Merging upstream version 2.40.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

31 files changed, 1003 insertions, 407 deletions

diff --git a/libmount/Makemodule.am b/libmount/Makemodule.am
index 8546c2f..02fb521 100644
--- a/libmount/Makemodule.am
+++ b/libmount/Makemodule.am
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ if BUILD_LIBMOUNT
 
 include libmount/src/Makemodule.am
 include libmount/python/Makemodule.am
+include libmount/samples/Makemodule.am
 
 if ENABLE_GTK_DOC
 # Docs uses separate Makefiles
diff --git a/libmount/docs/Makefile.in b/libmount/docs/Makefile.in
index bf87c32..e74b624 100644
--- a/libmount/docs/Makefile.in
+++ b/libmount/docs/Makefile.in
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/m4/ax_check_vscript.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/lt~obsolete.m4 $(top_srcdir)/m4/nls.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/pkg.m4 $(top_srcdir)/m4/po.m4 \
 	$(top_srcdir)/m4/progtest.m4 $(top_srcdir)/m4/tls.m4 \
-	$(top_srcdir)/m4/ul.m4 $(top_srcdir)/configure.ac
+	$(top_srcdir)/m4/ul.m4 $(top_srcdir)/m4/year2038.m4 \
+	$(top_srcdir)/configure.ac
 am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
 	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
 DIST_COMMON = $(srcdir)/Makefile.am $(am__DIST_COMMON)
@@ -159,10 +160,12 @@ AUTOCONF = @AUTOCONF@
 AUTOHEADER = @AUTOHEADER@
 AUTOMAKE = @AUTOMAKE@
 AWK = @AWK@
+BISON = @BISON@
 BSD_WARN_CFLAGS = @BSD_WARN_CFLAGS@
 CC = @CC@
 CCDEPMODE = @CCDEPMODE@
 CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@
+COVERAGE_LDFLAGS = @COVERAGE_LDFLAGS@
 CPP = @CPP@
 CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@
 CRYPTSETUP_CFLAGS = @CRYPTSETUP_CFLAGS@
@@ -192,6 +195,7 @@ ETAGS = @ETAGS@
 EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@
 FGREP = @FGREP@
 FILECMD = @FILECMD@
+FLEX = @FLEX@
 FUZZING_ENGINE_LDFLAGS = @FUZZING_ENGINE_LDFLAGS@
 GETTEXT_MACRO_VERSION = @GETTEXT_MACRO_VERSION@
 GMSGFMT = @GMSGFMT@
@@ -219,6 +223,8 @@ LIBFDISK_VERSION = @LIBFDISK_VERSION@
 LIBFDISK_VERSION_INFO = @LIBFDISK_VERSION_INFO@
 LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@
 LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@
+LIBLASTLOG2_VERSION = @LIBLASTLOG2_VERSION@
+LIBLASTLOG2_VERSION_INFO = @LIBLASTLOG2_VERSION_INFO@
 LIBMOUNT_MAJOR_VERSION = @LIBMOUNT_MAJOR_VERSION@
 LIBMOUNT_MINOR_VERSION = @LIBMOUNT_MINOR_VERSION@
 LIBMOUNT_PATCH_VERSION = @LIBMOUNT_PATCH_VERSION@
@@ -244,6 +250,7 @@ MAKEINFO = @MAKEINFO@
 MANIFEST_TOOL = @MANIFEST_TOOL@
 MATH_LIBS = @MATH_LIBS@
 MKDIR_P = @MKDIR_P@
+MQ_LIBS = @MQ_LIBS@
 MSGFMT = @MSGFMT@
 MSGFMT_015 = @MSGFMT_015@
 MSGMERGE = @MSGMERGE@
@@ -257,7 +264,6 @@ NCURSES_CFLAGS = @NCURSES_CFLAGS@
 NCURSES_LIBS = @NCURSES_LIBS@
 NM = @NM@
 NMEDIT = @NMEDIT@
-NO_UNUSED_WARN_CFLAGS = @NO_UNUSED_WARN_CFLAGS@
 OBJDUMP = @OBJDUMP@
 OBJEXT = @OBJEXT@
 OTOOL = @OTOOL@
@@ -297,6 +303,8 @@ SHELL = @SHELL@
 SOCKET_LIBS = @SOCKET_LIBS@
 SOLIB_CFLAGS = @SOLIB_CFLAGS@
 SOLIB_LDFLAGS = @SOLIB_LDFLAGS@
+SQLITE3_CFLAGS = @SQLITE3_CFLAGS@
+SQLITE3_LIBS = @SQLITE3_LIBS@
 STRIP = @STRIP@
 SUID_CFLAGS = @SUID_CFLAGS@
 SUID_LDFLAGS = @SUID_LDFLAGS@
@@ -382,6 +390,7 @@ sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
 sysconfstaticdir = @sysconfstaticdir@
 systemdsystemunitdir = @systemdsystemunitdir@
 target_alias = @target_alias@
+tmpfilesdir = @tmpfilesdir@
 top_build_prefix = @top_build_prefix@
 top_builddir = @top_builddir@
 top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
@@ -391,6 +400,7 @@ usrsbin_execdir = @usrsbin_execdir@
 vendordir = @vendordir@
 with_bashcompletiondir = @with_bashcompletiondir@
 with_systemdsystemunitdir = @with_systemdsystemunitdir@
+with_tmpfilesdir = @with_tmpfilesdir@
 
 # We require automake 1.10 at least.
 AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = 1.10
diff --git a/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt b/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
index 86a7622..0b4adb5 100644
--- a/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
+++ b/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
@@ -302,6 +302,8 @@ libmnt_lock
 mnt_free_lock
 mnt_lock_file
 mnt_new_lock
+mnt_ref_lock
+mnt_unref_lock
 mnt_unlock_file
 mnt_lock_block_signals
 </SECTION>
@@ -454,5 +456,6 @@ mnt_monitor_get_fd
 mnt_monitor_close_fd
 mnt_monitor_next_change
 mnt_monitor_event_cleanup
+mnt_monitor_veil_kernel
 mnt_monitor_wait
 </SECTION>
diff --git a/libmount/docs/version.xml b/libmount/docs/version.xml
index a69af57..4bdd32f 100644
--- a/libmount/docs/version.xml
+++ b/libmount/docs/version.xml
@@ -1 +1 @@
-2.39.3
+2.40
diff --git a/libmount/meson.build b/libmount/meson.build
index 55de27b..d1262e7 100644
--- a/libmount/meson.build
+++ b/libmount/meson.build
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ lib_mount_static = static_library(
 
 lib__mount_deps = [
   lib_selinux,
-  get_option('cryptsetup-dlopen').enabled() ? lib_dl : lib_cryptsetup,
+  cryptsetup_dlopen ? lib_dl : lib_cryptsetup,
   realtime_libs
 ]
 lib_mount = library(
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ libmount_tests = [
   'context',
   'lock',
   'optstr',
+  'optlist',
   'tab',
   'tab_diff',
   'monitor',
@@ -129,20 +130,22 @@ libmount_test_src_override = {
   'debug': 'init',
 }
 
-foreach libmount_test: libmount_tests
-  test_name = 'test_mount_' + libmount_test
-  exe = executable(
-    test_name,
-    'src/' + libmount_test_src_override.get(libmount_test, libmount_test) + '.c',
-    include_directories : [dir_include, dir_libblkid],
-    link_with : [lib__mount, lib_common, lib_blkid_static],
-    dependencies : lib__mount_deps,
-    c_args : ['-DTEST_PROGRAM'],
-  )
-  # the test-setup expects the helpers in the toplevel build-directory
-  link = meson.project_build_root() / test_name
-  run_command('ln', '-srf', exe.full_path(), link,
-    check : true)
-endforeach
+if program_tests
+  foreach libmount_test: libmount_tests
+    test_name = 'test_mount_' + libmount_test
+    exe = executable(
+      test_name,
+      'src/' + libmount_test_src_override.get(libmount_test, libmount_test) + '.c',
+      include_directories : [dir_include, dir_libblkid],
+      link_with : [lib__mount, lib_common, lib_blkid_static],
+      dependencies : lib__mount_deps,
+      c_args : ['-DTEST_PROGRAM'],
+    )
+    # the test-setup expects the helpers in the toplevel build-directory
+    link = meson.project_build_root() / test_name
+    run_command('ln', '-srf', exe.full_path(), link,
+      check : true)
+  endforeach
+endif
 
 subdir('python')
diff --git a/libmount/python/context.c b/libmount/python/context.c
index 353a893..36cf488 100644
--- a/libmount/python/context.c
+++ b/libmount/python/context.c
@@ -1175,43 +1175,17 @@ static PyObject *Context_repr(ContextObjext *self)
 
 PyTypeObject ContextType = {
 	PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
-	"libmount.Context", /*tp_name*/
-	sizeof(ContextObjext), /*tp_basicsize*/
-	0, /*tp_itemsize*/
-	(destructor)Context_dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/
-	0, /*tp_print*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_compare*/
-	(reprfunc) Context_repr,
-	NULL, /*tp_as_number*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_sequence*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_mapping*/
-	NULL, /*tp_hash */
-	NULL, /*tp_call*/
-	NULL, /*tp_str*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_buffer*/
-	Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
-	Context_HELP, /* tp_doc */
-	NULL, /* tp_traverse */
-	NULL, /* tp_clear */
-	NULL, /* tp_richcompare */
-	0, /* tp_weaklistoffset */
-	NULL, /* tp_iter */
-	NULL, /* tp_iternext */
-	Context_methods, /* tp_methods */
-	Context_members, /* tp_members */
-	Context_getseters, /* tp_getset */
-	NULL, /* tp_base */
-	NULL, /* tp_dict */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_get */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_set */
-	0, /* tp_dictoffset */
-	(initproc)Context_init, /* tp_init */
-	NULL, /* tp_alloc */
-	Context_new, /* tp_new */
+	.tp_name = "libmount.Context",
+	.tp_basicsize = sizeof(ContextObjext),
+	.tp_dealloc = (destructor)Context_dealloc,
+	.tp_repr = (reprfunc) Context_repr,
+	.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,
+	.tp_doc = Context_HELP,
+	.tp_methods = Context_methods,
+	.tp_members = Context_members,
+	.tp_getset = Context_getseters,
+	.tp_init = (initproc)Context_init,
+	.tp_new = Context_new,
 };
 
 void Context_AddModuleObject(PyObject *mod)
diff --git a/libmount/python/fs.c b/libmount/python/fs.c
index e989124..ccb2460 100644
--- a/libmount/python/fs.c
+++ b/libmount/python/fs.c
@@ -832,43 +832,17 @@ static PyObject *Fs_copy_fs(FsObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
 
 PyTypeObject FsType = {
 	PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
-	"libmount.Fs", /*tp_name*/
-	sizeof(FsObject), /*tp_basicsize*/
-	0, /*tp_itemsize*/
-	(destructor)Fs_destructor, /*tp_dealloc*/
-	0, /*tp_print*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_compare*/
-	(reprfunc)Fs_repr, /*tp_repr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_number*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_sequence*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_mapping*/
-	NULL, /*tp_hash */
-	NULL, /*tp_call*/
-	NULL, /*tp_str*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_buffer*/
-	Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
-	Fs_HELP, /* tp_doc */
-	NULL, /* tp_traverse */
-	NULL, /* tp_clear */
-	NULL, /* tp_richcompare */
-	0, /* tp_weaklistoffset */
-	NULL, /* tp_iter */
-	NULL, /* tp_iternext */
-	Fs_methods, /* tp_methods */
-	Fs_members, /* tp_members */
-	Fs_getseters, /* tp_getset */
-	NULL, /* tp_base */
-	NULL, /* tp_dict */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_get */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_set */
-	0, /* tp_dictoffset */
-	(initproc)Fs_init, /* tp_init */
-	NULL, /* tp_alloc */
-	Fs_new, /* tp_new */
+	.tp_name = "libmount.Fs",
+	.tp_basicsize = sizeof(FsObject),
+	.tp_dealloc = (destructor)Fs_destructor,
+	.tp_repr = (reprfunc)Fs_repr,
+	.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,
+	.tp_doc = Fs_HELP,
+	.tp_methods = Fs_methods,
+	.tp_members = Fs_members,
+	.tp_getset = Fs_getseters,
+	.tp_init = (initproc)Fs_init,
+	.tp_new = Fs_new,
 };
 
 void FS_AddModuleObject(PyObject *mod)
diff --git a/libmount/python/meson.build b/libmount/python/meson.build
index c5feb7b..e1a79d1 100644
--- a/libmount/python/meson.build
+++ b/libmount/python/meson.build
@@ -17,23 +17,23 @@ if LINUX
   pylibmount_sources += 'context.c'
 endif
 
-python.extension_module(
-  'pylibmount',
-  pylibmount_sources,
-  include_directories : [dir_include, dir_libmount],
-  subdir : 'libmount',
-  link_with : lib_mount,
-  dependencies : python.dependency(),
-  c_args : [
-    '-Wno-cast-function-type',
+if build_python
+  python.extension_module(
+    'pylibmount',
+    pylibmount_sources,
+    include_directories : [dir_include, dir_libmount],
+    subdir : 'libmount',
+    link_with : lib_mount,
+    dependencies : python.dependency(),
+    c_args : [
+      '-Wno-cast-function-type',
 
-    # https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues/2366
-    python.language_version().version_compare('>=3.12') ?
-      [ '-Wno-error=redundant-decls' ] : [],
-  ],
-  install : true)
+      # https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues/2366
+      python.language_version().version_compare('>=3.12') ?
+        [ '-Wno-error=redundant-decls' ] : [],
+    ],
+    install : true)
 
-if build_python
   python.install_sources(
     '__init__.py',
     subdir : 'libmount',
diff --git a/libmount/python/tab.c b/libmount/python/tab.c
index 000bc13..d33a1fe 100644
--- a/libmount/python/tab.c
+++ b/libmount/python/tab.c
@@ -731,43 +731,17 @@ static PyObject *Table_repr(TableObject *self)
 
 PyTypeObject TableType = {
 	PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
-	"libmount.Table", /*tp_name*/
-	sizeof(TableObject), /*tp_basicsize*/
-	0, /*tp_itemsize*/
-	(destructor)Table_destructor, /*tp_dealloc*/
-	0, /*tp_print*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_compare*/
-	(reprfunc) Table_repr, /*tp_repr*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_number*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_sequence*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_mapping*/
-	NULL, /*tp_hash */
-	NULL, /*tp_call*/
-	NULL, /*tp_str*/
-	NULL, /*tp_getattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_setattro*/
-	NULL, /*tp_as_buffer*/
-	Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
-	Table_HELP, /* tp_doc */
-	NULL, /* tp_traverse */
-	NULL, /* tp_clear */
-	NULL, /* tp_richcompare */
-	0, /* tp_weaklistoffset */
-	NULL, /* tp_iter */
-	NULL, /* tp_iternext */
-	Table_methods, /* tp_methods */
-	Table_members, /* tp_members */
-	Table_getseters, /* tp_getset */
-	NULL, /* tp_base */
-	NULL, /* tp_dict */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_get */
-	NULL, /* tp_descr_set */
-	0, /* tp_dictoffset */
-	(initproc)Table_init, /* tp_init */
-	NULL, /* tp_alloc */
-	Table_new, /* tp_new */
+	.tp_name = "libmount.Table",
+	.tp_basicsize = sizeof(TableObject),
+	.tp_dealloc = (destructor)Table_destructor,
+	.tp_repr = (reprfunc) Table_repr,
+	.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,
+	.tp_doc = Table_HELP,
+	.tp_methods = Table_methods,
+	.tp_members = Table_members,
+	.tp_getset = Table_getseters,
+	.tp_init = (initproc)Table_init,
+	.tp_new = Table_new,
 };
 
 void Table_AddModuleObject(PyObject *mod)
diff --git a/libmount/samples/Makemodule.am b/libmount/samples/Makemodule.am
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e223ea6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libmount/samples/Makemodule.am
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+check_PROGRAMS += \
+	sample-mount-overwrite
+
+sample_mount_cflags = $(AM_CFLAGS) -I$(ul_libmount_incdir)
+sample_mount_ldadd = libmount.la $(LDADD)
+
+
+sample_mount_overwrite_SOURCES = libmount/samples/overwrite.c
+sample_mount_overwrite_LDADD =  $(sample_mount_ldadd)
+sample_mount_overwrite_CFLAGS = $(sample_mount_cflags)
diff --git a/libmount/samples/overwrite.c b/libmount/samples/overwrite.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff11b71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libmount/samples/overwrite.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License.
+ *
+ *
+ * This sample reads the mountpoint entry from /etc/fstab and mounts it to the
+ * different (on the command line specified) mountpoint. The mount options
+ * settings are read from fstab.
+ */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "c.h"
+
+#include "libmount.h"
+
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	char *target, *fstab_target;
+        struct libmnt_table *tab;
+        struct libmnt_fs *fs;
+        struct libmnt_context *cxt;
+	int rc;
+
+	if (argc != 3)
+		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "usage: %s <mnt-from-fstab> <target>",
+				program_invocation_short_name);
+
+	fstab_target = argv[1];
+	target = argv[2];
+
+	printf("Mounting %s from fstab to %s\n", fstab_target, target);
+
+	tab = mnt_new_table_from_file("/etc/fstab");
+	if (!tab)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to parse fstab");
+
+	fs = mnt_table_find_target(tab, fstab_target, MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
+	if (!fs)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "cannot found %s in fstab", argv[1]);
+
+        cxt = mnt_new_context();
+	if (!cxt)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "cannot allocate context");
+
+	mnt_context_set_fs(cxt, fs);
+	mnt_context_set_target(cxt, target);
+
+	rc = mnt_context_mount(cxt);
+
+	printf("Done: rc=%d status=%d\n", rc, mnt_context_get_status(cxt));
+
+	mnt_free_context(cxt);
+	mnt_unref_table(tab);
+	return rc == 0 && mnt_context_get_status(cxt) == 1 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
diff --git a/libmount/src/Makemodule.am b/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
index 367bc46..f8cedbd 100644
--- a/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
+++ b/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ check_PROGRAMS += test_mount_context test_mount_context_mount
 check_PROGRAMS += test_mount_monitor
 endif
 
-libmount_tests_cflags  = -DTEST_PROGRAM $(libmount_la_CFLAGS) $(NO_UNUSED_WARN_CFLAGS)
+libmount_tests_cflags  = -DTEST_PROGRAM $(libmount_la_CFLAGS)
 libmount_tests_ldflags = -static
 libmount_tests_ldadd   = libmount.la libblkid.la $(LDADD) $(REALTIME_LIBS)
 
diff --git a/libmount/src/cache.c b/libmount/src/cache.c
index 6286aeb..b795634 100644
--- a/libmount/src/cache.c
+++ b/libmount/src/cache.c
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ static int cache_add_entry(struct libmnt_cache *cache, char *key,
 	if (cache->nents == cache->nallocs) {
 		size_t sz = cache->nallocs + MNT_CACHE_CHUNKSZ;
 
-		e = realloc(cache->ents, sz * sizeof(struct mnt_cache_entry));
+		e = reallocarray(cache->ents, sz, sizeof(struct mnt_cache_entry));
 		if (!e)
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		cache->ents = e;
@@ -748,7 +748,9 @@ char *mnt_resolve_spec(const char *spec, struct libmnt_cache *cache)
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
-static int test_resolve_path(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_resolve_path(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			     int argc __attribute__((unused)),
+			     char *argv[] __attribute__((unused)))
 {
 	char line[BUFSIZ];
 	struct libmnt_cache *cache;
@@ -771,7 +773,9 @@ static int test_resolve_path(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_resolve_spec(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_resolve_spec(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			     int argc __attribute__((unused)),
+			     char *argv[] __attribute__((unused)))
 {
 	char line[BUFSIZ];
 	struct libmnt_cache *cache;
@@ -794,7 +798,9 @@ static int test_resolve_spec(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_read_tags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_read_tags(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			  int argc __attribute__((unused)),
+			  char *argv[] __attribute__((unused)))
 {
 	char line[BUFSIZ];
 	struct libmnt_cache *cache;
diff --git a/libmount/src/context.c b/libmount/src/context.c
index 0cd3201..952287a 100644
--- a/libmount/src/context.c
+++ b/libmount/src/context.c
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ void mnt_free_context(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 	mnt_unref_optlist(cxt->optlist_saved);
 	mnt_unref_optlist(cxt->optlist);
 
-	mnt_free_lock(cxt->lock);
+	mnt_unref_lock(cxt->lock);
 	mnt_free_update(cxt->update);
 
 	mnt_context_set_target_ns(cxt, NULL);
@@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ int mnt_context_reset_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 	if (!cxt)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
+	reset_syscall_status(cxt);
+
 	cxt->syscall_status = 1;		/* means not called yet */
 	cxt->helper_exec_status = 1;
 	cxt->helper_status = 0;
@@ -549,10 +551,10 @@ int mnt_context_enable_onlyonce(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
 }
 
 /**
- * mnt_context_is_lazy:
+ * mnt_context_is_onlyonce:
  * @cxt: mount context
  *
- * Returns: 1 if lazy umount is enabled or 0
+ * Returns: 1 if only-once mount is enabled or 0
  */
 int mnt_context_is_onlyonce(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 {
@@ -2179,6 +2181,10 @@ int mnt_context_prepare_update(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 		rc = mnt_update_set_fs(cxt->update, flags,
 					NULL, cxt->fs);
 
+	if (mnt_update_is_ready(cxt->update)) {
+		DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "update is ready"));
+		mnt_update_start(cxt->update);
+	}
 	return rc < 0 ? rc : 0;
 }
 
@@ -2207,9 +2213,9 @@ int mnt_context_update_tabs(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 	    && mnt_context_get_helper_status(cxt) == 0
 	    && mnt_context_utab_writable(cxt)) {
 
-		if (mnt_update_already_done(cxt->update, cxt->lock)) {
+		if (mnt_update_already_done(cxt->update)) {
 			DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: error evaluate or already updated"));
-			goto end;
+			goto emit;
 		}
 	} else if (cxt->helper) {
 		DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: external helper"));
@@ -2225,8 +2231,13 @@ int mnt_context_update_tabs(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 	}
 
 	rc = mnt_update_table(cxt->update, cxt->lock);
+emit:
+	if (rc == 0 && !mnt_context_within_helper(cxt))
+		mnt_update_emit_event(cxt->update);
 
 end:
+	mnt_update_end(cxt->update);
+
 	if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
 		return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;
 	return rc;
@@ -2737,7 +2748,6 @@ int mnt_context_get_excode(
 	return rc;
 }
 
-
 /**
  * mnt_context_init_helper
  * @cxt: mount context
@@ -2773,6 +2783,14 @@ int mnt_context_init_helper(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int action,
 	return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+ * libmount used in /sbin/[u]mount.<type> helper
+ */
+int mnt_context_within_helper(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
+{
+	return cxt && (cxt->flags & MNT_FL_HELPER);
+}
+
 /**
  * mnt_context_helper_setopt:
  * @cxt: context
@@ -2850,7 +2868,7 @@ static int mnt_context_add_child(struct libmnt_context *cxt, pid_t pid)
 	if (!cxt)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	pids = realloc(cxt->children, sizeof(pid_t) * cxt->nchildren + 1);
+	pids = reallocarray(cxt->children, cxt->nchildren + 1, sizeof(pid_t));
 	if (!pids)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -3166,7 +3184,8 @@ struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_switch_target_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
-static int test_search_helper(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_search_helper(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
 	const char *type;
@@ -3200,7 +3219,8 @@ static void lock_fallback(void)
 		mnt_unlock_file(lock);
 }
 
-static int test_mount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_mount(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int idx = 1, rc = 0;
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
@@ -3250,7 +3270,8 @@ static int test_mount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_umount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_umount(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		       int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int idx = 1, rc = 0;
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
@@ -3305,7 +3326,8 @@ err:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int idx = 1, rc = 0;
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
@@ -3343,7 +3365,8 @@ static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_cxtsync(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_cxtsync(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
@@ -3387,7 +3410,8 @@ static int test_cxtsync(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_mountall(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_mountall(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			 int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
 	struct libmnt_iter *itr;
@@ -3405,10 +3429,8 @@ static int test_mountall(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 			mnt_context_set_options_pattern(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
 			idx += 2;
 		}
-		if (argv[idx] && !strcmp(argv[idx], "-t")) {
+		if (argv[idx] && !strcmp(argv[idx], "-t"))
 			mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
-			idx += 2;
-		}
 	}
 
 	while (mnt_context_next_mount(cxt, itr, &fs, &mntrc, &ignored) == 0) {
diff --git a/libmount/src/context_mount.c b/libmount/src/context_mount.c
index 41986e7..478a9fd 100644
--- a/libmount/src/context_mount.c
+++ b/libmount/src/context_mount.c
@@ -1571,6 +1571,12 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 	 */
 	syserr = mnt_context_get_syscall_errno(cxt);
 
+	if (buf && cxt->syscall_errmsg) {
+		snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("%s system call failed: %s"),
+					cxt->syscall_name ? : "mount",
+					cxt->syscall_errmsg);
+		return MNT_EX_FAIL;
+	}
 
 	switch(syserr) {
 	case EPERM:
@@ -1617,10 +1623,8 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 				return MNT_EX_SUCCESS;
 			if (buf)
 				snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("special device %s does not exist"), src);
-		} else if (buf) {
-			errno = syserr;
-			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("mount(2) system call failed: %m"));
-		}
+		} else
+			goto generic_error;
 		break;
 
 	case ENOTDIR:
@@ -1633,10 +1637,8 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 			if (buf)
 				snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("special device %s does not exist "
 					 "(a path prefix is not a directory)"), src);
-		} else if (buf) {
-			errno = syserr;
-			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("mount(2) system call failed: %m"));
-		}
+		} else
+			goto generic_error;
 		break;
 
 	case EINVAL:
@@ -1717,10 +1719,8 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("cannot remount %s read-write, is write-protected"), src);
 		else if (mflags & MS_BIND)
 			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("bind %s failed"), src);
-		else {
-			errno = syserr;
-			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("mount(2) system call failed: %m"));
-		}
+		else
+			goto generic_error;
 		break;
 
 	case ENOMEDIUM:
@@ -1740,9 +1740,11 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 		/* fallthrough */
 
 	default:
+	generic_error:
 		if (buf) {
 			errno = syserr;
-			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("mount(2) system call failed: %m"));
+			snprintf(buf, bufsz, _("%s system call failed: %m"),
+					cxt->syscall_name ? : "mount");
 		}
 		break;
 	}
@@ -1752,7 +1754,8 @@ int mnt_context_get_mount_excode(
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
-static int test_perms(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_perms(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ls;
@@ -1795,7 +1798,8 @@ static int test_perms(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_fixopts(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_fixopts(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_context *cxt;
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ls;
diff --git a/libmount/src/context_umount.c b/libmount/src/context_umount.c
index 26394d5..79b6237 100644
--- a/libmount/src/context_umount.c
+++ b/libmount/src/context_umount.c
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ static int lookup_umount_fs_by_statfs(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *tg
 	 */
 	if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)
 	    || *tgt != '/'
-	    || (cxt->flags & MNT_FL_HELPER)
+	    || mnt_context_within_helper(cxt)
 	    || mnt_context_is_force(cxt)
 	    || mnt_context_is_lazy(cxt)
 	    || mnt_context_is_nocanonicalize(cxt)
diff --git a/libmount/src/hook_loopdev.c b/libmount/src/hook_loopdev.c
index 8c8f7f2..597b933 100644
--- a/libmount/src/hook_loopdev.c
+++ b/libmount/src/hook_loopdev.c
@@ -140,10 +140,6 @@ static int setup_loopdev(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 
 	DBG(LOOP, ul_debugobj(cxt, "trying to setup device for %s", backing_file));
 
-	ol = mnt_context_get_optlist(cxt);
-	if (!ol)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
 	if (mnt_optlist_is_rdonly(ol)) {
 		DBG(LOOP, ul_debugobj(cxt, "enabling READ-ONLY flag"));
 		lo_flags |= LO_FLAGS_READ_ONLY;
@@ -356,15 +352,19 @@ success:
 			 */
 			mnt_optlist_append_flags(ol, MS_RDONLY, cxt->map_linux);
 
-		/* we have to keep the device open until mount(1),
-		 * otherwise it will be auto-cleared by kernel
+		/*
+		 * We have to keep the device open until mount(1), otherwise it
+		 * will be auto-cleared by kernel. However we don't want to
+		 * keep writeable fd as kernel wants to block all writers to
+		 * the device being mounted (in the more hardened
+		 * configurations). So grab read-only fd instead.
 		 */
-		hd->loopdev_fd = loopcxt_get_fd(&lc);
+		hd->loopdev_fd = open(lc.device, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
 		if (hd->loopdev_fd < 0) {
-			DBG(LOOP, ul_debugobj(cxt, "failed to get loopdev FD"));
+			DBG(LOOP,
+			    ul_debugobj(cxt, "failed to reopen loopdev FD"));
 			rc = -errno;
-		} else
-			loopcxt_set_fd(&lc, -1, 0);
+		}
 	}
 done:
 	loopcxt_deinit(&lc);
diff --git a/libmount/src/hook_mount.c b/libmount/src/hook_mount.c
index dc3dfa7..f0cc381 100644
--- a/libmount/src/hook_mount.c
+++ b/libmount/src/hook_mount.c
@@ -65,6 +65,42 @@ static void close_sysapi_fds(struct libmnt_sysapi *api)
 	api->fd_tree = api->fd_fs = -1;
 }
 
+static void save_fd_messages(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int fd)
+{
+	uint8_t buf[BUFSIZ];
+	int rc;
+
+	free(cxt->syscall_errmsg);
+	cxt->syscall_errmsg = NULL;
+
+	while ((rc = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != -1) {
+		if (rc > 0 && buf[rc - 1] == '\n')
+			buf[rc - 1] = '\0';
+		DBG(CXT, ul_debug("message from kernel: \"%*s\"", rc, buf));
+
+		if (rc < 3 || strncmp((char *) buf, "e ", 2) != 0)
+			continue;
+		if (cxt->syscall_errmsg)
+			strappend(&cxt->syscall_errmsg, "; ");
+
+		strappend(&cxt->syscall_errmsg, ((char *) buf) + 2);
+	}
+}
+
+static void hookset_set_syscall_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
+				       const char *name, int x)
+{
+	struct libmnt_sysapi *api;
+
+	set_syscall_status(cxt, name, x);
+
+	if (!x) {
+		api = get_sysapi(cxt);
+		if (api && api->fd_fs >= 0)
+			save_fd_messages(cxt, api->fd_fs);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * This hookset uses 'struct libmnt_sysapi' (mountP.h) as hookset data.
  */
@@ -122,26 +158,33 @@ static inline int fsconfig_set_value(
 			const char *name, const char *value)
 {
 	int rc;
-	char *p = NULL;
+	char *s = NULL;
 
+	/* "\," is a way to use comma in values, let's remove \ escape */
 	if (value && strstr(value, "\\,")) {
-		p = strdup(value);
-		if (!p)
-			return -EINVAL;
+		char *x, *p;
 
-		strrem(p, '\\');
-		value = p;
+		s = strdup(value);
+		if (!s)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		for (x = p = s; *x; p++, x++) {
+			if (*x == '\\' && *(x + 1) == ',')
+				x++;
+			*p = *x;
+		}
+		*p = '\0';
+		value = s;
 	}
 
 	DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "  fsconfig(name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\")", name,
 				value ? : ""));
 	if (value) {
 		rc = fsconfig(fd, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, name, value, 0);
-		free(p);
+		free(s);
 	} else
 		rc = fsconfig(fd, FSCONFIG_SET_FLAG, name, NULL, 0);
 
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -181,6 +224,9 @@ static int configure_superblock(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 			/* Ignore VFS flags, userspace and external options */
 			continue;
 
+		if (!value && mnt_opt_is_sepnodata(opt))
+			value = "";	/* force use the value as string */
+
 		rc = fsconfig_set_value(cxt, hs, fd, name, value);
 		if (rc != 0)
 			goto done;
@@ -206,7 +252,7 @@ static int open_fs_configuration_context(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	DBG(HOOK, ul_debug(" fsopen(%s)", type));
 
 	api->fd_fs = fsopen(type, FSOPEN_CLOEXEC);
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsopen", api->fd_fs >= 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsopen", api->fd_fs >= 0);
 	if (api->fd_fs < 0)
 		return -errno;
 	api->is_new_fs = 1;
@@ -245,7 +291,7 @@ static int open_mount_tree(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *path, unsigne
 				oflg & OPEN_TREE_CLONE ? " clone" : "",
 				oflg & AT_RECURSIVE ? " recursive" : ""));
 	fd = open_tree(AT_FDCWD, path, oflg);
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "open_tree", fd >= 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "open_tree", fd >= 0);
 
 	return fd;
 }
@@ -285,19 +331,19 @@ static int hook_create_mount(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "init FS"));
 
 	rc = fsconfig(api->fd_fs, FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, "source", src, 0);
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
 
 	if (!rc)
 		rc = configure_superblock(cxt, hs, api->fd_fs, 0);
 	if (!rc) {
 		DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "create FS"));
 		rc = fsconfig(api->fd_fs, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE, NULL, NULL, 0);
-		set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
+		hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
 	}
 
 	if (!rc) {
 		api->fd_tree = fsmount(api->fd_fs, FSMOUNT_CLOEXEC, 0);
-		set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsmount", api->fd_tree >= 0);
+		hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsmount", api->fd_tree >= 0);
 		if (api->fd_tree < 0)
 			rc = -errno;
 	}
@@ -346,7 +392,7 @@ static int hook_reconfigure_mount(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	if (api->fd_fs < 0) {
 		api->fd_fs = fspick(api->fd_tree, "", FSPICK_EMPTY_PATH |
 						      FSPICK_NO_AUTOMOUNT);
-		set_syscall_status(cxt, "fspick", api->fd_fs >= 0);
+		hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fspick", api->fd_fs >= 0);
 		if (api->fd_fs < 0)
 			return -errno;
 	}
@@ -355,7 +401,7 @@ static int hook_reconfigure_mount(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	if (!rc) {
 		DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "re-configurate FS"));
 		rc = fsconfig(api->fd_fs, FSCONFIG_CMD_RECONFIGURE, NULL, NULL, 0);
-		set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
+		hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsconfig", rc == 0);
 	}
 
 	DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "reconf FS done [rc=%d]", rc));
@@ -393,7 +439,7 @@ static int set_vfsflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 
 	errno = 0;
 	rc = mount_setattr(api->fd_tree, "", callflags, &attr, sizeof(attr));
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "mount_setattr", rc == 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "mount_setattr", rc == 0);
 
 	if (rc && errno == EINVAL)
 		return -MNT_ERR_APPLYFLAGS;
@@ -485,7 +531,7 @@ static int hook_set_propagation(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 			(uint64_t) attr.propagation));
 
 		rc = mount_setattr(api->fd_tree, "", flgs, &attr, sizeof(attr));
-		set_syscall_status(cxt, "mount_setattr", rc == 0);
+		hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "mount_setattr", rc == 0);
 
 		if (rc && errno == EINVAL)
 			return -MNT_ERR_APPLYFLAGS;
@@ -527,7 +573,7 @@ static int hook_attach_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	}
 
 	rc = move_mount(api->fd_tree, "", AT_FDCWD, target, MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH);
-	set_syscall_status(cxt, "move_mount", rc == 0);
+	hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "move_mount", rc == 0);
 
 	return rc == 0 ? 0 : -errno;
 }
@@ -613,7 +659,7 @@ static int init_sysapi(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 		else if (!fsopen_is_supported()) {
 			errno = ENOSYS;
 			rc = -errno;
-			set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsopen", rc == 0);
+			hookset_set_syscall_status(cxt, "fsopen", rc == 0);
 		}
 		if (rc < 0)
 			goto fail;
diff --git a/libmount/src/hook_veritydev.c b/libmount/src/hook_veritydev.c
index f91778a..6a9e644 100644
--- a/libmount/src/hook_veritydev.c
+++ b/libmount/src/hook_veritydev.c
@@ -349,25 +349,8 @@ static int setup_veritydev(	struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	backing_file = mnt_fs_get_srcpath(cxt->fs);
 	if (!backing_file)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	else {
-		/* To avoid clashes, prefix libmnt_ to all mapper devices */
-		char *p, *path = strdup(backing_file);
-		if (!path)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-
-		p = stripoff_last_component(path);
-		if (p)
-			mapper_device = calloc(strlen(p) + sizeof("libmnt_"), sizeof(char));
-		if (mapper_device) {
-			strcat(mapper_device, "libmnt_");
-			strcat(mapper_device, p);
-		}
-		free(path);
-		if (!mapper_device)
-			return -ENOMEM;
-	}
 
-	DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "verity: setup for %s [%s]", backing_file, mapper_device));
+	DBG(HOOK, ul_debugobj(hs, "verity: setup for %s", backing_file));
 
 	/* verity.hashdevice= */
 	if (!rc && (opt = mnt_optlist_get_opt(ol, MNT_MS_HASH_DEVICE, cxt->map_userspace)))
@@ -467,6 +450,13 @@ static int setup_veritydev(	struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 		rc = -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	/* To avoid clashes, use the roothash as the device name. This allows us to reuse already open devices, saving
+	 * a lot of time and resources when there are duplicated mounts. If the roothash is the same, then the volumes
+	 * are also guaranteed to be identical. This is what systemd also does, so we can deduplicate across the whole
+	 * system. */
+	if (asprintf(&mapper_device, "%s-verity", root_hash) < 0)
+		rc = -ENOMEM;
+
 	if (!rc)
 		rc = verity_call( crypt_init_data_device(&crypt_dev, hash_device, backing_file) );
 	if (rc)
@@ -506,7 +496,9 @@ static int setup_veritydev(	struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	 * If the mapper device already exists, and if libcryptsetup supports it, get the root
 	 * hash associated with the existing one and compare it with the parameter passed by
 	 * the user. If they match, then we can be sure the user intended to mount the exact
-	 * same device, and simply reuse it and return success.
+	 * same device, and simply reuse it and return success. Although we use the roothash
+	 * as the device mapper name, and root privileges are required to open them, better be
+	 * safe than sorry, so double check that the actual root hash used matches.
 	 * The kernel does the refcounting for us.
 	 * If libcryptsetup does not support getting the root hash out of an existing device,
 	 * then return an error and tell the user that the device is already in use.
@@ -562,15 +554,10 @@ static int setup_veritydev(	struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 	}
 
 	if (!rc) {
-		hsd->devname = calloc(strlen(mapper_device)
-					+ sizeof(_PATH_DEV_MAPPER) + 2, sizeof(char));
-		if (!hsd->devname)
+		if (asprintf(&hsd->devname, _PATH_DEV_MAPPER "/%s", mapper_device) == -1)
 			rc = -ENOMEM;
-		else {
-			strcat(hsd->devname, _PATH_DEV_MAPPER "/");
-			strcat(hsd->devname, mapper_device);
+		else
 			rc = mnt_fs_set_source(cxt->fs, hsd->devname);
-		}
 	}
 
 done:
diff --git a/libmount/src/libmount.h.in b/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
index 06c2704..d893c26 100644
--- a/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
+++ b/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
@@ -444,6 +444,8 @@ extern const struct libmnt_optmap *mnt_get_builtin_optmap(int id);
 /* lock.c */
 extern struct libmnt_lock *mnt_new_lock(const char *datafile, pid_t id)
 			__ul_attribute__((warn_unused_result));
+extern void mnt_ref_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml);
+extern void mnt_unref_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml);
 extern void mnt_free_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml);
 
 extern void mnt_unlock_file(struct libmnt_lock *ml);
@@ -697,6 +699,8 @@ extern int mnt_monitor_enable_kernel(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int enable);
 extern int mnt_monitor_enable_userspace(struct libmnt_monitor *mn,
 				int enable, const char *filename);
 
+extern int mnt_monitor_veil_kernel(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int enable);
+
 extern int mnt_monitor_get_fd(struct libmnt_monitor *mn);
 extern int mnt_monitor_close_fd(struct libmnt_monitor *mn);
 extern int mnt_monitor_wait(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int timeout);
diff --git a/libmount/src/libmount.sym b/libmount/src/libmount.sym
index 715bb5c..2b6b12d 100644
--- a/libmount/src/libmount.sym
+++ b/libmount/src/libmount.sym
@@ -370,8 +370,14 @@ MOUNT_2_38 {
 MOUNT_2_39 {
 	mnt_cache_set_sbprobe;
 	mnt_context_enable_onlyonce;
-	mnt_context_is_lazy;
+	mnt_context_is_onlyonce;
 	mnt_context_enable_noautofs;
 	mnt_table_enable_noautofs;
 	mnt_table_is_noautofs;
 } MOUNT_2_38;
+
+MOUNT_2_40 {
+	mnt_ref_lock;
+	mnt_unref_lock;
+	mnt_monitor_veil_kernel;
+} MOUNT_2_39;
diff --git a/libmount/src/lock.c b/libmount/src/lock.c
index 4835406..8aca8a7 100644
--- a/libmount/src/lock.c
+++ b/libmount/src/lock.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
  * lock handler
  */
 struct libmnt_lock {
+	int	refcount;	/* reference counter */
 	char	*lockfile;	/* path to lock file (e.g. /etc/mtab~) */
 	int	lockfile_fd;	/* lock file descriptor */
 
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ struct libmnt_lock *mnt_new_lock(const char *datafile, pid_t id __attribute__((_
 	if (!ml)
 		goto err;
 
+	ml->refcount = 1;
 	ml->lockfile_fd = -1;
 	ml->lockfile = lo;
 
@@ -89,18 +91,57 @@ err:
  * mnt_free_lock:
  * @ml: struct libmnt_lock handler
  *
- * Deallocates mnt_lock.
+ * Deallocates libmnt_lock. This function does not care about reference count. Don't
+ * use this function directly -- it's better to use mnt_unref_lock().
+ *
+ * The reference counting is supported since util-linux v2.40.
  */
 void mnt_free_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml)
 {
 	if (!ml)
 		return;
-	DBG(LOCKS, ul_debugobj(ml, "free%s", ml->locked ? " !!! LOCKED !!!" : ""));
+
+	DBG(LOCKS, ul_debugobj(ml, "free%s [refcount=%d]",
+					ml->locked ? " !!! LOCKED !!!" : "",
+					ml->refcount));
 	free(ml->lockfile);
 	free(ml);
 }
 
 /**
+ * mnt_ref_lock:
+ * @ml: lock pointer
+ *
+ * Increments reference counter.
+ *
+ * Since: 2.40
+ */
+void mnt_ref_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml)
+{
+	if (ml) {
+		ml->refcount++;
+		/*DBG(FS, ul_debugobj(fs, "ref=%d", ml->refcount));*/
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_unref_lock:
+ * @ml: lock pointer
+ *
+ * De-increments reference counter, on zero the @ml is automatically
+ * deallocated by mnt_free_lock).
+ */
+void mnt_unref_lock(struct libmnt_lock *ml)
+{
+	if (ml) {
+		ml->refcount--;
+		/*DBG(FS, ul_debugobj(fs, "unref=%d", ml->refcount));*/
+		if (ml->refcount <= 0)
+			mnt_free_lock(ml);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
  * mnt_lock_block_signals:
  * @ml: struct libmnt_lock handler
  * @enable: TRUE/FALSE
@@ -146,7 +187,7 @@ static int lock_simplelock(struct libmnt_lock *ml)
 	const char *lfile;
 	int rc;
 	struct stat sb;
-	const mode_t lock_mask = S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH;
+	const mode_t lock_mask = S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR;
 
 	assert(ml);
 
@@ -161,8 +202,7 @@ static int lock_simplelock(struct libmnt_lock *ml)
 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigs, &ml->oldsigmask);
 	}
 
-	ml->lockfile_fd = open(lfile, O_RDONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC,
-				      S_IWUSR|S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH);
+	ml->lockfile_fd = open(lfile, O_RDONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, lock_mask);
 	if (ml->lockfile_fd < 0) {
 		rc = -errno;
 		goto err;
@@ -287,7 +327,7 @@ static void clean_lock(void)
 	if (!lock)
 		return;
 	mnt_unlock_file(lock);
-	mnt_free_lock(lock);
+	mnt_unref_lock(lock);
 }
 
 static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) sig_handler(int sig)
@@ -295,7 +335,8 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) sig_handler(int sig)
 	errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "\n%d: catch signal: %s\n", getpid(), strsignal(sig));
 }
 
-static int test_lock(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_lock(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	time_t synctime = 0;
 	unsigned int usecs;
@@ -367,7 +408,7 @@ static int test_lock(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 		increment_data(datafile, verbose, l);
 
 		mnt_unlock_file(lock);
-		mnt_free_lock(lock);
+		mnt_unref_lock(lock);
 		lock = NULL;
 
 		/* The mount command usually finishes after a mtab update. We
diff --git a/libmount/src/monitor.c b/libmount/src/monitor.c
index f99751e..941f5d5 100644
--- a/libmount/src/monitor.c
+++ b/libmount/src/monitor.c
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ struct libmnt_monitor {
 	int			fd;		/* public monitor file descriptor */
 
 	struct list_head	ents;
+
+	unsigned int		kernel_veiled: 1;
 };
 
 struct monitor_opers {
@@ -226,18 +228,16 @@ static int userspace_add_watch(struct monitor_entry *me, int *final, int *fd)
 	assert(me->path);
 
 	/*
-	 * libmount uses rename(2) to atomically update utab, monitor
-	 * rename changes is too tricky. It seems better to monitor utab
-	 * lockfile close.
+	 * libmount uses utab.event file to monitor and control utab updates
 	 */
-	if (asprintf(&filename, "%s.lock", me->path) <= 0) {
-		rc = -errno;
+	if (asprintf(&filename, "%s.event", me->path) <= 0) {
+		rc = -ENOMEM;
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	/* try lock file if already exists */
+	/* try event file if already exists */
 	errno = 0;
-	wd = inotify_add_watch(me->fd, filename, IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE);
+	wd = inotify_add_watch(me->fd, filename, IN_CLOSE_WRITE);
 	if (wd >= 0) {
 		DBG(MONITOR, ul_debug(" added inotify watch for %s [fd=%d]", filename, wd));
 		rc = 0;
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static int userspace_add_watch(struct monitor_entry *me, int *final, int *fd)
 		if (!*filename)
 			break;
 
-		/* try directory where is the lock file */
+		/* try directory where is the event file */
 		errno = 0;
 		wd = inotify_add_watch(me->fd, filename, IN_CREATE|IN_ISDIR);
 		if (wd >= 0) {
@@ -339,10 +339,10 @@ static int userspace_event_verify(struct libmnt_monitor *mn,
 			e = (const struct inotify_event *) p;
 			DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, " inotify event 0x%x [%s]\n", e->mask, e->len ? e->name : ""));
 
-			if (e->mask & IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE)
+			if (e->mask & IN_CLOSE_WRITE)
 				status = 1;
 			else {
-				/* event on lock file */
+				/* add watch for the event file */
 				userspace_add_watch(me, &status, &fd);
 
 				if (fd != e->wd) {
@@ -473,12 +473,28 @@ err:
 	return rc;
 }
 
+static int kernel_event_verify(struct libmnt_monitor *mn,
+			       struct monitor_entry *me)
+{
+	int status = 1;
+
+	if (!mn || !me || me->fd < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (mn->kernel_veiled && access(MNT_PATH_UTAB ".act", F_OK) == 0) {
+		status = 0;
+		DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "kernel event veiled"));
+	}
+	return status;
+}
+
 /*
  * kernel monitor operations
  */
 static const struct monitor_opers kernel_opers = {
 	.op_get_fd		= kernel_monitor_get_fd,
 	.op_close_fd		= kernel_monitor_close_fd,
+	.op_event_verify	= kernel_event_verify
 };
 
 /**
@@ -547,6 +563,28 @@ err:
 	return rc;
 }
 
+/**
+ * mnt_monitor_veil_kernel:
+ * @mn: monitor instance
+ * @enable: 1 or 0
+ *
+ * Force monitor to ignore kernel events if the same mount/umount operation
+ * will generate an userspace event later. The kernel-only mount operation will
+ * be not affected.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success and <0 on error.
+ *
+ * Since: 2.40
+ */
+int mnt_monitor_veil_kernel(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int enable)
+{
+	if (!mn)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mn->kernel_veiled = enable ? 1 : 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Add/Remove monitor entry to/from monitor epoll.
  */
@@ -854,6 +892,8 @@ static struct libmnt_monitor *create_test_monitor(int argc, char *argv[])
 				warn("failed to initialize kernel monitor");
 				goto err;
 			}
+		} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "veil") == 0) {
+			mnt_monitor_veil_kernel(mn, 1);
 		}
 	}
 	if (i == 1) {
@@ -870,7 +910,8 @@ err:
 /*
  * create a monitor and add the monitor fd to epoll
  */
-static int __test_epoll(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[], int cleanup)
+static int __test_epoll(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[], int cleanup)
 {
 	int fd, efd = -1, rc = -1;
 	struct epoll_event ev;
@@ -900,12 +941,14 @@ static int __test_epoll(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[], int clea
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	printf("waiting for changes...\n");
 	do {
 		const char *filename = NULL;
 		struct epoll_event events[1];
-		int n = epoll_wait(efd, events, 1, -1);
+		int n;
+
+		printf("waiting for changes...\n");
 
+		n = epoll_wait(efd, events, 1, -1);
 		if (n < 0) {
 			rc = -errno;
 			warn("polling error");
@@ -947,7 +990,8 @@ static int test_epoll_cleanup(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 /*
  * create a monitor and wait for a change
  */
-static int test_wait(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_wait(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *filename;
 	struct libmnt_monitor *mn = create_test_monitor(argc, argv);
@@ -962,6 +1006,7 @@ static int test_wait(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 		while (mnt_monitor_next_change(mn, &filename, NULL) == 0)
 			printf(" %s: change detected\n", filename);
 
+		printf("waiting for changes...\n");
 	}
 	mnt_unref_monitor(mn);
 	return 0;
@@ -970,9 +1015,9 @@ static int test_wait(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_test tss[] = {
-		{ "--epoll", test_epoll, "<userspace kernel ...>  monitor in epoll" },
-		{ "--epoll-clean", test_epoll_cleanup, "<userspace kernel ...>  monitor in epoll and clean events" },
-		{ "--wait",  test_wait,  "<userspace kernel ...>  monitor wait function" },
+		{ "--epoll", test_epoll, "<userspace kernel veil ...>  monitor in epoll" },
+		{ "--epoll-clean", test_epoll_cleanup, "<userspace kernel veil ...>  monitor in epoll and clean events" },
+		{ "--wait",  test_wait,  "<userspace kernel veil ...>  monitor wait function" },
 		{ NULL }
 	};
 
diff --git a/libmount/src/mountP.h b/libmount/src/mountP.h
index 339e276..fcc40bf 100644
--- a/libmount/src/mountP.h
+++ b/libmount/src/mountP.h
@@ -432,6 +432,7 @@ struct libmnt_context
 
 	int	syscall_status;	/* 1: not called yet, 0: success, <0: -errno */
 	const char *syscall_name;	/* failed syscall name */
+	char	*syscall_errmsg;	/* message from kernel */
 
 	struct libmnt_ns	ns_orig;	/* original namespace */
 	struct libmnt_ns	ns_tgt;		/* target namespace */
@@ -479,22 +480,27 @@ struct libmnt_context
 /* Flags usable with MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT */
 #define MNT_BIND_SETTABLE	(MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NOATIME|MS_NODIRATIME|MS_RELATIME|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSYMFOLLOW)
 
-#define set_syscall_status(_cxt, _name, _x) __extension__ ({ \
-		if (!(_x)) { \
-			DBG(CXT, ul_debug("syscall '%s' [%m]", _name)); \
-			(_cxt)->syscall_status = -errno; \
-			(_cxt)->syscall_name = (_name); \
-		} else { \
-			DBG(CXT, ul_debug("syscall '%s' [success]", _name)); \
-			(_cxt)->syscall_status = 0; \
-		} \
-	})
-
-#define reset_syscall_status(_cxt)	__extension__ ({ \
-		DBG(CXT, ul_debug("reset syscall status")); \
-		(_cxt)->syscall_status = 0; \
-		(_cxt)->syscall_name = NULL; \
-	})
+static inline void set_syscall_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *name, int x)
+{
+	if (!x) {
+		DBG(CXT, ul_debug("syscall '%s' [%m]", name));
+		cxt->syscall_status = -errno;
+		cxt->syscall_name = name;
+	} else {
+		DBG(CXT, ul_debug("syscall '%s' [success]", name));
+		cxt->syscall_status = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static inline void reset_syscall_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
+{
+	DBG(CXT, ul_debug("reset syscall status"));
+	cxt->syscall_status = 0;
+	cxt->syscall_name = NULL;
+
+	free(cxt->syscall_errmsg);
+	cxt->syscall_errmsg = NULL;
+}
 
 /* optmap.c */
 extern const struct libmnt_optmap *mnt_optmap_get_entry(
@@ -506,6 +512,7 @@ extern const struct libmnt_optmap *mnt_optmap_get_entry(
 
 /* optstr.c */
 extern int mnt_optstr_remove_option_at(char **optstr, char *begin, char *end);
+extern int mnt_optstr_get_missing(const char *optstr, const char *wanted, char **missing);
 
 extern int mnt_buffer_append_option(struct ul_buffer *buf,
                         const char *name, size_t namesz,
@@ -601,6 +608,7 @@ extern int mnt_opt_set_value(struct libmnt_opt *opt, const char *str);
 extern int mnt_opt_set_u64value(struct libmnt_opt *opt, uint64_t num);
 extern int mnt_opt_set_quoted_value(struct libmnt_opt *opt, const char *str);
 extern int mnt_opt_is_external(struct libmnt_opt *opt);
+extern int mnt_opt_is_sepnodata(struct libmnt_opt *opt);
 
 /* fs.c */
 extern int mnt_fs_follow_optlist(struct libmnt_fs *fs, struct libmnt_optlist *ol);
@@ -617,6 +625,8 @@ extern struct libmnt_context *mnt_copy_context(struct libmnt_context *o);
 extern int mnt_context_utab_writable(struct libmnt_context *cxt);
 extern const char *mnt_context_get_writable_tabpath(struct libmnt_context *cxt);
 
+extern int mnt_context_within_helper(struct libmnt_context *cxt);
+
 extern int mnt_context_get_mountinfo(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_table **tb);
 extern int mnt_context_get_mountinfo_for_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
 				    struct libmnt_table **mountinfo, const char *tgt);
@@ -658,9 +668,11 @@ extern int mnt_context_apply_fs(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_fs *fs
 extern struct libmnt_optlist *mnt_context_get_optlist(struct libmnt_context *cxt);
 
 /* tab_update.c */
+extern int mnt_update_emit_event(struct libmnt_update *upd);
 extern int mnt_update_set_filename(struct libmnt_update *upd, const char *filename);
-extern int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd,
-				   struct libmnt_lock *lc);
+extern int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd);
+extern int mnt_update_start(struct libmnt_update *upd);
+extern int mnt_update_end(struct libmnt_update *upd);
 
 #if __linux__
 /* btrfs.c */
diff --git a/libmount/src/optlist.c b/libmount/src/optlist.c
index 0702ada..476acfd 100644
--- a/libmount/src/optlist.c
+++ b/libmount/src/optlist.c
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ struct libmnt_opt {
 
 	unsigned int external : 1,	/* visible for external helpers only */
 		     recursive : 1,	/* recursive flag */
+		     sepnodata : 1,	/* value separator, but without data ("name=") */
 		     is_linux : 1,	/* defined in ls->linux_map (VFS attr) */
 		     quoted : 1;	/* name="value" */
 };
@@ -438,6 +439,10 @@ static struct libmnt_opt *optlist_new_opt(struct libmnt_optlist *ls,
 		opt->value = strndup(value, valsz);
 		if (!opt->value)
 			goto fail;
+
+	} else if (value) {
+		/* separator specified, but empty value ("name=") */
+		opt->sepnodata = 1;
 	}
 	if (namesz) {
 		opt->name = strndup(name, namesz);
@@ -957,7 +962,8 @@ int mnt_optlist_strdup_optstr(struct libmnt_optlist *ls, char **optstr,
 			continue;
 		rc = mnt_buffer_append_option(&buf,
 					opt->name, strlen(opt->name),
-					opt->value,
+					opt->value ? opt->value :
+						     opt->sepnodata ? "" : NULL,
 					opt->value ? strlen(opt->value) : 0,
 					opt->quoted);
 		if (rc)
@@ -1043,6 +1049,7 @@ struct libmnt_optlist *mnt_copy_optlist(struct libmnt_optlist *ls)
 			no->src = opt->src;
 			no->external = opt->external;
 			no->quoted = opt->quoted;
+			no->sepnodata = opt->sepnodata;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1184,6 +1191,11 @@ int mnt_opt_is_external(struct libmnt_opt *opt)
 	return opt && opt->external ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
+int mnt_opt_is_sepnodata(struct libmnt_opt *opt)
+{
+	return opt->sepnodata;
+}
+
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
@@ -1241,7 +1253,8 @@ static inline unsigned long str2flg(const char *str)
 	return (unsigned long) strtox64_or_err(str, "connt convert string to flags");
 }
 
-static int test_append_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_append_str(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	int rc;
@@ -1257,7 +1270,8 @@ static int test_append_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_prepend_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_prepend_str(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	int rc;
@@ -1273,7 +1287,8 @@ static int test_prepend_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_set_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_set_str(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	int rc;
@@ -1289,7 +1304,8 @@ static int test_set_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_append_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_append_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	int rc;
@@ -1305,7 +1321,8 @@ static int test_append_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_set_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_set_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	int rc;
@@ -1321,7 +1338,8 @@ static int test_set_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_get_str(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_get_str(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	const struct libmnt_optmap *map;
@@ -1380,7 +1398,8 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_get_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_get_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
 	unsigned long flags = 0;
@@ -1397,6 +1416,36 @@ static int test_get_flg(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
+static int test_split(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct libmnt_optlist *ol;
+	int rc;
+	struct libmnt_iter itr;
+	struct libmnt_opt *opt;
+	const char *name, *value;
+
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	rc = mk_optlist(&ol, argv[1]);
+	if (rc)
+		goto done;
+
+	mnt_reset_iter(&itr, MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
+
+	while (mnt_optlist_next_opt(ol, &itr, &opt) == 0) {
+		name = mnt_opt_get_name(opt);
+		value = mnt_opt_get_value(opt);
+
+		printf("%s = %s\n", name, value ?: "(null)");
+	}
+
+done:
+	mnt_unref_optlist(ol);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_test tss[] = {
@@ -1407,6 +1456,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		{ "--set-flg",     test_set_flg,     "<list> <flg>  linux|user   set to the list" },
 		{ "--get-str",     test_get_str,     "<list> [linux|user]        all options in string" },
 		{ "--get-flg",     test_get_flg,     "<list>  linux|user         all options by flags" },
+		{ "--split",       test_split,       "<list>                     split options into key-value pairs"},
 
 		{ NULL }
 	};
diff --git a/libmount/src/optstr.c b/libmount/src/optstr.c
index e86b962..7ebc295 100644
--- a/libmount/src/optstr.c
+++ b/libmount/src/optstr.c
@@ -43,13 +43,16 @@ struct libmnt_optloc {
  * Locates the first option that matches @name. The @end is set to the
  * char behind the option (it means ',' or \0).
  *
+ * @ol is optional.
+ *
  * Returns negative number on parse error, 1 when not found and 0 on success.
  */
-static int mnt_optstr_locate_option(char *optstr, const char *name,
+static int mnt_optstr_locate_option(char *optstr,
+					const char *name, size_t namesz,
 					struct libmnt_optloc *ol)
 {
 	char *n;
-	size_t namesz, nsz;
+	size_t nsz;
 	int rc;
 
 	if (!optstr)
@@ -57,27 +60,30 @@ static int mnt_optstr_locate_option(char *optstr, const char *name,
 
 	assert(name);
 
-	namesz = strlen(name);
+	if (!namesz)
+		namesz = strlen(name);
 	if (!namesz)
 		return 1;
 
 	do {
 		rc = ul_optstr_next(&optstr, &n, &nsz,
-					&ol->value, &ol->valsz);
+					ol ? &ol->value : NULL,
+					ol ? &ol->valsz : NULL);
 		if (rc)
 			break;
 
 		if (namesz == nsz && strncmp(n, name, nsz) == 0) {
-			ol->begin = n;
-			ol->end = *(optstr - 1) == ',' ? optstr - 1 : optstr;
-			ol->namesz = nsz;
+			if (ol) {
+				ol->begin = n;
+				ol->end = *(optstr - 1) == ',' ? optstr - 1 : optstr;
+				ol->namesz = nsz;
+			}
 			return 0;
 		}
 	} while(1);
 
 	return rc;
 }
-
 /**
  * mnt_optstr_next_option:
  * @optstr: option string, returns the position of the next option
@@ -223,7 +229,7 @@ int mnt_optstr_get_option(const char *optstr, const char *name,
 	if (!optstr || !name)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option((char *) optstr, name, &ol);
+	rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option((char *) optstr, name, 0, &ol);
 	if (!rc) {
 		if (value)
 			*value = ol.value;
@@ -255,7 +261,7 @@ int mnt_optstr_deduplicate_option(char **optstr, const char *name)
 	do {
 		struct libmnt_optloc ol = MNT_INIT_OPTLOC;
 
-		rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(opt, name, &ol);
+		rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(opt, name, 0, &ol);
 		if (!rc) {
 			if (begin) {
 				/* remove the previous instance */
@@ -368,7 +374,7 @@ int mnt_optstr_set_option(char **optstr, const char *name, const char *value)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (*optstr)
-		rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(*optstr, name, &ol);
+		rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(*optstr, name, 0, &ol);
 	if (rc < 0)
 		return rc;			/* parse error */
 	if (rc == 1)
@@ -411,7 +417,7 @@ int mnt_optstr_remove_option(char **optstr, const char *name)
 	if (!optstr || !name)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(*optstr, name, &ol);
+	rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option(*optstr, name, 0, &ol);
 	if (rc != 0)
 		return rc;
 
@@ -571,6 +577,51 @@ int mnt_optstr_get_options(const char *optstr, char **subset,
 	return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+ * @optstr: string with comma separated list of options
+ * @wanted: options expected in @optstr
+ * @missing: returns options from @wanted which missing in @optstr (optional)
+ *
+ * Retursn: <0 on error, 0 on missing options, 1 if nothing is missing
+ */
+int mnt_optstr_get_missing(const char *optstr, const char *wanted, char **missing)
+{
+	char *name, *val, *str = (char *) wanted;
+	size_t namesz = 0, valsz = 0;
+	struct ul_buffer buf = UL_INIT_BUFFER;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if (!wanted)
+		return 1;
+	if (missing) {
+		/* caller wants data, prepare buffer */
+		ul_buffer_set_chunksize(&buf, strlen(wanted) + 3);	/* to call realloc() only once */
+		*missing = NULL;
+	}
+
+	while (!mnt_optstr_next_option(&str, &name, &namesz, &val, &valsz)) {
+
+		rc = mnt_optstr_locate_option((char *) optstr, name, namesz, NULL);
+		if (rc == 1) {			/* not found */
+			if (!missing)
+				return 0;
+			rc = mnt_buffer_append_option(&buf, name, namesz, val, valsz, 0);
+		}
+		if (rc < 0)
+			break;
+		rc = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!rc && missing) {
+		if (ul_buffer_is_empty(&buf))
+			rc = 1;
+		else
+			*missing = ul_buffer_get_data(&buf, NULL, NULL);
+	} else
+		ul_buffer_free_data(&buf);
+
+	return rc;
+}
 
 /**
  * mnt_optstr_get_flags:
@@ -910,7 +961,8 @@ int mnt_match_options(const char *optstr, const char *pattern)
 }
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
-static int test_append(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_append(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		       int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *value = NULL, *name;
 	char *optstr;
@@ -933,7 +985,8 @@ static int test_append(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_prepend(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_prepend(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *value = NULL, *name;
 	char *optstr;
@@ -956,7 +1009,8 @@ static int test_prepend(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_split(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_split(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char *optstr, *user = NULL, *fs = NULL, *vfs = NULL;
 	int rc;
@@ -982,7 +1036,8 @@ static int test_split(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char *optstr;
 	int rc;
@@ -1010,7 +1065,8 @@ static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_apply(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_apply(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char *optstr;
 	int rc, map;
@@ -1042,7 +1098,8 @@ static int test_apply(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_set(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_set(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *value = NULL, *name;
 	char *optstr;
@@ -1065,7 +1122,8 @@ static int test_set(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_get(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_get(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char *optstr;
 	const char *name;
@@ -1094,7 +1152,32 @@ static int test_get(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_remove(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_missing(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		    int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	const char *optstr;
+	const char *wanted;
+	char *missing = NULL;
+	int rc;
+
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	optstr = argv[1];
+	wanted = argv[2];
+
+	rc = mnt_optstr_get_missing(optstr, wanted, &missing);
+	if (rc == 0)
+		printf("missing: %s\n", missing);
+	else if (rc == 1) {
+		printf("nothing\n");
+		rc = 0;
+	} else
+		printf("parse error: %s\n", optstr);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int test_remove(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		       int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *name;
 	char *optstr;
@@ -1114,7 +1197,8 @@ static int test_remove(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_dedup(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_dedup(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *name;
 	char *optstr;
@@ -1134,7 +1218,8 @@ static int test_dedup(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_match(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_match(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char *optstr, *pattern;
 
@@ -1156,6 +1241,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 		{ "--prepend",test_prepend,"<optstr> <name> [<value>]  prepend value to optstr" },
 		{ "--set",    test_set,    "<optstr> <name> [<value>]  (un)set value" },
 		{ "--get",    test_get,    "<optstr> <name>            search name in optstr" },
+		{ "--missing",test_missing,"<optstr> <wanted>          what from wanted is missing" },
 		{ "--remove", test_remove, "<optstr> <name>            remove name in optstr" },
 		{ "--dedup",  test_dedup,  "<optstr> <name>            deduplicate name in optstr" },
 		{ "--match",  test_match,  "<optstr> <pattern>         compare optstr with pattern" },
diff --git a/libmount/src/tab.c b/libmount/src/tab.c
index 9725664..526edce 100644
--- a/libmount/src/tab.c
+++ b/libmount/src/tab.c
@@ -1925,7 +1925,8 @@ int mnt_table_is_fs_mounted(struct libmnt_table *tb, struct libmnt_fs *fstab_fs)
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 #include "pathnames.h"
 
-static int parser_errcb(struct libmnt_table *tb, const char *filename, int line)
+static int parser_errcb(struct libmnt_table *tb __attribute__((unused)),
+			const char *filename, int line)
 {
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: parse error\n", filename, line);
 
@@ -1954,12 +1955,16 @@ err:
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int test_copy_fs(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_copy_fs(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 	int rc = -1;
 
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	tb = create_table(argv[1], FALSE);
 	if (!tb)
 		return -1;
@@ -1984,7 +1989,8 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_parse(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_parse(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL;
 	struct libmnt_iter *itr = NULL;
@@ -2020,7 +2026,8 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_find_idx(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_find_idx(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			 int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;
@@ -2065,7 +2072,8 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_find(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[], int dr)
+static int test_find(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[], int dr)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;
@@ -2107,23 +2115,29 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_find_bw(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_find_bw(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	return test_find(ts, argc, argv, MNT_ITER_BACKWARD);
 }
 
-static int test_find_fw(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_find_fw(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	return test_find(ts, argc, argv, MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
 }
 
-static int test_find_pair(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_find_pair(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			  int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 	struct libmnt_cache *mpc = NULL;
 	int rc = -1;
 
+	if (argc != 4)
+		return -1;
+
 	tb = create_table(argv[1], FALSE);
 	if (!tb)
 		return -1;
@@ -2144,13 +2158,17 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_find_mountpoint(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_find_mountpoint(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+				int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 	struct libmnt_cache *mpc = NULL;
 	int rc = -1;
 
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	tb = mnt_new_table_from_file(_PATH_PROC_MOUNTINFO);
 	if (!tb)
 		return -1;
@@ -2171,13 +2189,17 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_is_mounted(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_is_mounted(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL, *fstab = NULL;
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 	struct libmnt_iter *itr = NULL;
 	struct libmnt_cache *mpc = NULL;
 
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	tb = mnt_new_table_from_file("/proc/self/mountinfo");
 	if (!tb) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "failed to parse mountinfo\n");
@@ -2227,7 +2249,8 @@ static int test_uniq_cmp(struct libmnt_table *tb __attribute__((__unused__)),
 	return mnt_fs_streq_target(a, mnt_fs_get_target(b)) ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
-static int test_uniq(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_uniq(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	int rc = -1;
diff --git a/libmount/src/tab_diff.c b/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
index d5fbc4d..2765caf 100644
--- a/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
+++ b/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
@@ -309,7 +309,8 @@ done:
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
-static int test_diff(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_diff(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb_old, *tb_new;
 	struct libmnt_tabdiff *diff;
@@ -317,6 +318,9 @@ static int test_diff(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	struct libmnt_fs *old, *new;
 	int rc = -1, change;
 
+	if (argc != 3)
+		return -1;
+
 	tb_old = mnt_new_table_from_file(argv[1]);
 	tb_new = mnt_new_table_from_file(argv[2]);
 	diff = mnt_new_tabdiff();
diff --git a/libmount/src/tab_update.c b/libmount/src/tab_update.c
index f5e5d30..87512af 100644
--- a/libmount/src/tab_update.c
+++ b/libmount/src/tab_update.c
@@ -35,9 +35,15 @@ struct libmnt_update {
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 	char		*filename;
 	unsigned long	mountflags;
-	int		ready;
+
+	int		act_fd;
+	char		*act_filename;
+
+	unsigned int	ready : 1,
+			missing_options : 1;
 
 	struct libmnt_table *mountinfo;
+	struct libmnt_lock  *lock;
 };
 
 static int set_fs_root(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_fs *fs, unsigned long mountflags);
@@ -56,6 +62,7 @@ struct libmnt_update *mnt_new_update(void)
 	if (!upd)
 		return NULL;
 
+	upd->act_fd = -1;
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "allocate"));
 	return upd;
 }
@@ -73,10 +80,14 @@ void mnt_free_update(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "free"));
 
+	mnt_unref_lock(upd->lock);
 	mnt_unref_fs(upd->fs);
 	mnt_unref_table(upd->mountinfo);
+	if (upd->act_fd >= 0)
+		close(upd->act_fd);
 	free(upd->target);
 	free(upd->filename);
+	free(upd->act_filename);
 	free(upd);
 }
 
@@ -173,7 +184,7 @@ int mnt_update_set_fs(struct libmnt_update *upd, unsigned long mountflags,
 
 	mnt_unref_fs(upd->fs);
 	free(upd->target);
-	upd->ready = FALSE;
+	upd->ready = 0;
 	upd->fs = NULL;
 	upd->target = NULL;
 	upd->mountflags = 0;
@@ -206,7 +217,7 @@ int mnt_update_set_fs(struct libmnt_update *upd, unsigned long mountflags,
 	}
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "ready"));
-	upd->ready = TRUE;
+	upd->ready = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -666,43 +677,42 @@ static int add_file_entry(struct libmnt_table *tb, struct libmnt_update *upd)
 	return update_table(upd, tb);
 }
 
-static int update_add_entry(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+static int update_add_entry(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	assert(upd);
 	assert(upd->fs);
+	assert(upd->lock);
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: add entry", upd->filename));
 
-	if (lc)
-		rc = mnt_lock_file(lc);
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
 	if (rc)
 		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
 
 	tb = __mnt_new_table_from_file(upd->filename, MNT_FMT_UTAB, 1);
 	if (tb)
 		rc = add_file_entry(tb, upd);
-	if (lc)
-		mnt_unlock_file(lc);
 
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
 	mnt_unref_table(tb);
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int update_remove_entry(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+static int update_remove_entry(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	assert(upd);
 	assert(upd->target);
+	assert(upd->lock);
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: remove entry", upd->filename));
 
-	if (lc)
-		rc = mnt_lock_file(lc);
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
 	if (rc)
 		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
 
@@ -714,23 +724,22 @@ static int update_remove_entry(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc
 			rc = update_table(upd, tb);
 		}
 	}
-	if (lc)
-		mnt_unlock_file(lc);
 
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
 	mnt_unref_table(tb);
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int update_modify_target(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+static int update_modify_target(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	assert(upd);
+	assert(upd->lock);
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: modify target", upd->filename));
 
-	if (lc)
-		rc = mnt_lock_file(lc);
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
 	if (rc)
 		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
 
@@ -779,14 +788,13 @@ static int update_modify_target(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *l
 	}
 
 done:
-	if (lc)
-		mnt_unlock_file(lc);
-
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
 	mnt_unref_table(tb);
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int update_modify_options(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+/* replaces option in the table entry by new options from @udp */
+static int update_modify_options(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL;
 	int rc = 0;
@@ -794,13 +802,13 @@ static int update_modify_options(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *
 
 	assert(upd);
 	assert(upd->fs);
+	assert(upd->lock);
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: modify options", upd->filename));
 
 	fs = upd->fs;
 
-	if (lc)
-		rc = mnt_lock_file(lc);
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
 	if (rc)
 		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
 
@@ -819,11 +827,77 @@ static int update_modify_options(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *
 			rc = add_file_entry(tb, upd);	/* not found, add new */
 	}
 
-	if (lc)
-		mnt_unlock_file(lc);
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
+	mnt_unref_table(tb);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* add user options missing in the table entry by new options from @udp */
+static int update_add_options(struct libmnt_update *upd)
+{
+	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL;
+	int rc = 0;
+	struct libmnt_fs *fs;
+
+	assert(upd);
+	assert(upd->fs);
+	assert(upd->lock);
+
+	if (!upd->fs->user_optstr)
+		return 0;
 
+	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: add options", upd->filename));
+
+	fs = upd->fs;
+
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
+	if (rc)
+		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
+
+	tb = __mnt_new_table_from_file(upd->filename, MNT_FMT_UTAB, 1);
+	if (tb) {
+		struct libmnt_fs *cur = mnt_table_find_target(tb,
+					mnt_fs_get_target(fs),
+					MNT_ITER_BACKWARD);
+		if (cur) {
+			char *u = NULL;
+
+			rc = mnt_optstr_get_missing(cur->user_optstr, upd->fs->user_optstr, &u);
+			if (!rc && u) {
+				DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, " add missing: %s", u));
+				rc = mnt_optstr_append_option(&cur->user_optstr, u, NULL);
+			}
+			if (!rc && u)
+				rc = update_table(upd, tb);
+
+			if (rc == 1)	/* nothing is missing */
+				rc = 0;
+		} else
+			rc = add_file_entry(tb, upd);	/* not found, add new */
+	}
+
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
 	mnt_unref_table(tb);
 	return rc;
+
+}
+
+static int update_init_lock(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+{
+	assert(upd);
+
+	if (lc) {
+		mnt_unref_lock(upd->lock);
+		mnt_ref_lock(lc);
+		upd->lock = lc;
+	} else if (!upd->lock) {
+		upd->lock = mnt_new_lock(upd->filename, 0);
+		if (!upd->lock)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		mnt_lock_block_signals(upd->lock, TRUE);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -842,7 +916,6 @@ static int update_modify_options(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *
  */
 int mnt_update_table(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
 {
-	struct libmnt_lock *lc0 = lc;
 	int rc = -EINVAL;
 
 	if (!upd || !upd->filename)
@@ -854,33 +927,32 @@ int mnt_update_table(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
 	if (upd->fs) {
 		DBG(UPDATE, mnt_fs_print_debug(upd->fs, stderr));
 	}
-	if (!lc) {
-		lc = mnt_new_lock(upd->filename, 0);
-		if (lc)
-			mnt_lock_block_signals(lc, TRUE);
-	}
+
+	rc = update_init_lock(upd, lc);
+	if (rc)
+		goto done;
 
 	if (!upd->fs && upd->target)
-		rc = update_remove_entry(upd, lc);	/* umount */
+		rc = update_remove_entry(upd);		/* umount */
 	else if (upd->mountflags & MS_MOVE)
-		rc = update_modify_target(upd, lc);	/* move */
+		rc = update_modify_target(upd);		/* move */
 	else if (upd->mountflags & MS_REMOUNT)
-		rc = update_modify_options(upd, lc);	/* remount */
+		rc = update_modify_options(upd);	/* remount */
+	else if (upd->fs && upd->missing_options)
+		rc = update_add_options(upd);		/* mount by externel helper */
 	else if (upd->fs)
-		rc = update_add_entry(upd, lc);	/* mount */
+		rc = update_add_entry(upd);		/* mount */
 
-	upd->ready = FALSE;
+	upd->ready = 1;
+done:
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: update tab: done [rc=%d]",
 				upd->filename, rc));
-	if (lc != lc0)
-		 mnt_free_lock(lc);
 	return rc;
 }
 
-int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
+int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd)
 {
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = NULL;
-	struct libmnt_lock *lc0 = lc;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	if (!upd || !upd->filename || (!upd->fs && !upd->target))
@@ -888,37 +960,32 @@ int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
 
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: checking for previous update", upd->filename));
 
-	if (!lc) {
-		lc = mnt_new_lock(upd->filename, 0);
-		if (lc)
-			mnt_lock_block_signals(lc, TRUE);
-	}
-	if (lc) {
-		rc = mnt_lock_file(lc);
-		if (rc) {
-			rc = -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
-			goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
 	tb = __mnt_new_table_from_file(upd->filename, MNT_FMT_UTAB, 1);
-	if (lc)
-		mnt_unlock_file(lc);
 	if (!tb)
 		goto done;
 
 	if (upd->fs) {
 		/* mount */
+		struct libmnt_fs *fs;
 		const char *tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(upd->fs);
 		const char *src = mnt_fs_get_bindsrc(upd->fs) ?
 					mnt_fs_get_bindsrc(upd->fs) :
 					mnt_fs_get_source(upd->fs);
 
-		if (mnt_table_find_pair(tb, src, tgt, MNT_ITER_BACKWARD)) {
+		fs = mnt_table_find_pair(tb, src, tgt, MNT_ITER_BACKWARD);
+		if (fs) {
 			DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: found %s %s",
 						upd->filename, src, tgt));
+
+			/* Check if utab entry (probably writen by /sbin/mount.<type>
+			 * helper) contains all options expected by this update */
+			if (mnt_optstr_get_missing(fs->user_optstr, upd->fs->user_optstr, NULL) == 0) {
+				upd->missing_options = 1;
+				DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, " missing options detected"));
+			}
+		} else
 			rc = 1;
-		}
+
 	} else if (upd->target) {
 		/* umount */
 		if (!mnt_table_find_target(tb, upd->target, MNT_ITER_BACKWARD)) {
@@ -930,13 +997,133 @@ int mnt_update_already_done(struct libmnt_update *upd, struct libmnt_lock *lc)
 
 	mnt_unref_table(tb);
 done:
-	if (lc && lc != lc0)
-		mnt_free_lock(lc);
 	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "%s: previous update check done [rc=%d]",
 				upd->filename, rc));
 	return rc;
 }
 
+int mnt_update_emit_event(struct libmnt_update *upd)
+{
+	char *filename;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (!upd || !upd->filename)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (asprintf(&filename, "%s.event", upd->filename) <= 0)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "emitting utab event"));
+
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC,
+			    S_IWUSR|S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH);
+	free(filename);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -errno;
+	close(fd);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Let's use /run/mount/utab.act file to report to libmount monitor that
+ * libmount is working with utab. In this case, the monitor can ignore all
+ * events from kernel until entire mount (with all steps) is done.
+ *
+ * For example mount NFS with x-* options, means
+ * - create utab.act and mark it as used (by LOCK_SH)
+ * - exec /sbin/mount.nfs
+ *   - call mount(2) (kernel event on /proc/self/mounts)
+ *   - utab update (NFS stuff)
+ * - utab update (add x-* userspace options)
+ * - unlink utab.act (if not use anyone else)
+ * - release event by /run/mount/utab.event
+ *
+ * Note, this is used only when utab is in the game (x-* options).
+ */
+int mnt_update_start(struct libmnt_update *upd)
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+	mode_t oldmask;
+
+	if (!upd || !upd->filename)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!upd->act_filename &&
+	    asprintf(&upd->act_filename, "%s.act", upd->filename) <= 0)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* Use exclusive lock to avoid some other proces will remove the the
+	 * file before it's marked as used by LOCK_SH (below) */
+	rc = update_init_lock(upd, NULL);
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
+
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
+	if (rc)
+		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
+
+	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "creating act file"));
+
+	oldmask = umask(S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IWOTH|S_IXOTH);
+	upd->act_fd = open(upd->act_filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
+	umask(oldmask);
+
+	if (upd->act_fd < 0) {
+		rc = -errno;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* mark the file as used */
+	rc = flock(upd->act_fd, LOCK_SH);
+	if (rc) {
+		rc = -errno;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
+	return 0;
+fail:
+	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "act file failed [rc=%d]", rc));
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
+	unlink(upd->act_filename);
+	if (upd->act_fd >= 0)
+		close(upd->act_fd);
+	upd->act_fd = -1;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int mnt_update_end(struct libmnt_update *upd)
+{
+	int rc;
+
+	if (!upd || upd->act_fd < 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "removing act file"));
+
+	/* make sure nobody else will use the file */
+	rc = mnt_lock_file(upd->lock);
+	if (rc)
+		return -MNT_ERR_LOCK;
+
+	/* mark the file as unused */
+	flock(upd->act_fd, LOCK_UN);
+	errno = 0;
+
+	/* check if nobody else need the file (if yes, then the file is under LOCK_SH) )*/
+	if (flock(upd->act_fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) != 0) {
+		if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK)
+			DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "act file used, no unlink"));
+	} else {
+		DBG(UPDATE, ul_debugobj(upd, "unlinking act file"));
+		unlink(upd->act_filename);
+	}
+
+	mnt_unlock_file(upd->lock);
+	close(upd->act_fd);
+	upd->act_fd = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
 
@@ -970,7 +1157,8 @@ done:
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_add(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_add(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = mnt_new_fs();
 	int rc;
@@ -987,14 +1175,16 @@ static int test_add(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_remove(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_remove(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		       int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	if (argc < 2)
 		return -1;
 	return update(argv[1], NULL, 0);
 }
 
-static int test_move(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_move(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = mnt_new_fs();
 	int rc;
@@ -1010,7 +1200,8 @@ static int test_move(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_remount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_remount(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = mnt_new_fs();
 	int rc;
@@ -1025,7 +1216,8 @@ static int test_remount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_replace(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_replace(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct libmnt_fs *fs = mnt_new_fs();
 	struct libmnt_table *tb = mnt_new_table();
diff --git a/libmount/src/utils.c b/libmount/src/utils.c
index 3817b39..a2f8ea0 100644
--- a/libmount/src/utils.c
+++ b/libmount/src/utils.c
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ static int add_filesystem(char ***filesystems, char *name)
 
 	if (n == 0 || !((n + 1) % MYCHUNK)) {
 		size_t items = ((n + 1 + MYCHUNK) / MYCHUNK) * MYCHUNK;
-		char **x = realloc(*filesystems, items * sizeof(char *));
+		char **x = reallocarray(*filesystems, items, sizeof(char *));
 
 		if (!x)
 			goto err;
@@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ int mnt_open_uniq_filename(const char *filename, char **name)
 
 	rc = asprintf(&n, "%s.XXXXXX", filename);
 	if (rc <= 0)
-		return -errno;
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	/* This is for very old glibc and for compatibility with Posix, which says
 	 * nothing about mkstemp() mode. All sane glibc use secure mode (0600).
@@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ char *mnt_get_kernel_cmdline_option(const char *name)
 	int val = 0;
 	char *p, *res = NULL, *mem = NULL;
 	char buf[BUFSIZ];	/* see kernel include/asm-generic/setup.h: COMMAND_LINE_SIZE */
-	const char *path = _PATH_PROC_CMDLINE;
+	const char *path;
 
 	if (!name || !name[0])
 		return NULL;
@@ -1143,6 +1143,8 @@ char *mnt_get_kernel_cmdline_option(const char *name)
 	path = getenv("LIBMOUNT_KERNEL_CMDLINE");
 	if (!path)
 		path = _PATH_PROC_CMDLINE;
+#else
+	path = _PATH_PROC_CMDLINE;
 #endif
 	f = fopen(path, "r" UL_CLOEXECSTR);
 	if (!f)
@@ -1287,8 +1289,12 @@ done:
 }
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
-static int test_match_fstype(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_match_fstype(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			     int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 3)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *type = argv[1];
 	char *pattern = argv[2];
 
@@ -1296,8 +1302,12 @@ static int test_match_fstype(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_match_options(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_match_options(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 3)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *optstr = argv[1];
 	char *pattern = argv[2];
 
@@ -1305,8 +1315,12 @@ static int test_match_options(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_startswith(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_startswith(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 3)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *optstr = argv[1];
 	char *pattern = argv[2];
 
@@ -1314,8 +1328,12 @@ static int test_startswith(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_endswith(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_endswith(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			 int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 3)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *optstr = argv[1];
 	char *pattern = argv[2];
 
@@ -1323,8 +1341,12 @@ static int test_endswith(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_mountpoint(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_mountpoint(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *path = canonicalize_path(argv[1]),
 	     *mnt = path ? mnt_get_mountpoint(path) :  NULL;
 
@@ -1334,13 +1356,17 @@ static int test_mountpoint(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_filesystems(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_filesystems(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	char **filesystems = NULL;
 	int rc;
 
-	rc = mnt_get_filesystems(&filesystems, argc ? argv[1] : NULL);
-	if (!rc) {
+	if (argc != 1 && argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
+	rc = mnt_get_filesystems(&filesystems, argc == 2 ? argv[1] : NULL);
+	if (!rc && filesystems) {
 		char **p;
 		for (p = filesystems; *p; p++)
 			printf("%s\n", *p);
@@ -1349,8 +1375,12 @@ static int test_filesystems(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_chdir(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_chdir(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	int rc;
 	char *path = canonicalize_path(argv[1]),
 	     *last = NULL;
@@ -1368,8 +1398,12 @@ static int test_chdir(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_kernel_cmdline(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_kernel_cmdline(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			       int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *name = argv[1];
 	char *res;
 
@@ -1387,7 +1421,8 @@ static int test_kernel_cmdline(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 }
 
 
-static int test_guess_root(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_guess_root(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int rc;
 	char *real;
@@ -1413,10 +1448,14 @@ static int test_guess_root(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_mkdir(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_mkdir(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+	 	      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int rc;
 
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	rc = ul_mkdir_p(argv[1], S_IRWXU |
 			 S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP |
 			 S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
@@ -1425,11 +1464,15 @@ static int test_mkdir(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int test_statfs_type(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_statfs_type(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	struct statfs vfs;
 	int rc;
 
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	rc = statfs(argv[1], &vfs);
 	if (rc)
 		printf("%s: statfs failed: %m\n", argv[1]);
@@ -1440,8 +1483,12 @@ static int test_statfs_type(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int tests_parse_uid(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int tests_parse_uid(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *str = argv[1];
 	uid_t uid = (uid_t) -1;
 	int rc;
@@ -1455,8 +1502,12 @@ static int tests_parse_uid(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int tests_parse_gid(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int tests_parse_gid(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			   int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *str = argv[1];
 	gid_t gid = (gid_t) -1;
 	int rc;
@@ -1470,8 +1521,12 @@ static int tests_parse_gid(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int tests_parse_mode(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int tests_parse_mode(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			    int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *str = argv[1];
 	mode_t mod = (mode_t) -1;
 	int rc;
@@ -1488,8 +1543,12 @@ static int tests_parse_mode(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
 	return rc;
 }
 
-static int tests_stat(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int tests_stat(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+		      int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+	if (argc != 2)
+		return -1;
+
 	char *path = argv[1];
 	struct stat st;
 	int rc;
diff --git a/libmount/src/version.c b/libmount/src/version.c
index 894c20c..b1e3432 100644
--- a/libmount/src/version.c
+++ b/libmount/src/version.c
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ int mnt_get_library_features(const char ***features)
 }
 
 #ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
-static int test_version(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+static int test_version(struct libmnt_test *ts __attribute__((unused)),
+			int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	const char *ver;
 	const char **features;