/* ** 2001-09-15 ** ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of ** a legal notice, here is a blessing: ** ** May you do good and not evil. ** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others. ** May you share freely, never taking more than you give. ** ************************************************************************* ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library ** presents to client programs. If a C-function, structure, datatype, ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite. ** ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as ** "experimental". Experimental interfaces are normally new ** features recently added to SQLite. We do not anticipate changes ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent. ** ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived ** from comments in this file. This file is the authoritative source ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate. ** ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in". ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as ** part of the build process. */ #ifndef SQLITE3_H #define SQLITE3_H #include /* Needed for the definition of va_list */ /* ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++. */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* ** Facilitate override of interface linkage and calling conventions. ** Be aware that these macros may not be used within this particular ** translation of the amalgamation and its associated header file. ** ** The SQLITE_EXTERN and SQLITE_API macros are used to instruct the ** compiler that the target identifier should have external linkage. ** ** The SQLITE_CDECL macro is used to set the calling convention for ** public functions that accept a variable number of arguments. ** ** The SQLITE_APICALL macro is used to set the calling convention for ** public functions that accept a fixed number of arguments. ** ** The SQLITE_STDCALL macro is no longer used and is now deprecated. ** ** The SQLITE_CALLBACK macro is used to set the calling convention for ** function pointers. ** ** The SQLITE_SYSAPI macro is used to set the calling convention for ** functions provided by the operating system. ** ** Currently, the SQLITE_CDECL, SQLITE_APICALL, SQLITE_CALLBACK, and ** SQLITE_SYSAPI macros are used only when building for environments ** that require non-default calling conventions. */ #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern #endif #ifndef SQLITE_API # define SQLITE_API #endif #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL # define SQLITE_CDECL #endif #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL # define SQLITE_APICALL #endif #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL #endif #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK # define SQLITE_CALLBACK #endif #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI # define SQLITE_SYSAPI #endif /* ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental. New applications ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards ** compatibility only. Application writers should be aware that ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases. ** ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that ** would generate warning messages when they were used. But that ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple ** noop macros. */ #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL /* ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file. */ #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION # undef SQLITE_VERSION #endif #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers ** ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^ ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^ ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also ** be larger than the release from which it is derived. Either Y will ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented ** and Z will be reset to zero. ** ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]), ** SQLite source code has been stored in the ** Fossil configuration management ** system. ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite ** within its configuration management system. ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree. If the source code has ** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last ** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()], ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()], ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()]. */ #define SQLITE_VERSION "--VERS--" #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER --VERSION-NUMBER-- #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID "--SOURCE-ID--" /* ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid ** ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION], ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file. ^(Cautious ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is ** compiled with matching library and header files. ** ** 
** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
**
)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION] ** macro. ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the ** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant. The sqlite3_libversion() ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have ** direct access to string constants within the DLL. ^The ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER]. ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro. Except if SQLite is built ** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters ** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^ ** ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()]. */ SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[]; const char *sqlite3_libversion(void); const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void); int sqlite3_libversion_number(void); /* ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics ** ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at ** compile time. ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used(). ** ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by ** returning the N-th compile time option string. ^If N is out of range, ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer. ^The SQLITE_ ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by ** sqlite3_compileoption_get(). ** ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used() ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time. ** ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma]. */ #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName); const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N); #else # define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0 # define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X) ((void*)0) #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe ** ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0. ** ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes. When ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe. When the ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0, ** the mutexes are omitted. Without the mutexes, it is not safe ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread. ** ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty. ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable ** the mutexes. But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled. ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled. ** ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro. ** ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag. If SQLite is compiled with ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()] ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]. ^(The return value of the ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe() ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^ ** ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information. */ int sqlite3_threadsafe(void); /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections} ** ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3". It is useful to think of an sqlite3 ** pointer as an object. The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()] ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors. There are many other ** interfaces (such as ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an ** sqlite3 object. */ typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3; /* ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64 ** ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers. ** ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions. ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards ** compatibility only. ** ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive. ^The ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive. */ #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64; # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64; # else typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64; # endif #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__) typedef __int64 sqlite_int64; typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64; #else typedef long long int sqlite_int64; typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64; #endif typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64; typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64; /* ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support, ** substitute integer for floating-point. */ #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT # define double sqlite3_int64 #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors ** for the [sqlite3] object. ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated ** resources are deallocated. ** ** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all ** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object. ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared ** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then ** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared ** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, ** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database ** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable ** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database ** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles ** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface ** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and ** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary. ** ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open, ** the transaction is automatically rolled back. ** ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)] ** must be either a NULL ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed. ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer ** argument is a harmless no-op. */ int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*); int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*); /* ** The type for a callback function. ** This is legacy and deprecated. It is included for historical ** compatibility and is not documented. */ typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**); /* ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()], ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL ** without having to use a lot of C code. ** ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded, ** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument, ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st ** argument. ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements. ^The 4th argument to ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each ** callback invocation. ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec() ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are ** ignored. ** ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and ** subsequent statements are skipped. ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter. ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()] ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed. ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to ** NULL before returning. ** ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec() ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and ** without running any subsequent SQL statements. ** ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the ** number of columns in the result. ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec() ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column. ^If an element of a ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer. ^The 4th argument to the ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each ** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained ** from [sqlite3_column_name()]. ** ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database ** is not changed. ** ** Restrictions: ** ** */ int sqlite3_exec( sqlite3*, /* An open database */ const char *sql, /* SQL to be evaluated */ int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**), /* Callback function */ void *, /* 1st argument to callback */ char **errmsg /* Error msg written here */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions} ** ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown ** here in order to indicate success or failure. ** ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite. ** ** See also: [extended result code definitions] */ #define SQLITE_OK 0 /* Successful result */ /* beginning-of-error-codes */ #define SQLITE_ERROR 1 /* Generic error */ #define SQLITE_INTERNAL 2 /* Internal logic error in SQLite */ #define SQLITE_PERM 3 /* Access permission denied */ #define SQLITE_ABORT 4 /* Callback routine requested an abort */ #define SQLITE_BUSY 5 /* The database file is locked */ #define SQLITE_LOCKED 6 /* A table in the database is locked */ #define SQLITE_NOMEM 7 /* A malloc() failed */ #define SQLITE_READONLY 8 /* Attempt to write a readonly database */ #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT 9 /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/ #define SQLITE_IOERR 10 /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */ #define SQLITE_CORRUPT 11 /* The database disk image is malformed */ #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND 12 /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */ #define SQLITE_FULL 13 /* Insertion failed because database is full */ #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN 14 /* Unable to open the database file */ #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL 15 /* Database lock protocol error */ #define SQLITE_EMPTY 16 /* Internal use only */ #define SQLITE_SCHEMA 17 /* The database schema changed */ #define SQLITE_TOOBIG 18 /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */ #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT 19 /* Abort due to constraint violation */ #define SQLITE_MISMATCH 20 /* Data type mismatch */ #define SQLITE_MISUSE 21 /* Library used incorrectly */ #define SQLITE_NOLFS 22 /* Uses OS features not supported on host */ #define SQLITE_AUTH 23 /* Authorization denied */ #define SQLITE_FORMAT 24 /* Not used */ #define SQLITE_RANGE 25 /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */ #define SQLITE_NOTADB 26 /* File opened that is not a database file */ #define SQLITE_NOTICE 27 /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */ #define SQLITE_WARNING 28 /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */ #define SQLITE_ROW 100 /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */ #define SQLITE_DONE 101 /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */ /* end-of-error-codes */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions} ** ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer ** [result codes]. However, experience has shown that many of ** these result codes are too coarse-grained. They do not provide as ** much information about problems as programmers might like. In an effort to ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8] ** and later) include ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled ** on a per database connection basis using the ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API. Or, the extended code for ** the most recent error can be obtained using ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()]. */ #define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8)) #define SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE (SQLITE_IOERR | (34<<8)) #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE (SQLITE_LOCKED | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB (SQLITE_LOCKED | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY (SQLITE_BUSY | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT (SQLITE_BUSY | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT (SQLITE_BUSY | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8)) #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */ #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8)) #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8)) #define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8)) #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8)) #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(12<<8)) #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8)) #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RBU (SQLITE_NOTICE | (3<<8)) #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8)) #define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8)) /* internal use only */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations ** ** These bit values are intended for use in the ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method. ** ** Only those flags marked as "Ok for sqlite3_open_v2()" may be ** used as the third argument to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface. ** The other flags have historically been ignored by sqlite3_open_v2(), ** though future versions of SQLite might change so that an error is ** raised if any of the disallowed bits are passed into sqlite3_open_v2(). ** Applications should not depend on the historical behavior. ** ** Note in particular that passing the SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag into ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] does *not* cause the underlying database file ** to be opened using O_EXCL. Passing SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE into ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] has historically be a no-op and might become an ** error in future versions of SQLite. */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY 0x00000001 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE 0x00000002 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE 0x00000004 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE 0x00000008 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE 0x00000010 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY 0x00000020 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI 0x00000040 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY 0x00000080 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB 0x00000100 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB 0x00000200 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB 0x00000400 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL 0x00000800 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL 0x00001000 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL 0x00002000 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL 0x00004000 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX 0x00008000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX 0x00010000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE 0x00020000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE 0x00040000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL 0x00080000 /* VFS only */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW 0x01000000 /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE 0x02000000 /* Extended result codes */ /* Reserved: 0x00F00000 */ /* Legacy compatibility: */ #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL 0x00004000 /* VFS only */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics ** ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods] ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods] ** refers to. ** ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of ** any size are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of ** nnn are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other ** way around. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls ** to xWrite(). The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a ** file that were written at the application level might have changed ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are ** guaranteed to be unchanged. The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open. The ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with ** elevated privileges. ** ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying ** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those ** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]. */ #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC 0x00000001 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512 0x00000002 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K 0x00000004 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K 0x00000008 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K 0x00000010 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K 0x00000020 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K 0x00000040 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K 0x00000080 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K 0x00000100 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND 0x00000200 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL 0x00000400 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN 0x00000800 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 0x00001000 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE 0x00002000 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC 0x00004000 /* ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels ** ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object. These values are ordered from ** lest restrictive to most restrictive. ** ** The argument to xLock() is always SHARED or higher. The argument to ** xUnlock is either SHARED or NONE. */ #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE 0 /* xUnlock() only */ #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED 1 /* xLock() or xUnlock() */ #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED 2 /* xLock() only */ #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING 3 /* xLock() only */ #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE 4 /* xLock() only */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags ** ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of ** these integer values as the second argument. ** ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage. Inode ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics. ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync(). ** ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL ** settings. The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms. ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code. ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX ** cares about the difference.) */ #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL 0x00002 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL 0x00003 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY 0x00010 /* ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle ** ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer]. Individual OS interface ** implementations will ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields ** for their own use. The pMethods entry is a pointer to an ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing ** I/O operations on the open file. */ typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file; struct sqlite3_file { const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods; /* Methods for an open file */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object ** ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object. ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object. ** ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed. The ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element ** to NULL. ** ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL]. The first choice is the normal fsync(). ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync. The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY] ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file ** and not its inode needs to be synced. ** ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of ** ** xLock() upgrades the database file lock. In other words, xLock() moves the ** database file lock in the direction NONE toward EXCLUSIVE. The argument to ** xLock() is always one of SHARED, RESERVED, PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE, never ** SQLITE_LOCK_NONE. If the database file lock is already at or above the ** requested lock, then the call to xLock() is a no-op. ** xUnlock() downgrades the database file lock to either SHARED or NONE. ** If the lock is already at or below the requested lock state, then the call ** to xUnlock() is a no-op. ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection, ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED, ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file. It returns true ** if such a lock exists and false otherwise. ** ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface. The second "op" argument is an ** integer opcode. The third argument is a generic pointer intended to ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to ** write return values. Potential uses for xFileControl() might be ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks. The SQLite ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use. ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available. ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts. VFS implementations should ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not ** recognize. ** ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the ** device that underlies the file. The sector size is the ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing ** other bytes in the file. The xDeviceCharacteristics() ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the ** underlying device: ** ** ** ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of ** any size are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of ** nnn are atomic. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other ** way around. The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls ** to xWrite(). ** ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros. A VFS that ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work. However, ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to ** database corruption. */ typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods; struct sqlite3_io_methods { int iVersion; int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*); int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst); int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst); int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size); int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags); int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize); int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int); int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int); int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut); int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg); int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*); int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*); /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */ int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**); int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags); void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*); int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag); /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */ int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp); int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p); /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */ /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode} ** ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()] ** interface. ** ** */ #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE 1 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE 2 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE 3 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO 4 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT 5 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE 6 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER 7 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED 8 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY 9 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL 10 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE 11 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME 12 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 13 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA 14 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER 15 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME 16 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE 18 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE 19 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED 20 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC 21 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO 22 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE 23 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK 24 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS 25 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU 26 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER 27 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER 28 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE 29 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB 30 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE 31 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE 32 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE 33 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT 34 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION 35 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT 36 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE 37 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES 38 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START 39 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER 40 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE 41 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE 42 /* deprecated names */ #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO /* ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle ** ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an ** abstract type for a mutex object. The SQLite core never looks ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex]. It only ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object. ** ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()]. */ typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex; /* ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk ** ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions]. This ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings ** on some platforms. */ typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines; /* ** CAPI3REF: File Name ** ** Type [sqlite3_filename] is used by SQLite to pass filenames to the ** xOpen method of a [VFS]. It may be cast to (const char*) and treated ** as a normal, nul-terminated, UTF-8 buffer containing the filename, but ** may also be passed to special APIs such as: ** ** */ typedef const char *sqlite3_filename; /* ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object ** ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system. The "vfs" ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system". See ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information. ** ** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto ** the end. Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field ** is incremented. The iVersion value started out as 1 in ** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2 ** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased ** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6]. Additional fields ** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value ** may increase again in future versions of SQLite. ** Note that due to an oversight, the structure ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from ** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0] ** and yet the iVersion field was not increased. ** ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file] ** structure used by this VFS. mxPathname is the maximum length of ** a pathname in this VFS. ** ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by ** the pNext pointer. The [sqlite3_vfs_register()] ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list ** in a thread-safe way. The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface ** searches the list. Neither the application code nor the VFS ** implementation should use the pNext pointer. ** ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs ** structure that SQLite will ever modify. SQLite will only access ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex. ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs ** object once the object has been registered. ** ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module. The name must ** be unique across all VFS modules. ** ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]] ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added. ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters. ** ^SQLite further guarantees that ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is ** called. Because of the previous sentence, ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason. ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen ** must invent its own temporary name for the file. ^Whenever the ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]. ** ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()]. Or if [sqlite3_open()] ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]. Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set. ** ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen() ** call, depending on the object being opened: ** ** )^ ** ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to ** change the way it deals with files. For example, an application ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make ** the open of a journal file a no-op. Writes to this journal would ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return ** SQLITE_IOERR. Or the implementation might recognize that a database ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly. ** ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method: ** ** ** ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be ** deleted when it is closed. ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient ** databases, and subjournals. ** ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open() ** API. The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists. ** It is not used to indicate the file should be opened ** for exclusive access. ** ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite ** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third ** argument to xOpen. The xOpen method does not have to ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in. Note that ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL. xOpen must do ** this even if the open fails. SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success ** or failure of the xOpen call. ** ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]] ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS] ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ] ** to test whether a file is at least readable. The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ ** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in ** VFSes of SQLite. The file is named by the second argument and can be a ** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some ** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of ** the file given in the second argument is illegal. If SQLITE_OK ** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate ** whether or not the file is accessible. ** ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the ** output buffer xFullPathname. The exact size of the output buffer ** is also passed as a parameter to both methods. If the output buffer ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value. ** ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64() ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are ** included in the VFS structure for completeness. ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes ** of good-quality randomness into zOut. The return value is ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained. ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at ** least the number of microseconds given. ^The xCurrentTime() ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as ** a floating point value. ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in ** a 24-hour day). ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable. ** ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces ** are not used by the SQLite core. These optional interfaces are provided ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult ** or impossible to induce. The set of system calls that can be overridden ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the ** next. Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change ** from one release to the next. Applications must not attempt to access ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3. */ typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs; typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void); struct sqlite3_vfs { int iVersion; /* Structure version number (currently 3) */ int szOsFile; /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */ int mxPathname; /* Maximum file pathname length */ sqlite3_vfs *pNext; /* Next registered VFS */ const char *zName; /* Name of this virtual file system */ void *pAppData; /* Pointer to application-specific data */ int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_filename zName, sqlite3_file*, int flags, int *pOutFlags); int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir); int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut); int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut); void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename); void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg); void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void); void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*); int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut); int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds); int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*); int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *); /* ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object ** definition. Those that follow are added in version 2 or later */ int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*); /* ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object. ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */ int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr); sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName); const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName); /* ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object. ** New fields may be appended in future versions. The iVersion ** value will increment whenever this happens. */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method ** ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. They determine ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for. ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method ** simply checks whether the file exists. ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within ** the directory). ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future ** release of SQLite. ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method ** checks whether the file is readable. The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of ** SQLite. */ #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS 0 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1 /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */ #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ 2 /* Unused */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method ** ** These integer constants define the various locking operations ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods]. The ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the ** xShmLock method: ** ** ** ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as ** was given on the corresponding lock. ** ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE. It cannot transition between SHARED ** and EXCLUSIVE. */ #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK 1 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK 2 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED 4 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE 8 /* ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index ** ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument. ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a ** lock outside of this range */ #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK 8 /* ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library ** ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the ** SQLite library. ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize(). ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and ** shutdown on embedded systems. Workstation applications using ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines. ** ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown(). ^(Only an effective call ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization. All other calls ** are harmless no-ops.)^ ** ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize(). ^(Only ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization. ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^ ** ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown() ** is not. The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a ** single thread. All open [database connections] must be closed and all ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking ** sqlite3_shutdown(). ** ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke ** sqlite3_os_init(). Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown() ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end(). ** ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success. ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK]. ** ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly. For example, [sqlite3_open()] ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized ** already. ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize() ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly ** prior to using any other SQLite interface. For maximum portability, ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize() ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface. Future releases ** of SQLite may require this. In other words, the behavior exhibited ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite. ** ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific ** initialization of the SQLite library. The sqlite3_os_end() ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init(). Typical tasks ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation ** of static resources, initialization of global variables, ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()]. ** ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init() ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly. The application should only invoke ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown(). The sqlite3_os_init() ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown(). Appropriate ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end() ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2. ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms] ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end(). An application-supplied ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end() ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon ** failure. */ int sqlite3_initialize(void); int sqlite3_shutdown(void); int sqlite3_os_init(void); int sqlite3_os_end(void); /* ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library ** ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of ** the application. The default configuration is recommended for most ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary. It is ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs. ** ** The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running. ** ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer ** [configuration option] that determines ** what property of SQLite is to be configured. Subsequent arguments ** vary depending on the [configuration option] ** in the first argument. ** ** For most configuration options, the sqlite3_config() interface ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()]. ** The exceptional configuration options that may be invoked at any time ** are called "anytime configuration options". ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] with a first argument that is not an anytime ** configuration option, then the sqlite3_config() call will return SQLITE_MISUSE. ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()]. ** ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK]. ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code]. */ int sqlite3_config(int, ...); /* ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration ** changes to a [database connection]. The interface is similar to ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument). ** ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...) is the ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured. ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb. ** ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if ** the call is considered successful. */ int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...); /* ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines ** ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite ** and low-level memory allocation routines. ** ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface. ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]. ** By creating an instance of this object ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]) ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its ** dynamic memory needs. ** ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators] ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications ** with specialized memory allocation requirements. This object is ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such ** conditions. ** ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library. ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup. ** ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc. The allocated size ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger. ** ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size. Most memory ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple ** of 8. Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2. ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()] ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup. If xRoundup returns 0, ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail. ** ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator. For example, ** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data ** structures. The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired ** by xInit. The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to ** xInit and xShutdown. ** ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe. The ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does ** not need to be threadsafe either. For all other methods, SQLite ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized. ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for ** serialization. ** ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening ** call to xShutdown(). */ typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods; struct sqlite3_mem_methods { void *(*xMalloc)(int); /* Memory allocation function */ void (*xFree)(void*); /* Free a prior allocation */ void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int); /* Resize an allocation */ int (*xSize)(void*); /* Return the size of an allocation */ int (*xRoundup)(int); /* Round up request size to allocation size */ int (*xInit)(void*); /* Initialize the memory allocator */ void (*xShutdown)(void*); /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */ void *pAppData; /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option} ** ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface. ** ** Most of the configuration options for sqlite3_config() ** will only work if invoked prior to [sqlite3_initialize()] or after ** [sqlite3_shutdown()]. The few exceptions to this rule are called ** "anytime configuration options". ** ^Calling [sqlite3_config()] with a first argument that is not an ** anytime configuration option in between calls to [sqlite3_initialize()] and ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] is a no-op that returns SQLITE_MISUSE. ** ** The set of anytime configuration options can change (by insertions ** and/or deletions) from one release of SQLite to the next. ** As of SQLite version 3.42.0, the complete set of anytime configuration ** options is: ** ** ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite. ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued. Applications ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that ** the call worked. The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option ** is invoked. ** **
** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
**
There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the ** [threading mode] to Single-thread. In other words, it disables ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used ** by a single thread. ^If SQLite is compiled with ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD ** configuration option.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
**
There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread. In other words, it disables ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects. ** The application is responsible for serializing access to ** [database connections] and [prepared statements]. But other mutexes ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same ** [database connection] at the same time. ^If SQLite is compiled with ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED
**
There are no arguments to this option. ^This option sets the ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables ** all mutexes including the recursive ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects. ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time. ** ^If SQLite is compiled with ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure. ** The argument specifies ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure. ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods] ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^ ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation ** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or ** tracks memory usage, for example.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC
**
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of ** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to ** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible. ** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations, ** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for ** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large ** allocations are avoided. This hint is normally off. **
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS
**
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int, ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational: **
    **
  • [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()] **
  • [sqlite3_memory_used()] **
  • [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] **
  • [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] **
  • [sqlite3_status64()] **
)^ ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory ** allocation statistics are disabled by default. **
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH
**
The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used. **
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE
**
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page ** cache implementation. ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]. ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz), ** and the number of cache lines (N). ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each ** page header. ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]. ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory, ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary. The pMem ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise ** subsequent behavior is undefined. ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer ** is exhausted. ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each ** additional cache line.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP
**
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise. ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP: ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory, ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size. ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation), ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]. ^If the ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs. ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined. ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure. ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used ** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes a copy of ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure. The ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods] ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^ ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance ** profiling or testing, for example. ^If SQLite is compiled with ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine ** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection]. ** The first argument is the ** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of ** slots allocated to each database connection.)^ ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE ** sets the default lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE] ** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside ** configuration on individual connections.)^
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object. This object specifies ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^ ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2
**
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object. SQLite copies of ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG
**
The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite ** global [error log]. ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*), ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event. ^If the ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op. ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger ** function whenever that function is invoked. ^The second parameter to ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an ** [extended result code]. ^The third parameter passed to the logger is ** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()]. ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface. ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger ** function must be threadsafe.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_URI **
^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int. ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero, ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], ** [sqlite3_open16()] or ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]]
SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN **
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer. ** ^The default setting is determined ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on" ** if that compile-time option is omitted. ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction ** when the optimization is enabled. Providing the ability to ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE **
These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code. ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops. **
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG **
This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int). ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case. An example of using this ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in ** the canonical SQLite source tree.
** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE **
^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit. ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control. ^(The maximum allowed mmap size ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^ ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is ** changed to its compile-time default. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE **
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ **
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler, ** target platform, and SQLite version. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ **
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded ** sorter to that integer. The default minimum PMA Size is set by the ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option. New threads are launched ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL **
^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold. ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes) ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk. ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held ** exclusively in memory. ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of ** I/O required to support statement rollback. ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE **
The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter ** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold. ** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according ** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the ** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type ** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger ** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a ** negative value for this option restores the default behavior. ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE **
The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter ** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory ** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()]. This default maximum ** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control]. If this ** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined ** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option. If that ** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824. ** ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW]] **
SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW **
The SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW option enables or disables the ability ** for VIEWs to have a ROWID. The capability can only be enabled if SQLite is ** compiled with -DSQLITE_ALLOW_ROWID_IN_VIEW, in which case the capability ** defaults to on. This configuration option queries the current setting or ** changes the setting to off or on. The argument is a pointer to an integer. ** If that integer initially holds a value of 1, then the ability for VIEWs to ** have ROWIDs is activated. If the integer initially holds zero, then the ** ability is deactivated. Any other initial value for the integer leaves the ** setting unchanged. After changes, if any, the integer is written with ** a 1 or 0, if the ability for VIEWs to have ROWIDs is on or off. If SQLite ** is compiled without -DSQLITE_ALLOW_ROWID_IN_VIEW (which is the usual and ** recommended case) then the integer is always filled with zero, regardless ** if its initial value. **
*/ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD 1 /* nil */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD 2 /* nil */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED 3 /* nil */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC 4 /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC 5 /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH 6 /* No longer used */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE 7 /* void*, int sz, int N */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP 8 /* void*, int nByte, int min */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS 9 /* boolean */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX 10 /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX 11 /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */ /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE 13 /* int int */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE 14 /* no-op */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE 15 /* no-op */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG 16 /* xFunc, void* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI 17 /* int */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 18 /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 19 /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20 /* int */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG 21 /* xSqllog, void* */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE 22 /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE 23 /* int nByte */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ 24 /* int *psz */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ 25 /* unsigned int szPma */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL 26 /* int nByte */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC 27 /* boolean */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE 28 /* int nByte */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE 29 /* sqlite3_int64 */ #define SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW 30 /* int* */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options ** ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that ** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface. ** ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite. ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued. Applications ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that ** the call worked. ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option ** is invoked. ** **
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE
**
^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the ** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection]. ** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory. ** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb ** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the ** size of each lookaside buffer slot. ^The third argument is the number of ** slots. The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than ** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments. The buffer ** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary. ^If the second argument to ** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally ** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8. ^(The lookaside memory ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words ** when the "current value" returned by ** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED],...) is zero. ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns ** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY
**
^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of ** [foreign key constraints]. There should be two additional arguments. ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement, ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on ** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back.
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER
**
^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers]. ** There should be two additional arguments. ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers, ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled ** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. ** **

Originally this option disabled all triggers. ^(However, since ** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP triggers are still allowed even if ** this option is off. So, in other words, this option now only disables ** triggers in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed ** databases.)^

** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW
**
^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views]. ** There should be two additional arguments. ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views, ** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled ** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in ** which case the view setting is not reported back. ** **

Originally this option disabled all views. ^(However, since ** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP views are still allowed even if ** this option is off. So, in other words, this option now only disables ** views in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed ** databases.)^

** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER
**
^This option is used to enable or disable the ** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the ** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension. ** There should be two additional arguments. ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or ** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting ** unchanged. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled ** following this call. The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in ** which case the new setting is not reported back.
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION
**
^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()] ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function. ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()]. ** There should be two additional arguments. ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled. If the first argument to ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled. ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the ** C-API or the SQL function. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface ** is disabled or enabled following this call. The second parameter may ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME
**
^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database ** schema. ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string ** which will become the new schema name in place of "main". ^SQLite ** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application ** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged ** until after the database connection closes. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE
**
Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a ** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no ** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to ** override this behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation ** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the ** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG
**
^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates ** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG). When the QPSG is active, ** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless ** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations ** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries ** slower. But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior. With ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as ** was used during testing in the lab. ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled ** following this call. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP
**
By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer - ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it, ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged. ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written ** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if ** it is not disabled, 1 if it is. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE
**
Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run ** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database ** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for ** a badly corrupted database file: **
    **
  1. If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the ** database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the ** database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any ** errors. This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep ** the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before ** the reset. **
  2. sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0); **
  3. [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0); **
  4. sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0); **
** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the ** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to ** help ensure that it does not happen by accident. Because this ** feature must be capable of resetting corrupt databases, and ** shutting down virtual tables may require access to that corrupt ** storage, the library must abandon any installed virtual tables ** without calling their xDestroy() methods. ** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the ** "defensive" flag for a database connection. When the defensive ** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled. The disabled ** features include but are not limited to the following: **
    **
  • The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement. **
  • The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement. **
  • The [PRAGMA schema_version=N] statement. **
  • Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table. **
  • Direct writes to [shadow tables]. **
**
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]]
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF]. ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema ** is enabled or disabled following this call. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates ** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it ** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04). See the ** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for ** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off ** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements ** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS] ** compile-time option. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements, ** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS] ** compile-time option. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to ** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content. ** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite ** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm ** including: **
    **
  • Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views, ** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes, ** partial indexes, or generated columns ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]. **
  • Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views ** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]. **
** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however ** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting ** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates ** the legacy file format flag. When activated, this flag causes all newly ** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte ** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1. This in turn ** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]). Without this setting, ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]). As these words are written, there ** is now scarcely any need to generate database files that are compatible ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with version ** 3.0.0. **

Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on, ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index. This is ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support ** either generated columns or descending indexes. **

** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS option is only useful in ** SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS builds. In this case, it sets or clears ** a flag that enables collection of the sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2() ** statistics. For statistics to be collected, the flag must be set on ** the database handle both when the SQL statement is prepared and when it ** is stepped. The flag is set (collection of statistics is enabled) ** by default. This option takes two arguments: an integer and a pointer to ** an integer.. The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or ** leave unchanged the statement scanstatus option. If the second argument ** is not NULL, then the value of the statement scanstatus setting after ** processing the first argument is written into the integer that the second ** argument points to. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER]] **
SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER
**
The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER option changes the default order ** in which tables and indexes are scanned so that the scans start at the end ** and work toward the beginning rather than starting at the beginning and ** working toward the end. Setting SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER is the ** same as setting [PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects]. This option takes ** two arguments which are an integer and a pointer to an integer. The first ** argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or leave unchanged the ** reverse scan order flag, respectively. If the second argument is not NULL, ** then 0 or 1 is written into the integer that the second argument points to ** depending on if the reverse scan order flag is set after processing the ** first argument. **
** **
*/ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME 1000 /* const char* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE 1001 /* void* int int */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY 1002 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER 1003 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE 1006 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG 1007 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP 1008 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE 1009 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE 1010 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA 1011 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE 1012 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML 1013 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL 1014 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW 1015 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT 1016 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA 1017 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS 1018 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER 1019 /* int int* */ #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX 1019 /* Largest DBCONFIG */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility. */ int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff); /* ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables) ** has a unique 64-bit signed ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column ** is another alias for the rowid. ** ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table] ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns ** zero. ** ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] ** ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning ** control to the user. ** ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^ ** ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this ** routine. ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK, ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this ** routine when their insertion fails. ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail. The ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change ** the return value of this interface.)^ ** ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back. ** ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function]. ** ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid], ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new ** last insert [rowid]. */ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value. ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R ** without inserting a row into the database. */ void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64); /* ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These functions return the number of rows modified, inserted or ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter. ** The two functions are identical except for the type of the return value ** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE ** or DELETE is greater than the maximum value supported by type "int", then ** the return value of sqlite3_changes() is undefined. ^Executing any other ** type of SQL statement does not modify the value returned by these functions. ** ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers], ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted. ** ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real ** tables are counted. ** ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially: ** ** ** ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing. ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger. ** ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned ** is unpredictable and not meaningful. ** ** See also: ** */ int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These functions return the total number of rows inserted, modified or ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as ** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the ** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the ** connection exceeds the maximum value supported by type "int", then ** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing ** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by ** sqlite3_total_changes(). ** ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers ** are not counted. ** ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number ** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database ** connection D. Any changes by other database connections are ignored. ** To detect changes against a database file from other database ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]. ** ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful. ** ** See also: ** */ int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel" ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt ** immediately. ** ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the ** thread that is currently running the database operation. But it ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns. ** ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion. ** ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]. ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction ** will be rolled back automatically. ** ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete. ^Any new SQL statements ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call. ^New SQL statements ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt(). ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_is_interrupted(D)] interface can be used to determine whether ** or not an interrupt is currently in effect for [database connection] D. ** It returns 1 if an interrupt is currently in effect, or 0 otherwise. */ void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*); int sqlite3_is_interrupted(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete ** ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into ** SQLite for parsing. ^These routines return 1 if the input string ** appears to be a complete SQL statement. ^A statement is judged to be ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement. ^Semicolons that are embedded within ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator. ^Whitespace ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored. ** ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete. ^If a ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. ** ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL. ** ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16(). If that initialization fails, ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^ ** ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated ** UTF-8 string. ** ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated ** UTF-16 string in native byte order. */ int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql); int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql); /* ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler} ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with ** [database connection] D when another thread ** or process has the table locked. ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout]. ** ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. ^If the busy callback ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments. ** ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler(). ^The second argument to ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has ** been invoked previously for the same locking event. ^If the ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned ** to the application. ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats. ** ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY] ** to the application instead of invoking the ** busy handler. ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying ** to promote to an exclusive lock. The first process cannot proceed ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot ** proceed because it is blocked by the first. If both processes ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress. Therefore, ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow ** the second process to proceed. ** ** ^The default busy callback is NULL. ** ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each ** [database connection]. Setting a new busy handler clears any ** previously set handler.)^ ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler. ** ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the ** database connection that invoked the busy handler. In other words, ** the busy handler is not reentrant. Any such actions ** result in undefined behavior. ** ** A busy handler must not close the database connection ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler. */ int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked. ^The handler ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping ** have accumulated. ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping, ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ** ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero ** turns off all busy handlers. ** ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular ** [database connection] at any given moment. If another busy handler ** was defined (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^ ** ** See also: [PRAGMA busy_timeout] */ int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms); /* ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility. ** Use of this interface is not recommended. ** ** Definition: A result table is memory data structure created by the ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface. A result table records the ** complete query results from one or more queries. ** ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns. But ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself. These ** numbers are obtained separately. Let N be the number of rows ** and M be the number of columns. ** ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings. ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array. The first M pointers point ** to zero-terminated strings that contain the names of the columns. ** The remaining entries all point to query results. NULL values result ** in NULL pointers. All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()]. ** ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations. ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()]. ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()]. ** ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result ** is as follows: ** ** 
**        Name        | Age
**        -----------------------
**        Alice       | 43
**        Bob         | 28
**        Cindy       | 21
**
** ** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3). Thus the ** result table has 8 entries. Suppose the result table is stored ** in an array named azResult. Then azResult holds this content: ** ** 
**        azResult[0] = "Name";
**        azResult[1] = "Age";
**        azResult[2] = "Alice";
**        azResult[3] = "43";
**        azResult[4] = "Bob";
**        azResult[5] = "28";
**        azResult[6] = "Cindy";
**        azResult[7] = "21";
**
)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter. ** ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(), ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to ** release the memory that was malloced. Because of the way the ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly. Only ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely. ** ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around ** [sqlite3_exec()]. The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access ** to any internal data structures of SQLite. It uses only the public ** interface defined here. As a consequence, errors that occur in the ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or ** [sqlite3_errmsg()]. */ int sqlite3_get_table( sqlite3 *db, /* An open database */ const char *zSql, /* SQL to be evaluated */ char ***pazResult, /* Results of the query */ int *pnRow, /* Number of result rows written here */ int *pnColumn, /* Number of result columns written here */ char **pzErrmsg /* Error msg written here */ ); void sqlite3_free_table(char **result); /* ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions ** ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions ** from the standard C library. ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from ** the standard library printf() ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]). ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details. ** ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]. ** The strings returned by these two routines should be ** released by [sqlite3_free()]. ^Both routines return a ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough ** memory to hold the resulting string. ** ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from ** the standard C library. The result is written into the ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^ This is an ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking ** backwards compatibility. ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf() ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^ We admit that ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf() ** now without breaking compatibility. ** ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf() ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated. ^The first ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for ** the zero terminator. So the longest string that can be completely ** written will be n-1 characters. ** ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf(). ** ** See also: [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function] */ char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...); char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list); char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...); char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list); /* ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem ** ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence ** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation. The ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations. ** ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter. ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer. ^If the parameter N to ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns ** a NULL pointer. ** ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead ** of a signed 32-bit integer. ** ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so ** that it might be reused. ^The sqlite3_free() routine is ** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer. Passing a NULL pointer ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless. After being freed, memory ** should neither be read nor written. Even reading previously freed ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error. ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc(). ** ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes. ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling ** sqlite3_malloc(N). ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling ** sqlite3_free(X). ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available. ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes ** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed. ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the ** prior allocation is not freed. ** ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead ** of a 32-bit signed integer. ** ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(), ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes. ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number ** of bytes requested when X was allocated. ^If X is a NULL pointer then ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero. If X points to something that is not ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful. ** ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(), ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64() ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time ** option is used. ** ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()] ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have ** not yet been released. ** ** The application must not read or write any part of ** a block of memory after it has been released using ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()]. */ void *sqlite3_malloc(int); void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64); void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int); void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64); void sqlite3_free(void*); sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics ** ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()] ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed). ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark ** was last reset. ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()], ** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call. ** ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true. ^The value returned ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark ** prior to the reset. */ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag); /* ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator ** ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID]. The PRNG is also used for ** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions. This interface allows ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes. ** ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P. ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer. ** ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object. ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness ** method. */ void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P); /* ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback} ** ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument. ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. ^At various ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to ** see if those actions are allowed. ^The authorizer callback should ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be ** rejected with an error. ^If the authorizer callback returns ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY] ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered ** the authorizer will fail with an error message. ** ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation ** requested is ok. ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that ** access is denied. ** ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters ** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings ** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized. ** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any ** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback. ** ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ] ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned. The [SQLITE_IGNORE] ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual ** columns of a table. ** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are ** extracted from that table (for example in a query like ** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback ** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string. ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually. ** ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing] ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database. For ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database. But the application does ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the ** database. An authorizer could then be put in place while the ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements. ** ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()] ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA] ** in addition to using an authorizer. ** ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection ** at a time. Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the ** previous call.)^ ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback. ** The authorizer is disabled by default. ** ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback. ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. ** ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a ** schema change. Hence, the application should ensure that the ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()]. ** ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants. Authorization is not ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change. */ int sqlite3_set_authorizer( sqlite3*, int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*), void *pUserData ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes ** ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted. See the ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional ** information. ** ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode] ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface. */ #define SQLITE_DENY 1 /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */ #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes ** ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions. The ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies ** what action is being authorized. These are the integer action codes that ** the authorizer callback may be passed. ** ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be ** authorized. The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these ** codes is used as the second parameter. ^(The 5th parameter to the ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp", ** etc.) if applicable.)^ ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from ** top-level SQL code. */ /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/ #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX 1 /* Index Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE 2 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX 3 /* Index Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE 4 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER 5 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW 6 /* View Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER 7 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW 8 /* View Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_DELETE 9 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX 10 /* Index Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE 11 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX 12 /* Index Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE 13 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER 14 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW 15 /* View Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER 16 /* Trigger Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW 17 /* View Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_INSERT 18 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_PRAGMA 19 /* Pragma Name 1st arg or NULL */ #define SQLITE_READ 20 /* Table Name Column Name */ #define SQLITE_SELECT 21 /* NULL NULL */ #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION 22 /* Operation NULL */ #define SQLITE_UPDATE 23 /* Table Name Column Name */ #define SQLITE_ATTACH 24 /* Filename NULL */ #define SQLITE_DETACH 25 /* Database Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE 26 /* Database Name Table Name */ #define SQLITE_REINDEX 27 /* Index Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_ANALYZE 28 /* Table Name NULL */ #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE 29 /* Table Name Module Name */ #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE 30 /* Table Name Module Name */ #define SQLITE_FUNCTION 31 /* NULL Function Name */ #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT 32 /* Operation Savepoint Name */ #define SQLITE_COPY 0 /* No longer used */ #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE 33 /* NULL NULL */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Tracing And Profiling Functions ** DEPRECATED ** ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface ** instead of the routines described here. ** ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements. ** ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()]. ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing. ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur ** as each triggered subprogram is entered. The callbacks for triggers ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^ ** ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace(). ** ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked ** as each SQL statement finishes. ^The profile callback contains ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time ** of how long that statement took to run. ^The profile callback ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant ** digits in the time are meaningless. Future versions of SQLite ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback. Invoking ** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the ** profile callback. */ SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*); SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*, void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE ** ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic. The M argument ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of ** the following constants. ^The first argument to the trace callback ** is one of the following constants. ** ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases. ** ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X). ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above. ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()]. ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T. ** **
** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]]
SQLITE_TRACE_STMT
**
^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger. ^The callback can compute ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()] ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise. ** ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]]
SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE
**
^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback. ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is approximately ** the number of nanoseconds that the prepared statement took to run. ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes. ** ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]]
SQLITE_TRACE_ROW
**
^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared ** statement generates a single row of result. ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the ** X argument is unused. ** ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]]
SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE
**
^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database ** connection closes. ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object ** and the X argument is unused. **
*/ #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT 0x01 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE 0x02 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW 0x04 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE 0x08 /* ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M ** and context pointer P. ^If the X callback is ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled. The ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants. ** ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) ** overrides (cancels) all prior calls to sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or ** sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) for the [database connection] D. Each ** database connection may have at most one trace callback. ** ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by ** mask M occur. ^The integer return value from the callback is currently ** ignored, though this may change in future releases. Callback ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility. ** ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X). ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE] ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked. ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer. ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T. ** ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which ** are deprecated. */ int sqlite3_trace_v2( sqlite3*, unsigned uMask, int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*), void *pCtx ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to ** [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_prepare()] and similar for ** database connection D. An example use for this ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query. ** ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the ** callback function X. ^The parameter N is the approximate number of ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive ** invocations of the callback X. ^If N is less than one then the progress ** handler is disabled. ** ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the ** old one. ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler. ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less ** than 1. ** ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is ** interrupted. This feature can be used to implement a ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box. ** ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler. ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. ** ** The progress handler callback would originally only be invoked from the ** bytecode engine. It still might be invoked during [sqlite3_prepare()] ** and similar because those routines might force a reparse of the schema ** which involves running the bytecode engine. However, beginning with ** SQLite version 3.41.0, the progress handler callback might also be ** invoked directly from [sqlite3_prepare()] while analyzing and generating ** code for complex queries. */ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3 ** ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs. The only exception is that ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object, ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3] ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned. Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any ** of the sqlite3_open() routines. ** ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). ^The default encoding for databases ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order. ** ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required. ** ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open() ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control ** over the new database connection. ^(The flags parameter to ** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following ** three flag combinations:)^ ** **
** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]
**
The database is opened in read-only mode. If the database does ** not already exist, an error is returned.
)^ ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]
**
The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or ** reading only if the file is write protected by the operating ** system. In either case the database must already exist, otherwise ** an error is returned. For historical reasons, if opening in ** read-write mode fails due to OS-level permissions, an attempt is ** made to open it in read-only mode. [sqlite3_db_readonly()] can be ** used to determine whether the database is actually ** read-write.
)^ ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]
**
The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().
)^ **
** ** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are ** also supported: ** **
** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]
**
The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.
)^ ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]
**
The database will be opened as an in-memory database. The database ** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing, ** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored. **
)^ ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]
**
The new database connection will use the "multi-thread" ** [threading mode].)^ This means that separate threads are allowed ** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using ** a different [database connection]. ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]
**
The new database connection will use the "serialized" ** [threading mode].)^ This means the multiple threads can safely ** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time. ** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode ** there is no harm in trying.) ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]
**
The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding ** the default shared cache setting provided by ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^ ** The [use of shared cache mode is discouraged] and hence shared cache ** capabilities may be omitted from many builds of SQLite. In such cases, ** this option is a no-op. ** ** ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]
**
The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding ** the default shared cache setting provided by ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^ ** ** [[OPEN_EXRESCODE]] ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE]
**
The database connection comes up in "extended result code mode". ** In other words, the database behaves has if ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(db,1)] where called on the database ** connection as soon as the connection is created. In addition to setting ** the extended result code mode, this flag also causes [sqlite3_open_v2()] ** to return an extended result code.
** ** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(
[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]
**
The database filename is not allowed to contain a symbolic link
**
)^ ** ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the ** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits] ** then the behavior is undefined. Historic versions of SQLite ** have silently ignored surplus bits in the flags parameter to ** sqlite3_open_v2(), however that behavior might not be carried through ** into future versions of SQLite and so applications should not rely ** upon it. Note in particular that the SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag is a no-op ** for sqlite3_open_v2(). The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE does *not* cause ** the open to fail if the database already exists. The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE ** flag is intended for use by the [sqlite3_vfs|VFS interface] only, and not ** by sqlite3_open_v2(). ** ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that ** the new database connection should use. ^If the fourth parameter is ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used. ** ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database ** is created for the connection. ^This in-memory database will vanish when ** the database connection is closed. Future versions of SQLite might ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character. ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as ** "./" to avoid ambiguity. ** ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary ** on-disk database will be created. ^This private database will be ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed. ** ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]]

URI Filenames

** ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is ** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option. ** URI filename interpretation is turned off ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename ** interpretation by default. See "[URI filenames]" for additional ** information. ** ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if ** present, is ignored. ** ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character, ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI) ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path. ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^ ** ** [[core URI query parameters]] ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation]. ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the ** following query parameters: ** ** ** ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an ** error. Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query ** parameters. See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for ** additional information. ** ** [[URI filename examples]]

URI filename examples

** ** **
URI filenames Results **
file:data.db ** Open the file "data.db" in the current directory. **
file:/home/fred/data.db
** file:///home/fred/data.db
** file://localhost/home/fred/data.db
** Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db". **
file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db ** An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority. **
** file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db ** Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive ** C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly ** necessary - space characters can be used literally ** in URI filenames. **
file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private ** Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access. ** Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by ** default, use a private cache. **
file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile ** Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile" ** that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking. **
file:data.db?mode=readonly ** An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter. ** Use "ro" instead: "file:data.db?mode=ro". **
** ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding, ** the results are undefined. ** ** Note to Windows users: The encoding used for the filename argument ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever ** codepage is currently defined. Filenames containing international ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). ** ** Note to Windows Runtime users: The temporary directory must be set ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2(). Otherwise, various ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory] */ int sqlite3_open( const char *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-8) */ sqlite3 **ppDb /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ ); int sqlite3_open16( const void *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-16) */ sqlite3 **ppDb /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ ); int sqlite3_open_v2( const char *filename, /* Database filename (UTF-8) */ sqlite3 **ppDb, /* OUT: SQLite db handle */ int flags, /* Flags */ const char *zVfs /* Name of VFS module to use */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters ** ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations], ** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter. ** ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to ** as F) must be one of: ** ** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is ** undefined and probably undesirable. Older versions of SQLite were ** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions. ** ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph) ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a ** query parameter on F. If P is a query parameter of F and it ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns ** a pointer to an empty string. ** ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value ** of P. The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number. The ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or ** if the value begins with a numeric zero. If P is not a query ** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0). ** ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not ** exist. If the value of P is something other than an integer, then ** zero is returned. ** ** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not ** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL ** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query ** parameters minus 1. The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and ** so forth. ** ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B. If F is not a NULL pointer and ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed ** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined ** and probably undesirable. ** ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F ** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file ** in addition to the main database file. Prior to version 3.31.0, these ** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file. ** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file, ** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the ** main database file. ** ** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information. */ const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(sqlite3_filename z, const char *zParam); int sqlite3_uri_boolean(sqlite3_filename z, const char *zParam, int bDefault); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(sqlite3_filename, const char*, sqlite3_int64); const char *sqlite3_uri_key(sqlite3_filename z, int N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Translate filenames ** ** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for ** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file, ** and the WAL file. ** ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F) ** returns the name of the corresponding database file. ** ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename ** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F) ** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file. ** ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file ** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database ** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then ** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding ** WAL file. ** ** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL ** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the ** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is ** undefined and is likely a memory access violation. */ const char *sqlite3_filename_database(sqlite3_filename); const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(sqlite3_filename); const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(sqlite3_filename); /* ** CAPI3REF: Database File Corresponding To A Journal ** ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is ** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file] ** object that represents the main database file. ** ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations ** only. It is not a general-purpose interface. ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that ** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]. Any other use ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable ** behavior. */ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames ** ** These interfaces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and ** are not useful outside of that context. ** ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of ** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and ** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P. The result from ** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that ** is safe to pass to routines like: ** ** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might ** return a NULL pointer. The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X) ** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y). ** ** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array ** of 2*N pointers to strings. Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds ** to a key and value for a query parameter. The P parameter may be a NULL ** pointer if N is zero. None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be ** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings. ** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may ** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings. ** ** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation ** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(). Invoking ** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op. ** ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap ** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called. This means ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y, ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be ** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y). */ sqlite3_filename sqlite3_create_filename( const char *zDatabase, const char *zJournal, const char *zWal, int nParam, const char **azParam ); void sqlite3_free_filename(sqlite3_filename); /* ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that ** API call. ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode() ** interface is the same except that it always returns the ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are ** disabled. ** ** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or ** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call. ** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never ** change the value of the error code. The error-code preserving ** interfaces include the following: ** ** ** ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively, ** or NULL if no error message is available. ** (See how SQLite handles [invalid UTF] for exceptions to this rule.) ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally. ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result. ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_errstr(E) interface returns the English-language text ** that describes the [result code] E, as UTF-8, or NULL if E is not an ** result code for which a text error message is available. ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally ** and must not be freed by the application)^. ** ** ^If the most recent error references a specific token in the input ** SQL, the sqlite3_error_offset() interface returns the byte offset ** of the start of that token. ^The byte offset returned by ** sqlite3_error_offset() assumes that the input SQL is UTF8. ** ^If the most recent error does not reference a specific token in the input ** SQL, then the sqlite3_error_offset() function returns -1. ** ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces. ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these ** interfaces always report the most recent result. To avoid ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed. ** ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface ** was invoked incorrectly by the application. In that case, the ** error code and message may or may not be set. */ int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db); int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db); const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*); const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*); const char *sqlite3_errstr(int); int sqlite3_error_offset(sqlite3 *db); /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements} ** ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated. ** ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program. The ** original SQL text is source code. A prepared statement object ** is the compiled object code. All SQL must be converted into a ** prepared statement before it can be run. ** ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this: ** **
    **
  1. Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]. **
  2. Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*() ** interfaces. **
  3. Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times. **
  4. Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back ** to step 2. Do this zero or more times. **
  5. Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()]. **
*/ typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt; /* ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited ** on a connection by connection basis. The first parameter is the ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried. The ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a ** class of constructs to be size limited. The third parameter is the ** new limit for that construct.)^ ** ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged. ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_NAME there is a ** [limits | hard upper bound] ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_NAME]. ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^ ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound. ** ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit. ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it, ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1. ** ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled ** by untrusted external sources. An example application might be a ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded ** off the Internet. The internal databases can be given the ** large, default limits. Databases managed by external sources can ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service ** attack. Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] ** interface to further control untrusted SQL. The size of the database ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]. ** ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases. */ int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal); /* ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories} ** ** These constants define various performance limits ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()]. ** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below. ** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite]. ** **
** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH
**
The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH
**
The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN
**
The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH
**
The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
**
The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP
**
The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program ** used to implement an SQL statement. If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG
**
The maximum number of arguments on a function.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED
**
The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^
** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]] ** ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH
**
The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or ** [GLOB] operators.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]] ** ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER
**
The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH
**
The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(
SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS
**
The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single ** [prepared statement] may start.
)^ **
*/ #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH 0 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH 1 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN 2 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH 3 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT 4 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP 5 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG 6 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED 7 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH 8 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER 9 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH 10 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS 11 /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags ** ** These constants define various flags that can be passed into ** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces. ** ** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite. ** **
** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(
SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT
**
The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to ** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of ** SQLite may act on this hint differently. ** ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]]
SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE
**
The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used ** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface. However, the ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all ** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this ** flag. ** ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]]
SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB
**
The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler ** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses ** any virtual tables. **
*/ #define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT 0x01 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE 0x02 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB 0x04 /* ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler} ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt ** ** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code ** program using one of these routines. Or, in other words, these routines ** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object. ** ** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]. The ** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided. ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used ** for special purposes. ** ** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently ** does all parsing using UTF-8. The UTF-16 interfaces are provided ** as a convenience. The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the ** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface. ** ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or ** [sqlite3_open16()]. The database connection must not have been closed. ** ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16. The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(), ** and sqlite3_prepare_v3() ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(), ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16. ** ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the ** number of bytes read from zSql. ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared ** statement is generated. ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that ** is the number of bytes in the input string including ** the nul-terminator. ** ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql. These routines only ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to ** what remains uncompiled. ** ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be ** executed using [sqlite3_step()]. ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set ** to NULL. ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL. ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it. ** ppStmt may not be NULL. ** ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK]; ** otherwise an [error code] is returned. ** ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(), ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs. ** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16()) ** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged. ** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to ** behave differently in three ways: ** **
    **
  1. ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY] ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error. **
    2. ** **
  2. ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed ** [error codes] or [extended error codes]. ^The legacy behavior was that ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()] ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately. **
    3. ** **
  3. ** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement, ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter]. ** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE] ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled. **
    4. **
** **

^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having ** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or ** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags. ^The ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as ** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter. */ int sqlite3_prepare( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); int sqlite3_prepare_v2( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); int sqlite3_prepare_v3( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const char *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const char **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); int sqlite3_prepare16( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); int sqlite3_prepare16_v2( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); int sqlite3_prepare16_v3( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const void *zSql, /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */ int nByte, /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */ unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */ sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt, /* OUT: Statement handle */ const void **pzTail /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was ** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with ** [bound parameters] expanded. ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8 ** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P. The ** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject ** to change. At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable ** placeholders. ** ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql() ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the ** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]. ** ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of ** bound parameter expansions. ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL. ** ** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) ** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared ** statement is finalized. ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand, ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be freed by the application ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()]. ** ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql() interface is only available if ** the [SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE] compile-time option is defined. */ const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to ** the content of the database file. ** ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect. ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would ** change the database file through side-effects: ** ** 

**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
**
** ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^ ** ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK], ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true, ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the ** database. ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make ** changes to the content of the database files on disk. ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands. ** ** ^This routine returns false if there is any possibility that the ** statement might change the database file. ^A false return does ** not guarantee that the statement will change the database file. ** ^For example, an UPDATE statement might have a WHERE clause that ** makes it a no-op, but the sqlite3_stmt_readonly() result would still ** be false. ^Similarly, a CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statement is a ** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() still returns false for such a statement. ** ** ^If prepared statement X is an [EXPLAIN] or [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] ** statement, then sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) returns the same value as ** if the EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prefix were omitted. */ int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the ** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the ** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN. ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is ** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer. */ int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Change The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** The sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) interface changes the EXPLAIN ** setting for [prepared statement] S. If E is zero, then S becomes ** a normal prepared statement. If E is 1, then S behaves as if ** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN]". If E is 2, then S behaves as if ** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]". ** ** Calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) might cause S to be reprepared. ** SQLite tries to avoid a reprepare, but a reprepare might be necessary ** on the first transition into EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN mode. ** ** Because of the potential need to reprepare, a call to ** sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) will fail with SQLITE_ERROR if S cannot be ** reprepared because it was created using [sqlite3_prepare()] instead of ** the newer [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] interfaces and ** hence has no saved SQL text with which to reprepare. ** ** Changing the explain setting for a prepared statement does not change ** the original SQL text for the statement. Hence, if the SQL text originally ** began with EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN, but sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,0) ** is called to convert the statement into an ordinary statement, the EXPLAIN ** or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN keywords will still appear in the sqlite3_sql(S) ** output, even though the statement now acts like a normal SQL statement. ** ** This routine returns SQLITE_OK if the explain mode is successfully ** changed, or an error code if the explain mode could not be changed. ** The explain mode cannot be changed while a statement is active. ** Hence, it is good practice to call [sqlite3_reset(S)] ** immediately prior to calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E). */ int sqlite3_stmt_explain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int eMode); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)]. ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer. If S is not a ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement] ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable. ** ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()] ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database ** connection that are in need of being reset. This can be used, ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared ** statements that are holding a transaction open. */ int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value} ** ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing ** for the values it stores. ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL. ** ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected". ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value. Other interfaces ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value. ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value. The ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value. ** ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not ** a mutex is held. An internal mutex is held for a protected ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected ** sqlite3_value object. If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0) ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD] ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably. However, ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required. ** ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected. ** ^The sqlite3_value objects returned by [sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value()] ** are protected. ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected. ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments ** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and ** [sqlite3_value_dup()]. ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects. */ typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value; /* ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object ** ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an ** sqlite3_context object. ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object ** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions]. ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()], ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()], ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()], ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()]. */ typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context; /* ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name} ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding} ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants, ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following ** templates: ** ** ** ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal, ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^ ^The values of these ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters") ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here. ** ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants. ** ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set. ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1. ^When the same named ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence. ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired. ^The index ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN. ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()] ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766). ** ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter. ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16() ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null(). ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text. ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text. ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then ** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is ** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16 ** otherwise. ** ** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of ** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) ** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in ** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^ ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD. ** ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the ** number of bytes in the parameter. To be clear: the value is the ** number of bytes in the value, not the number of characters.)^ ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16() ** is negative, then the length of the string is ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator. ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then ** the behavior is undefined. ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text() ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then ** that parameter must be the byte offset ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL ** terminated. If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will ** contain embedded NULs. The result of expressions involving strings ** with embedded NULs is undefined. ** ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces controls ** or indicates the lifetime of the object referenced by the third parameter. ** These three options exist: ** ^ (1) A destructor to dispose of the BLOB or string after SQLite has finished ** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even ** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if ** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative. ** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passed to indicate that ** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this ** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until ** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is ** bound to something else, whichever occurs sooner. ** ^ (3) The constant, [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], may be passed to indicate that the ** object is to be copied prior to the return from sqlite3_bind_*(). ^The ** object and pointer to it must remain valid until then. ^SQLite will then ** manage the lifetime of its private copy. ** ** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE] ** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter. If ** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior ** is undefined. ** ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that ** is filled with zeroes. ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed. ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose ** content is later written using ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines. ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB. ** ** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in ** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be ** associated with the pointer P of type T. ^D is either a NULL pointer or ** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the ** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using ** P. The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string ** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the ** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. ** ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()], ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE]. If any sqlite3_bind_() ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the ** result is undefined and probably harmful. ** ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine. ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL. ** ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an ** [error code] if anything goes wrong. ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH]. ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter ** index is out of range. ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. */ int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*)); int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64, void(*)(void*)); int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double); int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int); int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64); int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int); int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*)); int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64, void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding); int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*)); int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n); int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64); /* ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters] ** in a [prepared statement]. SQL parameters are tokens of the ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound] ** to the parameters at a later time. ** ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost) ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the ** number of unique parameters. If parameters of the ?NNN form are used, ** there may be gaps in the list.)^ ** ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. */ int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P. ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA" ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA" ** respectively. ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?" ** is included as part of the name.)^ ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters". ** ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0. ** ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is ** nameless, then NULL is returned. ^The returned string is ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()], ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()]. */ const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name. ^The ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()]. ^A zero ** is returned if no matching parameter is found. ^The parameter ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()], ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()]. */ int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName); /* ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement]. ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL. */ int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]). ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned. ^A SELECT statement ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()] */ int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement. ^The sqlite3_column_name() ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated ** UTF-16 string. ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement] ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the ** column number. ^The leftmost column is number 0. ** ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement] ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run ** or until the next call to ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column. ** ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a ** NULL pointer is returned. ** ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for ** that column, if there is an AS clause. If there is no AS clause ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from ** one release of SQLite to the next. */ const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N); const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in ** [SELECT] statement. ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string. ^The _database_ routines return ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and ** the origin_ routines return the column name. ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run ** or until the same information is requested ** again in a different encoding. ** ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the ** database, table, and column. ** ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement]. ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by ** the statement, where N is the second function argument. ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines. ** ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return ** NULL. ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error ** occurs. ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table, ** or column that query result column was extracted from. ** ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8. ** ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol. ** ** If two or more threads call one or more ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces] ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column ** at the same time then the results are undefined. */ const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement]. ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table ** column is returned.)^ ^If the Nth column of the result set is an ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned. ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded. ** ** ^(For example, given the database schema: ** ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT); ** ** and the following statement to be compiled: ** ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1; ** ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^ ** ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing. ^So just because a column ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the ** data stored in that column is of the declared type. SQLite is ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static. ^Type ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers ** used to hold those values. */ const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int); const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement. ** ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()], ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()]. The use of the ** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy ** interface will continue to be supported. ** ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY], ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE]. ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well. ** ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the ** database locks it needs to do its job. ^If the statement is a [COMMIT] ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the ** statement. If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before ** continuing. ** ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing ** successfully. sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual ** machine back to its initial state. ** ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW] ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions]. ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data. ** ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint ** violation) has occurred. sqlite3_step() should not be called again on ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()]. ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example, ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth) ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the ** [prepared statement]. ^In the "v2" interface, ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step(). ** ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately. ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE]. Or it could ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or ** more threads at the same moment in time. ** ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of ** sqlite3_step(). Failure to reset the prepared statement using ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from ** sqlite3_step(). But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1], ** sqlite3_step() began ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE]. This is not considered a compatibility ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error ** is broken by definition. The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior. ** ** Goofy Interface Alert: In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step() ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE]. You must call ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error. ** We admit that this is a goofy design. The problem has been fixed ** with the "v2" interface. If you prepare all of your SQL statements ** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces, ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly ** by sqlite3_step(). The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended. */ int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P. ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0. ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer. ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE]. ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum] ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step ** pragma returns 0 columns of data. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()] */ int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT ** ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes: ** ** )^ ** ** These constants are codes for each of those types. ** ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2 ** for a completely different meaning. Software that links against both ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not ** SQLITE_TEXT. */ #define SQLITE_INTEGER 1 #define SQLITE_FLOAT 2 #define SQLITE_BLOB 4 #define SQLITE_NULL 5 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT # undef SQLITE_TEXT #else # define SQLITE_TEXT 3 #endif #define SQLITE3_TEXT 3 /* ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions} ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** Summary: **
**
sqlite3_column_blob→BLOB result **
sqlite3_column_double→REAL result **
sqlite3_column_int→32-bit INTEGER result **
sqlite3_column_int64→64-bit INTEGER result **
sqlite3_column_text→UTF-8 TEXT result **
sqlite3_column_text16→UTF-16 TEXT result **
sqlite3_column_value→The result as an ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object. **
    **
sqlite3_column_bytes→Size of a BLOB ** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes **
sqlite3_column_bytes16   ** →  Size of UTF-16 ** TEXT in bytes **
sqlite3_column_type→Default ** datatype of the result **
** ** Details: ** ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current ** result row of a query. ^In every case the first argument is a pointer ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*] ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants) ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0. ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using ** [sqlite3_column_count()]. ** ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined. ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently. ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined. ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines ** are pending, then the results are undefined. ** ** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16) ** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format. If ** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example, ** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface ** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed. ** ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type ** of the result column. ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER], ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL]. ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value. ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no ** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question. ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type() ** is undefined, though harmless. Future ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type() ** following a type conversion. ** ** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes() ** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size ** of that BLOB or string. ** ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes() ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string. ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes. ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns ** the number of bytes in that string. ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero. ** ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16() ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string. ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes. ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns ** the number of bytes in that string. ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero. ** ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end ** of the string. ^For clarity: the values returned by ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters. ** ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(), ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated. ^The return ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer. ** ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text16() always have the endianness ** which is native to the platform, regardless of the text encoding set ** for the database. ** ** Warning: ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object. In a multithreaded environment, ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()]. ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()], ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe. ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface ** is normally only useful within the implementation of ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within ** top-level application code. ** ** These routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result. ** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the ** conversion automatically. ^(The following table details the conversions ** that are applied: ** **
** **
Internal
Type 		Requested
Type 		Conversion ** **
NULL INTEGER Result is 0 **
NULL FLOAT Result is 0.0 **
NULL TEXT Result is a NULL pointer **
NULL BLOB Result is a NULL pointer **
INTEGER FLOAT Convert from integer to float **
INTEGER TEXT ASCII rendering of the integer **
INTEGER BLOB Same as INTEGER->TEXT **
FLOAT INTEGER [CAST] to INTEGER **
FLOAT TEXT ASCII rendering of the float **
FLOAT BLOB [CAST] to BLOB **
TEXT INTEGER [CAST] to INTEGER **
TEXT FLOAT [CAST] to REAL **
TEXT BLOB No change **
BLOB INTEGER [CAST] to INTEGER **
BLOB FLOAT [CAST] to REAL **
BLOB TEXT [CAST] to TEXT, ensure zero terminator **
**
)^ ** ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated. ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur ** in the following cases: ** ** ** ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified. Other kinds ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated. ** ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines ** in one of the following ways: ** ** ** ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(), ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result. Do not mix calls ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16() ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes(). ** ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called. ^The memory space used to hold strings ** and BLOBs is freed automatically. Do not pass the pointers returned ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into ** [sqlite3_free()]. ** ** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion. ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory ** errors: ** ** ** ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value. ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect ** return value is obtained and before any ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection]. */ const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol); /* ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement]. ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors ** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns ** SQLITE_OK. ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or ** [extended error code]. ** ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S: ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has ** completed execution. ** ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op. ** ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid ** resource leaks. It is a grievous error for the application to try to use ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized. Any use of a prepared ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption. */ int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement] ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed. ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values. ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S ** back to the beginning of its program. ** ** ^The return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] indicates whether or not ** the previous evaluation of prepared statement S completed successfully. ** ^If [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S or if ** [sqlite3_step(S)] has not been called since the previous call ** to [sqlite3_reset(S)], then [sqlite3_reset(S)] will return ** [SQLITE_OK]. ** ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code]. ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface might also return an [error code] ** if there were no prior errors but the process of resetting ** the prepared statement caused a new error. ^For example, if an ** [INSERT] statement with a [RETURNING] clause is only stepped one time, ** that one call to [sqlite3_step(S)] might return SQLITE_ROW but ** the overall statement might still fail and the [sqlite3_reset(S)] call ** might return SQLITE_BUSY if locking constraints prevent the ** database change from committing. Therefore, it is important that ** applications check the return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] even if ** no prior call to [sqlite3_step(S)] indicated a problem. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S. */ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines} ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines") ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between ** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding ** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function() ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions ** needed by [aggregate window functions]. ** ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL ** function is to be added. ^If an application uses more than one database ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added ** to each database connection separately. ** ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or ** redefined. ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator. ^Note that the name ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes. ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned. ** ** ^The third parameter (nArg) ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]). If the third ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is ** undefined. ** ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for ** its parameters. The application should set this parameter to ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8] ** otherwise. ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for ** each encoding. ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion. ** ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement. Most SQL functions are ** deterministic. The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a ** function that is not deterministic. The SQLite query planner is able to ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible. ** ** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] ** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from ** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions, ** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes. ** ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be ** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of ** the database schema. This flags is especially recommended for SQL ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state. ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters ** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when ** the database file is opened and read. ** ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer. The implementation of the ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^ ** ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three ** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function ** callbacks. ** ** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in ** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation ** of aggregate window functions are ** [user-defined window functions|available here]. ** ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for ** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function ** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection ** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails. ^When the destructor callback is ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2(). ** ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings. ^SQLite will use ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the ** SQL function is used. ^A function implementation with a non-negative ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with ** a negative nArg. ^A function where the preferred text encoding ** matches the database encoding is a better ** match than a function where the encoding is different. ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is ** between UTF8 and UTF16. ** ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions. ** ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other ** SQLite interfaces. However, such calls must not ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared ** statement in which the function is running. */ int sqlite3_create_function( sqlite3 *db, const char *zFunctionName, int nArg, int eTextRep, void *pApp, void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*) ); int sqlite3_create_function16( sqlite3 *db, const void *zFunctionName, int nArg, int eTextRep, void *pApp, void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*) ); int sqlite3_create_function_v2( sqlite3 *db, const char *zFunctionName, int nArg, int eTextRep, void *pApp, void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*), void(*xDestroy)(void*) ); int sqlite3_create_window_function( sqlite3 *db, const char *zFunctionName, int nArg, int eTextRep, void *pApp, void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*), void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*), void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void(*xDestroy)(void*) ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings ** ** These constant define integer codes that represent the various ** text encodings supported by SQLite. */ #define SQLITE_UTF8 1 /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */ #define SQLITE_UTF16LE 2 /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */ #define SQLITE_UTF16BE 3 /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */ #define SQLITE_UTF16 4 /* Use native byte order */ #define SQLITE_ANY 5 /* Deprecated */ #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED 8 /* sqlite3_create_collation only */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags ** ** These constants may be ORed together with the ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()]. ** **
** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]]
SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives ** the same output when the input parameters are the same. ** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but ** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not. Functions must ** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as ** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns]. ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them ** out of inner loops. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]]
SQLITE_DIRECTONLY
** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked ** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses], ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns]. **

** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag is recommended for any ** [application-defined SQL function] ** that has side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive information. ** This will prevent attacks in which an application is tricked ** into using a database file that has had its schema surreptitiously ** modified to invoke the application-defined function in ways that are ** harmful. **

** Some people say it is good practice to set SQLITE_DIRECTONLY on all ** [application-defined SQL functions], regardless of whether or not they ** are security sensitive, as doing so prevents those functions from being used ** inside of the database schema, and thus ensures that the database ** can be inspected and modified using generic tools (such as the [CLI]) ** that do not have access to the application-defined functions. **

** ** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]]
SQLITE_INNOCUOUS
** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely ** to cause problems even if misused. An innocuous function should have ** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its ** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an ** innocuous function. ** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its ** side effects. **

SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not ** exactly the same. The [random|random() function] is an example of a ** function that is innocuous but not deterministic. **

Some heightened security settings ** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF]) ** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses], ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless ** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS. Most built-in functions ** are innocuous. Developers are advised to avoid using the ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the ** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially ** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks. **

** ** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]]
SQLITE_SUBTYPE
** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function might call ** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments. ** This flag instructs SQLite to omit some corner-case optimizations that ** might disrupt the operation of the [sqlite3_value_subtype()] function, ** causing it to return zero rather than the correct subtype(). ** SQL functions that invokes [sqlite3_value_subtype()] should have this ** property. If the SQLITE_SUBTYPE property is omitted, then the return ** value from [sqlite3_value_subtype()] might sometimes be zero even though ** a non-zero subtype was specified by the function argument expression. ** ** [[SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE]]
SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE
** The SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function might call ** [sqlite3_result_subtype()] to cause a sub-type to be associated with its ** result. ** Every function that invokes [sqlite3_result_subtype()] should have this ** property. If it does not, then the call to [sqlite3_result_subtype()] ** might become a no-op if the function is used as term in an ** [expression index]. On the other hand, SQL functions that never invoke ** [sqlite3_result_subtype()] should avoid setting this property, as the ** purpose of this property is to disable certain optimizations that are ** incompatible with subtypes. **
**
*/ #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC 0x000000800 #define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY 0x000080000 #define SQLITE_SUBTYPE 0x000100000 #define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS 0x000200000 #define SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE 0x001000000 /* ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions ** DEPRECATED ** ** These functions are [deprecated]. In order to maintain ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue ** to be supported. However, new applications should avoid ** the use of these functions. To encourage programmers to avoid ** these functions, we will not explain what they do. */ #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*); SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*); SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*); SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void); SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void); SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int), void*,sqlite3_int64); #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values ** METHOD: sqlite3_value ** ** Summary: **
**
sqlite3_value_blob→BLOB value **
sqlite3_value_double→REAL value **
sqlite3_value_int→32-bit INTEGER value **
sqlite3_value_int64→64-bit INTEGER value **
sqlite3_value_pointer→Pointer value **
sqlite3_value_text→UTF-8 TEXT value **
sqlite3_value_text16→UTF-16 TEXT value in ** the native byteorder **
sqlite3_value_text16be→UTF-16be TEXT value **
sqlite3_value_text16le→UTF-16le TEXT value **
    **
sqlite3_value_bytes→Size of a BLOB ** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes **
sqlite3_value_bytes16   ** →  Size of UTF-16 ** TEXT in bytes **
sqlite3_value_type→Default ** datatype of the value **
sqlite3_value_numeric_type   ** →  Best numeric datatype of the value **
sqlite3_value_nochange   ** →  True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE ** against a virtual table. **
sqlite3_value_frombind   ** →  True if value originated from a [bound parameter] **
** ** Details: ** ** These routines extract type, size, and content information from ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects. Protected sqlite3_value objects ** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that ** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables]. ** ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects. ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value] ** is not threadsafe. ** ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions] ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number. ** ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string ** in the native byte-order of the host machine. ^The ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively. ** ** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)] ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y), ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P. ^Otherwise, ** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. ** ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the ** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER], ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^ ** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object. ** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and ** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that ** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return ** SQLITE_TEXT. Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion ** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next. ** ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply ** numeric affinity to the value. This means that an attempt is ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point. If ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number) ** then the conversion is performed. Otherwise no conversion occurs. ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^ ** ** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if ** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation ** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if ** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted ** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably ** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column ** was unchanging). ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear ** to be a NULL value. If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other ** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then ** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless. ** ** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the ** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()] ** interfaces. ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column, ** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero. ** ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()], ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()]. ** ** These routines must be called from the same thread as ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters. ** ** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion. ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory ** errors: ** ** ** ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value. ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect ** return value is obtained and before any ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection]. */ const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*); double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*); void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*); const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*); const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*); const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*); const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*); int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Report the internal text encoding state of an sqlite3_value object ** METHOD: sqlite3_value ** ** ^(The sqlite3_value_encoding(X) interface returns one of [SQLITE_UTF8], ** [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE] according to the current text encoding ** of the value X, assuming that X has type TEXT.)^ If sqlite3_value_type(X) ** returns something other than SQLITE_TEXT, then the return value from ** sqlite3_value_encoding(X) is meaningless. ^Calls to ** [sqlite3_value_text(X)], [sqlite3_value_text16(X)], [sqlite3_value_text16be(X)], ** [sqlite3_value_text16le(X)], [sqlite3_value_bytes(X)], or ** [sqlite3_value_bytes16(X)] might change the encoding of the value X and ** thus change the return from subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_encoding(X). ** ** This routine is intended for used by applications that test and validate ** the SQLite implementation. This routine is inquiring about the opaque ** internal state of an [sqlite3_value] object. Ordinary applications should ** not need to know what the internal state of an sqlite3_value object is and ** hence should not need to use this interface. */ int sqlite3_value_encoding(sqlite3_value*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values ** METHOD: sqlite3_value ** ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V. The subtype ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from ** one SQL function to another. Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()] ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function. ** ** Every [application-defined SQL function] that invoke this interface ** should include the [SQLITE_SUBTYPE] property in the text ** encoding argument when the function is [sqlite3_create_function|registered]. ** If the [SQLITE_SUBTYPE] property is omitted, then sqlite3_value_subtype() ** might return zero instead of the upstream subtype in some corner cases. */ unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values ** METHOD: sqlite3_value ** ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value] ** object D and returns a pointer to that copy. ^The [sqlite3_value] returned ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not. ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a ** memory allocation fails. ^If V is a [pointer value], then the result ** of sqlite3_value_dup(V) is a NULL value. ** ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()]. ^If V is a NULL pointer ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op. */ sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*); void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state. ** ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance, ** the same buffer is returned. Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked. ^(When no rows match ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once. ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the ** first time from within xFinal().)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory ** allocation error occurs. ** ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is ** determined by the N parameter on first successful call. Changing the ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory ** allocation.)^ Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no ** pointless memory allocations occur. ** ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes. ** ** The first parameter must be a copy of the ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate ** function. ** ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which ** the aggregate SQL function is running. */ void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes); /* ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter) ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()] ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally ** registered the application defined function. ** ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which ** the application-defined function is running. */ void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter) ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()] ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally ** registered the application defined function. */ sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to ** associate auxiliary data with argument values. If the same argument ** value is passed to multiple invocations of the same SQL function during ** query execution, under some circumstances the associated auxiliary data ** might be preserved. An example of where this might be useful is in a ** regular-expression matching function. The compiled version of the regular ** expression can be stored as auxiliary data associated with the pattern string. ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same, ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple ** invocations of the same function. ** ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the auxiliary data ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument ** value to the application-defined function. ^N is zero for the left-most ** function argument. ^If there is no auxiliary data ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface ** returns a NULL pointer. ** ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as auxiliary data for the ** N-th argument of the application-defined function. ^Subsequent ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the auxiliary data is still valid or ** NULL if the auxiliary data has been discarded. ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL, ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly ** once, when the auxiliary data is discarded. ** SQLite is free to discard the auxiliary data at any time, including: ** ** Note the last two bullets in particular. The destructor X in ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns. Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata() ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the ** function implementation should not make any use of P after ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called. Furthermore, a call to ** sqlite3_get_auxdata() that occurs immediately after a corresponding call ** to sqlite3_set_auxdata() might still return NULL if an out-of-memory ** condition occurred during the sqlite3_set_auxdata() call or if the ** function is being evaluated during query planning rather than during ** query execution. ** ** ^(In practice, auxiliary data is preserved between function calls for ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^ ** ** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative. ** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new ** kinds of function caching behavior. ** ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which ** the SQL function is running. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_get_clientdata()] and [sqlite3_set_clientdata()]. */ void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N); void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*)); /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Client Data ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** These functions are used to associate one or more named pointers ** with a [database connection]. ** A call to sqlite3_set_clientdata(D,N,P,X) causes the pointer P ** to be attached to [database connection] D using name N. Subsequent ** calls to sqlite3_get_clientdata(D,N) will return a copy of pointer P ** or a NULL pointer if there were no prior calls to ** sqlite3_set_clientdata() with the same values of D and N. ** Names are compared using strcmp() and are thus case sensitive. ** ** If P and X are both non-NULL, then the destructor X is invoked with ** argument P on the first of the following occurrences: ** ** ** SQLite does not do anything with client data other than invoke ** destructors on the client data at the appropriate time. The intended ** use for client data is to provide a mechanism for wrapper libraries ** to store additional information about an SQLite database connection. ** ** There is no limit (other than available memory) on the number of different ** client data pointers (with different names) that can be attached to a ** single database connection. However, the implementation is optimized ** for the case of having only one or two different client data names. ** Applications and wrapper libraries are discouraged from using more than ** one client data name each. ** ** There is no way to enumerate the client data pointers ** associated with a database connection. The N parameter can be thought ** of as a secret key such that only code that knows the secret key is able ** to access the associated data. ** ** Security Warning: These interfaces should not be exposed in scripting ** languages or in other circumstances where it might be possible for an ** an attacker to invoke them. Any agent that can invoke these interfaces ** can probably also take control of the process. ** ** Database connection client data is only available for SQLite ** version 3.44.0 ([dateof:3.44.0]) and later. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_set_auxdata()] and [sqlite3_get_auxdata()]. */ void *sqlite3_get_clientdata(sqlite3*,const char*); int sqlite3_set_clientdata(sqlite3*, const char*, void*, void(*)(void*)); /* ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior ** ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()]. ^If the destructor ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant ** and will never change. It does not need to be destroyed. ^The ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of ** the content before returning. ** ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain ** C++ compilers. */ typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*); #define SQLITE_STATIC ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0) #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1) /* ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that ** implement SQL functions and aggregates. See ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()] ** for additional information. ** ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements. ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the ** third parameter. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N) ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified ** by its 2nd argument. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception. ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16() ** as the text of an error message. ^SQLite interprets the error ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using ** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()]. ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error ** message all text up through the first zero character. ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message. ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before ** they return. Hence, the calling function can deallocate or ** modify the text after they return without harm. ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function. ^By default, ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR. ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error() ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer ** value given in the 2nd argument. ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer ** value given in the 2nd argument. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value ** of the application-defined function to be NULL. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(), ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order, ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively. ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding ** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]. ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces. ** ^If the 3rd parameter to any of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces ** other than sqlite3_result_text64() is negative, then SQLite computes ** the string length itself by searching the 2nd parameter for the first ** zero character. ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined ** function result. If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would ** appear if the string where NUL terminated. If any NUL characters occur ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined. ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has ** finished using that result. ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content ** when it has finished using that result. ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns. ** ** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and ** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64() ** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a ** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the ** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the ** byte-order specified by the BOM. ^The byte-order specified by ** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order ** specified by the interface procedure. ^So, for example, if ** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins ** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the ** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input ** is interpreted as UTF16BE text. ** ** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(), ** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and ** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid ** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted ** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter. ^The ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value] ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm. ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface. ** ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it ** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()]. ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor ** for the P parameter. ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument ** when SQLite is finished with P. The T parameter should be a static ** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer() ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0. ** ** If these routines are called from within the different thread ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined. */ void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*, sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double); void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int); void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int); void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*); void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*); void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int); void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int); void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64); void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*); void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64, void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding); void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*); void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*)); void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n); int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n); /* ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function ** METHOD: sqlite3_context ** ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T. Only the lower 8 bits ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite; ** higher order bits are discarded. ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase ** in future releases of SQLite. ** ** Every [application-defined SQL function] that invokes this interface ** should include the [SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE] property in its ** text encoding argument when the SQL function is ** [sqlite3_create_function|registered]. If the [SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE] ** property is omitted from the function that invokes sqlite3_result_subtype(), ** then in some cases the sqlite3_result_subtype() might fail to set ** the result subtype. ** ** If SQLite is compiled with -DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1, then any ** SQL function that invokes the sqlite3_result_subtype() interface ** and that does not have the SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE property will raise ** an error. Future versions of SQLite might enable -DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1 ** by default. */ void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument. ** ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2() ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16(). ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are ** considered to be the same name. ** ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants: ** )^ ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed ** to the collating function callback, xCompare. ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order. ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin ** on an even byte address. ** ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback. ** ** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function. ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever ** function requires the least amount of data transformation. ** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is ** deleted. ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted, ** that collation is no longer usable. ** ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified ** by the eTextRep argument. The two integer parameters to the collating ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating ** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second, ** respectively. A collating function must always return the same answer ** given the same inputs. If two or more collating functions are registered ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings. ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all ** strings A, B, and C: ** **
    **
  1. If A==B then B==A. **
  2. If A==B and B==C then A==C. **
  3. If A<B THEN B>A. **
  4. If A<B and B<C then A<C. **
** ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that ** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite ** is undefined. ** ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation() ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when ** the collating function is deleted. ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()]. ** ** ^The xDestroy callback is not called if the ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails. Applications that invoke ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them. ** This is different from every other SQLite interface. The inconsistency ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards ** compatibility. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()]. */ int sqlite3_create_collation( sqlite3*, const char *zName, int eTextRep, void *pArg, int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*) ); int sqlite3_create_collation_v2( sqlite3*, const char *zName, int eTextRep, void *pArg, int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*), void(*xDestroy)(void*) ); int sqlite3_create_collation16( sqlite3*, const void *zName, int eTextRep, void *pArg, int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*) ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation ** sequence is required. ** ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API, ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used, ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order. ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback. ** ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or ** sqlite3_collation_needed16(). The second argument is the database ** connection. The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation ** sequence function required. The fourth parameter is the name of the ** required collation sequence.)^ ** ** The callback function should register the desired collation using ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()]. */ int sqlite3_collation_needed( sqlite3*, void*, void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*) ); int sqlite3_collation_needed16( sqlite3*, void*, void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*) ); #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD /* ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database. Unless ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work. */ void sqlite3_activate_cerod( const char *zPassPhrase /* Activation phrase */ ); #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time ** ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter. ** ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually ** requested from the operating system is returned. ** ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep() ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object. If the xSleep() method ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description ** in the previous paragraphs. ** ** If a negative argument is passed to sqlite3_sleep() the results vary by ** VFS and operating system. Some system treat a negative argument as an ** instruction to sleep forever. Others understand it to mean do not sleep ** at all. ^In SQLite version 3.42.0 and later, a negative ** argument passed into sqlite3_sleep() is changed to zero before it is relayed ** down into the xSleep method of the VFS. */ int sqlite3_sleep(int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files ** ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] ** will be placed in that directory.)^ ^If this variable ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate ** temporary file directory. ** ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable. ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT). ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications ** neither read nor write this variable. This global variable is a relic ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should ** be avoided in new projects. ** ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one ** thread at a time. It is not safe to read or modify this variable ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate ** thread. ** It is intended that this variable be set once ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged ** thereafter. ** ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]. ^Furthermore, ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory ** using [sqlite3_free]. ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc] ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided. ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to. If ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection] ** objects have been destroyed. ** ** Note to Windows Runtime users: The temporary directory must be set ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2]. Otherwise, various ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail. Here is an ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime: ** ** 
** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
**       TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
** char zPathBuf[MAX_PATH + 1];
** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
**       NULL, NULL);
** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
**
*/ SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory; /* ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files ** ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory ** for the process. Only the windows VFS makes use of this global ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS. ** ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is ** open can result in a corrupt database. ** ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one ** thread at a time. It is not safe to read or modify this variable ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate ** thread. ** It is intended that this variable be set once ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged ** thereafter. ** ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]. ^Furthermore, ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory ** using [sqlite3_free]. ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc] ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided. */ SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory; /* ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface ** ** These interfaces are available only on Windows. The ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated ** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to ** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter. The zValue parameter ** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free]; ** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc] ** prior to being used. The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns ** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported, ** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated. The value of the ** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for ** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is ** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP. The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the ** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be ** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively. */ int sqlite3_win32_set_directory( unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */ void *zValue /* New value for directory being set or reset */ ); int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue); int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue); /* ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types ** ** These macros are only available on Windows. They define the allowed values ** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface. */ #define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE 1 #define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE 2 /* ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode} ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode, ** respectively. ^Autocommit mode is on by default. ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement. ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]. ** ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR], ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the ** transaction might be rolled back automatically. The only way to ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after ** an error is to use this function. ** ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value ** is undefined. */ int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs. ^The [database connection] ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection] ** that was the first argument ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to ** create the statement in the first place. */ sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Return The Schema Name For A Database Connection ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_name(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the schema name ** for the N-th database on database connection D, or a NULL pointer of N is ** out of range. An N value of 0 means the main database file. An N of 1 is ** the "temp" schema. Larger values of N correspond to various ATTACH-ed ** databases. ** ** Space to hold the string that is returned by sqlite3_db_name() is managed ** by SQLite itself. The string might be deallocated by any operation that ** changes the schema, including [ATTACH] or [DETACH] or calls to ** [sqlite3_serialize()] or [sqlite3_deserialize()], even operations that ** occur on a different thread. Applications that need to ** remember the string long-term should make their own copy. Applications that ** are accessing the same database connection simultaneously on multiple ** threads should mutex-protect calls to this API and should make their own ** private copy of the result prior to releasing the mutex. */ const char *sqlite3_db_name(sqlite3 *db, int N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename ** associated with database N of connection D. ** ^If there is no attached database N on the database ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then ** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string. ** ** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by ** the database connection. ^The value will be valid until the database N ** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes. ** ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS]. ^In other words, the filename ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname. ** ** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it ** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines: ** */ sqlite3_filename sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not ** the name of a database on connection D. */ int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current ** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D. ^If S is NULL, ** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D ** is returned. Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest): **
    **
  1. SQLITE_TXN_NONE **
  2. SQLITE_TXN_READ **
  3. SQLITE_TXN_WRITE **
** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of ** a valid schema, then -1 is returned. */ int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema); /* ** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from sqlite3_txn_state() ** KEYWORDS: {transaction state} ** ** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file. ** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these ** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S ** in [database connection] D. ** **
** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]]
SQLITE_TXN_NONE
**
The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently ** pending.
** ** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]]
SQLITE_TXN_READ
**
The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently ** in a read transaction. Content has been read from the database file ** but nothing in the database file has changed. The transaction state ** will advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are ** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions. The transaction ** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or ** [COMMIT].
** ** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]]
SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
**
The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently ** in a write transaction. Content has been written to the database file ** but has not yet committed. The transaction state will change to ** to SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].
*/ #define SQLITE_TXN_NONE 0 #define SQLITE_TXN_READ 1 #define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2 /* ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb. ^If pStmt is NULL ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement ** associated with the database connection pDb. ^If no prepared statement ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL. ** ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer. */ sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt); /* ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed]. ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook() ** for the same database connection is overridden. ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back]. ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook() ** for the same database connection is overridden. ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback. ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero, ** then the commit is converted into a rollback. ** ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for ** the first call for each function on D. ** ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant. ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify ** the database connection that invoked the callback. Any actions ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit ** or rollback hook in the first place. ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements, ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. ** ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback. ** ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT] ** operation is allowed to continue normally. ^If the commit hook ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK]. ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback. ** ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur. ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed. ** ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface. */ void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*); void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Autovacuum Compaction Amount Callback ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) interface registers a callback ** function C that is invoked prior to each autovacuum of the database ** file. ^The callback is passed a copy of the generic data pointer (P), ** the schema-name of the attached database that is being autovacuumed, ** the size of the database file in pages, the number of free pages, ** and the number of bytes per page, respectively. The callback should ** return the number of free pages that should be removed by the ** autovacuum. ^If the callback returns zero, then no autovacuum happens. ** ^If the value returned is greater than or equal to the number of ** free pages, then a complete autovacuum happens. ** **

^If there are multiple ATTACH-ed database files that are being ** modified as part of a transaction commit, then the autovacuum pages ** callback is invoked separately for each file. ** **

The callback is not reentrant. The callback function should ** not attempt to invoke any other SQLite interface. If it does, bad ** things may happen, including segmentation faults and corrupt database ** files. The callback function should be a simple function that ** does some arithmetic on its input parameters and returns a result. ** ** ^The X parameter to sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) is an optional ** destructor for the P parameter. ^If X is not NULL, then X(P) is ** invoked whenever the database connection closes or when the callback ** is overwritten by another invocation of sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(). ** **

^There is only one autovacuum pages callback per database connection. ** ^Each call to the sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() interface overrides all ** previous invocations for that database connection. ^If the callback ** argument (C) to sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) is a NULL pointer, ** then the autovacuum steps callback is canceled. The return value ** from sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() is normally SQLITE_OK, but might ** be some other error code if something goes wrong. The current ** implementation will only return SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_MISUSE, but other ** return codes might be added in future releases. ** **

If no autovacuum pages callback is specified (the usual case) or ** a NULL pointer is provided for the callback, ** then the default behavior is to vacuum all free pages. So, in other ** words, the default behavior is the same as if the callback function ** were something like this: ** ** 

**     unsigned int demonstration_autovac_pages_callback(
**       void *pClientData,
**       const char *zSchema,
**       unsigned int nDbPage,
**       unsigned int nFreePage,
**       unsigned int nBytePerPage
**     ){
**       return nFreePage;
**     }
**
*/ int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages( sqlite3 *db, unsigned int(*)(void*,const char*,unsigned int,unsigned int,unsigned int), void*, void(*)(void*) ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in ** a [rowid table]. ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function ** for the same database connection is overridden. ** ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table. ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument ** to sqlite3_update_hook(). ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback ** to be invoked. ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the ** database and table name containing the affected row. ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row. ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place. ** ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are ** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^ ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified. ** ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause. ^Nor is the update hook ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization]. ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future ** release of SQLite. ** ** Whether the update hook is invoked before or after the ** corresponding change is currently unspecified and may differ ** depending on the type of change. Do not rely on the order of the ** hook call with regards to the final result of the operation which ** triggers the hook. ** ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify ** the database connection that invoked the update hook. Any actions ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook. ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph. ** ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function ** returns the P argument from the previous call ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for ** the first call on D. ** ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()], ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces. */ void *sqlite3_update_hook( sqlite3*, void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64), void* ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache ** ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections] ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^ ** ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with ** [-DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE]. The [-DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE] ** compile-time option is recommended because the ** [use of shared cache mode is discouraged]. ** ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process. ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]). ** In prior versions of SQLite, ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately. ** ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()]. ** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^ ** ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled ** successfully. An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^ ** ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay ** that way. In other words, do not use this routine. This interface ** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is ** discouraged. Any use of shared cache is discouraged. If shared cache ** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for ** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag. ** ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems, ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]. ** ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a ** 32-bit integer is atomic. ** ** See Also: [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] */ int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory ** ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations ** held by the database library. Memory used to cache database ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory. ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed, ** which might be more or less than the amount requested. ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()] */ int sqlite3_release_memory(int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is ** omitted. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()] */ int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size ** ** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be ** by all database connections within a single process. ** ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite. ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit. ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error. In other words, the soft heap limit ** is advisory only. ** ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of ** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated. ^The ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail ** when the hard heap limit is reached. ** ** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of ** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an ** error. ^If the argument N is negative ** then no change is made to the heap limit. Hence, the current ** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1). ** ** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism. ** ** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit. ** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N) ** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit, ** the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit. ** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap ** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and ** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap ** limit is set to N. ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the ** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the ** hard heap limit. ** ** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using ** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit]. ** ** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation ** if one or more of following conditions are true: ** ** )^ ** ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may ** changes in future releases of SQLite. */ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N); sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface ** DEPRECATED ** ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] ** interface. This routine is provided for historical compatibility ** only. All new applications should use the ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one. */ SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns ** information about column C of table T in database D ** on [database connection] X.)^ ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified ** column exists. ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns ** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist. ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it ** does not. If the table name parameter T in a call to ** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is ** undefined behavior. ** ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to ** resolve unqualified table references. ** ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column ** name of the desired column, respectively. ** ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted. ** ** ^(
** **
Parameter Output
Type 		Description ** **
5th const char* Data type **
6th const char* Name of default collation sequence **
7th int True if column has a NOT NULL constraint **
8th int True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY **
9th int True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT] **
**
)^ ** ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next ** call to any SQLite API function. ** ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned. ** ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs ** for the [rowid] are set as follows: ** ** 
**     data type: "INTEGER"
**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
**     not null: 0
**     primary key: 1
**     auto increment: 0
**
)^ ** ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema. */ int sqlite3_table_column_metadata( sqlite3 *db, /* Connection handle */ const char *zDbName, /* Database name or NULL */ const char *zTableName, /* Table name */ const char *zColumnName, /* Column name */ char const **pzDataType, /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */ char const **pzCollSeq, /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */ int *pNotNull, /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */ int *pPrimaryKey, /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */ int *pAutoinc /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file. ** ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile. If ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load ** with various operating-system specific extensions added. ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might ** be tried also. ** ** ^The entry point is zProc. ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an ** entry point name on its own. It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init". ** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the ** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic ** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following ** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^ ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong. ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()]. ** ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL) ** prior to calling this API, ** otherwise an error will be returned. ** ** Security warning: It is recommended that the ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this ** interface. The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface ** should be avoided. This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()] ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers ** access to extension loading capabilities. ** ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function]. */ int sqlite3_load_extension( sqlite3 *db, /* Load the extension into this database connection */ const char *zFile, /* Name of the shared library containing extension */ const char *zProc, /* Entry point. Derived from zFile if 0 */ char **pzErrMsg /* Put error message here if not 0 */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off. ** ** ^Extension loading is off by default. ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn ** it back off again. ** ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()]. ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..) ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^ ** ** Security warning: It is recommended that extension loading ** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers ** access to extension loading capabilities. */ int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff); /* ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions ** ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for ** each new [database connection] that is created. The idea here is that ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension] ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections. ** ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the ** entry point where as follows: ** ** 
**    int xEntryPoint(
**      sqlite3 *db,
**      const char **pzErrMsg,
**      const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
**    );
**
)^ ** ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]) ** and return an appropriate [error code]. ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint(). ^SQLite will invoke ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns. ^If any ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail. ** ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()] */ int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void)); /* ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading ** ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)]. ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization ** routines. */ int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void)); /* ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading ** ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()]. */ void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void); /* ** Structures used by the virtual table interface */ typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab; typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info; typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor; typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module; /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module} ** ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module", ** defines the implementation of a [virtual table]. ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module. ** ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()]. ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different ** module or until the [database connection] closes. The content ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with ** any database connection. */ struct sqlite3_module { int iVersion; int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux, int argc, const char *const*argv, sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**); int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux, int argc, const char *const*argv, sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**); int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*); int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor); int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv); int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*); int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int); int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid); int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *); int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab); int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName, void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), void **ppArg); int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew); /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those ** below are for version 2 and greater. */ int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int); /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object. ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */ int (*xShadowName)(const char*); /* The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_module object. ** Those below are for version 4 and greater. */ int (*xIntegrity)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, const char *zSchema, const char *zTabName, int mFlags, char **pzErr); }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info ** ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part ** of the [virtual table] interface to ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex] ** method of a [virtual table module]. The fields under **Inputs** are the ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only. xBestIndex inserts its ** results into the **Outputs** fields. ** ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form: ** **
column OP expr
** ** where OP is =, <, <=, >, or >=.)^ ^(The particular operator is ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^ ** ^(The index of the column is stored in ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^ ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^ ** ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column" ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible. ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried. ** ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[]. ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause. ** ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62), ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to ** non-zero. ** ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter. ^If argvIndex>0 then ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv. ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the ** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The ** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag ** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be ** checked separately in byte code. If the omit flag is change to true, then ** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code. In other words, ** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will ** not be checked again using byte code.)^ ** ** ^The idxNum and idxStr values are recorded and passed into the ** [xFilter] method. ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxStr if and only if ** needToFreeIdxStr is true. ** ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate ** sorting step is required. ** ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N) ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows. ** ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that ** will be returned by the strategy. ** ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag - ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite ** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row. ** ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite. ** ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]). ** If a virtual table extension is ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]). ** It may therefore only be used if ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to ** 3009000. */ struct sqlite3_index_info { /* Inputs */ int nConstraint; /* Number of entries in aConstraint */ struct sqlite3_index_constraint { int iColumn; /* Column constrained. -1 for ROWID */ unsigned char op; /* Constraint operator */ unsigned char usable; /* True if this constraint is usable */ int iTermOffset; /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */ } *aConstraint; /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */ int nOrderBy; /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */ struct sqlite3_index_orderby { int iColumn; /* Column number */ unsigned char desc; /* True for DESC. False for ASC. */ } *aOrderBy; /* The ORDER BY clause */ /* Outputs */ struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage { int argvIndex; /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */ unsigned char omit; /* Do not code a test for this constraint */ } *aConstraintUsage; int idxNum; /* Number used to identify the index */ char *idxStr; /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */ int needToFreeIdxStr; /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */ int orderByConsumed; /* True if output is already ordered */ double estimatedCost; /* Estimated cost of using this index */ /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */ sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows; /* Estimated number of rows returned */ /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */ int idxFlags; /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */ /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */ sqlite3_uint64 colUsed; /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags ** ** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of ** these bits. */ #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE 1 /* Scan visits at most 1 row */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes ** ** These macros define the allowed values for the ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field. Each value represents ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the WHERE clause of ** a query that uses a [virtual table]. ** ** ^The left-hand operand of the operator is given by the corresponding ** aConstraint[].iColumn field. ^An iColumn of -1 indicates the left-hand ** operand is the rowid. ** The SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT and SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET ** operators have no left-hand operand, and so for those operators the ** corresponding aConstraint[].iColumn is meaningless and should not be ** used. ** ** All operator values from SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION through ** value 255 are reserved to represent functions that are overloaded ** by the [xFindFunction|xFindFunction method] of the virtual table ** implementation. ** ** The right-hand operands for each constraint might be accessible using ** the [sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value()] interface. Usually the right-hand ** operand is only available if it appears as a single constant literal ** in the input SQL. If the right-hand operand is another column or an ** expression (even a constant expression) or a parameter, then the ** sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() probably will not be able to extract it. ** ^The SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL and ** SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL operators have no right-hand operand ** and hence calls to sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() for those operators will ** always return SQLITE_NOTFOUND. ** ** The collating sequence to be used for comparison can be found using ** the [sqlite3_vtab_collation()] interface. For most real-world virtual ** tables, the collating sequence of constraints does not matter (for example ** because the constraints are numeric) and so the sqlite3_vtab_collation() ** interface is not commonly needed. */ #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ 2 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT 4 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE 8 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT 16 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE 32 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE 65 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB 66 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE 68 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT 69 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL 71 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS 72 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT 73 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET 74 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150 /* ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name. ** ^Module names must be registered before ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module. ** ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified ** by the first parameter. ^The name of the module is given by the ** second parameter. ^The third parameter is a pointer to ** the implementation of the [virtual table module]. ^The fourth ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module ** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized. ** ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData. ^SQLite will ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer. ^The destructor will also ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails. ** ^The sqlite3_create_module() ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL ** destructor. ** ** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is ** NULL then no new module is created and any existing modules with the ** same name are dropped. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()] */ int sqlite3_create_module( sqlite3 *db, /* SQLite connection to register module with */ const char *zName, /* Name of the module */ const sqlite3_module *p, /* Methods for the module */ void *pClientData /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */ ); int sqlite3_create_module_v2( sqlite3 *db, /* SQLite connection to register module with */ const char *zName, /* Name of the module */ const sqlite3_module *p, /* Methods for the module */ void *pClientData, /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */ void(*xDestroy)(void*) /* Module destructor function */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual ** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L. ** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers ** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer. ** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()] */ int sqlite3_drop_modules( sqlite3 *db, /* Remove modules from this connection */ const char **azKeep /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab ** ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass ** of this object to describe a particular instance ** of the [virtual table]. Each subclass will ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation. ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are ** common to all module implementations. ** ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg. The method should ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()] ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg. ^After the error message ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed. */ struct sqlite3_vtab { const sqlite3_module *pModule; /* The module for this virtual table */ int nRef; /* Number of open cursors */ char *zErrMsg; /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */ /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor} ** ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the ** [virtual table] and are used ** to loop through the virtual table. Cursors are created using the ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method. Cursors are used ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods ** of the module. Each module implementation will define ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs. ** ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that ** are common to all implementations. */ struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor { sqlite3_vtab *pVtab; /* Virtual table of this cursor */ /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table ** ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a ** [virtual table module] call this interface ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of ** the virtual tables they implement. */ int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL); /* ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module]. ** But global versions of those functions ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^ ** ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular ** name and number of parameters exists. If no such function exists ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^ ^The implementation ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown. So ** the new function is not good for anything by itself. Its only ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded ** by a [virtual table]. */ int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg); /* ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles} ** ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed. ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()] ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB. ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes. */ typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob; /* ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb; ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by: ** ** 
**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
**
)^ ** ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement. ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^ ** ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for ** read-only access. ** ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()] ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns. ** ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true: ** ** ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. ** ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using ** [sqlite3_blob_write()]. The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] ** interface. However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle] ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened. ** ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired". ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^ ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB. Such changes will eventually ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^ ** ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of ** the opened blob. ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this ** interface. Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a ** blob. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface. ** ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()], ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()], ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()]. */ int sqlite3_blob_open( sqlite3*, const char *zDb, const char *zTable, const char *zColumn, sqlite3_int64 iRow, int flags, sqlite3_blob **ppBlob ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one. ** ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] - ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted. ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle ** always returns zero. ** ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message. */ int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64); /* ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed ** unconditionally. Even if this routine returns an error code, the ** handle is still closed.)^ ** ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back. ** ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an ** open blob handle results in undefined behavior. ^Calling this routine ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning. */ int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *); /* ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument. ^The ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob. ** ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. */ int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *); /* ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^ ** ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB, ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read. ^If N or iOffset is ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read. ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ** ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. ** ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK. ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^ ** ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()]. */ int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset); /* ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob ** ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^ ** ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK. ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^ ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. ** ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero), ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY]. ** ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API. ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB, ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. ** ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT]. ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle ** or by other independent statements. ** ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()]. Passing any other pointer in ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()]. */ int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset); /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects ** ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object ** that SQLite uses to interact ** with the underlying operating system. Most SQLite builds come with a ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer. ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered. ** The following interfaces are provided. ** ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name. ** ^Names are case sensitive. ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings. ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned. ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned. ** ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register(). ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set. ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury. ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again ** with the makeDflt flag set. If two different VFSes with the ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined. If a ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string, ** then the behavior is undefined. ** ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface. ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as ** the default. The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^ */ sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName); int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt); int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes ** ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is ** permitted to use any of these routines. ** ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations ** of these mutex routines. An appropriate implementation ** is selected automatically at compile-time. The following ** implementations are available in the SQLite core: ** ** ** ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in ** a single-threaded application. The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix ** and Windows. ** ** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor ** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex ** implementation is included with the library. In this case the ** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function ** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_ ** function that calls sqlite3_initialize(). ** ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested ** mutex. The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these ** integer constants: ** ** ** ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create ** a new mutex. ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does ** not want to. SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in ** cases where it really needs one. If a faster non-recursive mutex ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST. ** ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. ^Nine static mutexes are ** used by the current version of SQLite. Future versions of SQLite ** may add additional static mutexes. Static mutexes are for internal ** use by SQLite only. Applications that use SQLite mutexes should ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE. ** ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc() ** returns a different mutex on every call. ^For the static ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has ** the same type number. ** ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously ** allocated dynamic mutex. Attempting to deallocate a static ** mutex results in undefined behavior. ** ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt ** to enter a mutex. ^If another thread is already within the mutex, ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return ** SQLITE_BUSY. ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK] ** upon successful entry. ^(Mutexes created using ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread. ** In such cases, the ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread ** can enter.)^ If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined. ** ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try(). On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try() ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. In most cases the SQLite core only uses ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization, so this is acceptable ** behavior. The exceptions are unix builds that set the ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT build option. In that case a working ** sqlite3_mutex_try() is required.)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was ** previously entered by the same thread. The behavior ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the ** calling thread or is not currently allocated. ** ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), ** sqlite3_mutex_leave(), or sqlite3_mutex_free() is a NULL pointer, ** then any of the four routines behaves as a no-op. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()]. */ sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int); void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*); void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*); int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*); void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object ** ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines ** used to allocate and use mutexes. ** ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option. ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option. ** ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function. ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()]. ** ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method. ^The xMutexEnd() ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()]. ** ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc, ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively): ** ** )^ ** ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined ** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if ** it is passed a NULL pointer). ** ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe. It must be harmless to ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd(). Second and subsequent calls to ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops. ** ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()] ** and its associates). Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory ** allocation for a static mutex. ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex. ** ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK. ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself ** prior to returning. */ typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods; struct sqlite3_mutex_methods { int (*xMutexInit)(void); int (*xMutexEnd)(void); sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int); void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *); void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *); int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *); void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *); int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *); int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *); }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines ** ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines ** are intended for use inside assert() statements. The SQLite core ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications ** are advised to follow the lead of the core. The SQLite core only ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag. External mutex implementations ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined. ** ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread. ** ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures. ** ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then ** the routine should return 1. This seems counter-intuitive since ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist. But ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not ** using mutexes. And we do not want the assert() containing the ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is ** the appropriate thing to do. The sqlite3_mutex_notheld() ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer. */ #ifndef NDEBUG int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*); int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*); #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types ** ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument ** which is one of these integer constants. ** ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the ** next. Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes. */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST 0 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE 1 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN 2 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM 3 /* sqlite3_malloc() */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2 4 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN 4 /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG 5 /* sqlite3_randomness() */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU 6 /* lru page list */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2 7 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM 7 /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1 8 /* For use by application */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2 9 /* For use by application */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3 10 /* For use by application */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1 11 /* For use by built-in VFS */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2 12 /* For use by extension VFS */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3 13 /* For use by application VFS */ /* Legacy compatibility: */ #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER 2 /* ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized. ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this ** routine returns a NULL pointer. */ sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** KEYWORDS: {file control} ** ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command. ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the ** main database file. ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of ** the xFileControl method. ^The return value of the xFileControl ** method becomes the return value of this routine. ** ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly ** by the SQLite core and never invoke the ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method. ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter. The ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns ** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of ** the main database. The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file. ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter ** from the pager. ** ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. ^This error ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()] ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. The underlying xFileControl method might ** also return SQLITE_ERROR. There is no way to distinguish between ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying ** xFileControl method. ** ** See also: [file control opcodes] */ int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface ** ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing ** purposes. ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters. ** ** This interface is not for use by applications. It exists solely ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library. Depending ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist. ** ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice. ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to ** operate consistently from one release to the next. */ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...); /* ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes ** ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()]. ** ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change ** without notice. These values are for testing purposes only. ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface. */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST 5 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE 5 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE 6 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET 7 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION 7 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST 8 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL 9 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS 10 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE 11 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT 12 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS 13 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE 14 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_JSON_SELFCHECK 14 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS 15 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD 16 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC 17 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS 17 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT 18 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT 19 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD 19 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT 20 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE 21 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER 22 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT 23 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP 24 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER 25 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE 26 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL 27 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED 28 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS 29 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT 30 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS 31 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE 32 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOGEST 33 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE 34 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST 34 /* Largest TESTCTRL */ /* ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking ** ** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords ** recognized by SQLite. Applications can uses these routines to determine ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example, ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser. ** ** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct ** keywords understood by SQLite. ** ** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the 0-based N-th keyword and ** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number ** of bytes in the keyword into *L. The string that *Z points to is not ** zero-terminated. The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns ** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z ** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to ** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior. ** ** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not ** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero ** if it is and zero if not. ** ** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving. It is often possible to use ** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a ** parsing ambiguity. For example, the statement ** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and ** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named ** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END". Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid ** using keywords as identifiers. Common techniques used to avoid keyword ** name collisions include: ** ** ** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on ** compile-time options. For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if ** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option. Also, ** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite. */ int sqlite3_keyword_count(void); int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*); int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object ** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string} ** ** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized ** string under construction. ** ** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows: **
    **
  1. ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()]. **
  2. ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various ** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()]. **
  3. ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created ** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface. **
*/ typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str; /* ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes ** a new [sqlite3_str] object. To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by ** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)]. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will ** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from ** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)]. It is always safe to use the value ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter ** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods. ** ** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL. If the ** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum ** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be ** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead ** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH]. */ sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X ** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] ** that contains the constructed string. The calling application should ** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak. ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any ** errors were encountered during construction of the string. ^The ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the ** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long. */ char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String ** METHOD: sqlite3_str ** ** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained ** from [sqlite3_str_new()]. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf] ** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of ** [sqlite3_str] object X. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S ** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X. N must be non-negative. ** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content. To append a ** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()] ** method instead. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of ** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the ** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X. ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction ** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length. ** ** These methods do not return a result code. ^If an error occurs, that fact ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a ** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)]. */ void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...); void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list); void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N); void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn); void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C); void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String ** METHOD: sqlite3_str ** ** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object. ** ** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string ** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return ** an appropriate error code. ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or ** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes, ** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X. ** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the ** zero-termination byte. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current ** content of the dynamic string under construction in X. The value ** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X ** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same ** [sqlite3_str] object. Applications must not used the pointer returned ** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same ** object. ^Applications may change the content of the string returned ** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes ** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or ** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call. */ int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*); int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*); char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*); /* ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status ** ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various ** highwater marks. ^The first argument is an integer code for ** the specific parameter to measure. ^(Recognized integer codes ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^ ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent. ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater. ^If the ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after ** *pHighwater is written. ^(Some parameters do not record the highest ** value. For those parameters ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^ ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current ** value. For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^ ** ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure. ** ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by ** sqlite3_status() are undefined. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()] */ int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag); int sqlite3_status64( int op, sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent, sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater, int resetFlag ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters} ** ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()]. ** **
** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED
**
This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly. The ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library. Auxiliary page-cache ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in ** this parameter. The amount returned is the sum of the allocation ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE
**
This parameter records the largest memory allocation request ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their ** internal equivalents). Only the value returned in the ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT
**
This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations ** currently checked out.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED
**
This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]. The ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]] ** ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW
**
This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()]. The ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they ** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because ** no space was left in the page cache.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE
**
This parameter records the largest memory allocation request ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator]. Only the value returned in the ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]]
SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED
**
No longer used.
** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW
**
No longer used.
** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]]
SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE
**
No longer used.
** ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(
SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK
**
The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack. ** The *pCurrent value is undefined. The *pHighwater value is only ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].
)^ **
** ** New status parameters may be added from time to time. */ #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED 0 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED 1 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW 2 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED 3 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW 4 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE 5 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK 6 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE 7 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE 8 /* NOT USED */ #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT 9 /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information ** about a single [database connection]. ^The first argument is the ** database connection object to be interrogated. ^The second argument ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that ** determines the parameter to interrogate. The set of ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely ** to grow in future releases of SQLite. ** ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr. ^If ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is ** reset back down to the current value. ** ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a ** non-zero [error code] on failure. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()]. */ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg); /* ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options} ** ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface. ** ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked. ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked. ** **
** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED
**
This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently ** checked out.
)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT
**
This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful; ** the current value is always zero.)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]] ** ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE
**
This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size. ** Only the high-water value is meaningful; ** the current value is always zero.)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]] ** ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL
**
This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside ** memory already being in use. ** Only the high-water value is meaningful; ** the current value is always zero.)^ ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED
**
This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^ ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0. ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]] ** ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED
**
This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached ** connections.)^ In other words, if none of the pager caches associated ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0. ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED
**
This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^ ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to ** [shared cache mode] being enabled. ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0. ** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED
**
This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with ** the database connection.)^ ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
**
This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT ** is always 0. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
**
This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS ** is always 0. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE
**
This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included. ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL
**
This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have ** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page ** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written ** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces ** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify ** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size. **
** ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(
SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS
**
This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been ** resolved.)^ ^The highwater mark is always 0. **
**
*/ #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED 0 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED 1 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED 2 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED 3 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT 4 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE 5 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL 6 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT 7 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS 8 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE 9 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS 10 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED 11 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL 12 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX 12 /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^ These counters can ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared ** statements. For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than ** an index. ** ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from ** a [prepared statement]. The first argument is the prepared statement ** object to be interrogated. The second argument ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter] ** to be interrogated.)^ ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned. ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this ** interface call returns. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()]. */ int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg); /* ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters} ** ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface. ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows: ** **
** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP
**
^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in ** a table as part of a full table scan. Large numbers for this counter ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through ** careful use of indices.
** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT
**
^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred. ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to ** improvement performance through careful use of indices.
** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX
**
^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster. ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to ** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.
** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP
**
^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal ** to 2147483647. The number of virtual machine operations can be ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement. ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined. ** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE
**
^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been ** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan. ** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN
**
^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has ** been run. A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one ** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()]. ** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each ** cycle. ** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS]] ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER HIT]] **
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT
** SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS
**
^SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT is the number of times that a join ** step was bypassed because a Bloom filter returned not-found. The ** corresponding SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS value is the number of ** times that the Bloom filter returned a find, and thus the join step ** had to be processed as normal. ** ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]]
SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED
**
^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory ** used to store the prepared statement. ^This value is not actually ** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status() ** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED. **
**
*/ #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP 1 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT 2 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX 3 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP 4 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE 5 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN 6 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS 7 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT 8 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED 99 /* ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object ** ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque. It is implemented by ** the pluggable module. The SQLite core has no knowledge of ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers ** to the object. ** ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information. */ typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache; /* ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object ** ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the ** page cache. The page cache will allocate instances of this ** object. Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances ** of this object as parameters or as their return value. ** ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information. */ typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page; struct sqlite3_pcache_page { void *pBuf; /* The content of the page */ void *pExtra; /* Extra information associated with the page */ }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache. ** KEYWORDS: {page cache} ** ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^ ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by ** SQLite is used for the page cache. ** By implementing a ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for ** how long. ** ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications. ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses. ** ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config]. Hence ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^ ** ** [[the xInit() page cache method]] ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^ ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit() ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^ ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures ** required by the custom page cache implementation. ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined ** page cache.)^ ** ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]] ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()]. ** It can be used to clean up ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required. ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL. ** ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method, ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe. ^The ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does ** not need to be threadsafe either. All other methods must be threadsafe ** in multithreaded applications. ** ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening ** call to xShutdown(). ** ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]] ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance. ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file, ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must ** be allocated by the cache. ^szPage will always a power of two. ^The ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage ** associated with each page cache entry. ^The szExtra parameter will ** a number less than 250. SQLite will use the ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying ** database page on disk. The value passed into szExtra depends ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled. ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation ** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable; ** it is purely advisory. ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page. ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true. ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will ** never contain any unpinned pages. ** ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]] ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^ As with the bPurgeable ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this ** value; it is advisory only. ** ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]] ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned. ** ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]] ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer. ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a ** single database page. The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested ** for each entry in the page cache. ** ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value ** is 1. After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered ** to be "pinned". ** ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content ** intact. If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag ** parameter to help it determined what action to take: ** ** **
createFlag Behavior when page is not already in cache **
0 Do not allocate a new page. Return NULL. **
1 Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so. ** Otherwise return NULL. **
2 Make every effort to allocate a new page. Only return ** NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible. **
** ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1. SQLite ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1 ** failed.)^ In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache. ** ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]] ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page ** as its second argument. If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero, ** then the page must be evicted from the cache. ** ^If the discard parameter is ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time. ** ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls ** to xFetch(). ** ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]] ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not ** to be pinned. ** ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any ** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that ** they can be safely discarded. ** ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]] ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate(). ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*] ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2 ** functions. ** ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]] ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to ** free up as much of heap memory as possible. The page cache implementation ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should ** do their best. */ typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2; struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 { int iVersion; void *pArg; int (*xInit)(void*); void (*xShutdown)(void*); sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable); void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize); int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*); sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag); void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard); void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey); void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit); void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*); void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*); }; /* ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2. This object is not used by SQLite. It is ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only. */ typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods; struct sqlite3_pcache_methods { void *pArg; int (*xInit)(void*); void (*xShutdown)(void*); sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable); void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize); int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*); void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag); void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard); void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey); void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit); void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*); }; /* ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object ** ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing ** online backup operation. ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()]. ** ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API] */ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup; /* ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API. ** ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another. ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files. ** ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API] ** ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file ** for the duration of the backup operation. ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read; ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation. ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without ** preventing other database connections from ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway. ** ** ^(To perform a backup operation: **
    **
  1. sqlite3_backup_init() is called once to initialize the ** backup, **
  2. sqlite3_backup_step() is called one or more times to transfer ** the data between the two databases, and finally **
  3. sqlite3_backup_finish() is called to release all resources ** associated with the backup operation. **
)^ ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init(). ** ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] sqlite3_backup_init() ** ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the ** [database connection] associated with the destination database ** and the database name, respectively. ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database. ** ^The S and M arguments passed to ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection] ** and database name of the source database, respectively. ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D) ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with ** an error. ** ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the ** destination database. ** ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the ** destination [database connection] D. ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init() ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions. ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an ** [sqlite3_backup] object. ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup ** operation. ** ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] sqlite3_backup_step() ** ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B. ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied. ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK]. ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE]. ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N), ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY], ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code. ** ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if **
    **
  1. the destination database was opened read-only, or **
  2. the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or **
  3. the destination database is an in-memory database and the ** destination and source page sizes differ. **
)^ ** ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function] ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source ** [database connection] ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step() ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These ** errors are considered fatal.)^ The application must accept ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources. ** ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE]. ^Every call to ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call. ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way ** through the backup process. ^If the source database is modified by an ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically ** updated at the same time. ** ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] sqlite3_backup_finish() ** ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish(). ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object. ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back. ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish(). ** ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed. ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code]. ** ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step() ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of ** sqlite3_backup_finish(). ** ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]] ** sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount() ** ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step(). ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent ** sqlite3_backup_step(). ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining, ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount() ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^ ** ** Concurrent Usage of Database Handles ** ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized. ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently ** from within other threads. ** ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to ** sqlite3_backup_finish(). SQLite does not currently check to see ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection] ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction ** nevertheless. Use of the destination database connection while a ** backup is in progress might also cause a mutex deadlock. ** ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process, ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init(). ** ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step(). ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount() ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is ** possible that they return invalid values. */ sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init( sqlite3 *pDest, /* Destination database handle */ const char *zDestName, /* Destination database name */ sqlite3 *pSource, /* Source database handle */ const char *zSourceName /* Source database name */ ); int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage); int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p); int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p); int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p); /* ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking. ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it. ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined. ** ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature]. ** ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back. ** ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close] ** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction. ** ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application, ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked. ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately, ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^ ** ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection. ** ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback, ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked ** connection using [sqlite3_close()]. ** ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a ** crash or deadlock may be the result. ** ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always ** returns SQLITE_OK. ** ** Callback Invocation Details ** ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked. ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers, ** and the second is the number of entries in the array. ** ** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array. ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions ** related to the set of unblocked database connections. ** ** Deadlock Detection ** ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely. ** ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any ** number of levels of indirection are allowed. ** ** The "DROP TABLE" Exception ** ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however, ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement, ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE" ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result. ** ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^ */ int sqlite3_unlock_notify( sqlite3 *pBlocked, /* Waiting connection */ void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg), /* Callback function to invoke */ void *pNotifyArg /* Argument to pass to xNotify */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison ** ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers. */ int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *); int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int); /* ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing * ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P. ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite. ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function ** is case sensitive. ** ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()]. */ int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr); /* ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching * ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E. ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E" ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite. ^For "X LIKE P" without ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0. ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match ** one another. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though ** only ASCII characters are case folded. ** ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()]. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()]. */ int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc); /* ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface ** ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log] ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()]. ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string. ** ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions. While there is ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so ** is considered bad form. ** ** The zFormat string must not be NULL. ** ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine ** will not use dynamically allocated memory. The log message is stored in ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack. If the log message is longer than ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the ** buffer. */ void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...); /* ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode. ** ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required. ** ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle. ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to - ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file, ** including those that were just committed. ** ** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK]. ^If an error ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results ** are undefined. ** ** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^The return value is ** a copy of the third parameter from the previous call, if any, or 0. ** ^Note that the [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings. */ void *sqlite3_wal_hook( sqlite3*, int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int), void* ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D ** to automatically [checkpoint] ** after committing a transaction if there are N or ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file. ^Passing zero or ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic ** checkpoints entirely. ** ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()]. ^Likewise, registering a callback ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism ** configured by this function. ** ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface ** from SQL. ** ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE]. ** ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT] ** pages. The use of this interface ** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal ** for a particular application. */ int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N); /* ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^ ** ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to ** be reset. See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition ** information. ** ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to ** occur. But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] ** interface was added. This interface is retained for backwards ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]. */ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb); /* ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M. Status ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^ ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^ ** **
**
SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE
** ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database ** readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames ** in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback] ** is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode. ** ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished ** if there are concurrent readers or writers. ** **
SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL
** ^This mode blocks (it invokes the ** [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no ** database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database ** snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the ** database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending, ** but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded. ** **
SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART
** ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition ** that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the ** [busy-handler callback]) ** until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures ** that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning. ** ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new ** database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers. ** **
SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE
** ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the ** addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior ** to a successful return. **
** ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero. ** ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case. ** ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case. ** ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to ** [database connection] db. In this case the ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned. ** ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller. ** ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface ** sets the error information that is queried by ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()]. ** ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface ** from SQL. */ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2( sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ const char *zDb, /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */ int eMode, /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */ int *pnLog, /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */ int *pnCkpt /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode} ** ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface. ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes. */ #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE 0 /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */ #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL 1 /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */ #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART 2 /* Like FULL but wait for readers */ #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3 /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration ** ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure ** various facets of the virtual table interface. ** ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined. ** ** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the ** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and ** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate] ** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config(). The C parameter is one ** of the [virtual table configuration options]. The presence and meaning ** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option] ** is used. */ int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...); /* ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options} ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option} ** ** These macros define the various options to the ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior. ** **
** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]] **
SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
**
Calls of the form ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported, ** where X is an integer. If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not ** support constraints. In this configuration (which is the default) if ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been ** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual ** ON CONFLICT mode specified. ** ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made. ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate. ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode ** had been ABORT. ** ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT ** constraint handling. **
** ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]
SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY
**
Calls of the form ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and ** views. **
** ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]
SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
**
Calls of the form ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation ** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers ** and views. Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the ** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a ** malicious hacker. Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS ** flag unless absolutely necessary. **
** ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS]]
SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS
**
Calls of the form ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMA) from within the ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation ** instruct the query planner to begin at least a read transaction on ** all schemas ("main", "temp", and any ATTACH-ed databases) whenever the ** virtual table is used. **
**
*/ #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1 #define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS 2 #define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY 3 #define SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS 4 /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy ** ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL], ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the ** [virtual table]. */ int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE ** ** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn] ** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the ** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the ** column value will not change. The virtual table implementation can use ** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less ** expensive to compute and that the corresponding ** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value. ** ** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that ** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn ** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling ** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces]. ** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the ** same column in the [xUpdate] method. ** ** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization. Virtual table ** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the ** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false. In the ** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always ** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement. */ int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info ** ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex] ** method of a [virtual table]. This function returns a pointer to a string ** that is the name of the appropriate collation sequence to use for text ** comparisons on the constraint identified by its arguments. ** ** The first argument must be the pointer to the [sqlite3_index_info] object ** that is the first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument ** must be an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the ** sqlite3_index_info structure passed to xBestIndex. ** ** Important: ** The first parameter must be the same pointer that is passed into the ** xBestMethod() method. The first parameter may not be a pointer to a ** different [sqlite3_index_info] object, even an exact copy. ** ** The return value is computed as follows: ** **
    **

  1. If the constraint comes from a WHERE clause expression that contains ** a [COLLATE operator], then the name of the collation specified by ** that COLLATE operator is returned. **

  2. If there is no COLLATE operator, but the column that is the subject ** of the constraint specifies an alternative collating sequence via ** a [COLLATE clause] on the column definition within the CREATE TABLE ** statement that was passed into [sqlite3_declare_vtab()], then the ** name of that alternative collating sequence is returned. **

  3. Otherwise, "BINARY" is returned. **

*/ const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int); /* ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a virtual table query is DISTINCT ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info ** ** This API may only be used from within an [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method] ** of a [virtual table] implementation. The result of calling this ** interface from outside of xBestIndex() is undefined and probably harmful. ** ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns an integer between 0 and ** 3. The integer returned by sqlite3_vtab_distinct() ** gives the virtual table additional information about how the query ** planner wants the output to be ordered. As long as the virtual table ** can meet the ordering requirements of the query planner, it may set ** the "orderByConsumed" flag. ** **

  1. ** ^If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 0, that means ** that the query planner needs the virtual table to return all rows in the ** sort order defined by the "nOrderBy" and "aOrderBy" fields of the ** [sqlite3_index_info] object. This is the default expectation. If the ** virtual table outputs all rows in sorted order, then it is always safe for ** the xBestIndex method to set the "orderByConsumed" flag, regardless of ** the return value from sqlite3_vtab_distinct(). **

  2. ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 1, that means ** that the query planner does not need the rows to be returned in sorted order ** as long as all rows with the same values in all columns identified by the ** "aOrderBy" field are adjacent.)^ This mode is used when the query planner ** is doing a GROUP BY. **

  3. ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 2, that means ** that the query planner does not need the rows returned in any particular ** order, as long as rows with the same values in all columns identified ** by "aOrderBy" are adjacent.)^ ^(Furthermore, when two or more rows ** contain the same values for all columns identified by "colUsed", all but ** one such row may optionally be omitted from the result.)^ ** The virtual table is not required to omit rows that are duplicates ** over the "colUsed" columns, but if the virtual table can do that without ** too much extra effort, it could potentially help the query to run faster. ** This mode is used for a DISTINCT query. **

  4. ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 3, that means the ** virtual table must return rows in the order defined by "aOrderBy" as ** if the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface had returned 0. However if ** two or more rows in the result have the same values for all columns ** identified by "colUsed", then all but one such row may optionally be ** omitted.)^ Like when the return value is 2, the virtual table ** is not required to omit rows that are duplicates over the "colUsed" ** columns, but if the virtual table can do that without ** too much extra effort, it could potentially help the query to run faster. ** This mode is used for queries ** that have both DISTINCT and ORDER BY clauses. **

** **

The following table summarizes the conditions under which the ** virtual table is allowed to set the "orderByConsumed" flag based on ** the value returned by sqlite3_vtab_distinct(). This table is a ** restatement of the previous four paragraphs: ** ** ** **
sqlite3_vtab_distinct() return value ** Rows are returned in aOrderBy order ** Rows with the same value in all aOrderBy columns are adjacent ** Duplicates over all colUsed columns may be omitted **
0yesyesno **
1noyesno **
2noyesyes **
3yesyesyes **
** ** ^For the purposes of comparing virtual table output values to see if the ** values are same value for sorting purposes, two NULL values are considered ** to be the same. In other words, the comparison operator is "IS" ** (or "IS NOT DISTINCT FROM") and not "==". ** ** If a virtual table implementation is unable to meet the requirements ** specified above, then it must not set the "orderByConsumed" flag in the ** [sqlite3_index_info] object or an incorrect answer may result. ** ** ^A virtual table implementation is always free to return rows in any order ** it wants, as long as the "orderByConsumed" flag is not set. ^When the ** the "orderByConsumed" flag is unset, the query planner will add extra ** [bytecode] to ensure that the final results returned by the SQL query are ** ordered correctly. The use of the "orderByConsumed" flag and the ** sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface is merely an optimization. ^Careful ** use of the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface and the "orderByConsumed" ** flag might help queries against a virtual table to run faster. Being ** overly aggressive and setting the "orderByConsumed" flag when it is not ** valid to do so, on the other hand, might cause SQLite to return incorrect ** results. */ int sqlite3_vtab_distinct(sqlite3_index_info*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Identify and handle IN constraints in xBestIndex ** ** This interface may only be used from within an ** [xBestIndex|xBestIndex() method] of a [virtual table] implementation. ** The result of invoking this interface from any other context is ** undefined and probably harmful. ** ** ^(A constraint on a virtual table of the form ** "[IN operator|column IN (...)]" is ** communicated to the xBestIndex method as a ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ] constraint.)^ If xBestIndex wants to use ** this constraint, it must set the corresponding ** aConstraintUsage[].argvIndex to a positive integer. ^(Then, under ** the usual mode of handling IN operators, SQLite generates [bytecode] ** that invokes the [xFilter|xFilter() method] once for each value ** on the right-hand side of the IN operator.)^ Thus the virtual table ** only sees a single value from the right-hand side of the IN operator ** at a time. ** ** In some cases, however, it would be advantageous for the virtual ** table to see all values on the right-hand of the IN operator all at ** once. The sqlite3_vtab_in() interfaces facilitates this in two ways: ** **

    **

  1. ** ^A call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,-1) will return true (non-zero) ** if and only if the [sqlite3_index_info|P->aConstraint][N] constraint ** is an [IN operator] that can be processed all at once. ^In other words, ** sqlite3_vtab_in() with -1 in the third argument is a mechanism ** by which the virtual table can ask SQLite if all-at-once processing ** of the IN operator is even possible. ** **

  2. ** ^A call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) with F==1 or F==0 indicates ** to SQLite that the virtual table does or does not want to process ** the IN operator all-at-once, respectively. ^Thus when the third ** parameter (F) is non-negative, this interface is the mechanism by ** which the virtual table tells SQLite how it wants to process the ** IN operator. **

** ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) interface can be invoked multiple times ** within the same xBestIndex method call. ^For any given P,N pair, ** the return value from sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) will always be the same ** within the same xBestIndex call. ^If the interface returns true ** (non-zero), that means that the constraint is an IN operator ** that can be processed all-at-once. ^If the constraint is not an IN ** operator or cannot be processed all-at-once, then the interface returns ** false. ** ** ^(All-at-once processing of the IN operator is selected if both of the ** following conditions are met: ** **
    **

  1. The P->aConstraintUsage[N].argvIndex value is set to a positive ** integer. This is how the virtual table tells SQLite that it wants to ** use the N-th constraint. ** **

  2. The last call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) for which F was ** non-negative had F>=1. **

)^ ** ** ^If either or both of the conditions above are false, then SQLite uses ** the traditional one-at-a-time processing strategy for the IN constraint. ** ^If both conditions are true, then the argvIndex-th parameter to the ** xFilter method will be an [sqlite3_value] that appears to be NULL, ** but which can be passed to [sqlite3_vtab_in_first()] and ** [sqlite3_vtab_in_next()] to find all values on the right-hand side ** of the IN constraint. */ int sqlite3_vtab_in(sqlite3_index_info*, int iCons, int bHandle); /* ** CAPI3REF: Find all elements on the right-hand side of an IN constraint. ** ** These interfaces are only useful from within the ** [xFilter|xFilter() method] of a [virtual table] implementation. ** The result of invoking these interfaces from any other context ** is undefined and probably harmful. ** ** The X parameter in a call to sqlite3_vtab_in_first(X,P) or ** sqlite3_vtab_in_next(X,P) should be one of the parameters to the ** xFilter method which invokes these routines, and specifically ** a parameter that was previously selected for all-at-once IN constraint ** processing use the [sqlite3_vtab_in()] interface in the ** [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method]. ^(If the X parameter is not ** an xFilter argument that was selected for all-at-once IN constraint ** processing, then these routines return [SQLITE_ERROR].)^ ** ** ^(Use these routines to access all values on the right-hand side ** of the IN constraint using code like the following: ** ** 
**    for(rc=sqlite3_vtab_in_first(pList, &pVal);
**        rc==SQLITE_OK && pVal;
**        rc=sqlite3_vtab_in_next(pList, &pVal)
**    ){
**      // do something with pVal
**    }
**    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
**      // an error has occurred
**    }
**
)^ ** ** ^On success, the sqlite3_vtab_in_first(X,P) and sqlite3_vtab_in_next(X,P) ** routines return SQLITE_OK and set *P to point to the first or next value ** on the RHS of the IN constraint. ^If there are no more values on the ** right hand side of the IN constraint, then *P is set to NULL and these ** routines return [SQLITE_DONE]. ^The return value might be ** some other value, such as SQLITE_NOMEM, in the event of a malfunction. ** ** The *ppOut values returned by these routines are only valid until the ** next call to either of these routines or until the end of the xFilter ** method from which these routines were called. If the virtual table ** implementation needs to retain the *ppOut values for longer, it must make ** copies. The *ppOut values are [protected sqlite3_value|protected]. */ int sqlite3_vtab_in_first(sqlite3_value *pVal, sqlite3_value **ppOut); int sqlite3_vtab_in_next(sqlite3_value *pVal, sqlite3_value **ppOut); /* ** CAPI3REF: Constraint values in xBestIndex() ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info ** ** This API may only be used from within the [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method] ** of a [virtual table] implementation. The result of calling this interface ** from outside of an xBestIndex method are undefined and probably harmful. ** ** ^When the sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) interface is invoked from within ** the [xBestIndex] method of a [virtual table] implementation, with P being ** a copy of the [sqlite3_index_info] object pointer passed into xBestIndex and ** J being a 0-based index into P->aConstraint[], then this routine ** attempts to set *V to the value of the right-hand operand of ** that constraint if the right-hand operand is known. ^If the ** right-hand operand is not known, then *V is set to a NULL pointer. ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) interface returns SQLITE_OK if ** and only if *V is set to a value. ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) ** inteface returns SQLITE_NOTFOUND if the right-hand side of the J-th ** constraint is not available. ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() interface ** can return an result code other than SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if ** something goes wrong. ** ** The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() interface is usually only successful if ** the right-hand operand of a constraint is a literal value in the original ** SQL statement. If the right-hand operand is an expression or a reference ** to some other column or a [host parameter], then sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() ** will probably return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND]. ** ** ^(Some constraints, such as [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL] and ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL], have no right-hand operand. For such ** constraints, sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() always returns SQLITE_NOTFOUND.)^ ** ** ^The [sqlite3_value] object returned in *V is a protected sqlite3_value ** and remains valid for the duration of the xBestIndex method call. ** ^When xBestIndex returns, the sqlite3_value object returned by ** sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() is automatically deallocated. ** ** The "_rhs_" in the name of this routine is an abbreviation for ** "Right-Hand Side". */ int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(sqlite3_index_info*, int, sqlite3_value **ppVal); /* ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode} ** ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to ** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode ** is for the SQL statement being evaluated. ** ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code]. */ #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */ #define SQLITE_FAIL 3 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4 // Also an error code */ #define SQLITE_REPLACE 5 /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options} ** ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface. Each constant designates a ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return. ** ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when ** S is finalized. ** ** Not all values are available for all query elements. When a value is ** not available, the output variable is set to -1 if the value is numeric, ** or to NULL if it is a string (SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME). ** **
** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP
**
^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.
** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT
**
^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.
** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST
**
^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each ** iteration of the X-th loop. If the query planner's estimates was accurate, ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop. ** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME
**
^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table ** used for the X-th loop. ** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN
**
^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] ** description for the X-th loop. ** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID
**
^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the ** id for the X-th query plan element. The id value is unique within the ** statement. The select-id is the same value as is output in the first ** column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query. ** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID
**
The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the ** the id of the parent of the current query element, if applicable, or ** to zero if the query element has no parent. This is the same value as ** returned in the second column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query. ** ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE]]
SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE
**
The sqlite3_int64 output value is set to the number of cycles, ** according to the processor time-stamp counter, that elapsed while the ** query element was being processed. This value is not available for ** all query elements - if it is unavailable the output variable is ** set to -1. **
*/ #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP 0 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT 1 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST 2 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME 3 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN 4 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID 6 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE 7 /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** These interfaces return information about the predicted and measured ** performance for pStmt. Advanced applications can use this ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found. ** ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] ** compile-time option. ** ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return. ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior ** of this interface is undefined. ^The requested measurement is written into ** a variable pointed to by the "pOut" parameter. ** ** The "flags" parameter must be passed a mask of flags. At present only ** one flag is defined - SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX. If SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX ** is specified, then status information is available for all elements ** of a query plan that are reported by "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN" output. If ** SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX is not specified, then only query plan elements ** that correspond to query loops (the "SCAN..." and "SEARCH..." elements of ** the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output) are available. Invoking API ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() is equivalent to calling ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2() with a zeroed flags parameter. ** ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific query element to retrieve statistics ** for. Query elements are numbered starting from zero. A value of -1 may be ** to query for statistics regarding the entire query. ^If idx is out of range ** - less than -1 or greater than or equal to the total number of query ** elements used to implement the statement - a non-zero value is returned and ** the variable that pOut points to is unchanged. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()] */ int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus( sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, /* Prepared statement for which info desired */ int idx, /* Index of loop to report on */ int iScanStatusOp, /* Information desired. SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */ void *pOut /* Result written here */ ); int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2( sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, /* Prepared statement for which info desired */ int idx, /* Index of loop to report on */ int iScanStatusOp, /* Information desired. SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */ int flags, /* Mask of flags defined below */ void *pOut /* Result written here */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status ** KEYWORDS: {scan status flags} */ #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX 0x0001 /* ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt ** ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters. ** ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined. */ void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database ** file (page 1 is always "in use"). ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and ** any [attached] databases. ** ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY. ** ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately. ** ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK. ** ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions. */ int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook. ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation ** on a database table. ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides ** the previous setting. ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter. ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as ** the first parameter to callbacks. ** ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to ** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1. ** ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook. ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the ** kind of update operation that is about to occur. ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the ** database within the database connection that is being modified. This ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached ** databases.)^ ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the ** table that is being modified. ** ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table, ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for ** DELETE operations on rowid tables. ** ** ^The sqlite3_preupdate_hook(D,C,P) function returns the P argument from ** the previous call on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for ** the first call on D. ** ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()], ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback. Invoking any of ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable ** behavior. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of ** the table row before it is updated. The N parameter must be between 0 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the ** behavior is undefined. The [sqlite3_value] that P points to ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of ** the table row after it is updated. The N parameter must be between 0 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the ** behavior is undefined. The [sqlite3_value] that P points to ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns. ** ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level ** triggers; and so forth. ** ** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column, ** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE. This is because the ** in this case the new values are not available. In this case, when a ** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actually a write using the ** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns ** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the ** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a ** regular DELETE, sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite() returns -1. ** ** See also: [sqlite3_update_hook()] */ #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK) void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook( sqlite3 *db, void(*xPreUpdate)( void *pCtx, /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */ sqlite3 *db, /* Database handle */ int op, /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */ char const *zDb, /* Database name */ char const *zName, /* Table name */ sqlite3_int64 iKey1, /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */ sqlite3_int64 iKey2 /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */ ), void* ); int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **); int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *); int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *); int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **); int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *); #endif /* ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code ** METHOD: sqlite3 ** ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file. ** The return value is OS-dependent. For example, on unix systems, after ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth. */ int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot} ** ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode] ** database for some specific point in history. ** ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version ** of the database file. When a [database connection] begins a read ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started. ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started. ** ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than ** the most recent version. */ typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot { unsigned char hidden[48]; } sqlite3_snapshot; /* ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot ** ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of ** schema S in database connection D. ^On success, the ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK. ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when ** this function is called, one is opened automatically. ** ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined ** in this case. ** ** ** ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM. If it is called with the ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason, ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined. ** ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] ** to avoid a memory leak. ** ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used. */ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get( sqlite3 *db, const char *zSchema, sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot ** ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read ** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to ** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the ** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails. ** ** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed ** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()). ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid. ** ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified ** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned. ** ** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the ** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P. ** ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the ** database connection D does not know that the database file for ** schema S is in [WAL mode]. A database connection might not know ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode] ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^ ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.) ** ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used. */ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open( sqlite3 *db, const char *zSchema, sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot ** ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P. ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak. ** ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used. */ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*); /* ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles. ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot ** ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages ** of two valid snapshot handles. ** ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined. ** ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function ** is undefined. ** ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2. ** ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option. */ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp( sqlite3_snapshot *p1, sqlite3_snapshot *p2 ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot ** ** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close ** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control] ** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without ** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened ** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface ** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file ** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions. ** ** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode ** database. ** ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise. ** ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option. */ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb); /* ** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database ** ** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory ** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D. ** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes ** is written into *P. ** ** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a ** copy of the disk file. For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database, ** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written ** to disk if that database where backed up to disk. ** ** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of ** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns ** a pointer to that memory. The caller is responsible for freeing the ** returned value to avoid a memory leak. However, if the F argument ** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations ** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer ** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite ** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous ** memory representation of the database exists. A contiguous memory ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same ** values of D and S. ** The size of the database is written into *P even if the ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy ** of the database exists. ** ** After the call, if the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit had been set, ** the returned buffer content will remain accessible and unchanged ** until either the next write operation on the connection or when ** the connection is closed, and applications must not modify the ** buffer. If the bit had been clear, the returned buffer will not ** be accessed by SQLite after the call. ** ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory ** allocation error occurs. ** ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option. */ unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize( sqlite3 *db, /* The database connection */ const char *zSchema, /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */ sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */ unsigned int mFlags /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize ** ** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for ** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)]. ** ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return ** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using, ** without making a copy of the database. If SQLite is not currently using ** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes ** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer. SQLite will only be ** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a ** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()]. */ #define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001 /* Do no memory allocations */ /* ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database ** ** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained ** in P. The serialized database P is N bytes in size. M is the size of ** the buffer P, which might be larger than N. If M is larger than N, and ** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is ** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total ** size does not exceed M bytes. ** ** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will ** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database ** connection closes. If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64() ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes. ** ** Applications must not modify the buffer P or invalidate it before ** the database connection D is closed. ** ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup ** operation. ** ** It is not possible to deserialized into the TEMP database. If the ** S argument to sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) is "temp" then the ** function returns SQLITE_ERROR. ** ** The deserialized database should not be in [WAL mode]. If the database ** is in WAL mode, then any attempt to use the database file will result ** in an [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] error. The application can set the ** [file format version numbers] (bytes 18 and 19) of the input database P ** to 0x01 prior to invoking sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) to force the ** database file into rollback mode and work around this limitation. ** ** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning. ** ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the ** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option. */ int sqlite3_deserialize( sqlite3 *db, /* The database connection */ const char *zSchema, /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */ unsigned char *pData, /* The serialized database content */ sqlite3_int64 szDb, /* Number bytes in the deserialization */ sqlite3_int64 szBuf, /* Total size of buffer pData[] */ unsigned mFlags /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */ ); /* ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize() ** ** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to ** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface. ** ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization ** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] ** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically ** free it when it has finished using it. Without this flag, the caller ** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory. ** ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to ** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()]. This ** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used. ** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond ** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter. ** ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database ** should be treated as read-only. */ #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */ #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE 2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */ #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY 4 /* Database is read-only */ /* ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for ** builds on processors without floating point support. */ #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT # undef double #endif #if defined(__wasi__) # undef SQLITE_WASI # define SQLITE_WASI 1 # undef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL # define SQLITE_OMIT_WAL 1/* because it requires shared memory APIs */ # ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION # define SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION # endif # ifndef SQLITE_THREADSAFE # define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 0 # endif #endif #ifdef __cplusplus } /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */ #endif #endif /* SQLITE3_H */