Adding upstream version 1.9.15p5.upstream/1.9.15p5upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 782 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/plugins/sudoers/testsudoers.c b/plugins/sudoers/testsudoers.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ebd7b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/sudoers/testsudoers.c
@@ -0,0 +1,782 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 1998-2005, 2007-2023
+ *	Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@sudo.ws>
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
+ * Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
+ * Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+ * PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_STDBOOL_H
+# include <stdbool.h>
+#else
+# include <compat/stdbool.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_STDBOOL_H */
+#include <string.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_STRINGS_H */
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <testsudoers_pwutil.h>
+#include <toke.h>
+#include <tsgetgrpw.h>
+#include <sudoers.h>
+#include <interfaces.h>
+#include <sudo_conf.h>
+#include <sudo_lbuf.h>
+#include <gram.h>
+
+#ifndef YYDEBUG
+# define YYDEBUG 0
+#endif
+
+enum sudoers_formats {
+    format_ldif,
+    format_sudoers
+};
+
+/*
+ * Function Prototypes
+ */
+static void dump_sudoers(void);
+static void set_runaspw(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *);
+static void set_runasgr(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *);
+static int testsudoers_error(const char * restrict buf);
+static int testsudoers_output(const char * restrict buf);
+sudo_noreturn static void usage(void);
+static void cb_lookup(const struct sudoers_parse_tree *parse_tree, const struct userspec *us, int user_match, const struct privilege *priv, int host_match, const struct cmndspec *cs, int date_match, int runas_match, int cmnd_match, void *closure);
+static int testsudoers_query(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const struct sudo_nss *nss, struct passwd *pw);
+
+/*
+ * Globals
+ */
+static const char *orig_cmnd;
+static char *runas_group, *runas_user;
+
+#if defined(SUDO_DEVEL) && defined(__OpenBSD__)
+extern char *malloc_options;
+#endif
+
+sudo_dso_public int main(int argc, char *argv[]);
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    struct sudoers_context test_ctx = SUDOERS_CONTEXT_INITIALIZER;
+    struct sudo_nss_list snl = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(snl);
+    enum sudoers_formats input_format = format_sudoers;
+    struct sudo_nss testsudoers_nss;
+    char *p, *grfile, *pwfile, *shells;
+    const char *host = NULL;
+    const char *errstr;
+    int ch, dflag, exitcode = EXIT_FAILURE;
+    unsigned int validated;
+    int status = FOUND;
+    int pwflag = 0;
+    char cwdbuf[PATH_MAX];
+    time_t now;
+    id_t id;
+    debug_decl(main, SUDOERS_DEBUG_MAIN);
+
+#if defined(SUDO_DEVEL) && defined(__OpenBSD__)
+    malloc_options = "S";
+#endif
+#if YYDEBUG
+    sudoersdebug = 1;
+#endif
+
+    initprogname(argc > 0 ? argv[0] : "testsudoers");
+
+    if (!sudoers_initlocale(setlocale(LC_ALL, ""), def_sudoers_locale))
+	sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__, U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+    sudo_warn_set_locale_func(sudoers_warn_setlocale);
+    bindtextdomain("sudoers", LOCALEDIR); /* XXX - should have own domain */
+    textdomain("sudoers");
+    time(&now);
+
+    /* Initialize the debug subsystem. */
+    if (sudo_conf_read(NULL, SUDO_CONF_DEBUG) == -1)
+	goto done;
+    if (!sudoers_debug_register(getprogname(), sudo_conf_debug_files(getprogname())))
+	goto done;
+
+    dflag = 0;
+    grfile = pwfile = shells = NULL;
+    test_ctx.mode = MODE_RUN;
+    while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "+D:dg:G:h:i:L:lP:p:R:S:T:tu:U:v")) != -1) {
+	switch (ch) {
+	    case 'D':
+		test_ctx.runas.cwd = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 'd':
+		dflag = 1;
+		break;
+	    case 'G':
+		id = sudo_strtoid(optarg, &errstr);
+		if (errstr != NULL)
+		    sudo_fatalx("group-ID %s: %s", optarg, errstr);
+		test_ctx.parser_conf.sudoers_gid = (gid_t)id;
+		break;
+	    case 'g':
+		runas_group = optarg;
+		SET(test_ctx.settings.flags, RUNAS_GROUP_SPECIFIED);
+		break;
+	    case 'h':
+		host = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 'i':
+		if (strcasecmp(optarg, "ldif") == 0) {
+		    input_format = format_ldif;
+		} else if (strcasecmp(optarg, "sudoers") == 0) {
+		    input_format = format_sudoers;
+		} else {
+		    sudo_warnx(U_("unsupported input format %s"), optarg);
+		    usage();
+		}
+		break;
+	    case 'L':
+		test_ctx.runas.list_pw = sudo_getpwnam(optarg);
+		if (test_ctx.runas.list_pw == NULL) {
+		    sudo_warnx(U_("unknown user %s"), optarg);
+		    usage();
+		}
+		FALLTHROUGH;
+	    case 'l':
+		if (test_ctx.mode != MODE_RUN) {
+		    sudo_warnx(
+			"only one of the -l or -v flags may be specified");
+		    usage();
+		}
+		test_ctx.mode = MODE_LIST;
+		pwflag = I_LISTPW;
+		orig_cmnd = "list";
+		break;
+	    case 'p':
+		pwfile = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 'P':
+		grfile = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 'S':
+		shells = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 'T':
+		now = parse_gentime(optarg);
+		if (now == -1)
+		    sudo_fatalx("invalid time: %s", optarg);
+		break;
+	    case 'R':
+		test_ctx.runas.chroot = optarg;
+		break;
+	    case 't':
+		trace_print = testsudoers_error;
+		break;
+	    case 'U':
+		id = sudo_strtoid(optarg, &errstr);
+		if (errstr != NULL)
+		    sudo_fatalx("user-ID %s: %s", optarg, errstr);
+		test_ctx.parser_conf.sudoers_uid = (uid_t)id;
+		break;
+	    case 'u':
+		runas_user = optarg;
+		SET(test_ctx.settings.flags, RUNAS_USER_SPECIFIED);
+		break;
+	    case 'v':
+		if (test_ctx.mode != MODE_RUN) {
+		    sudo_warnx(
+			"only one of the -l or -v flags may be specified");
+		    usage();
+		}
+		test_ctx.mode = MODE_VALIDATE;
+		pwflag = I_VERIFYPW;
+		orig_cmnd = "validate";
+		break;
+	    default:
+		usage();
+		/* NOTREACHED */
+	}
+    }
+    argc -= optind;
+    argv += optind;
+
+    if (grfile != NULL || pwfile != NULL || shells != NULL) {
+	/* Set group/passwd/shells file and init the cache. */
+	if (grfile)
+	    testsudoers_setgrfile(grfile);
+	if (pwfile)
+	    testsudoers_setpwfile(pwfile);
+	if (shells)
+	    testsudoers_setshellfile(shells);
+
+	/* Use custom passwd/group backend. */
+	sudo_pwutil_set_backend(testsudoers_make_pwitem,
+	    testsudoers_make_gritem, testsudoers_make_gidlist_item,
+	    testsudoers_make_grlist_item, testsudoers_valid_shell);
+    }
+
+    if (argc < 2) {
+	/* No command or user specified. */
+	if (dflag) {
+	    orig_cmnd = "true";
+	} else if (pwflag == 0) {
+	    usage();
+	}
+	test_ctx.user.name = strdup(argc ? *argv++ : "root");
+	if (test_ctx.user.name == NULL) {
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__,
+		U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+	}
+	argc = 0;
+    } else {
+	if (argc > 2 && test_ctx.mode == MODE_LIST)
+	    test_ctx.mode = MODE_CHECK;
+	test_ctx.user.name = strdup(*argv++);
+	if (test_ctx.user.name == NULL) {
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__,
+		U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+	}
+	argc--;
+	if (orig_cmnd == NULL) {
+	    orig_cmnd = *argv++;
+	    argc--;
+	}
+    }
+    test_ctx.user.cmnd = strdup(orig_cmnd);
+    if (test_ctx.user.cmnd == NULL)
+	sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__, U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+    test_ctx.user.cmnd_base = sudo_basename(test_ctx.user.cmnd);
+
+    if (getcwd(cwdbuf, sizeof(cwdbuf)) == NULL)
+	strlcpy(cwdbuf, "/", sizeof(cwdbuf));
+    test_ctx.user.cwd = strdup(cwdbuf);
+    if (test_ctx.user.cwd == NULL)
+	sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__, U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+
+    if ((test_ctx.user.pw = sudo_getpwnam(test_ctx.user.name)) == NULL)
+	sudo_fatalx(U_("unknown user %s"), test_ctx.user.name);
+    test_ctx.user.uid = test_ctx.user.pw->pw_uid;
+    test_ctx.user.gid = test_ctx.user.pw->pw_gid;
+
+    if (!sudoers_sethost(&test_ctx, host, NULL))
+	goto done;
+
+    /* Fill in test_ctx.user.cmnd_args from argv. */
+    if (argc > 0) {
+	size_t n, size = 0;
+	char *cp;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+	    size += strlen(argv[i]) + 1;
+
+	if ((test_ctx.user.cmnd_args = malloc(size)) == NULL)
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__, U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+	for (cp = test_ctx.user.cmnd_args, i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+	    n = strlcpy(cp, argv[i], size - (size_t)(cp - test_ctx.user.cmnd_args));
+	    if (n >= size - (size_t)(cp - test_ctx.user.cmnd_args))
+		sudo_fatalx(U_("internal error, %s overflow"), getprogname());
+	    cp += n;
+	    *cp++ = ' ';
+	}
+	*--cp = '\0';
+    }
+
+    /* Initialize default values. */
+    if (!init_defaults())
+	sudo_fatalx("%s", U_("unable to initialize sudoers default values"));
+
+    /* Set group_plugin callback. */
+    sudo_defs_table[I_GROUP_PLUGIN].callback = cb_group_plugin;
+
+    /* Set runas callback. */
+    sudo_defs_table[I_RUNAS_DEFAULT].callback = cb_runas_default;
+
+    /* Set locale callback. */
+    sudo_defs_table[I_SUDOERS_LOCALE].callback = sudoers_locale_callback;
+
+    /* Load ip addr/mask for each interface. */
+    if (get_net_ifs(&p) > 0) {
+	if (!set_interfaces(p))
+	    sudo_fatal("%s", U_("unable to parse network address list"));
+	free(p);
+    }
+
+    /* Initialize the parser and set sudoers filename to "sudoers". */
+    test_ctx.parser_conf.strict = true;
+    test_ctx.parser_conf.verbose = 2;
+    init_parser(&test_ctx, "sudoers");
+
+    /*
+     * Set runas passwd/group entries based on command line or sudoers.
+     * Note that if runas_group was specified without runas_user we
+     * run the command as the invoking user.
+     */
+    if (runas_group != NULL) {
+        set_runasgr(&test_ctx, runas_group);
+        set_runaspw(&test_ctx, runas_user ? runas_user : test_ctx.user.name);
+    } else
+        set_runaspw(&test_ctx, runas_user ? runas_user : def_runas_default);
+
+    /* Parse the policy file. */
+    sudoers_setlocale(SUDOERS_LOCALE_SUDOERS, NULL);
+    switch (input_format) {
+    case format_ldif:
+        if (!sudoers_parse_ldif(&parsed_policy, stdin, NULL, true)) {
+	    (void) puts("Parse error in LDIF");
+	    parse_error = true;
+	}
+        break;
+    case format_sudoers:
+	if (sudoersparse() != 0)
+	    parse_error = true;
+        break;
+    default:
+        sudo_fatalx("error: unhandled input %d", input_format);
+    }
+    if (!update_defaults(&test_ctx, &parsed_policy, NULL, SETDEF_ALL, false))
+	parse_error = true;
+
+    if (!parse_error)
+	(void) puts("Parses OK");
+
+    if (dflag) {
+	(void) putchar('\n');
+	dump_sudoers();
+	if (argc < 2) {
+	    exitcode = parse_error ? 1 : 0;
+	    goto done;
+	}
+    }
+
+    /* Fake up a minimal sudo nss list with the parsed policy. */
+    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&snl, &testsudoers_nss, entries);
+    testsudoers_nss.query = testsudoers_query;
+    testsudoers_nss.parse_tree = &parsed_policy;
+
+    printf("\nEntries for user %s:\n", test_ctx.user.name);
+    validated = sudoers_lookup(&snl, &test_ctx, now, cb_lookup, NULL,
+	&status, pwflag);
+
+    /* Validate user-specified chroot or cwd (if any) and runas user shell. */
+    if (ISSET(validated, VALIDATE_SUCCESS)) {
+	if (!user_shell_valid(test_ctx.runas.pw)) {
+	    printf(U_("\nInvalid shell for user %s: %s\n"),
+		test_ctx.runas.pw->pw_name, test_ctx.runas.pw->pw_shell);
+	    CLR(validated, VALIDATE_SUCCESS);
+	    SET(validated, VALIDATE_FAILURE);
+	}
+	if (check_user_runchroot(test_ctx.runas.chroot) != true) {
+	    printf("\nUser %s is not allowed to change root directory to %s\n",
+		test_ctx.user.name, test_ctx.runas.chroot);
+	    CLR(validated, VALIDATE_SUCCESS);
+	    SET(validated, VALIDATE_FAILURE);
+	}
+	if (check_user_runcwd(test_ctx.runas.cwd) != true) {
+	    printf("\nUser %s is not allowed to change directory to %s\n",
+		test_ctx.user.name, test_ctx.runas.cwd);
+	    CLR(validated, VALIDATE_SUCCESS);
+	    SET(validated, VALIDATE_FAILURE);
+	}
+    }
+    if (def_authenticate) {
+	puts(U_("\nPassword required"));
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Exit codes:
+     *	0 - parsed OK and command matched.
+     *	1 - parse error
+     *	2 - command not matched
+     *	3 - command denied
+     */
+    if (parse_error || ISSET(validated, VALIDATE_ERROR)) {
+	puts(U_("\nParse error"));
+	exitcode = 1;
+    } else if (ISSET(validated, VALIDATE_SUCCESS)) {
+	puts(U_("\nCommand allowed"));
+	exitcode = 0;
+    } else if (ISSET(validated, VALIDATE_FAILURE)) {
+	puts(U_("\nCommand denied"));
+	exitcode = 3;
+    } else {
+	puts(U_("\nCommand unmatched"));
+	exitcode = 2;
+    }
+
+done:
+    sudoers_ctx_free(&test_ctx);
+    sudo_freepwcache();
+    sudo_freegrcache();
+    sudo_debug_exit_int(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, sudo_debug_subsys, exitcode);
+    return exitcode;
+}
+
+static void
+set_runaspw(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *user)
+{
+    struct passwd *pw = NULL;
+    debug_decl(set_runaspw, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    if (*user == '#') {
+	const char *errstr;
+	uid_t uid = sudo_strtoid(user + 1, &errstr);
+	if (errstr == NULL) {
+	    if ((pw = sudo_getpwuid(uid)) == NULL)
+		pw = sudo_fakepwnam(user, ctx->user.gid);
+	}
+    }
+    if (pw == NULL) {
+	if ((pw = sudo_getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("unknown user %s"), user);
+    }
+    if (ctx->runas.pw != NULL)
+	sudo_pw_delref(ctx->runas.pw);
+    ctx->runas.pw = pw;
+    debug_return;
+}
+
+static void
+set_runasgr(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *group)
+{
+    struct group *gr = NULL;
+    debug_decl(set_runasgr, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    if (*group == '#') {
+	const char *errstr;
+	gid_t gid = sudo_strtoid(group + 1, &errstr);
+	if (errstr == NULL) {
+	    if ((gr = sudo_getgrgid(gid)) == NULL)
+		gr = sudo_fakegrnam(group);
+	}
+    }
+    if (gr == NULL) {
+	if ((gr = sudo_getgrnam(group)) == NULL)
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("unknown group %s"), group);
+    }
+    if (ctx->runas.gr != NULL)
+	sudo_gr_delref(ctx->runas.gr);
+    ctx->runas.gr = gr;
+    debug_return;
+}
+
+bool
+cb_log_input(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *file,
+    int line, int column, const union sudo_defs_val *sd_un, int op)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+cb_log_output(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *file,
+    int line, int column, const union sudo_defs_val *sd_un, int op)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Callback for runas_default sudoers setting.
+ */
+bool
+cb_runas_default(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *file,
+    int line, int column, const union sudo_defs_val *sd_un, int op)
+{
+    /* Only reset runaspw if user didn't specify one. */
+    if (!runas_user && !runas_group)
+        set_runaspw(ctx, sd_un->str);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+sudo_nss_can_continue(const struct sudo_nss *nss, int match)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+sudo_setspent(void)
+{
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+sudo_endspent(void)
+{
+    return;
+}
+
+FILE *
+open_sudoers(const char *file, char **outfile, bool doedit, bool *keepopen)
+{
+    struct stat sb;
+    FILE *fp = NULL;
+    const char *base;
+    int error, fd;
+    debug_decl(open_sudoers, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    /* Report errors using the basename for consistent test output. */
+    base = sudo_basename(file);
+    fd = sudo_secure_open_file(file, sudoers_file_uid(), sudoers_file_gid(),
+	&sb, &error);
+    if (fd != -1) {
+	if ((fp = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
+	    sudo_warn("unable to open %s", base);
+	    close(fd);
+	}
+    } else {
+	switch (error) {
+	case SUDO_PATH_MISSING:
+	    sudo_warn("unable to open %s", base);
+	    break;
+	case SUDO_PATH_BAD_TYPE:
+	    sudo_warnx("%s is not a regular file", base);
+	    break;
+	case SUDO_PATH_WRONG_OWNER:
+	    sudo_warnx("%s should be owned by uid %u",
+		base, (unsigned int) sudoers_file_uid());
+	    break;
+	case SUDO_PATH_WORLD_WRITABLE:
+	    sudo_warnx("%s is world writable", base);
+	    break;
+	case SUDO_PATH_GROUP_WRITABLE:
+	    sudo_warnx("%s should be owned by gid %u",
+		base, (unsigned int) sudoers_file_gid());
+	    break;
+	default:
+	    sudo_warnx("%s: internal error, unexpected error %d",
+		__func__, error);
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+
+    debug_return_ptr(fp);
+}
+
+bool
+init_envtables(void)
+{
+    return(true);
+}
+
+bool
+set_perms(const struct sudoers_context *ctx, int perm)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+init_eventlog_config(void)
+{
+    return;
+}
+
+bool
+pivot_root(const char *new_root, struct sudoers_pivot *state)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+unpivot_root(struct sudoers_pivot *state)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+int
+set_cmnd_path(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const char *runchroot)
+{
+    /* Reallocate test_ctx.user.cmnd to catch bugs in command_matches(). */
+    char *new_cmnd = strdup(orig_cmnd);
+    if (new_cmnd == NULL)
+	return NOT_FOUND_ERROR;
+    free(ctx->user.cmnd);
+    ctx->user.cmnd = new_cmnd;
+    return FOUND;
+}
+
+static void
+cb_lookup(const struct sudoers_parse_tree *parse_tree,
+    const struct userspec *us, int user_match, const struct privilege *priv,
+    int host_match, const struct cmndspec *cs, int date_match, int runas_match,
+    int cmnd_match, void *closure)
+{
+    static const struct privilege *prev_priv;
+    struct sudo_lbuf lbuf;
+
+    /* Only output info for the selected user. */
+    if (user_match != ALLOW) {
+	prev_priv = NULL;
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if (priv != prev_priv) {
+	/* No word wrap on output. */
+	sudo_lbuf_init(&lbuf, testsudoers_output, 0, NULL, 0);
+	sudo_lbuf_append(&lbuf, "\n");
+	sudoers_format_privilege(&lbuf, &parsed_policy, priv, false);
+	sudo_lbuf_print(&lbuf);
+	sudo_lbuf_destroy(&lbuf);
+
+	printf("\thost  %s\n", host_match == ALLOW ? "allowed" :
+	    host_match == DENY ? "denied" : "unmatched");
+    }
+
+    if (host_match == ALLOW) {
+	if (date_match != UNSPEC)
+	    printf("\tdate  %s\n", date_match == ALLOW ? "allowed" : "denied");
+	if (date_match != DENY) {
+	    printf("\trunas %s\n", runas_match == ALLOW ? "allowed" :
+		runas_match == DENY ? "denied" : "unmatched");
+	    if (runas_match == ALLOW) {
+		printf("\tcmnd  %s\n", cmnd_match == ALLOW ? "allowed" :
+		    cmnd_match == DENY ? "denied" : "unmatched");
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    prev_priv = priv;
+}
+
+static int
+testsudoers_query(struct sudoers_context *ctx, const struct sudo_nss *nss,
+    struct passwd *pw)
+{
+    /* Nothing to do. */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static bool
+print_defaults(struct sudo_lbuf *lbuf)
+{
+    struct defaults *def, *next;
+    debug_decl(print_defaults, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(def, &parsed_policy.defaults, entries, next)
+	sudoers_format_default_line(lbuf, &parsed_policy, def, &next, false);
+
+    debug_return_bool(!sudo_lbuf_error(lbuf));
+}
+
+static int
+print_alias(struct sudoers_parse_tree *parse_tree, struct alias *a, void *v)
+{
+    struct sudo_lbuf *lbuf = v;
+    struct member *m;
+    debug_decl(print_alias, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    sudo_lbuf_append(lbuf, "%s %s = ", alias_type_to_string(a->type),
+	a->name);
+    TAILQ_FOREACH(m, &a->members, entries) {
+	if (m != TAILQ_FIRST(&a->members))
+	    sudo_lbuf_append(lbuf, ", ");
+	sudoers_format_member(lbuf, parse_tree, m, NULL, UNSPEC);
+    }
+    sudo_lbuf_append(lbuf, "\n");
+
+    debug_return_int(sudo_lbuf_error(lbuf) ? -1 : 0);
+}
+
+static bool
+print_aliases(struct sudo_lbuf *lbuf)
+{
+    debug_decl(print_aliases, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    alias_apply(&parsed_policy, print_alias, lbuf);
+
+    debug_return_bool(!sudo_lbuf_error(lbuf));
+}
+
+static void
+dump_sudoers(void)
+{
+    struct sudo_lbuf lbuf;
+    debug_decl(dump_sudoers, SUDOERS_DEBUG_UTIL);
+
+    /* No word wrap on output. */
+    sudo_lbuf_init(&lbuf, testsudoers_output, 0, NULL, 0);
+
+    /* Print Defaults */
+    if (!print_defaults(&lbuf))
+	goto done;
+    if (lbuf.len > 0) {
+	sudo_lbuf_print(&lbuf);
+	sudo_lbuf_append(&lbuf, "\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Print Aliases */
+    if (!print_aliases(&lbuf))
+	goto done;
+    if (lbuf.len > 1) {
+	sudo_lbuf_print(&lbuf);
+	sudo_lbuf_append(&lbuf, "\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Print User_Specs */
+    if (!sudoers_format_userspecs(&lbuf, &parsed_policy, NULL, false, true))
+	goto done;
+    if (lbuf.len > 1) {
+	sudo_lbuf_print(&lbuf);
+    }
+
+done:
+    if (sudo_lbuf_error(&lbuf)) {
+	if (errno == ENOMEM)
+	    sudo_fatalx(U_("%s: %s"), __func__, U_("unable to allocate memory"));
+    }
+    sudo_lbuf_destroy(&lbuf);
+
+    debug_return;
+}
+
+static int
+testsudoers_output(const char * restrict buf)
+{
+    return fputs(buf, stdout);
+}
+
+static int
+testsudoers_error(const char *restrict buf)
+{
+    return fputs(buf, stderr);
+}
+
+sudo_noreturn static void
+usage(void)
+{
+    (void) fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-dltv] [-G sudoers_gid] [-g group] [-h host] [-i input_format] [-L list_user] [-P grfile] [-p pwfile] [-S shells] [-U sudoers_uid] [-u user] <user> <command> [args]\n", getprogname());
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}