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+
+<h1>Constraint Conflict Resolution in SQLite</h1>
+
+<p>
+In most SQL databases, if you have a <a href="lang_createtable.html#uniqueconst">UNIQUE</a>, <a href="lang_createtable.html#notnullconst">NOT NULL</a>, or
+<a href="lang_createtable.html#ckconst">CHECK</a> constraint on
+a table and you try to do an <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> or <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> that violates
+the constraint, the database will abort the operation in
+progress, back out any prior changes associated with the same
+UPDATE or INSERT statement, and return an error.
+This is the default behavior of SQLite, though SQLite also allows one to
+define alternative ways for dealing with constraint violations.
+This article describes those alternatives and how to use them.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Conflict Resolution Algorithms</h2>
+
+<p>
+SQLite defines five constraint conflict resolution algorithms
+as follows:
+</p>
+
+<dl>
+<dt><b>ROLLBACK</b></dt>
+<dd><p>When a constraint violation occurs, an immediate ROLLBACK
+occurs, thus ending the current transaction, and the command aborts
+with a return code of SQLITE_CONSTRAINT. If no transaction is
+active (other than the implied transaction that is created on every
+command) then this algorithm works the same as ABORT.</p></dd>
+
+<dt><b>ABORT</b></dt>
+<dd><p>When a constraint violation occurs, the command backs out
+any prior changes it might have made and aborts with a return code
+of SQLITE_CONSTRAINT. But no ROLLBACK is executed so changes
+from prior commands within the same transaction
+are preserved. This is the default behavior for SQLite.</p></dd>
+
+<dt><b>FAIL</b></dt>
+<dd><p>When a constraint violation occurs, the command aborts with a
+return code SQLITE_CONSTRAINT. But any changes to the database that
+the command made prior to encountering the constraint violation
+are preserved and are not backed out. For example, if an UPDATE
+statement encountered a constraint violation on the 100th row that
+it attempts to update, then the first 99 row changes are preserved
+but change to rows 100 and beyond never occur.</p></dd>
+
+<dt><b>IGNORE</b></dt>
+<dd><p>When a constraint violation occurs, the one row that contains
+the constraint violation is not inserted or changed. But the command
+continues executing normally. Other rows before and after the row that
+contained the constraint violation continue to be inserted or updated
+normally. No error is returned.</p></dd>
+
+<dt><b>REPLACE</b></dt>
+<dd><p>When a UNIQUE constraint violation occurs, the pre-existing row
+that caused the constraint violation is removed prior to inserting
+or updating the current row. Thus the insert or update always occurs.
+The command continues executing normally. No error is returned.</p></dd>
+</dl>
+<p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink" data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/conflict.in?m=1ad44025d4">2022-01-08 05:02:57</a> UTC </small></i></p>
+