state
+(none)@*
+If set to on, "alternate screen" support is enabled in virtual terminals,
+just like in xterm.  Initial setting is @samp{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command partial state
+(none)@*
+Defines whether the display should be refreshed (as with
+@code{redisplay}) after switching to the current window. This command
+only affects the current window.  To immediately affect all windows use the
+@code{allpartial} command.  Default is @samp{off}, of course.  This default is 
+fixed, as there is currently no @code{defpartial} command. 
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex l
+@kindex C-l
+@deffn Command redisplay
+(@kbd{C-a l}, @kbd{C-a C-l})@*
+Redisplay the current window.  Needed to get a full redisplay in
+partial redraw mode.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Wrap, Reset, Redisplay, Virtual Terminal
+@section Wrap
+
+@kindex r
+@kindex C-r
+@deffn Command wrap [ on | off ]
+(@kbd{C-a r}, @kbd{C-a C-r}) @*
+Sets the line-wrap setting for the current window.  When line-wrap is
+on, the second consecutive printable character output at the last column
+of a line will wrap to the start of the following line.  As an added
+feature, backspace (^H) will also wrap through the left margin to the
+previous line.  Default is @samp{on}. Without any options, the state of
+@code{wrap} is toggled.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defwrap state
+(none) @*
+Same as the @code{wrap} command except that the default setting for new 
+windows is changed. Initially line-wrap is on and can be toggled with the 
+@code{wrap} command (@kbd{C-a r}) or by means of "C-a : wrap on|off".
+@end deffn
+
+@node Reset, Window Size, Wrap, Virtual Terminal
+@section Reset
+@kindex Z
+@deffn Command reset
+(@kbd{C-a Z})@*
+Reset the virtual terminal to its ``power-on'' values. Useful when strange
+settings (like scroll regions or graphics character set) are left over from
+an application.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Window Size, Character Processing, Reset, Virtual Terminal
+@section Window Size
+@kindex W
+@deffn Command width [@code{-w}|@code{-d}] [cols [lines]]
+(@kbd{C-a W})@*
+Toggle the window width between 80 and 132 columns, or set it to
+@var{cols} columns if an argument is specified.  This requires a
+capable terminal and the termcap entries @samp{Z0} and @samp{Z1}.  See
+the @code{termcap} command (@pxref{Termcap}), for more information.
+You can also specify a height if you want to
+change  both  values.  The @code{-w} option tells screen to leave
+the display size unchanged and just set the  window  size,
+@code{-d} vice versa.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command height [@code{-w}|@code{-d}] [lines [cols]]
+(none)@*
+Set the display height to a specified number of lines. When no
+argument is given it toggles between 24 and 42 lines display.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Character Processing, ,Window Size, Virtual Terminal
+@section Character Processing
+
+@deffn Command c1 [state]
+(none)@*
+Change c1 code processing. @samp{c1 on} tells screen to treat
+the input characters between 128 and 159 as control functions.
+Such an 8-bit code is normally the same as ESC followed by the 
+corresponding 7-bit code. The default setting is to process c1 
+codes and can be changed with the @samp{defc1} command.
+Users with fonts that have usable characters in the 
+c1 positions may want to turn this off.
+
+@end deffn
+@deffn Command gr [state]
+(none)@*
+Turn GR charset switching on/off. Whenever screen sees an input
+char with an 8th bit set, it will use the charset stored in the
+GR slot and print the character with the 8th bit stripped. The
+default (see also @samp{defgr}) is not to process GR switching because
+otherwise the ISO88591 charset would not work.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command bce [state]
+(none)@*
+Change background-color-erase setting. If @samp{bce} is set to
+on, all characters cleared by an erase/insert/scroll/clear
+operation will be displayed in the current background color.
+Otherwise the default background color is used.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command encoding enc [denc]
+(none)@*
+Tell screen how to interpret the input/output. The first argument
+sets the encoding of the current window.
+Each window can emulate a different encoding. The optional second
+parameter overwrites the encoding of the connected terminal.
+It should never be needed as screen uses the locale setting to detect
+the encoding.
+There is also a way to select a terminal encoding depending on
+the terminal type by using the @samp{KJ} termcap entry. @xref{Special Capabilities}.
+
+Supported encodings are
+@code{eucJP}, @code{SJIS}, @code{eucKR},
+@code{eucCN}, @code{Big5}, @code{GBK}, @code{KOI8-R}, @code{CP1251},
+@code{UTF-8}, @code{ISO8859-2}, @code{ISO8859-3},
+@code{ISO8859-4}, @code{ISO8859-5}, @code{ISO8859-6},
+@code{ISO8859-7}, @code{ISO8859-8}, @code{ISO8859-9},
+@code{ISO8859-10}, @code{ISO8859-15}, @code{jis}.
+
+See also @samp{defencoding}, which changes the default setting of a new
+window.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command charset set
+(none)@*
+Change the current character set slot designation and charset
+mapping.  The first four character of @var{set}
+are treated as charset designators while the fifth and sixth
+character must be in range @samp{0} to @samp{3} and set the GL/GR
+charset mapping. On every position a @samp{.} may be used to indicate
+that the corresponding charset/mapping should not be changed
+(@var{set} is padded to six characters internally by appending
+@samp{.} chars). New windows have @samp{BBBB02} as default
+charset, unless a @samp{encoding} command is active.
+
+The current setting can be viewed with the @ref{Info} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command utf8 [state [dstate]]
+(none)@*
+Change the encoding used in the current window. If utf8 is enabled, the
+strings sent to the window will be UTF-8 encoded and vice versa.
+Omitting the
+parameter toggles the setting. If a second parameter is given, the
+display's
+encoding is also changed (this should rather be done with screen's
+@samp{-U} option).
+See also @samp{defutf8}, which changes the default setting of a new
+window.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defc1 state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @samp{c1} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Initial setting is @samp{on}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defgr state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @samp{gr} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Initial setting is @samp{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defbce state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @samp{bce} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Initial setting is @samp{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defencoding enc
+(none)@*
+Same as the @samp{encoding} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Initial setting is the encoding taken from the
+terminal.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defcharset [set]
+(none)@*
+Like the @samp{charset} command except that the default setting for
+new windows is changed. Shows current default if called without
+argument.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defutf8 state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @samp{utf8} command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is @code{on} if screen was started
+with @samp{-U}, otherwise @code{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command cjkwidth [state]
+(none)@*
+Toggle how ambiguous characters are treated. If cjkwidth is on screen
+interprets them as double (full) width characters. If off then they are seen
+as one cell (half) width characters.
+@end deffn
+
+
+@node Copy and Paste, Subprocess Execution, Virtual Terminal, Top
+@chapter Copy and Paste
+@cindex copy and paste
+
+For those confined to a hardware terminal, these commands provide a cut
+and paste facility more powerful than those provided by most windowing
+systems.
+
+@menu
+* Copy::                        Copy from scrollback to buffer
+* Paste::                       Paste from buffer into window
+* Registers::                   Longer-term storage
+* Screen Exchange::             Sharing data between screen users
+* History::                     Recalling previous input
+@end menu
+
+@node Copy, Paste,  , Copy and Paste
+@section Copying
+@cindex marking
+@cindex scrollback
+@kindex [
+@kindex C-[
+@kindex ESC
+@deffn Command copy
+(@kbd{C-a [}, @kbd{C-a C-[}, @kbd{C-a @key{ESC}})@*
+Enter copy/scrollback mode. This allows you to copy text from the
+current window and its history into the paste buffer. In this mode a
+@code{vi}-like full screen editor is active, with controls as
+outlined below.
+@end deffn
+
+@menu
+* Line Termination::            End copied lines with CR/LF
+* Scrollback::                  Set the size of the scrollback buffer
+* Copy Mode Keys::              Remap keys in copy mode
+* Movement::                    Move around in the scrollback buffer
+* Marking::                     Select the text you want
+* Repeat count::                Repeat a command
+* Searching::                   Find the text you want
+* Specials::                    Other random keys
+@end menu
+
+@node Line Termination, Scrollback,  , Copy
+@subsection CR/LF
+@deffn Command crlf [state]
+(none)@*
+This affects the copying of text regions with the @code{copy} command.
+If it is set to @samp{on}, lines will be separated by the two character
+sequence @samp{CR}/@samp{LF}.  Otherwise only @samp{LF} is used.
+@code{crlf} is off by default.
+When no parameter is given, the state is toggled.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Scrollback, Copy Mode Keys, Line Termination, Copy
+@subsection Scrollback
+To access and use the contents in the scrollback buffer, use the @code{copy} command. @xref{Copy}.
+@deffn Command defscrollback num
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{scrollback} command except that the default setting
+for new windows is changed.  Defaults to 100.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command scrollback num
+(none)@*
+Set the size of the scrollback buffer for the current window to
+@var{num} lines.  The default scrollback is 100 lines.  Use @code{info}
+to view the current setting.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command compacthist [state]
+(none)@*
+This tells screen whether to suppress trailing blank lines when
+scrolling up text into the history buffer. Turn compacting @samp{on}
+to hold more useful lines in your scrollback buffer.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Copy Mode Keys, Movement, Scrollback, Copy
+@subsection Markkeys
+@deffn Command markkeys string
+(none)@*
+This is a method of changing the keymap used for copy/history mode.  The
+string is made up of @var{oldchar}=@var{newchar} pairs which are
+separated by @samp{:}. Example: The command @code{markkeys
+h=^B:l=^F:$=^E} would set some keys to be more familiar to @code{emacs}
+users.
+If your terminal sends characters, that cause you to abort copy mode,
+then this command may help by binding these characters to do nothing.
+The no-op character is `@@' and is used like this: @code{markkeys @@=L=H}
+if you do not want to use the `H' or `L' commands any longer. 
+As shown in this example, multiple keys can be assigned to one function
+in a single statement.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Movement, Marking, Copy Mode Keys, Copy
+@subsection Movement Keys
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{h}, @kbd{C-h}, or @kbd{left arrow} move the cursor left.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{j}, @kbd{C-n}, or @kbd{down arrow} move the cursor down.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{k}, @kbd{C-p}, or @kbd{up arrow} move the cursor up.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{l} ('el'), or @kbd{right arrow} move the cursor right.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{0} (zero) or @kbd{C-a} move to the leftmost column.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{+} and @kbd{-} move the cursor to the leftmost column of the next
+or previous line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{H}, @kbd{M} and @kbd{L} move the cursor to the leftmost column
+of the top, center or bottom line of the window. 
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{|} moves to the specified absolute column.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{g} or @kbd{home} moves to the beginning of the buffer.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{G} or @kbd{end} moves to the specified absolute line (default: end of buffer).
+ 
+@noindent
+@kbd{%} jumps to the specified percentage of the buffer.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{^} or @kbd{$} move to the first
+or last non-whitespace character on the line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{w}, @kbd{b}, and @kbd{e} move the cursor word by word.
+ 
+@noindent
+@kbd{B}, @kbd{E} move the cursor WORD by WORD (as in vi).
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{f}/@kbd{F}, @kbd{t}/@kbd{T} move the cursor forward/backward to the 
+next occurrence of the target. (eg, '3fy' will move the cursor to the 3rd
+'y' to the right.)
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{;} and @kbd{,} Repeat the last f/F/t/T command in the same/opposite direction.
+
+@noindent 
+@kbd{C-e} and @kbd{C-y} scroll the display up/down by one line
+while preserving the cursor position.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-u} and @kbd{C-d} scroll the display up/down by the specified
+amount of lines while preserving the cursor position. (Default: half
+screenful).
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-b} and @kbd{C-f} move the cursor up/down a full screen.
+
+Note that Emacs-style movement keys can be specified by a .screenrc
+command. (@code{markkeys "h=^B:l=^F:$=^E"}) There is no simple method for
+a full emacs-style keymap, however, as this involves multi-character codes.
+
+@node Marking, Repeat count, Movement, Copy
+@subsection Marking
+
+The copy range is specified by setting two marks. The text between these
+marks will be highlighted. Press:
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{space} or @kbd{enter} to set the first or second mark respectively.
+If @code{mousetrack} is set to @code{on}, marks can also be set using
+@kbd{left mouse click}.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{Y} and @kbd{y} can be used to mark one whole line or to mark from 
+start of line.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{W} marks exactly one word. 
+ 
+@node Repeat count, Searching, Marking, Copy
+@subsection Repeat Count
+
+Any command in copy mode can be prefixed with a number (by pressing
+digits @kbd{0@dots{}9}) which is taken as a repeat count. Example:
+@example
+@kbd{C-a C-[ H 10 j 5 Y}
+@end example
+@noindent
+will copy lines 11 to 15 into the paste buffer.
+
+@node Searching, Specials, Repeat count, Copy
+@subsection Searching
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{/} @code{vi}-like search forward.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{?} @code{vi}-like search backward.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-a s} @code{emacs} style incremental search forward.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-r} @code{emacs} style reverse i-search.
+
+@deffn Command ignorecase [on|off]
+(none)@*
+Tell screen to ignore the case of characters in searches. Default is
+@code{off}. Without any options, the state of @code{ignorecase}
+is toggled.
+@end deffn
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{n} Repeat search in forward direction.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{N} Repeat search in backward direction.
+
+@node Specials,  , Searching, Copy
+@subsection Specials
+
+There are, however, some keys that act differently here from in
+@code{vi}.  @code{Vi} does not allow to yank rectangular blocks of text,
+but @code{screen} does. Press:
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{c} or @kbd{C} to set the left or right margin respectively. If no
+repeat count is given, both default to the current cursor position.@*
+Example: Try this on a rather full text screen: 
+@example
+@kbd{C-a [ M 20 l SPACE c 10 l 5 j C SPACE}.
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+This moves one to the middle line of the screen, moves in 20 columns left,
+marks the beginning of the paste buffer, sets the left column, moves 5 columns
+down, sets the right column, and then marks the end of
+the paste buffer. Now try:
+@example
+@kbd{C-a [ M 20 l SPACE 10 l 5 j SPACE}
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+and notice the difference in the amount of text copied.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{J} joins lines. It toggles between 4 modes: lines separated by a
+newline character (012), lines glued seamless, lines separated by a single
+space or comma separated lines. Note that you can prepend the newline
+character with a carriage return character, by issuing a @code{set crlf
+on}.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{v} or @kbd{V} is for all the @code{vi} users who use @code{:set numbers} - it
+toggles the left margin between column 9 and 1.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{a} before the final @kbd{space} key turns on append mode. Thus
+the contents of the paste buffer will not be overwritten, but appended to.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{A} turns on append mode and sets a (second) mark.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{>} sets the (second) mark and writes the contents of the paste buffer
+to the screen-exchange file (@file{/tmp/screen-exchange} per default)
+once copy-mode is finished.  @xref{Screen Exchange}.@*
+This example demonstrates how to dump the
+whole scrollback buffer to that file: 
+@example
+@kbd{C-a [ g SPACE G $ >}.
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-g} gives information about the current line and column.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{x} or @kbd{o} ('oh') exchanges the first mark and the current cursor position. You
+can use this to adjust an already placed mark.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{C-l} ('el') will redraw the screen.
+
+@noindent
+@kbd{@@} does nothing.  Absolutely nothing.  Does not even exit copy
+mode.
+
+@noindent
+All keys not described here exit copy mode.
+
+@node Paste, Registers, Copy, Copy and Paste
+@section Paste
+
+@kindex ]
+@kindex C-]
+@deffn Command paste [registers [destination]]
+(@kbd{C-a ]}, @kbd{C-a C-]})@*
+Write the (concatenated) contents of the specified registers to the stdin 
+stream of the current window.  The register @samp{.} is treated as the
+paste buffer. If no parameter is specified the user is prompted to enter a 
+single register. The paste buffer can be filled with the 
+@code{copy}, @code{history} and @code{readbuf} commands.
+Other registers can be filled with the @code{register}, @code{readreg} and
+@code{paste} commands.
+If @code{paste} is called with a second argument, the contents of the specified
+registers is pasted into the named destination register rather than
+the window. If @samp{.} is used as the second argument, the display's paste 
+buffer is the destination.
+Note, that @code{paste} uses a wide variety of resources: Usually both, a 
+current window and a current display are required. But whenever a second
+argument is specified no current window is needed. When the source specification
+only contains registers (not the paste buffer) then there need not be a current
+display (terminal attached), as the registers are a global resource. The
+paste buffer exists once for every user.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command stuff [string]
+(none)@*
+Stuff the string @var{string} in the input buffer of the current window.
+This is like the @code{paste} command, but with much less overhead.
+Without a parameter, @code{screen} will prompt for a string to stuff.
+You cannot paste large buffers with the @code{stuff} command. It is most
+useful for key bindings. @xref{Bindkey}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command pastefont [state]
+Tell screen to include font information in the paste buffer. The
+default is not to do so. This command is especially useful for
+multi character fonts like kanji.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command slowpaste msec
+@deffnx Command defslowpaste msec
+(none)@*
+Define the speed text is inserted in the current window by the @code{paste} 
+command. If the slowpaste value is nonzero text is written character by 
+character.
+@code{screen} will pause for @var{msec} milliseconds after each write
+to allow the application to process the input. only use @code{slowpaste} if 
+your underlying system exposes flow control problems while pasting large 
+amounts of text. 
+@code{defslowpaste} specifies the default for new windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command readreg [-e encoding] [register [filename]]
+(none)@*
+Does one of two things, dependent on number of arguments: with zero or one
+arguments it duplicates the paste buffer contents into the register specified
+or entered at the prompt. With two arguments it reads the contents of the named
+file into the register, just as @code{readbuf} reads the screen-exchange file
+into the paste buffer.
+You can tell screen the encoding of the file via the @code{-e} option.
+The following example will paste the system's password file into
+the screen window (using register p, where a copy remains):
+
+@example
+C-a : readreg p /etc/passwd
+C-a : paste p
+@end example
+@end deffn
+
+@node Registers, Screen Exchange, Paste, Copy and Paste
+@section Registers
+
+@deffn Command copy_reg [key]
+(none)@*
+Removed. Use @code{readreg} instead.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command ins_reg [key]
+(none)@*
+Removed. Use @code{paste} instead.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command process [key]
+(none)@*
+Stuff the contents of the specified register into the @code{screen}
+input queue. If no argument is given you are prompted for a
+register name. The text is parsed as if it had been typed in from the user's
+keyboard. This command can be used to bind multiple actions to a single key.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command register [-e encoding] key string
+(none)@*
+Save the specified @var{string} to the register @var{key}.
+The encoding of the string can be specified via the @code{-e} option.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Screen Exchange, History, Registers, Copy and Paste
+@section Screen Exchange
+
+@deffn Command bufferfile [@var{exchange-file}]
+(none)@*
+Change the filename used for reading and writing with the paste buffer.
+If the @var{exchange-file} parameter is omitted, @code{screen} reverts
+to the default of @file{/tmp/screen-exchange}.  The following example
+will paste the system's password file into the screen window (using the 
+paste buffer, where a copy remains):
+
+@example
+C-a : bufferfile /etc/passwd
+C-a < C-a ]
+C-a : bufferfile
+@end example
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex <
+@deffn Command readbuf [-e @var{encoding}] [@var{filename}]
+(@kbd{C-a <})@*
+Reads the contents of the specified file into the paste buffer.
+You can tell screen the encoding of the file via the @code{-e} option.
+If no file is specified, the screen-exchange filename is used.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex =
+@deffn Command removebuf
+(@kbd{C-a =})@*
+Unlinks the screen-exchange file.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex >
+@deffn Command writebuf [-e @var{encoding}] [@var{filename}]
+(@kbd{C-a >})@*
+Writes the contents of the paste buffer to the specified file, or the
+public accessible screen-exchange file if no filename is given.
+This is thought of as a primitive means of
+communication between @code{screen} users on the same host.
+If an encoding is specified the paste buffer is recoded on the fly to
+match the encoding.
+See also
+@kbd{C-a @key{ESC}} (@pxref{Copy}).
+@end deffn
+
+@node History,  , Screen Exchange, Copy and Paste
+@section History
+
+@kindex @{
+@kindex @}
+@deffn Command history
+(@kbd{C-a @{}, @kbd{C-a @}})@*
+Usually users work with a shell that allows easy access to previous
+commands.  For example, @code{csh} has the command @code{!!} to repeat
+the last command executed.  @code{screen} provides a primitive way of
+recalling ``the command that started @dots{}'': You just type the first
+letter of that command, then hit @kbd{C-a @{} and @code{screen} tries to
+find a previous line that matches with the prompt character to the left
+of the cursor. This line is pasted into this window's input queue.  Thus
+you have a crude command history (made up by the visible window and its
+scrollback buffer).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Subprocess Execution, Key Binding, Copy and Paste, Top
+@chapter Subprocess Execution
+Control Input or Output of a window by another filter process.
+Use with care!
+
+@menu
+* Exec::                        The @code{exec} command syntax.
+* Using Exec::                  Weird things that filters can do.
+@end menu
+
+@node Exec, Using Exec,  , Subprocess Execution
+@section Exec
+@deffn Command exec [[@var{fdpat}] @var{newcommand} [@var{args} ... ]]
+(none)@*
+Run a unix subprocess (specified by an executable path @var{newcommand} and 
+its optional arguments) in the current window. The flow of data between
+newcommands stdin/stdout/stderr, the process originally started (let us call it 
+"application-process") and 
+screen itself (window) is controlled by the file descriptor pattern @var{fdpat}.
+This pattern is basically a three character sequence representing stdin, stdout
+and stderr of newcommand. A dot (@code{.}) connects the file descriptor
+to screen. An exclamation mark (@code{!}) causes the file descriptor to be
+connected to the application-process. A colon (@code{:}) combines both.
+@*
+User input will go to newcommand unless newcommand receives the 
+application-process'
+output (@var{fdpat}s first character is @samp{!} or @samp{:}) or a pipe symbol
+(@samp{|}) is added to the end of @var{fdpat}.
+@*
+Invoking @code{exec} without arguments shows name and arguments of the currently
+running subprocess in this window. Only one subprocess can be running per 
+window.
+@*
+When a subprocess is running the @code{kill} command will affect it instead of 
+the windows process. Only one subprocess a time can be running in each window.
+@*
+Refer to the postscript file @file{doc/fdpat.ps} for a confusing
+illustration of all 21 possible combinations. Each drawing shows the digits
+2, 1, 0 representing the three file descriptors of newcommand. The box
+marked `W' is usual pty that has the application-process on its slave side.
+The box marked `P' is the secondary pty that now has screen at its master
+side.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Using Exec,  , Exec, Subprocess Execution
+@section Using Exec
+@noindent 
+Abbreviations:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+Whitespace between the word @samp{exec} and @var{fdpat} and the command name
+can be omitted. 
+
+@item
+Trailing dots and a @var{fdpat} consisting only of dots can be omitted. 
+
+@item 
+A simple @samp{|} is synonymous for the @samp{!..|} pattern.
+
+@item
+The word @samp{exec} can be omitted when the @samp{|} abbreviation is used.
+
+@item
+The word @samp{exec} can always be replaced by leading @samp{!}.
+@end itemize
+
+@noindent 
+Examples:
+
+@table @code
+@item !/bin/sh
+@itemx exec /bin/sh
+@itemx exec ... /bin/sh
+All of the above are equivalent.
+Creates another shell in the same window, while the original shell is still 
+running. Output of both shells is displayed and user input is sent to the new
+@file{/bin/sh}.
+
+@item !!stty 19200
+@itemx exec!stty 19200
+@itemx exec !.. stty 19200
+All of the above are equivalent.
+Set the speed of the window's tty. If your stty command operates on stdout,
+then add another @samp{!}. This is a useful command, when a screen window
+is directly connected to a serial line that needs to be configured.
+
+@item |less
+@itemx exec !..| less
+Both are equivalent.
+This adds a pager to the window output. The special character @samp{|} is 
+needed to give the user control over the pager although it gets its input from 
+the window's process. This works, because @samp{less} listens on stderr 
+(a behavior that @code{screen} would not expect without the @samp{|}) 
+when its stdin is not a tty. @code{Less} versions newer than 177 fail miserably
+here; good old @code{pg} still works.
+
+@item !:sed -n s/.*Error.*/\007/p
+Sends window output to both, the user and the sed command. The sed inserts an
+additional bell character (oct. 007) to the window output seen by screen.
+This will cause 'Bell in window x' messages, whenever the string @samp{Error}
+appears in the window.
+@end table
+
+@node Key Binding, Flow Control, Subprocess Execution, Top
+@chapter Key Binding
+@cindex key binding
+@cindex binding
+
+You may disagree with some of the default bindings (I know I do).  The
+@code{bind} command allows you to redefine them to suit your
+preferences.
+
+@menu
+* Bind::                        @code{bind} syntax.
+* Bind Examples::               Using @code{bind}.
+* Command Character::           The character used to start keyboard commands.
+* Help::                        Show current key bindings.
+* Bindkey::			@code{bindkey} syntax.
+* Bindkey Examples::		Some easy examples.
+* Bindkey Control::		How to control the bindkey mechanism.
+@end menu
+
+@node Bind, Bind Examples,  , Key Binding
+@section The @code{bind} command
+@deffn Command bind [-c class] key [command [args]]
+(none)@*
+Bind a command to a key.  The @var{key} argument is either a single
+character, a two-character sequence of the form @samp{^x} (meaning
+@kbd{C-x}), a backslash followed by an octal number (specifying the
+ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed by a second
+character, such as @samp{\^} or @samp{\\}.  The argument can also be
+quoted, if you like.  If no further argument is given, any previously
+established binding for this key is removed.  The @var{command}
+argument can be any command (@pxref{Command Index}).
+
+If a command class is specified via the @code{-c} option, the
+key is bound for the specified class.  Use the @code{command}
+command to activate a class. Command classes can be used
+to create multiple command keys or multi-character bindings.
+
+By default, most suitable commands are bound to one or more keys
+(@pxref{Default Key Bindings}); for instance, the command to create a
+new window is bound to @kbd{C-c} and @kbd{c}.  The @code{bind} command
+can be used to redefine the key bindings and to define new bindings.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command unbindall
+(none)@*
+Unbind all the bindings. This can be useful when
+screen is used solely for its detaching abilities, such as when
+letting a console application run as a daemon. If, for some reason,
+it is necessary to bind commands after this, use 'screen -X'.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bind Examples, Command Character, Bind, Key Binding
+@section Examples of the @code{bind} command
+@noindent
+Some examples:
+
+@example
+bind ' ' windows
+bind ^f screen telnet foobar
+bind \033 screen -ln -t root -h 1000 9 su
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+would bind the space key to the command that displays a list of windows
+(so that the command usually invoked by @kbd{C-a C-w} would also be
+available as @kbd{C-a space}), bind @kbd{C-f} to the command
+``create a window with a TELNET connection to foobar'', and bind
+@key{ESC} to the command that creates an non-login window with title
+@samp{root} in slot #9, with a superuser shell and a scrollback buffer
+of 1000 lines.
+
+@example
+bind -c demo1 0 select 10
+bind -c demo1 1 select 11
+bind -c demo1 2 select 12
+bindkey "^B" command -c demo1
+@end example
+makes @kbd{C-b 0} select window 10, @kbd{C-b 1} window 11, etc.
+
+@example
+bind -c demo2 0 select 10
+bind -c demo2 1 select 11
+bind -c demo2 2 select 12
+bind - command -c demo2
+@end example
+makes @kbd{C-a - 0} select window 10, @kbd{C-a - 1} window 11, etc.
+
+@node Command Character, Help, Bind Examples, Key Binding
+@cindex escape character
+@cindex command character
+@section Command Character
+
+@deffn Command escape xy
+(none)@*
+Set the command character to @var{x} and the character generating a
+literal command character (by triggering the @code{meta} command)
+to @var{y} (similar to the @samp{-e} option). 
+Each argument is either a single character, a two-character
+sequence of the form @samp{^x} (meaning @kbd{C-x}), a backslash followed
+by an octal number (specifying the ASCII code of the character), or a
+backslash followed by a second character, such as @samp{\^} or
+@samp{\\}.  The default is @samp{^Aa}, but @samp{``} is recommended by
+one of the authors.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defescape xy
+(none)@*
+Set the default command characters. This is equivalent to the command 
+@code{escape} except that it is useful for multiuser sessions only. 
+In a multiuser session
+@code{escape} changes the command character of the calling user, where 
+@code{defescape} changes the default command characters for users that
+will be added later.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex a
+@deffn Command meta
+(@kbd{C-a a})@*
+Send the command character (@kbd{C-a}) to the process in the current
+window.  The keystroke for this command is the second parameter to the
+@samp{-e} command line switch (@pxref{Invoking Screen}), or the
+@code{escape} .screenrc directive.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command command [-c @var{class}]
+(none)@*
+This command has the same effect as typing the screen escape character
+(@kbd{C-a}). It is probably only useful for key bindings.
+If the @samp{-c} option is given, select the specified command class.
+@xref{Bind}, @xref{Bindkey}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Help, Bindkey, Command Character, Key Binding
+@section Help
+@kindex ?
+@deffn Command help
+(@kbd{C-a ?})@*
+Displays a help screen showing you all the key bindings.  The first
+pages list all the internal commands followed by their bindings.
+Subsequent pages will display the custom commands, one command per key.
+Press space when you're done reading each page, or return to exit early.
+All other characters are ignored.
+If the @samp{-c} option is given, display all bound commands for the
+specified command class.
+@xref{Default Key Bindings}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bindkey, Bindkey Examples, Help, Key Binding
+@section Bindkey
+@deffn Command bindkey [@var{opts}] [@var{string} [@var{cmd} @var{args}]]
+(none)@*
+This command manages screen's input translation tables. Every
+entry in one of the tables tells screen how to react if a certain
+sequence of characters is encountered. There are three tables:
+one that should contain actions programmed by the user, one for
+the default actions used for terminal emulation and one for
+screen's copy mode to do cursor movement. See @ref{Input Translation}
+for a list of default key bindings.
+
+If the @samp{-d}
+option is given, bindkey modifies the default table, @samp{-m}
+changes the copy mode table and with neither option the user
+table is selected. The argument @samp{string} is the sequence of
+characters to which an action is bound. This can either be a fixed
+string or a termcap keyboard capability name (selectable with the
+@samp{-k} option).
+
+Some keys on a VT100 terminal can send a different
+string if application mode is turned on (e.g. the cursor keys).
+Such keys have two entries in the translation table. You can
+select the application mode entry by specifying the @samp{-a}
+option.
+
+The @samp{-t} option tells screen not to do inter-character
+timing. One cannot turn off the timing if a termcap capability is
+used.
+
+@samp{cmd} can be any of screen's commands with an arbitrary
+number of @samp{args}. If @samp{cmd} is omitted the key-binding is
+removed from the table. 
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bindkey Examples, Bindkey Control,Bindkey, Key Binding
+@section Bindkey Examples
+@noindent
+Here are some examples of keyboard bindings:
+
+@example
+bindkey -d
+@end example
+@noindent
+Show all of the default key bindings. The application mode entries
+are marked with [A].
+
+@example
+bindkey -k k1 select 1
+@end example
+@noindent
+Make the "F1" key switch to window one.
+
+@example
+bindkey -t foo stuff barfoo
+@end example
+@noindent
+Make @samp{foo} an abbreviation of the word @samp{barfoo}. Timeout is
+disabled so that users can type slowly.
+
+@example
+bindkey "\024" mapdefault
+@end example
+@noindent
+This key-binding makes @samp{C-t} an escape character for key-bindings. If
+you did the above @samp{stuff barfoo} binding, you can enter the word
+@samp{foo} by typing @samp{C-t foo}. If you want to insert a
+@samp{C-t} you have to press the key twice (i.e., escape the escape
+binding).
+
+@example
+bindkey -k F1 command
+@end example
+@noindent
+Make the F11 (not F1!) key an alternative screen
+escape (besides @samp{C-a}).
+
+@node Bindkey Control, , Bindkey Examples, Key Binding
+@section Bindkey Control
+@deffn Command mapdefault
+(none)@*
+Tell screen that the next input character should only be looked up
+in the default bindkey table.
+@end deffn
+@deffn Command mapnotnext
+(none)@*
+Like mapdefault, but don't even look in the default bindkey table.
+@end deffn
+@deffn Command maptimeout n
+(none)@*
+Set the inter-character timer for input sequence detection to a timeout
+of @var{n} ms. The default timeout is 300ms. Maptimeout with no
+arguments shows the current setting.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Flow Control, Termcap, Key Binding, Top
+@chapter Flow Control
+@cindex flow control
+
+@code{screen} can trap flow control characters or pass them to the
+program, as you see fit.  This is useful when your terminal wants to use
+XON/XOFF flow control and you are running a program which wants to use
+^S/^Q for other purposes (i.e. @code{emacs}).
+
+@menu
+* Flow Control Summary::        The effect of @code{screen} flow control
+* Flow::                        Setting the flow control behavior
+* XON/XOFF::                    Sending XON or XOFF to the window
+@end menu
+
+@node Flow Control Summary, Flow,  , Flow Control
+@section About @code{screen} flow control settings
+Each window has a flow-control setting that determines how screen deals
+with the XON and XOFF characters (and perhaps the interrupt character).
+When flow-control is turned off, screen ignores the XON and XOFF
+characters, which allows the user to send them to the current program by
+simply typing them (useful for the @code{emacs} editor, for instance).
+The trade-off is that it will take longer for output from a
+``normal'' program to pause in response to an XOFF.  With
+flow-control turned on, XON and XOFF characters are used to immediately
+pause the output of the current window.  You can still send these
+characters to the current program, but you must use the appropriate
+two-character screen commands (typically @kbd{C-a q} (xon) and @kbd{C-a
+s} (xoff)).  The xon/xoff commands are also useful for typing C-s and
+C-q past a terminal that intercepts these characters.
+
+Each window has an initial flow-control value set with either the
+@samp{-f} option or the @code{defflow} command.  By default the
+windows are set to automatic flow-switching.  It can then be toggled
+between the three states 'fixed on', 'fixed off' and 'automatic'
+interactively with the @code{flow} command bound to @kbd{C-a f}.
+
+The automatic flow-switching mode deals with flow control using the
+TIOCPKT mode (like @code{rlogin} does). If the tty driver does not
+support TIOCPKT, screen tries to determine the right mode based on the
+current setting of the application keypad --- when it is enabled,
+flow-control is turned off and visa versa.  Of course, you can still
+manipulate flow-control manually when needed.
+
+If you're running with flow-control enabled and find that pressing the
+interrupt key (usually C-c) does not interrupt the display until another
+6-8 lines have scrolled by, try running screen with the @samp{interrupt}
+option (add the @samp{interrupt} flag to the @code{flow} command in your
+.screenrc, or use the @samp{-i} command-line option).  This causes the
+output that @code{screen} has accumulated from the interrupted program
+to be flushed.  One disadvantage is that the virtual terminal's memory
+contains the non-flushed version of the output, which in rare cases can
+cause minor inaccuracies in the output.  For example, if you switch
+screens and return, or update the screen with @kbd{C-a l} you would see
+the version of the output you would have gotten without @samp{interrupt}
+being on.  Also, you might need to turn off flow-control (or use
+auto-flow mode to turn it off automatically) when running a program that
+expects you to type the interrupt character as input, as the
+@samp{interrupt} parameter only takes effect when flow-control is
+enabled.  If your program's output is interrupted by mistake, a simple
+refresh of the screen with @kbd{C-a l} will restore it.  Give each mode
+a try, and use whichever mode you find more comfortable.
+
+@node Flow, XON/XOFF, Flow Control Summary, Flow Control
+@section Flow
+@deffn Command defflow fstate [interrupt]
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{flow} command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed. Initial setting is `auto'.
+Specifying @code{flow auto interrupt} has the same effect as the
+command-line options @samp{-fa} and @samp{-i}.
+Note that if @samp{interrupt} is enabled, all existing displays are
+changed immediately to forward interrupt signals.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex f
+@kindex C-f
+@deffn Command flow [fstate]
+(@kbd{C-a f}, @kbd{C-a C-f})@*
+Sets the flow-control mode for this window to @var{fstate}, which can be
+@samp{on}, @samp{off} or @samp{auto}.
+Without parameters it cycles the current window's
+flow-control setting.  Default is set by `defflow'.
+@end deffn
+
+@node XON/XOFF,  , Flow, Flow Control
+@section XON and XOFF
+@kindex q
+@kindex C-q
+@deffn Command xon
+(@kbd{C-a q}, @kbd{C-a C-q})@*
+Send a ^Q (ASCII XON) to the program in the current window.  Redundant
+if flow control is set to @samp{off} or @samp{auto}.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex s
+@kindex C-s
+@deffn Command xoff
+(@kbd{C-a s}, @kbd{C-a C-s})@*
+Send a ^S (ASCII XOFF) to the program in the current window.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Termcap, Message Line, Flow Control, Top
+@chapter Termcap
+
+@code{Screen} demands the most out of your terminal so that it can
+perform its VT100 emulation most efficiently.  These functions provide
+means for tweaking the termcap entries for both your physical terminal
+and the one simulated by @code{screen}.
+
+@menu
+* Window Termcap::              Choosing a termcap entry for the window.
+* Dump Termcap::                Write out a termcap entry for the window.
+* Termcap Syntax::              The @code{termcap} and @code{terminfo} commands.
+* Termcap Examples::            Uses for @code{termcap}.
+* Special Capabilities::        Non-standard capabilities used by @code{screen}.
+* Autonuke::			Flush unseen output
+* Obuflimit::			Allow pending output when reading more
+* Character Translation::       Emulating fonts and charsets.
+@end menu
+
+@node Window Termcap, Dump Termcap,  , Termcap
+@section Choosing the termcap entry for a window
+Usually @code{screen} tries to emulate as much of the VT100/ANSI
+standard as possible. But if your terminal lacks certain capabilities
+the emulation may not be complete. In these cases @code{screen} has to
+tell the applications that some of the features are missing. This is no
+problem on machines using termcap, because @code{screen} can use the
+@code{$TERMCAP} variable to customize the standard screen termcap.
+
+But if you do a rlogin on another machine or your machine supports only
+terminfo this method fails. Because of this @code{screen} offers a way
+to deal with these cases. Here is how it works:
+
+When @code{screen} tries to figure out a terminal name for itself, it
+first looks for an entry named @code{screen.@var{term}}, where
+@var{term} is the contents of your @code{$TERM} variable.  If no such entry
+exists, @code{screen} tries @samp{screen} (or @samp{screen-w}, if the
+terminal is wide (132 cols or more)).  If even this entry cannot be
+found, @samp{vt100} is used as a substitute.
+
+The idea is that if you have a terminal which doesn't support an
+important feature (e.g. delete char or clear to EOS) you can build a new
+termcap/terminfo entry for @code{screen} (named
+@samp{screen.@var{dumbterm}}) in which this capability has been
+disabled.  If this entry is installed on your machines you are able to
+do a rlogin and still keep the correct termcap/terminfo entry.  The
+terminal name is put in the @code{$TERM} variable of all new windows.
+@code{screen} also sets the @code{$TERMCAP} variable reflecting the
+capabilities of the virtual terminal emulated. 
+Furthermore, the variable @code{$WINDOW} is set to the window number of each
+window.
+
+The actual set of capabilities supported by the virtual terminal depends
+on the capabilities supported by the physical terminal.  If, for
+instance, the physical terminal does not support underscore mode,
+@code{screen} does not put the @samp{us} and @samp{ue} capabilities into
+the window's @code{$TERMCAP} variable, accordingly.  However, a minimum number
+of capabilities must be supported by a terminal in order to run
+@code{screen}; namely scrolling, clear screen, and direct cursor
+addressing (in addition, @code{screen} does not run on hardcopy
+terminals or on terminals that over-strike).
+
+Also, you can customize the @code{$TERMCAP} value used by @code{screen} by
+using the @code{termcap} command, or by defining the variable
+@code{$SCREENCAP} prior to startup.  When the latter defined, its value will be
+copied verbatim into each window's @code{$TERMCAP} variable.  This can either
+be the full terminal definition, or a filename where the terminal
+@samp{screen} (and/or @samp{screen-w}) is defined.
+
+Note that @code{screen} honors the @code{terminfo} command if the system
+uses the terminfo database rather than termcap.  On such machines the
+@code{$TERMCAP} variable has no effect and you must use the
+@code{dumptermcap} command (@pxref{Dump Termcap}) and the @code{tic}
+program to generate terminfo entries for @code{screen} windows.
+
+When the boolean @samp{G0} capability is present in the termcap entry
+for the terminal on which @code{screen} has been called, the terminal
+emulation of @code{screen} supports multiple character sets.  This
+allows an application to make use of, for instance, the VT100 graphics
+character set or national character sets.  The following control
+functions from ISO 2022 are supported: @samp{lock shift G0} (@samp{SI}),
+@samp{lock shift G1} (@samp{SO}), @samp{lock shift G2}, @samp{lock shift
+G3}, @samp{single shift G2}, and @samp{single shift G3}.  When a virtual
+terminal is created or reset, the ASCII character set is designated as
+@samp{G0} through @samp{G3}.  When the @samp{G0} capability is present,
+screen evaluates the capabilities @samp{S0}, @samp{E0}, and @samp{C0} if
+present. @samp{S0} is the sequence the terminal uses to enable and start
+the graphics character set rather than @samp{SI}.  @samp{E0} is the
+corresponding replacement for @samp{SO}. @samp{C0} gives a character by
+character translation string that is used during semi-graphics mode.
+This string is built like the @samp{acsc} terminfo capability.
+
+When the @samp{po} and @samp{pf} capabilities are present in the
+terminal's termcap entry, applications running in a @code{screen} window
+can send output to the printer port of the terminal.  This allows a user
+to have an application in one window sending output to a printer
+connected to the terminal, while all other windows are still active (the
+printer port is enabled and disabled again for each chunk of output).
+As a side-effect, programs running in different windows can send output
+to the printer simultaneously.  Data sent to the printer is not
+displayed in the window. The @code{info} command displays a line starting
+with @samp{PRIN} while the printer is active.
+
+Some capabilities are only put into the @code{$TERMCAP} variable of the virtual
+terminal if they can be efficiently implemented by the physical
+terminal.  For instance, @samp{dl} (delete line) is only put into the
+@code{$TERMCAP} variable if the terminal supports either delete line itself or
+scrolling regions. Note that this may provoke confusion, when the
+session is reattached on a different terminal, as the value of @code{$TERMCAP}
+cannot be modified by parent processes.  You can force @code{screen} to
+include all capabilities in @code{$TERMCAP} with the @samp{-a}
+command-line option (@pxref{Invoking Screen}).
+
+The "alternate screen" capability is not enabled by default.
+Set the @code{altscreen} @file{.screenrc} command to enable it.
+
+@node Dump Termcap, Termcap Syntax, Window Termcap, Termcap
+@section Write out the window's termcap entry
+@kindex .
+@deffn Command dumptermcap
+(@kbd{C-a .})@*
+Write the termcap entry for the virtual terminal optimized for the
+currently active window to the file @file{.termcap} in the user's
+@file{$HOME/.screen} directory (or wherever @code{screen} stores its
+sockets. @pxref{Files}).  This termcap entry is identical to
+the value of the environment variable @code{$TERMCAP} that is set up by
+@code{screen} for each window. For terminfo based systems you will need
+to run a converter like @code{captoinfo} and then compile the entry with
+@code{tic}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Termcap Syntax, Termcap Examples, Dump Termcap, Termcap
+@section The @code{termcap} command
+@deffn Command termcap term terminal-tweaks [window-tweaks]
+@deffnx Command terminfo term terminal-tweaks [window-tweaks]
+@deffnx Command termcapinfo term terminal-tweaks [window-tweaks]
+(none)@*
+Use this command to modify your terminal's termcap entry without going
+through all the hassles involved in creating a custom termcap entry.
+Plus, you can optionally customize the termcap generated for the
+windows.  
+You have to place these commands in one of the screenrc startup files, as they
+are meaningless once the terminal emulator is booted.
+
+If your system uses the terminfo database rather than termcap,
+@code{screen} will understand the @code{terminfo} command, which has the
+same effects as the @code{termcap} command.   Two separate commands are
+provided, as there are subtle syntactic differences, e.g. when parameter
+interpolation (using @samp{%}) is required. Note that the termcap names of
+the capabilities should also be used with the @code{terminfo} command.
+
+In many cases, where the arguments are valid in both terminfo and termcap
+syntax, you can use the command @code{termcapinfo}, which is just a
+shorthand for a pair of @code{termcap} and @code{terminfo} commands with
+identical arguments.
+@end deffn
+
+The first argument specifies which terminal(s) should be affected by
+this definition.  You can specify multiple terminal names by separating
+them with @samp{|}s.  Use @samp{*} to match all terminals and @samp{vt*}
+to match all terminals that begin with @samp{vt}.
+
+Each @var{tweak} argument contains one or more termcap defines
+(separated by @samp{:}s) to be inserted at the start of the appropriate
+termcap entry, enhancing it or overriding existing values.  The first
+tweak modifies your terminal's termcap, and contains definitions that
+your terminal uses to perform certain functions.  Specify a null string
+to leave this unchanged (e.g. "").  The second (optional) tweak modifies
+all the window termcaps, and should contain definitions that screen
+understands (@pxref{Virtual Terminal}).
+
+@node Termcap Examples, Special Capabilities, Termcap Syntax, Termcap
+@section Termcap Examples
+Some examples:
+
+@example
+termcap xterm*  xn:hs@@
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Informs @code{screen} that all terminals that begin with @samp{xterm}
+have firm auto-margins that allow the last position on the screen to be
+updated (xn), but they don't really have a status line (no 'hs' --
+append @samp{@@} to turn entries off).  Note that we assume @samp{xn} for
+all terminal names that start with @samp{vt}, but only if you don't
+specify a termcap command for that terminal.
+
+@example
+termcap vt*  xn
+termcap vt102|vt220  Z0=\E[?3h:Z1=\E[?3l
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Specifies the firm-margined @samp{xn} capability for all terminals that
+begin with @samp{vt}, and the second line will also add the
+escape-sequences to switch into (Z0) and back out of (Z1)
+132-character-per-line mode if this is a VT102 or VT220.  (You must
+specify Z0 and Z1 in your termcap to use the width-changing commands.)
+
+@example
+termcap vt100  ""  l0=PF1:l1=PF2:l2=PF3:l3=PF4
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+This leaves your vt100 termcap alone and adds the function key labels to
+each window's termcap entry.
+
+@example
+termcap h19|z19  am@@:im=\E@@:ei=\EO  dc=\E[P
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Takes a h19 or z19 termcap and turns off auto-margins (am@@) and enables
+the insert mode (im) and end-insert (ei) capabilities (the @samp{@@} in
+the @samp{im} string is after the @samp{=}, so it is part of the
+string).  Having the @samp{im} and @samp{ei} definitions put into your
+terminal's termcap will cause screen to automatically advertise the
+character-insert capability in each window's termcap.  Each window will
+also get the delete-character capability (dc) added to its termcap,
+which screen will translate into a line-update for the terminal (we're
+pretending it doesn't support character deletion).
+
+If you would like to fully specify each window's termcap entry, you
+should instead set the @code{$SCREENCAP} variable prior to running
+@code{screen}.  @xref{Virtual Terminal}, for the details of the
+@code{screen} terminal emulation.  @xref{Termcap},
+for more information on termcap definitions.
+
+@node Special Capabilities, Autonuke, Termcap Examples, Termcap
+@section Special Terminal Capabilities
+@cindex terminal capabilities
+@cindex capabilities 
+The following table describes all terminal capabilities that are
+recognized by @code{screen} and are not in the termcap manual
+(@pxref{Termcap}).
+You can place these capabilities in your termcap entries (in
+@file{/etc/termcap}) or use them with the commands @code{termcap},
+@code{terminfo} and @code{termcapinfo} in your @code{screenrc} files. It is
+often not possible to place these capabilities in the terminfo database.
+@table @samp
+@item LP
+(bool)@*
+Terminal has VT100 style margins (`magic margins'). Note that
+this capability is obsolete --- @code{screen} now uses the standard 
+@samp{xn} instead.
+
+@item Z0
+(str)@*
+Change width to 132 columns.
+
+@item Z1
+(str)@*
+Change width to 80 columns.
+
+@item WS
+(str)@*
+Resize display. This capability has the desired width and height as
+arguments.  SunView(tm) example: @samp{\E[8;%d;%dt}.
+
+@item NF
+(bool)@*
+Terminal doesn't need flow control. Send ^S and ^Q direct to
+the application. Same as @code{flow off}. The opposite of this
+capability is @samp{nx}.
+
+@item G0
+(bool)@*
+Terminal can deal with ISO 2022 font selection sequences.
+
+@item S0
+(str)@*
+Switch charset @samp{G0} to the specified charset. Default
+is @samp{\E(%.}.
+
+@item E0
+(str)@*
+Switch charset @samp{G0} back to standard charset. Default
+is @samp{\E(B}.
+
+@item C0
+(str)@*
+Use the string as a conversion table for font 0. See
+the @samp{ac} capability for more details.
+
+@item CS
+(str)@*
+Switch cursor-keys to application mode.
+
+@item CE
+(str)@*
+Switch cursor-keys to cursor mode.
+
+@item AN
+(bool)@*
+Enable autonuke for displays of this terminal type.
+(@pxref{Autonuke}).
+
+@item OL
+(num)@*
+Set the output buffer limit. See the @samp{obuflimit} command
+(@pxref{Obuflimit}) for more details.
+
+@item KJ
+(str)@*
+Set the encoding of the terminal. See the @samp{encoding} command
+(@pxref{Character Processing}) for valid encodings.
+
+@item AF
+(str)@*
+Change character foreground color in an ANSI conform way. This
+capability will almost always be set to @samp{\E[3%dm}
+(@samp{\E[3%p1%dm} on terminfo machines).
+
+@item AB
+(str)@*
+Same as @samp{AF}, but change background color.
+
+@item AX
+(bool)@*
+Does understand ANSI set default fg/bg color (@samp{\E[39m / \E[49m}).
+
+@item XC
+(str)@*
+Describe a translation of characters to strings depending on the
+current font.  (@pxref{Character Translation}).
+
+@item XT
+(bool)@*
+Terminal understands special xterm sequences (OSC, mouse tracking).
+
+@item C8
+(bool)@*
+Terminal needs bold to display high-intensity colors (e.g. Eterm).
+
+@item TF
+(bool)@*
+Add missing capabilities to the termcap/info entry. (Set by default).
+@end table
+
+@node Autonuke, Obuflimit, Special Capabilities, Termcap
+@section Autonuke
+@deffn Command autonuke @var{state}
+(none)@*
+Sets whether a clear screen sequence should nuke all the output
+that has not been written to the terminal. @xref{Obuflimit}.
+This property is set per display, not per window.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defautonuke @var{state}
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{autonuke} command except that the default setting for
+new displays is also changed. Initial setting is @code{off}. 
+Note that you can use the special @code{AN} terminal capability if you
+want to have a terminal type dependent setting.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Obuflimit, Character Translation, Autonuke, Termcap
+@section Obuflimit
+@deffn Command obuflimit [@var{limit}]
+(none)@*
+If the output buffer contains more bytes than the specified limit, no
+more data will be read from the windows. The default value is 256. If
+you have a fast display (like @code{xterm}), you can set it to some 
+higher value. If no argument is specified, the current setting is displayed.
+This property is set per display, not per window.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defobuflimit @var{limit}
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{obuflimit} command except that the default setting for new
+displays is also changed. Initial setting is 256 bytes. Note that you can use
+the special @code{OL} terminal capability if you want to have a terminal
+type dependent limit.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Character Translation, , Obuflimit, Termcap
+@section Character Translation
+@code{Screen} has a powerful mechanism to translate characters to
+arbitrary strings depending on the current font and terminal type.
+Use this feature if you want to work with a common standard character
+set (say ISO8851-latin1) even on terminals that scatter the more
+unusual characters over several national language font pages.
+
+Syntax:
+
+@example
+    XC=@var{<charset-mapping>}@{,,@var{<charset-mapping>}@}
+    @var{<charset-mapping>} := @var{<designator>}@var{<template>}@{,@var{<mapping>}@}
+    @var{<mapping>} := @var{<char-to-be-mapped>}@var{<template-arg>}
+@end example
+
+The things in braces may be repeated any number of times.
+
+A @var{<charset-mapping>} tells screen how to map characters
+in font @var{<designator>} (@samp{B}: Ascii, @samp{A}: UK,
+@samp{K}: german, etc.)
+to strings. Every @var{<mapping>} describes to what string a single
+character will be translated. A template mechanism is used, as 
+most of the time the codes have a lot in common (for example
+strings to switch to and from another charset). Each occurrence
+of @samp{%} in @var{<template>} gets substituted with the 
+@var{template-arg}
+specified together with the character. If your strings are not
+similar at all, then use @samp{%} as a template and place the full
+string in @var{<template-arg>}. A quoting mechanism was added to make
+it possible to use a real @samp{%}. The @samp{\} character quotes the
+special characters @samp{\}, @samp{%}, and @samp{,}.
+
+Here is an example:
+
+@example
+    termcap hp700 'XC=B\E(K%\E(B,\304[,\326\\\\,\334]'
+@end example
+
+This tells @code{screen}, how to translate ISOlatin1 (charset @samp{B})
+upper case umlaut characters on a @code{hp700} terminal that has a
+German charset. @samp{\304} gets translated to
+@samp{\E(K[\E(B} and so on.
+Note that this line gets parsed *three* times before the internal
+lookup table is built, therefore a lot of quoting is needed to
+create a single @samp{\}.
+
+Another extension was added to allow more emulation: If a mapping
+translates the unquoted @samp{%} char, it will be sent to the terminal
+whenever screen switches to the corresponding @var{<designator>}.
+In this
+special case the template is assumed to be just @samp{%} because
+the charset switch sequence and the character mappings normally
+haven't much in common.
+
+This example shows one use of the extension:
+@example
+    termcap xterm 'XC=K%,%\E(B,[\304,\\\\\326,]\334'
+@end example
+
+Here, a part of the German (@samp{K}) charset is emulated on an xterm.
+If screen has to change to the @samp{K} charset, @samp{\E(B} will be
+sent
+to the terminal, i.e. the ASCII charset is used instead. The
+template is just @samp{%}, so the mapping is straightforward:
+@samp{[} to @samp{\304}, @samp{\} to @samp{\326}, and @samp{]} to
+@samp{\334}.
+
+@node Message Line, Logging, Termcap, Top
+@chapter The Message Line
+@cindex message line
+
+@code{Screen} displays informational messages and other diagnostics in a
+@dfn{message line} at the bottom of the screen.  If your terminal has a
+status line defined in its termcap, screen will use this for displaying
+its messages, otherwise the last line of the screen will be temporarily
+overwritten and output will be momentarily interrupted.  The message
+line is automatically removed after a few seconds delay, but it can also
+be removed early (on terminals without a status line) by beginning to
+type.
+
+@menu
+* Privacy Message::             Using the message line from your program.
+* Hardware Status Line::        Use the terminal's hardware status line.
+* Last Message::                Redisplay the last message.
+* Message Wait::                Control how long messages are displayed.
+@end menu
+
+@node Privacy Message, Hardware Status Line,  , Message Line
+@section Using the message line from your program
+The message line facility can be used by an application running in the
+current window by means of the ANSI @dfn{Privacy message} control
+sequence.  For instance, from within the shell, try something like:
+
+@example
+echo "@value{esc}^Hello world from window $WINDOW@value{esc}\"
+@end example
+
+where @samp{@value{esc}} is ASCII ESC and the @samp{^} that follows it
+is a literal caret or up-arrow.
+
+@node Hardware Status Line, Last Message, Privacy Message, Message Line
+@section Hardware Status Line
+@deffn Command hardstatus [state]
+@deffnx Command hardstatus [@code{always}]@code{firstline}|@code{lastline}|@code{message}|@code{ignore} [string]
+@deffnx Command hardstatus @code{string} [string]
+(none)@*
+This command configures the use and emulation of the terminal's
+hardstatus line. The first form toggles whether @code{screen}
+will use the hardware status line to display messages. If the
+flag is set to @samp{off}, these messages
+are overlaid in reverse video mode at the display line. The default
+setting is @samp{on}.
+
+The second form tells screen what to do if the terminal doesn't
+have a hardstatus line (i.e. the termcap/terminfo capabilities
+"hs", "ts", "fs" and "ds" are not set). If the type
+@code{firstline}/@code{lastline} is used, screen will reserve the first/last
+line of the display for the hardstatus. @code{message} uses
+@code{screen}'s message mechanism and
+@code{ignore} tells @code{screen} never to display the hardstatus.
+If you prepend the word @code{always} to the type (e.g., @code{alwayslastline}), @code{screen} will use
+the type even if the terminal supports a hardstatus line.
+
+The third form specifies the contents of the hardstatus line.
+@code{%h} is used as default string, i.e., the stored hardstatus of the
+current window (settable via @samp{ESC]0;^G} or @samp{ESC_\\}) is
+displayed.
+You can customize this to any string you like including
+string escapes (@pxref{String Escapes}).
+If you leave
+out the argument @var{string}, the current string is displayed.
+
+You can mix the second and third form by providing the string as
+additional argument.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Last Message, Message Wait, Hardware Status Line, Message Line
+@section Display Last Message
+@kindex m
+@kindex C-m
+@deffn Command lastmsg
+(@kbd{C-a m}, @kbd{C-a C-m})@*
+Repeat the last message displayed in the message line.  Useful if you're
+typing when a message appears, because (unless your terminal has a
+hardware status line) the message goes away when you press a key.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Message Wait,  , Last Message, Message Line
+@section Message Wait
+@deffn Command msgminwait sec
+(none)@*
+Defines the time @code{screen} delays a new message when another is
+currently displayed.  Defaults to 1 second.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command msgwait sec
+(none)@*
+Defines the time a message is displayed, if @code{screen} is not
+disturbed by other activity.  Defaults to 5 seconds.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Logging, Startup, Message Line, Top
+@chapter Logging
+
+This section describes the commands for keeping a record of your session.
+
+@menu
+* Hardcopy::                    Dump the current screen to a file
+* Log::                         Log the output of a window to a file
+@end menu
+
+@node Hardcopy, Log,  , Logging
+@section hardcopy
+@kindex h
+@deffn Command hardcopy [-h] [@var{file}]
+(@kbd{C-a h})@*
+Writes out the currently displayed image to the file @var{file}, or,
+if no filename is specified, to @file{hardcopy.@var{n}}
+in the default directory, where @var{n} is the number of the
+current window.  This either appends or overwrites the file if it
+exists, as determined by the @code{hardcopy_append} command.
+If the option @code{-h} is specified, dump also the
+contents of the scrollback buffer.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command hardcopy_append state
+(none)@*
+If set to @samp{on}, @code{screen} will append to the
+@file{hardcopy.@var{n}} files created by the command @code{hardcopy};
+otherwise, these files are overwritten each time.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command hardcopydir directory
+(none)@*
+Defines a directory where hardcopy files will be placed.
+If unset, hardcopys are dumped in screen's current working
+directory.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Log,  , Hardcopy, Logging
+@section log
+
+@deffn Command deflog state
+(none)@*
+Same as the @code{log} command except that the default setting for new
+windows is changed.  Initial setting is `off'.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex H
+@deffn Command log [state]
+(@kbd{C-a H})@*
+Begins/ends logging of the current window to the file
+@file{screenlog.@var{n}} in the window's default directory, where
+@var{n} is the number of the current window.
+This filename can be changed with the @samp{logfile} command.
+If no parameter is given,
+the logging state is toggled.  The session log is
+appended to the previous contents of the file if it already exists.  The
+current contents and the contents of the scrollback history are not
+included in the session log.  Default is @samp{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command logfile filename
+@deffnx Command logfile flush secs
+(none)@*
+Defines the name the log files will get. The default is @samp{screenlog.%n}.
+The second form changes the number of seconds @code{screen}
+will wait before flushing the logfile buffer to the file-system. The
+default value is 10 seconds.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command logtstamp [state]
+@deffnx Command logtstamp @code{after} secs
+@deffnx Command logtstamp @code{string} string
+(none)@*
+This command controls logfile time-stamp mechanism of screen. If
+time-stamps are turned @samp{on}, screen adds a string containing
+the current time to the logfile after two minutes of inactivity.
+When output continues and more than another two minutes have passed,
+a second time-stamp is added to document the restart of the
+output. You can change this timeout with the second form
+of the command. The third form is used for customizing the time-stamp
+string (@samp{-- %n:%t -- time-stamp -- %M/%d/%y %c:%s --\n} by
+default).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Startup, Miscellaneous, Logging, Top
+@chapter Startup
+
+This section describes commands which are only useful in the
+@file{.screenrc} file, for use at startup.
+
+@menu
+* echo::                        Display a message.
+* sleep::                       Pause execution of the @file{.screenrc}.
+* Startup Message::             Control display of the copyright notice.
+@end menu
+
+@node echo, sleep,  , Startup
+@section echo
+@deffn Command echo [@samp{-n}] message
+(none)@*
+The echo command may be used to annoy @code{screen} users with a
+'message of the day'. Typically installed in a global screenrc. 
+The option @samp{-n} may be used to suppress the line feed.
+See also @code{sleep}.  
+Echo is also useful for online checking of environment variables.
+@end deffn
+
+@node sleep, Startup Message, echo, Startup
+@section sleep
+@deffn Command sleep num
+(none)@*
+This command will pause the execution of a .screenrc file for @var{num}
+seconds.  Keyboard activity will end the sleep.  It may be used to give
+users a chance to read the messages output by @code{echo}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Startup Message,  , sleep, Startup
+@section Startup Message
+@deffn Command startup_message state
+(none)@*
+Select whether you want to see the copyright notice during startup.
+Default is @samp{on}, as you probably noticed.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Miscellaneous, String Escapes, Startup, Top
+@chapter Miscellaneous commands
+
+The commands described here do not fit well under any of the other
+categories.
+
+@menu
+* At::                          Execute a command at other displays or windows.
+* Break::                       Send a break signal to the window.
+* Bumpleft::			Swaps window with previous one on window list.
+* Bumpright::			Swaps window with next one on window list.
+* Collapse::			Collapses window list.
+* Debug::                       Suppress/allow debugging output.
+* License::                     Display the disclaimer page.
+* Nethack::                     Use @code{nethack}-like error messages.
+* Nonblock::			Disable flow-control to a display.
+* Number::                      Change the current window's number.
+* Time::                        Display the time and load average.
+* Verbose::                     Display window creation commands.
+* Version::                     Display the version of @code{screen}.
+* Zombie::                      Keep dead windows.
+* Printcmd::                    Set command for VT100 printer port emulation.
+* Rendition::			Change text attributes in caption for flagged windows.
+* Sorendition::			Change the text highlighting method.
+* Attrcolor::			Map attributes to colors.
+* Setsid::			Change process group management.
+* Eval::			Parse and execute arguments.
+* Maxwin::			Set the maximum window number.
+* Backtick::			Program a command for a backtick string escape.
+* Screen Saver::		Define a screen safer.
+* Zmodem::			Define how screen treats zmodem requests.
+* Mousetrack::			Set whether screen should track mouse events.
+@end menu
+
+@node At, Break,  , Miscellaneous
+@section At
+@deffn Command at [identifier][#|*|%] command [args]
+(none)@*
+Execute a command at other displays or windows as if it had been entered there.
+@code{At} changes the context (the `current window' or `current display'
+setting) of the command. If the first parameter describes a non-unique context,
+the command will be executed multiple times. If the first parameter is of the 
+form @samp{@var{identifier}*} then identifier is matched against user names.
+The command is executed once for each display of the selected user(s).
+If the first parameter is of the form @samp{@var{identifier}%} identifier is
+matched against displays. Displays are named after the ttys they attach. The
+prefix @samp{/dev/} or @samp{/dev/tty} may be omitted from the identifier.
+If @var{identifier} has a @code{#} or nothing appended it is matched against
+window numbers and titles. Omitting an identifier in front of the @code{#},
+@code{*} or @code{%} character selects all users, displays or windows because
+a prefix-match is performed. Note that on the affected display(s) a short
+message will describe what happened. 
+Note that the @code{#} character works as a comment introducer when it is 
+preceded by whitespace. This can be escaped by prefixing @code{#} with a 
+@code{\}. 
+Permission is checked for the initiator of the @code{at} command, not for the
+owners of the affected display(s).
+Caveat: 
+When matching against windows, the command is executed at least 
+once per window. Commands that change the internal arrangement of windows
+(like @code{other}) may be called again. In shared windows the command will
+be repeated for each attached display. Beware, when issuing toggle commands
+like @code{login}!
+Some commands (e.g. @code{\*Qprocess}) require
+that a display is associated with the target windows.  These commands may not
+work correctly under @code{at} looping over windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Break, Bumpleft, At, Miscellaneous
+@section Break
+@kindex b
+@kindex C-b
+@deffn Command break [duration]
+(@kbd{C-a b}, @kbd{C-a C-b})@*
+Send a break signal for @var{duration}*0.25 seconds to this window.
+For non-Posix systems the time interval is rounded up to full seconds.
+Most useful if a character device is attached to the window rather than
+a shell process (@pxref{Window Types}). The maximum duration of
+a break signal is limited to 15 seconds.
+@end deffn
+
+@kindex B
+@deffn Command pow_break
+(@kbd{C-a B})@*
+Reopen the window's terminal line and send a break condition.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command breaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]
+(none)@*
+Choose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for
+terminal devices. This command should affect the current window only.
+But it still behaves identical to @code{defbreaktype}. This will be changed in
+the future.
+Calling @code{breaktype} with no parameter displays the break setting for the
+current window.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defbreaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]
+(none)@*
+Choose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for
+terminal devices opened afterwards. The preferred methods are 
+@code{tcsendbreak} and
+@code{TIOCSBRK}. The third, @code{TCSBRK}, blocks the complete @code{screen}
+session for the duration of the break, but it may be the only way to
+generate long breaks. @code{tcsendbreak} and @code{TIOCSBRK} may or may not
+produce long breaks with spikes (e.g. 4 per second). This is not only system
+dependent, this also differs between serial board drivers.
+Calling @code{defbreaktype} with no parameter displays the current setting.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bumpleft, Bumpright, Break, Miscellaneous
+@section Bumpleft
+@deffn Command bumpleft
+(none)@*
+Exchanges windows positions on window list, with window having lower number
+(left to current one).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Bumpright, Collapse, Bumpleft, Miscellaneous
+@section Bumpright
+@deffn Command bumpright
+(none)@*
+Exchanges windows positions on window list, with window having bigger number
+(right to current one).
+@end deffn
+
+@node Collapse, Debug, Bumpright, Miscellaneous
+@section Collapse
+@deffn Command collapse
+(none)@*
+Changes windows numbers, so there is no gaps between them.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Debug, License, Collapse, Miscellaneous
+@section Debug
+@deffn Command debug [on|off]
+(none)@*
+Turns runtime debugging on or off. If @code{screen} has been compiled with
+option @code{-DDEBUG} debugging is available and is turned on per default.
+Note that this command only affects debugging output from the main 
+@samp{SCREEN} process correctly. Debug output from attacher processes can only
+be turned off once and forever.
+@end deffn
+
+@node License, Nethack, Debug, Miscellaneous
+@section License
+@kindex ,
+@deffn Command license
+(@kbd{C-a ,})@*
+Display the disclaimer page. This is done whenever @code{screen} is
+started without options, which should be often enough.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Nethack, Nonblock, License, Miscellaneous
+@section Nethack
+@deffn Command nethack state
+(none)@*
+Changes the kind of error messages used by @code{screen}.  When you are
+familiar with the game @code{nethack}, you may enjoy the nethack-style
+messages which will often blur the facts a little, but are much funnier
+to read. Anyway, standard messages often tend to be unclear as well.
+
+This option is only available if @code{screen} was compiled with the
+NETHACK flag defined (@pxref{Installation}). The default setting is then
+determined by the presence of the environment variable
+@code{$NETHACKOPTIONS} and the file @code{~/.nethackrc} - if either one is
+present, the default is @code{on}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Nonblock, Number, Nethack, Miscellaneous
+@section Nonblock
+@deffn Command nonblock [@var{state}|@var{numsecs}]
+Tell screen how to deal with user interfaces (displays) that cease to
+accept output. This can happen if a user presses ^S or a TCP/modem
+connection gets cut but no hangup is received. If nonblock is
+@code{off} (this is the default) screen waits until the display 
+restarts to accept the output. If nonblock is @code{on}, screen
+waits until the timeout is reached (@code{on} is treated as 1s). If the
+display still doesn't receive characters, screen will consider
+it ``blocked'' and stop sending characters to it. If at
+some time it restarts to accept characters, screen will unblock 
+the display and redisplay the updated window contents.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command defnonblock @var{state}|@var{numsecs}
+Same as the @code{nonblock} command except that the default setting for
+displays is changed. Initial setting is @code{off}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Number, Time, Nonblock, Miscellaneous
+@section Number
+@kindex N
+@deffn Command number [[+|-]@var{n}]
+(@kbd{C-a N})@*
+Change the current window's number. If the given number @var{n} is already
+used by another window, both windows exchange their numbers. If no argument is
+specified, the current window number (and title) is shown. Using either a
+plus (`+') or minus (`-') will change the window's number by the relative
+amount specified.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Time, Verbose, Number, Miscellaneous
+@section Time
+@kindex t
+@kindex C-t
+@deffn Command time [@var{string}]
+(@kbd{C-a t}, @kbd{C-a C-t})@*
+Uses the message line to display the time of day, the host name, and the
+load averages over 1, 5, and 15 minutes (if this is available on your
+system).  For window-specific information use @code{info} (@pxref{Info}).
+If a @var{string} is specified, it changes the format of the time report
+like it is described in the string escapes chapter (@pxref{String Escapes}).
+Screen uses a default of @samp{%c:%s %M %d %H%? %l%?}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Verbose, Version, Time, Miscellaneous
+@section Verbose
+@deffn Command verbose [on|off]
+If verbose is switched on, the command name is echoed, whenever a window
+is created (or resurrected from zombie state). Default is off.
+Without a parameter, the current setting is shown.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Version, Zombie, Verbose, Miscellaneous
+@section Version
+@kindex v
+@deffn Command version
+(@kbd{C-a v})@*
+Display the version and modification date in the message line.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Zombie, Printcmd, Version, Miscellaneous
+@section Zombie
+@deffn Command zombie [@var{keys} [onerror] ]
+@deffn Command zombie_timeout [@var{seconds}]
+@end deffn
+(none)@*
+Per default windows are removed from the window list as soon as the
+windows process (e.g. shell) exits. When a string of two keys is
+specified to the zombie command, `dead' windows will remain in the list.
+The @code{kill} command may be used to remove the window. Pressing the first key
+in the dead window has the same effect. Pressing the second key, however,
+screen will attempt to resurrect the window. The process that was initially 
+running in the window will be launched again. Calling @code{zombie} without
+parameters will clear the zombie setting, thus making windows disappear when
+the process terminates.
+
+As the zombie setting is affected globally for all windows, this command 
+should probably be called @code{defzombie}, but it isn't.
+
+Optionally you can put the word @code{onerror} after the keys. This will
+cause screen to monitor exit status of the process running in the window.
+If it exits normally ('0'), the window disappears. Any other exit value
+causes the window to become a zombie.
+
+Additionally the @code{zombie_timeout} command exists.
+If a window is declared ``dead'', screen will automatically try to
+resurrect the window after the timeout.
+It only works if zombie keys are defined via @code{zombie} command.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Printcmd, Rendition, Zombie, Miscellaneous
+@section Printcmd
+@deffn Command printcmd [@var{cmd}]
+(none)@*
+If @var{cmd} is not an empty string, screen will not use the terminal
+capabilities @code{po/pf} for printing if it detects an ansi print
+sequence @code{ESC [ 5 i}, but pipe the output into @var{cmd}.
+This should normally be a command like @samp{lpr} or
+@samp{cat > /tmp/scrprint}.
+@code{Printcmd} without an argument displays the current setting.
+The ansi sequence @code{ESC [ 4 i} ends printing and closes the pipe.
+
+Warning: Be careful with this command! If other user have write
+access to your terminal, they will be able to fire off print commands.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Rendition, Sorendition, Printcmd, Miscellaneous
+@section Rendition
+@deffn Command rendition bell | monitor | silence | so @var{attr} [@var{color}]
+(none)@*
+Change the way screen renders the titles of windows that have monitor
+or bell flags set in caption or hardstatus or windowlist.
+See the chapter
+about string escapes (@pxref{String Escapes}) for the syntax of
+the modifiers. The default for monitor is currently @samp{=b} (bold,
+active colors), for bell @samp{=ub} (underline, bold and active colors), and
+for silence @samp{=u}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Sorendition, Attrcolor, Rendition, Miscellaneous
+@section Sorendition
+@deffn Command sorendition [@var{attr} [@var{color}]]
+(none)@*
+This command has been deprecated. Use @code{rendition so} instead. 
+@end deffn
+
+@node Attrcolor, Setsid, Sorendition, Miscellaneous
+@section Attrcolor
+@deffn Command attrcolor @var{attrib} [@var{attribute/color-modifier}]
+(none)@*
+This command can be used to highlight attributes by changing the color of
+the text. If the attribute
+@var{attrib}
+is in use, the specified attribute/color modifier is also applied. If no
+modifier is given, the current one is deleted. See the chapter
+about string escapes (@pxref{String Escapes}) for the syntax of
+the modifier. @code{Screen} understands two pseudo-attributes, @code{i}
+stands for high-intensity foreground color and @code{I} for
+high-intensity background color.
+
+@noindent 
+Examples:
+@table @code
+@item attrcolor b "R"
+Change the color to bright red if bold text is to be printed.
+@item attrcolor u "-u b"
+Use blue text instead of underline.
+@item attrcolor b ".I"
+Use bright colors for bold text. Most terminal emulators do this
+already.
+@item attrcolor i "+b"
+Make bright colored text also bold.
+@end table
+@end deffn
+
+@node Setsid, Eval, Attrcolor, Miscellaneous
+@section Setsid
+@deffn Command setsid state
+(none)@*
+Normally @code{screen} uses different sessions and process groups for
+the windows. If setsid is turned @code{off}, this is not done
+anymore and all windows will be in the same process group as the
+screen backend process. This also breaks job-control, so be careful.
+The default is @code{on}, of course. This command is probably useful
+only in rare circumstances.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Eval, Maxwin, Setsid, Miscellaneous
+@section Eval
+@deffn Command eval @var{command1} [@var{command2} ...]
+(none)@*
+Parses and executes each argument as separate command.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Maxwin, Backtick, Eval, Miscellaneous
+@section Maxwin
+@deffn Command maxwin @var{n}
+(none)@*
+Set the maximum window number screen will create. Doesn't affect 
+already existing windows. The number can be increased only when there are no
+existing windows.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Backtick, Screen Saver, Maxwin, Miscellaneous
+@section Backtick
+@deffn Command backtick @var{id} @var{lifespan} @var{autorefresh} @var{command} [@var{args}]
+@deffnx Command backtick @var{id}
+(none)@*
+Program the backtick command with the numerical id @var{id}.
+The output of such a command is used for substitution of the
+@code{%`} string escape (@pxref{String Escapes}).
+The specified @var{lifespan} is the number
+of seconds the output is considered valid. After this time, the
+command is run again if a corresponding string escape is encountered.
+The @var{autorefresh} parameter triggers an
+automatic refresh for caption and hardstatus strings after the
+specified number of seconds. Only the last line of output is used 
+for substitution.
+
+If both the @var{lifespan} and the @var{autorefresh} parameters
+are zero, the backtick program is expected to stay in the
+background and generate output once in a while.
+In this case, the command is executed right away and screen stores
+the last line of output. If a new line gets printed screen will
+automatically refresh the hardstatus or the captions.
+
+The second form of the command deletes the backtick command 
+with the numerical id @var{id}.
+@end deffn
+
+@node Screen Saver, Zmodem, Backtick, Miscellaneous
+@section Screen Saver
+@deffn Command idle [@var{timeout} [@var{cmd} @var{args}]]
+(none)@*
+Sets a command that is run after the specified number of
+seconds inactivity is reached. This command will normally
+be the @code{blanker} command to create a screen blanker, but
+it can be any screen command. If no command is specified,
+only the timeout is set. A timeout of zero (ot the special
+timeout @code{off}) disables the timer. If no arguments are
+given, the current settings are displayed.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command blanker
+(none)@*
+Activate the screen blanker. First the screen is cleared.
+If no blanker program is defined, the cursor is turned
+off, otherwise, the program is started and it's output is
+written to the screen. The screen blanker is killed with
+the first keypress, the read key is discarded.
+
+This command is normally used together with the @code{idle}
+command.
+@end deffn
+
+@deffn Command blankerprg [@var{program args}]
+Defines a blanker program. Disables the blanker program if an
+empty argument is given. Shows the currently set blanker program if no
+arguments are given.
+
+@end deffn
+
+@node Zmodem, , Screen Saver, Miscellaneous
+@section Zmodem
+@deffn Command zmodem [off|auto|catch|pass]
+@deffnx Command zmodem sendcmd [string]
+@deffnx Command zmodem recvcmd [string]
+(none)@*
+Define zmodem support for @code{screen}. @code{Screen} understands two
+different modes when it detects a zmodem request: @code{pass}
+and @code{catch}. If the mode is set to @code{pass}, screen will
+relay all data to the attacher until the end of the
+transmission is reached. In @code{catch} mode screen acts as a
+zmodem endpoint and starts the corresponding rz/sz commands.
+If the mode is set to @code{auto}, screen will use @code{catch} if
+the window is a tty (e.g. a serial line), otherwise it
+will use @code{pass}.
+
+You can define the templates screen uses in @code{catch} mode
+via the second and the third form.
+
+Note also that this is an experimental feature.
+@end deffn
+
+@node String Escapes, Environment, Miscellaneous, Top
+@chapter String Escapes
+@cindex string escapes
+Screen provides an escape mechanism to insert information like the
+current time into messages or file names. The escape character
+is @code{%} with one exception: inside of a window's hardstatus
+@code{^%} (@code{^E}) is used instead.
+
+Here is the full list of supported escapes:
+
+@table @code
+@item %
+the escape character itself
+@item a
+either @code{am} or @code{pm}
+@item A
+either @code{AM} or @code{PM}
+@item c
+current time @code{HH:MM} in 24h format
+@item C
+current time @code{HH:MM} in 12h format
+@item d
+day number
+@item D
+weekday name
+@item E
+sets %? to true if the escape character has been pressed.
+@item e
+encoding
+@item f
+flags of the window. @xref{Windows}, for meanings of the various flags.
+@item F
+sets %? to true if the window has the focus
+@item h
+hardstatus of the window
+@item H
+hostname of the system
+@item l
+current load of the system
+@item m
+month number
+@item M
+month name
+@item n
+window number
+@item P
+sets %? to true if the current region is in copy/paste mode
+@item s
+seconds
+@item S
+session name
+@item t
+window title
+@item u
+all other users on this window
+@item w
+all window numbers and names. With @code{-} qualifier: up to the current
+window; with @code{+} qualifier: starting with the window after the current
+one.
+@item W
+all window numbers and names except the current one
+@item y
+last two digits of the year number
+@item Y
+full year number
+@item ?
+the part to the next @code{%?} is displayed only if a @code{%} escape
+inside the part expands to a non-empty string
+@item :
+else part of @code{%?}
+@item =
+pad the string to the display's width (like TeX's hfill). If a
+number is specified, pad to the percentage of the window's width.
+A @code{0} qualifier tells screen to treat the number as absolute position.
+You can specify to pad relative to the last absolute pad position
+by adding a @code{+} qualifier or to pad relative to the right margin
+by using @code{-}. The padding truncates the string if the specified
+position lies before the current position. Add the @code{L} qualifier
+to change this.
+@item <
+same as @code{%=} but just do truncation, do not fill with spaces
+@item >
+mark the current text position for the next truncation. When
+screen needs to do truncation, it tries to do it in a way that
+the marked position gets moved to the specified percentage of
+the output area. (The area starts from the last absolute pad
+position and ends with the position specified by the truncation
+operator.) The @code{L} qualifier tells screen to mark the truncated
+parts with @samp{...}.
+@item @{
+attribute/color modifier string terminated by the next @code{@}}
+@item `
+Substitute with the output of a `backtick' command. The length
+qualifier is misused to identify one of the commands. @xref{Backtick}.
+@end table
+The @code{c} and @code{C} escape may be qualified with a @code{0} to
+make screen use
+zero instead of space as fill character.
+The @code{n} and
+@code{=} escapes understand
+a length qualifier (e.g. @code{%3n}), @code{D} and @code{M} can be
+prefixed with @code{L} to generate long names, @code{w} and
+@code{W} also show the window flags if @code{L} is given.
+
+An attribute/color modifier is used to change the attributes or the
+color settings. Its format
+is @samp{[attribute modifier] [color description]}. The attribute modifier
+must be prefixed by a change type indicator if it can be confused with
+a color description. The following change types are known: 
+@table @code
+@item +
+add the specified set to the current attributes
+@item -
+remove the set from the current attributes
+@item !
+invert the set in the current attributes
+@item =
+change the current attributes to the specified set
+@end table
+The attribute set can either be specified as a hexadecimal number or
+a combination of the following letters: 
+@table @code
+@item d
+dim
+@item u
+underline
+@item b
+bold
+@item r
+reverse
+@item s
+standout
+@item B
+blinking
+@end table
+Colors are coded either as a hexadecimal number or two letters specifying
+the desired background and foreground color (in that order). The following
+colors are known:
+@table @code
+@item k
+black
+@item r
+red
+@item g
+green
+@item y
+yellow
+@item b
+blue
+@item m
+magenta
+@item c
+cyan
+@item w
+white
+@item d
+default color
+@item .
+leave color unchanged
+@end table
+The capitalized versions of the letter specify bright colors. You can also
+use the pseudo-color @samp{i} to set just the brightness and leave the color
+unchanged.
+
+A one digit/letter color description is treated as foreground or
+background color dependent on the current attributes: if reverse mode is
+set, the background color is changed instead of the foreground color.
+If you don't like this, prefix the color with a @samp{.}. If you want
+the same behavior for two-letter color descriptions, also prefix them
+with a @samp{.}.
+
+As a special case, @samp{%@{-@}} restores the attributes and colors that
+were set before the last change was made (i.e. pops one level of the
+color-change stack).
+
+@noindent
+Examples:
+@table @samp
+@item G
+set color to bright green
+@item +b r
+use bold red
+@item = yd
+clear all attributes, write in default color on yellow background.
+@item %-Lw%@{= BW@}%50>%n%f* %t%@{-@}%+Lw%<
+The available windows centered at the current win dow and truncated to
+the available width. The current window is displayed white on blue.
+This can be used with @samp{hardstatus alwayslastline}.
+@item %?%F%@{.R.@}%?%3n %t%? [%h]%?
+The window number and title and the window's hardstatus, if one is set.
+Also use a red background if this is the active focus.
+Useful for @samp{caption string}.
+@end table
+
+
+@node Environment, Files, String Escapes, Top
+@chapter Environment Variables
+@cindex environment
+
+@table @code
+@item COLUMNS
+Number of columns on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).
+
+@item HOME
+Directory in which to look for .screenrc.
+
+@item LINES
+Number of lines on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).
+
+@item LOCKPRG
+Screen lock program.
+
+@item NETHACKOPTIONS
+Turns on @code{nethack} option.
+
+@item PATH
+Used for locating programs to run.
+
+@item SCREENCAP
+For customizing a terminal's @code{TERMCAP} value.
+
+@item SCREENDIR
+Alternate socket directory.
+
+@item SCREENRC
+Alternate user screenrc file.
+
+@item SHELL
+Default shell program for opening windows (default @file{/bin/sh}).
+See also @code{shell} .screenrc command.
+
+@item STY
+Alternate socket name. If @code{screen} is invoked, and the environment variable
+@code{STY} is set, then it creates only a window in the running @code{screen}
+session rather than starting a new session.
+
+@item SYSSCREENRC
+Alternate system screenrc file.
+
+@item TERM
+Terminal name.
+
+@item TERMCAP
+Terminal description.
+
+@item WINDOW
+Window number of a window (at creation time).
+@end table
+
+@node Files, Credits, Environment, Top
+@chapter Files Referenced
+@cindex files
+
+@table @file
+@item .../screen-4.?.??/etc/screenrc
+@itemx .../screen-4.?.??/etc/etcscreenrc
+Examples in the @code{screen} distribution package for private and
+global initialization files.
+
+@item @code{$SYSSCREENRC}
+@itemx /local/etc/screenrc
+@code{screen} initialization commands
+
+@item @code{$SCREENRC}
+@itemx @code{$HOME}/.iscreenrc
+@itemx @code{$HOME}/.screenrc
+Read in after /local/etc/screenrc
+
+@item @code{$SCREENDIR}/S-@var{login}
+
+@item /local/screens/S-@var{login}
+Socket directories (default)
+
+@item /usr/tmp/screens/S-@var{login}
+Alternate socket directories.
+
+@item @var{socket directory}/.termcap
+Written by the @code{dumptermcap} command
+
+@item /usr/tmp/screens/screen-exchange or
+@itemx /tmp/screen-exchange
+@code{screen} interprocess communication buffer
+
+@item hardcopy.[0-9]
+Screen images created by the hardcopy command
+
+@item screenlog.[0-9]
+Output log files created by the log command
+
+@item /usr/lib/terminfo/?/* or
+@itemx /etc/termcap
+Terminal capability databases
+
+@item /etc/utmp
+Login records
+
+@item @code{$LOCKPRG}
+Program for locking the terminal.
+@end table
+
+@node Credits, Bugs, Files, Top
+@chapter Credits
+
+@noindent
+Authors @*
+=======
+
+Originally created by Oliver Laumann. For a long time maintained
+and developed by Juergen Weigert, Michael Schroeder, Micah Cowan
+and Sadrul Habib Chowdhury. Since 2015 maintained and developed
+by Amadeusz Slawinski <amade@@asmblr.net>
+and Alexander Naumov <alexander_naumov@@opensuse.org>.
+
+@noindent
+Contributors @*
+============
+
+@verbatim
+     Maarten ter Huurne <maarten@treewalker.org>,
+     Jussi Kukkonen <jussi.kukkonen@intel.com>,
+     Thomas Renninger <treen@suse.com>,
+     Axel Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>,
+     Ken Beal <kbeal@@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com>,
+     Rudolf Koenig <rfkoenig@@informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,
+     Toerless Eckert <eckert@@informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,
+     Wayne Davison <davison@@borland.com>,
+     Patrick Wolfe <pat@@kai.com, kailand!pat>,
+     Bart Schaefer <schaefer@@cse.ogi.edu>,
+     Nathan Glasser <nathan@@brokaw.lcs.mit.edu>,
+     Larry W. Virden <lvirden@@cas.org>,
+     Howard Chu <hyc@@hanauma.jpl.nasa.gov>,
+     Tim MacKenzie <tym@@dibbler.cs.monash.edu.au>,
+     Markku Jarvinen <mta@@@{cc,cs,ee@}.tut.fi>,
+     Marc Boucher <marc@@CAM.ORG>,
+     Doug Siebert <dsiebert@@isca.uiowa.edu>,
+     Ken Stillson <stillson@@tsfsrv.mitre.org>,
+     Ian Frechett <frechett@@spot.Colorado.EDU>,
+     Brian Koehmstedt <bpk@@gnu.ai.mit.edu>,
+     Don Smith <djs6015@@ultb.isc.rit.edu>,
+     Frank van der Linden <vdlinden@@fwi.uva.nl>,
+     Martin Schweikert <schweik@@cpp.ob.open.de>,
+     David Vrona <dave@@sashimi.lcu.com>,
+     E. Tye McQueen <tye%spillman.UUCP@@uunet.uu.net>,
+     Matthew Green <mrg@@eterna.com.au>,
+     Christopher Williams <cgw@@pobox.com>,
+     Matt Mosley <mattm@@access.digex.net>,
+     Gregory Neil Shapiro <gshapiro@@wpi.WPI.EDU>,
+     Jason Merrill <jason@@jarthur.Claremont.EDU>,
+     Johannes Zellner <johannes@@zellner.org>,
+     Pablo Averbuj <pablo@@averbuj.com>.
+@end verbatim
+
+@noindent
+Version @*
+=======
+
+This manual describes version @value{version} of the @code{screen}
+program. Its roots are a merge of a custom version 2.3PR7 by Wayne
+Davison and several enhancements to Oliver Laumann's version 2.0.
+Note that all versions numbered 2.x are copyright by Oliver Laumann.
+
+See also @xref{Availability}.
+
+@node Bugs, Installation, Credits, Top
+@chapter Bugs
+@cindex bugs
+
+Just like any other significant piece of software, @code{screen} has a
+few bugs and missing features.  Please send in a bug report if you have
+found a bug not mentioned here.
+
+@menu
+* Known Bugs::                  Problems we know about.
+* Reporting Bugs::              How to contact the maintainers.
+* Availability::                Where to find the latest screen version.
+@end menu
+
+@node Known Bugs, Reporting Bugs,  , Bugs
+@section Known Bugs
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+@samp{dm} (delete mode) and @samp{xs} are not handled correctly (they
+are ignored).  @samp{xn} is treated as a magic-margin indicator.
+
+@item
+@code{screen} has no clue about double-high or double-wide characters. 
+But this is the only area where @code{vttest} is allowed to fail.
+
+@item
+It is not possible to change the environment variable @code{$TERMCAP}
+when reattaching under a different terminal type.
+
+@item
+The support of terminfo based systems is very limited. Adding extra
+capabilities to @code{$TERMCAP} may not have any effects.
+
+@item
+@code{screen} does not make use of hardware tabs.
+
+@item
+@code{screen} must be installed setuid root on most systems
+in order to be able to
+correctly change the owner of the tty device file for each window.
+Special permission may also be required to write the file
+@file{/etc/utmp}.
+
+@item
+Entries in @file{/etc/utmp} are not removed when @code{screen} is killed
+with SIGKILL.  This will cause some programs (like "w" or "rwho") to
+advertise that a user is logged on who really isn't.
+
+@item
+@code{screen} may give a strange warning when your tty has no utmp
+entry.
+
+@item
+When the modem line was hung up, @code{screen} may not automatically detach
+(or quit) unless the device driver sends a HANGUP signal. To detach such a 
+@code{screen} session use the -D or -d command line option.
+
+@item
+If a password is set, the command line options -d and -D still detach a 
+session without asking.
+
+@item
+Both @code{breaktype} and @code{defbreaktype} change the break generating
+method used by all terminal devices. The first should change a window
+specific setting, where the latter should change only the default for new
+windows.
+
+@item
+When attaching to a multiuser session, the user's @file{.screenrc} file is not
+sourced. Each users personal settings have to be included in the 
+@file{.screenrc} file from which the session is booted, or have to be 
+changed manually.
+
+@item
+A weird imagination is most useful to gain full advantage of all the
+features.
+@end itemize
+
+@node Reporting Bugs, Availability, Known Bugs, Bugs
+@section Reporting Bugs
+@cindex bug report
+
+If you find a bug in @code{Screen}, please send mail to
+@w{@samp{screen-devel@@gnu.org}}.  Include the version number
+of @code{Screen} which you are using.  Also include in your message the
+hardware and operating system, the compiler used to compile, a
+description of the bug behavior, and the conditions that triggered the
+bug. Please recompile @code{screen} with the @samp{-DDEBUG} options
+enabled, reproduce the bug, and have a look at the debug output written to
+the directory @file{/tmp/debug}. If necessary quote suspect passages from the
+debug output and show the contents of your @file{config.h} if it matters.
+
+@node Availability,  , Reporting Bugs, Bugs
+@section Availability
+@cindex availability
+
+@code{Screen} is available under the @code{GNU} copyleft.
+
+The latest official release of @code{screen} available via anonymous
+ftp from @samp{prep.ai.mit.edu}, @samp{nic.funet.fi} or any other
+@code{GNU} distribution site.  The home site of 
+@code{screen} is @samp{ftp.uni-erlangen.de
+(131.188.3.71)}, in the directory @file{pub/utilities/screen}.
+The subdirectory @samp{private} contains the latest beta testing release.
+If you want to help, send a note to screen-devel@@gnu.org.
+
+@node Installation, Concept Index, Bugs, Top
+@chapter Installation
+@cindex installation
+
+Since @code{screen} uses pseudo-ttys, the select system call, and
+UNIX-domain sockets/named pipes, it will not run under a system that
+does not include these features of 4.2 and 4.3 BSD UNIX.
+
+@menu
+* Socket Directory::		Where screen stores its handle.
+* Compiling Screen::
+@end menu
+
+@node Socket Directory,
+@section Socket Directory
+@cindex socket directory
+
+The socket directory defaults either to @file{$HOME/.screen} or simply to 
+@file{/tmp/screens} or preferably to @file{/usr/local/screens} chosen at 
+compile-time. If @code{screen} is installed
+setuid root, then the administrator should compile screen with an
+adequate (not NFS mounted) @code{SOCKDIR}. If @code{screen} is not
+running setuid-root, the user can specify any mode 700 directory in the
+environment variable @code{$SCREENDIR}.
+
+@node Compiling Screen,  , Socket Directory, Installation
+@section Compiling Screen
+@cindex compiling screen
+
+To compile and install screen:
+
+The @code{screen} package comes with a @code{GNU Autoconf} configuration 
+script. Before you compile the package run 
+
+@center @code{sh ./configure}
+
+This will create a @file{config.h} and @file{Makefile} for your machine.
+If @code{configure} fails for some reason, then look at the examples and
+comments found in the @file{Makefile.in} and @file{config.h.in} templates.
+Rename @file{config.status} to @file{config.status.@var{machine}} when
+you want to keep configuration data for multiple architectures. Running
+@code{sh ./config.status.@var{machine}} recreates your configuration 
+significantly faster than rerunning @code{configure}. 
+@*
+Read through the "User Configuration" section of @file{config.h}, and verify
+that it suits your needs.
+A comment near the top of this section explains why it's best to
+install screen setuid to root.
+Check for the place for the global @file{screenrc}-file and for the socket
+directory.
+@*
+Check the compiler used in @file{Makefile}, the prefix path where to install
+@code{screen}. Then run
+
+@center @code{make}
+
+If @code{make} fails to produce one of the files @file{term.h}, @file{comm.h}
+or @file{tty.c}, then use @code{@var{filename.x}.dist} instead.
+For additional information about installation of @code{screen} refer to the
+file @file{INSTALLATION}, coming with this package.
+
+@node Concept Index, Command Index, Installation, Top
+@unnumbered Concept Index
+
+@printindex cp
+
+@node Command Index, Keystroke Index, Concept Index, Top
+@unnumbered Command Index
+
+This is a list of all the commands supported by @code{screen}.
+
+@printindex fn
+
+@node Keystroke Index,  , Command Index, Top
+@unnumbered Keystroke Index
+
+This is a list of the default key bindings.
+
+The leading escape character (@pxref{Command Character}) has been omitted
+from the key sequences, since it is the same for all bindings.
+
+@printindex ky
+
+@bye
+
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