Adding upstream version 2:9.1.0016.upstream/2%9.1.0016

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 4302 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/vim9compile.c b/src/vim9compile.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6faa7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vim9compile.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4302 @@
+/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
+ *
+ * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
+ *
+ * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
+ * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
+ * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * vim9compile.c: compiling a :def function
+ */
+
+#define USING_FLOAT_STUFF
+#include "vim.h"
+
+#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
+
+// When not generating protos this is included in proto.h
+#ifdef PROTO
+# include "vim9.h"
+#endif
+
+// Functions defined with :def are stored in this growarray.
+// They are never removed, so that they can be found by index.
+// Deleted functions have the df_deleted flag set.
+garray_T def_functions = {0, 0, sizeof(dfunc_T), 50, NULL};
+
+static void delete_def_function_contents(dfunc_T *dfunc, int mark_deleted);
+
+/*
+ * Lookup variable "name" in the local scope and return it in "lvar".
+ * "lvar->lv_from_outer" is incremented accordingly.
+ * If "lvar" is NULL only check if the variable can be found.
+ * Return FAIL if not found.
+ */
+    int
+lookup_local(char_u *name, size_t len, lvar_T *lvar, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    int	    idx;
+    lvar_T  *lvp;
+
+    if (len == 0)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (((len == 4 && STRNCMP(name, "this", 4) == 0)
+		|| (len == 5 && STRNCMP(name, "super", 5) == 0))
+	    && cctx->ctx_ufunc != NULL
+	    && (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_flags & (FC_OBJECT|FC_NEW)))
+    {
+	int is_super = *name == 's';
+	if (is_super)
+	{
+	    if (name[5] != '.')
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_super_must_be_followed_by_dot));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class != NULL
+		    && cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class->class_extends == NULL)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_using_super_not_in_child_class));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	if (lvar != NULL)
+	{
+	    CLEAR_POINTER(lvar);
+	    lvar->lv_loop_depth = -1;
+	    lvar->lv_name = (char_u *)(is_super ? "super" : "this");
+	    if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class != NULL)
+	    {
+		lvar->lv_type = &cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class->class_object_type;
+		if (is_super)
+		{
+		    type_T *type = get_type_ptr(cctx->ctx_type_list);
+
+		    if (type != NULL)
+		    {
+			*type = *lvar->lv_type;
+			lvar->lv_type = type;
+			type->tt_flags |= TTFLAG_SUPER;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    // Find local in current function scope.
+    for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len; ++idx)
+    {
+	lvp = ((lvar_T *)cctx->ctx_locals.ga_data) + idx;
+	if (lvp->lv_name != NULL
+		&& STRNCMP(name, lvp->lv_name, len) == 0
+					       && STRLEN(lvp->lv_name) == len)
+	{
+	    if (lvar != NULL)
+	    {
+		*lvar = *lvp;
+		lvar->lv_from_outer = 0;
+		// If the variable was declared inside a loop set
+		// lvar->lv_loop_idx and lvar->lv_loop_depth.
+		get_loop_var_idx(cctx, idx, lvar);
+	    }
+	    return OK;
+	}
+    }
+
+    // Find local in outer function scope.
+    if (cctx->ctx_outer != NULL)
+    {
+	if (lookup_local(name, len, lvar, cctx->ctx_outer) == OK)
+	{
+	    if (lvar != NULL)
+	    {
+		cctx->ctx_outer_used = TRUE;
+		++lvar->lv_from_outer;
+	    }
+	    return OK;
+	}
+    }
+
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Lookup an argument in the current function and an enclosing function.
+ * Returns the argument index in "idxp"
+ * Returns the argument type in "type"
+ * Sets "gen_load_outer" to TRUE if found in outer scope.
+ * Returns OK when found, FAIL otherwise.
+ */
+    int
+arg_exists(
+	char_u	*name,
+	size_t	len,
+	int	*idxp,
+	type_T	**type,
+	int	*gen_load_outer,
+	cctx_T	*cctx)
+{
+    int	    idx;
+    char_u  *va_name;
+
+    if (len == 0)
+	return FAIL;
+    for (idx = 0; idx < cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_args_visible; ++idx)
+    {
+	char_u *arg = FUNCARG(cctx->ctx_ufunc, idx);
+
+	if (STRNCMP(name, arg, len) == 0 && arg[len] == NUL)
+	{
+	    if (idxp != NULL)
+	    {
+		// Arguments are located above the frame pointer.  One further
+		// if there is a vararg argument
+		*idxp = idx - (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_args.ga_len
+							    + STACK_FRAME_SIZE)
+			      + (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL ? -1 : 0);
+
+		if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_arg_types != NULL)
+		    *type = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_arg_types[idx];
+		else
+		    *type = &t_any;
+	    }
+	    return OK;
+	}
+    }
+
+    va_name = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_name;
+    if (va_name != NULL
+		    && STRNCMP(name, va_name, len) == 0 && va_name[len] == NUL)
+    {
+	if (idxp != NULL)
+	{
+	    // varargs is always the last argument
+	    *idxp = -STACK_FRAME_SIZE - 1;
+	    *type = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_type;
+	}
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    if (cctx->ctx_outer != NULL)
+    {
+	// Lookup the name for an argument of the outer function.
+	if (arg_exists(name, len, idxp, type, gen_load_outer, cctx->ctx_outer)
+									 == OK)
+	{
+	    if (gen_load_outer != NULL)
+		++*gen_load_outer;
+	    return OK;
+	}
+    }
+
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Lookup a script-local variable in the current script, possibly defined in a
+ * block that contains the function "cctx->ctx_ufunc".
+ * "cctx" is NULL at the script level, "cstack" is NULL in a function.
+ * If "len" is <= 0 "name" must be NUL terminated.
+ * Return NULL when not found.
+ */
+    static sallvar_T *
+find_script_var(char_u *name, size_t len, cctx_T *cctx, cstack_T *cstack)
+{
+    scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
+    hashitem_T	    *hi;
+    int		    cc;
+    sallvar_T	    *sav;
+    ufunc_T	    *ufunc;
+
+    // Find the list of all script variables with the right name.
+    if (len > 0)
+    {
+	cc = name[len];
+	name[len] = NUL;
+    }
+    hi = hash_find(&si->sn_all_vars.dv_hashtab, name);
+    if (len > 0)
+	name[len] = cc;
+    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
+	return NULL;
+
+    sav = HI2SAV(hi);
+    if (sav->sav_block_id == 0)
+	// variable defined in the top script scope is always visible
+	return sav;
+
+    if (cctx == NULL)
+    {
+	if (cstack == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	// Not in a function scope, find variable with block ID equal to or
+	// smaller than the current block id.  Use "cstack" to go up the block
+	// scopes.
+	while (sav != NULL)
+	{
+	    int idx;
+
+	    for (idx = cstack->cs_idx; idx >= 0; --idx)
+		if (cstack->cs_block_id[idx] == sav->sav_block_id)
+		    break;
+	    if (idx >= 0)
+		break;
+	    sav = sav->sav_next;
+	}
+	return sav;
+    }
+
+    // Go over the variables with this name and find one that was visible
+    // from the function.
+    ufunc = cctx->ctx_ufunc;
+    while (sav != NULL)
+    {
+	int idx;
+
+	// Go over the blocks that this function was defined in.  If the
+	// variable block ID matches it was visible to the function.
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ufunc->uf_block_depth; ++idx)
+	    if (ufunc->uf_block_ids[idx] == sav->sav_block_id)
+		return sav;
+	sav = sav->sav_next;
+    }
+
+    // Not found, variable was not visible.
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If "name" can be found in the current script set it's "block_id".
+ */
+    void
+update_script_var_block_id(char_u *name, int block_id)
+{
+    scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
+    hashitem_T	    *hi;
+    sallvar_T	    *sav;
+
+    hi = hash_find(&si->sn_all_vars.dv_hashtab, name);
+    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
+	return;
+    sav = HI2SAV(hi);
+    sav->sav_block_id = block_id;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if the script context is Vim9 script.
+ */
+    int
+script_is_vim9(void)
+{
+    return SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid)->sn_version == SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Lookup a variable (without s: prefix) in the current script.
+ * "cctx" is NULL at the script level, "cstack" is NULL in a function.
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+script_var_exists(char_u *name, size_t len, cctx_T *cctx, cstack_T *cstack)
+{
+    if (current_sctx.sc_sid <= 0)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (script_is_vim9())
+    {
+	// Check script variables that were visible where the function was
+	// defined.
+	if (find_script_var(name, len, cctx, cstack) != NULL)
+	    return OK;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	hashtab_T	*ht = &SCRIPT_VARS(current_sctx.sc_sid);
+	dictitem_T	*di;
+	int		cc;
+
+	// Check script variables that are currently visible
+	cc = name[len];
+	name[len] = NUL;
+	di = find_var_in_ht(ht, 0, name, TRUE);
+	name[len] = cc;
+	if (di != NULL)
+	    return OK;
+    }
+
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the index of a class method or class variable with name "name"
+ * accessible in the currently compiled function.
+ * If "cl_ret" is not NULL set it to the class.
+ * Otherwise return -1.
+ */
+    static int
+cctx_class_midx(
+    cctx_T  *cctx,
+    int	    is_method,
+    char_u  *name,
+    size_t  len,
+    class_T **cl_ret)
+{
+    if (cctx == NULL || cctx->ctx_ufunc == NULL
+	    || cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class == NULL
+	    || cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_defclass == NULL)
+	return -1;
+
+    // Search for the class method or variable in the class where the calling
+    // function is defined.
+    class_T *cl = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_defclass;
+    int m_idx = is_method ? class_method_idx(cl, name, len)
+					: class_member_idx(cl, name, len);
+    if (m_idx < 0)
+    {
+	cl = cl->class_extends;
+	while (cl != NULL)
+	{
+	    m_idx = is_method ? class_method_idx(cl, name, len)
+					: class_member_idx(cl, name, len);
+	    if (m_idx >= 0)
+		break;
+	    cl = cl->class_extends;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (m_idx >= 0)
+    {
+	if (cl_ret != NULL)
+	    *cl_ret = cl;
+    }
+
+    return m_idx;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the index of a class method with name "name" accessible in the
+ * currently compiled function.  Returns -1 if not found.  The class where the
+ * method is defined is returned in "cl_ret".
+ */
+    int
+cctx_class_method_idx(
+    cctx_T  *cctx,
+    char_u  *name,
+    size_t  len,
+    class_T **cl_ret)
+{
+    return cctx_class_midx(cctx, TRUE, name, len, cl_ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns the index of a class variable with name "name" accessible in the
+ * currently compiled function.  Returns -1 if not found.  The class where the
+ * variable is defined is returned in "cl_ret".
+ */
+    int
+cctx_class_member_idx(
+    cctx_T  *cctx,
+    char_u  *name,
+    size_t  len,
+    class_T **cl_ret)
+{
+    return cctx_class_midx(cctx, FALSE, name, len, cl_ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "name" is a local variable, argument, script variable or
+ * imported.  Also if "name" is "this" and in a class method.
+ */
+    static int
+variable_exists(char_u *name, size_t len, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    return (cctx != NULL
+		&& (lookup_local(name, len, NULL, cctx) == OK
+		    || arg_exists(name, len, NULL, NULL, NULL, cctx) == OK
+		    || (len == 4
+			&& cctx->ctx_ufunc != NULL
+			&& (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_flags & (FC_OBJECT|FC_NEW))
+			&& STRNCMP(name, "this", 4) == 0)))
+	    || script_var_exists(name, len, cctx, NULL) == OK
+	    || cctx_class_member_idx(cctx, name, len, NULL) >= 0
+	    || find_imported(name, len, FALSE) != NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "name" is a local variable, argument, script variable,
+ * imported or function.  Or commands are being skipped, a declaration may have
+ * been skipped then.
+ */
+    static int
+item_exists(char_u *name, size_t len, int cmd UNUSED, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    return variable_exists(name, len, cctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if "p[len]" is already defined, either in script "import_sid" or in
+ * compilation context "cctx".
+ * "cctx" is NULL at the script level, "cstack" is NULL in a function.
+ * Does not check the global namespace.
+ * If "is_arg" is TRUE the error message is for an argument name.
+ * Return FAIL and give an error if it defined.
+ */
+    int
+check_defined(
+	char_u	    *p,
+	size_t	    len,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx,
+	cstack_T    *cstack,
+	int	    is_arg)
+{
+    int		c = p[len];
+    ufunc_T	*ufunc = NULL;
+
+    // underscore argument is OK
+    if (len == 1 && *p == '_')
+	return OK;
+
+    if (script_var_exists(p, len, cctx, cstack) == OK)
+    {
+	if (is_arg)
+	    semsg(_(e_argument_already_declared_in_script_str), p);
+	else
+	    semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared_in_script_str), p);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    if (cctx_class_member_idx(cctx, p, len, NULL) >= 0)
+    {
+	if (is_arg)
+	    semsg(_(e_argument_already_declared_in_class_str), p);
+	else
+	    semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared_in_class_str), p);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    p[len] = NUL;
+    if ((cctx != NULL
+		&& (lookup_local(p, len, NULL, cctx) == OK
+		    || arg_exists(p, len, NULL, NULL, NULL, cctx) == OK))
+	    || find_imported(p, len, FALSE) != NULL
+	    || (ufunc = find_func_even_dead(p, 0)) != NULL)
+    {
+	// A local or script-local function can shadow a global function.
+	if (ufunc == NULL || ((ufunc->uf_flags & FC_DEAD) == 0
+		    && (!func_is_global(ufunc)
+					     || (p[0] == 'g' && p[1] == ':'))))
+	{
+	    if (is_arg)
+		semsg(_(e_argument_name_shadows_existing_variable_str), p);
+	    else
+		semsg(_(e_name_already_defined_str), p);
+	    p[len] = c;
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    p[len] = c;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "actual" could be "expected" and a runtime typecheck is to be
+ * used.  Return FALSE if the types will never match.
+ */
+    static int
+use_typecheck(type_T *actual, type_T *expected)
+{
+    if (actual->tt_type == VAR_ANY
+	    || actual->tt_type == VAR_UNKNOWN
+	    || (actual->tt_type == VAR_FUNC
+		&& (expected->tt_type == VAR_FUNC
+					   || expected->tt_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
+		&& (actual->tt_member == &t_any
+		    || actual->tt_member == &t_unknown
+		    || actual->tt_argcount < 0)
+		&& (actual->tt_member == &t_unknown ||
+		    (actual->tt_member == &t_void)
+					 == (expected->tt_member == &t_void))))
+	return TRUE;
+    if ((actual->tt_type == VAR_LIST || actual->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
+				       && actual->tt_type == expected->tt_type)
+	// This takes care of a nested list or dict.
+	return use_typecheck(actual->tt_member, expected->tt_member);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that
+ * - "actual" matches "expected" type or
+ * - "actual" is a type that can be "expected" type: add a runtime check; or
+ * - return FAIL.
+ * If "actual_is_const" is TRUE then the type won't change at runtime, do not
+ * generate a TYPECHECK.
+ */
+    int
+need_type_where(
+	type_T	*actual,
+	type_T	*expected,
+	int	number_ok,	// expect VAR_FLOAT but VAR_NUMBER is OK
+	int	offset,
+	where_T	where,
+	cctx_T	*cctx,
+	int	silent,
+	int	actual_is_const)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if (expected->tt_type != VAR_CLASS && expected->tt_type != VAR_TYPEALIAS)
+    {
+	if (check_type_is_value(actual) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    if (expected == &t_bool && actual != &t_bool
+					&& (actual->tt_flags & TTFLAG_BOOL_OK))
+    {
+	// Using "0", "1" or the result of an expression with "&&" or "||" as a
+	// boolean is OK but requires a conversion.
+	generate_2BOOL(cctx, FALSE, offset);
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    ret = check_type_maybe(expected, actual, FALSE, where);
+    if (ret == OK)
+	return OK;
+
+    // If actual a constant a runtime check makes no sense.  If it's
+    // null_function it is OK.
+    if (actual_is_const && ret == MAYBE && actual == &t_func_unknown)
+	return OK;
+
+    // If the actual type can be the expected type add a runtime check.
+    if (!actual_is_const && ret == MAYBE && use_typecheck(actual, expected))
+    {
+	generate_TYPECHECK(cctx, expected, number_ok, offset,
+		where.wt_kind == WT_VARIABLE, where.wt_index);
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    if (!silent)
+	type_mismatch_where(expected, actual, where);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+    int
+need_type(
+	type_T	*actual,
+	type_T	*expected,
+	int	number_ok,  // when expected is float number is also OK
+	int	offset,
+	int	arg_idx,
+	cctx_T	*cctx,
+	int	silent,
+	int	actual_is_const)
+{
+    where_T where = WHERE_INIT;
+
+    if (arg_idx > 0)
+    {
+	where.wt_index = arg_idx;
+	where.wt_kind = WT_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    return need_type_where(actual, expected, number_ok, offset, where,
+						cctx, silent, actual_is_const);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set type of variable "lvar" to "type".  If the variable is a constant then
+ * the type gets TTFLAG_CONST.
+ */
+    static void
+set_var_type(lvar_T *lvar, type_T *type_arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    type_T	*type = type_arg;
+
+    if (lvar->lv_const == ASSIGN_CONST && (type->tt_flags & TTFLAG_CONST) == 0)
+    {
+	if (type->tt_flags & TTFLAG_STATIC)
+	    // entry in static_types[] is followed by const type
+	    type = type + 1;
+	else
+	{
+	    type = copy_type(type, cctx->ctx_type_list);
+	    type->tt_flags |= TTFLAG_CONST;
+	}
+    }
+    lvar->lv_type = type;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reserve space for a local variable.
+ * "assign" can be ASSIGN_VAR for :var, ASSIGN_CONST for :const and
+ * ASSIGN_FINAL for :final.
+ * Return the variable or NULL if it failed.
+ */
+    lvar_T *
+reserve_local(
+	cctx_T	*cctx,
+	char_u	*name,
+	size_t	len,
+	int	assign,
+	type_T	*type)
+{
+    lvar_T  *lvar;
+    dfunc_T *dfunc;
+
+    if (arg_exists(name, len, NULL, NULL, NULL, cctx) == OK)
+    {
+	emsg_namelen(_(e_str_is_used_as_argument), name, (int)len);
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (GA_GROW_FAILS(&cctx->ctx_locals, 1))
+	return NULL;
+    lvar = ((lvar_T *)cctx->ctx_locals.ga_data) + cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len++;
+    CLEAR_POINTER(lvar);
+
+    // Every local variable uses the next entry on the stack.  We could re-use
+    // the last ones when leaving a scope, but then variables used in a closure
+    // might get overwritten.  To keep things simple do not re-use stack
+    // entries.  This is less efficient, but memory is cheap these days.
+    dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data) + cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+    lvar->lv_idx = dfunc->df_var_names.ga_len;
+
+    lvar->lv_name = vim_strnsave(name, len == 0 ? STRLEN(name) : len);
+    lvar->lv_const = assign;
+    if (type == &t_unknown || type == &t_any)
+	// type not known yet, may be inferred from RHS
+	lvar->lv_type = type;
+    else
+	// may use TTFLAG_CONST
+	set_var_type(lvar, type, cctx);
+
+    // Remember the name for debugging.
+    if (GA_GROW_FAILS(&dfunc->df_var_names, 1))
+	return NULL;
+    ((char_u **)dfunc->df_var_names.ga_data)[lvar->lv_idx] =
+						    vim_strsave(lvar->lv_name);
+    ++dfunc->df_var_names.ga_len;
+
+    return lvar;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If "check_writable" is ASSIGN_CONST give an error if the variable was
+ * defined with :final or :const, if "check_writable" is ASSIGN_FINAL give an
+ * error if the variable was defined with :const.
+ */
+    static int
+check_item_writable(svar_T *sv, int check_writable, char_u *name)
+{
+    if ((check_writable == ASSIGN_CONST && sv->sv_const != 0)
+	    || (check_writable == ASSIGN_FINAL
+					      && sv->sv_const == ASSIGN_CONST))
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_cannot_change_readonly_variable_str), name);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find "name" in script-local items of script "sid".
+ * Pass "check_writable" to check_item_writable().
+ * "cctx" is NULL at the script level, "cstack" is NULL in a function.
+ * Returns the index in "sn_var_vals" if found.
+ * If found but not in "sn_var_vals" returns -1.
+ * If not found or the variable is not writable returns -2.
+ */
+    int
+get_script_item_idx(
+	int	    sid,
+	char_u	    *name,
+	int	    check_writable,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx,
+	cstack_T    *cstack)
+{
+    hashtab_T	    *ht;
+    dictitem_T	    *di;
+    scriptitem_T    *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(sid);
+    svar_T	    *sv;
+    int		    idx;
+
+    if (!SCRIPT_ID_VALID(sid))
+	return -1;
+    if (sid == current_sctx.sc_sid)
+    {
+	sallvar_T *sav = find_script_var(name, 0, cctx, cstack);
+
+	if (sav == NULL)
+	    return -2;
+	idx = sav->sav_var_vals_idx;
+	sv = ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data) + idx;
+	if (check_item_writable(sv, check_writable, name) == FAIL)
+	    return -2;
+	return idx;
+    }
+
+    // First look the name up in the hashtable.
+    ht = &SCRIPT_VARS(sid);
+    di = find_var_in_ht(ht, 0, name, TRUE);
+    if (di == NULL)
+    {
+	if (si->sn_autoload_prefix != NULL)
+	{
+	    hashitem_T *hi;
+
+	    // A variable exported from an autoload script is in the global
+	    // variables, we can find it in the all_vars table.
+	    hi = hash_find(&si->sn_all_vars.dv_hashtab, name);
+	    if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
+		return HI2SAV(hi)->sav_var_vals_idx;
+	}
+	return -2;
+    }
+
+    // Now find the svar_T index in sn_var_vals.
+    for (idx = 0; idx < si->sn_var_vals.ga_len; ++idx)
+    {
+	sv = ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data) + idx;
+	if (sv->sv_tv == &di->di_tv)
+	{
+	    if (check_item_writable(sv, check_writable, name) == FAIL)
+		return -2;
+	    return idx;
+	}
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+    static imported_T *
+find_imported_in_script(char_u *name, size_t len, int sid)
+{
+    scriptitem_T    *si;
+    int		    idx;
+
+    if (!SCRIPT_ID_VALID(sid))
+	return NULL;
+    si = SCRIPT_ITEM(sid);
+    for (idx = 0; idx < si->sn_imports.ga_len; ++idx)
+    {
+	imported_T *import = ((imported_T *)si->sn_imports.ga_data) + idx;
+
+	if (len == 0 ? STRCMP(name, import->imp_name) == 0
+		     : STRLEN(import->imp_name) == len
+				  && STRNCMP(name, import->imp_name, len) == 0)
+	    return import;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find "name" in imported items of the current script.
+ * If "len" is 0 use any length that works.
+ * If "load" is TRUE and the script was not loaded yet, load it now.
+ */
+    imported_T *
+find_imported(char_u *name, size_t len, int load)
+{
+    if (!SCRIPT_ID_VALID(current_sctx.sc_sid))
+	return NULL;
+
+    // Skip over "s:" before "s:something" to find the import name.
+    int off = name[0] == 's' && name[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0;
+
+    imported_T *ret = find_imported_in_script(name + off, len - off,
+							  current_sctx.sc_sid);
+    if (ret != NULL && load && (ret->imp_flags & IMP_FLAGS_AUTOLOAD))
+    {
+	scid_T	actual_sid = 0;
+	int	save_emsg_off = emsg_off;
+
+	// "emsg_off" will be set when evaluating an expression silently, but
+	// we do want to know about errors in a script.  Also because it then
+	// aborts when an error is encountered.
+	emsg_off = FALSE;
+
+	// script found before but not loaded yet
+	ret->imp_flags &= ~IMP_FLAGS_AUTOLOAD;
+	(void)do_source(SCRIPT_ITEM(ret->imp_sid)->sn_name, FALSE,
+						       DOSO_NONE, &actual_sid);
+	// If the script is a symlink it may be sourced with another name, may
+	// need to adjust the script ID for that.
+	if (actual_sid != 0)
+	    ret->imp_sid = actual_sid;
+
+	emsg_off = save_emsg_off;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called when checking for a following operator at "arg".  When the rest of
+ * the line is empty or only a comment, peek the next line.  If there is a next
+ * line return a pointer to it and set "nextp".
+ * Otherwise skip over white space.
+ */
+    char_u *
+may_peek_next_line(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *arg, char_u **nextp)
+{
+    char_u *p = skipwhite(arg);
+
+    *nextp = NULL;
+    if (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*arg) && vim9_comment_start(p)))
+    {
+	*nextp = peek_next_line_from_context(cctx);
+	if (*nextp != NULL)
+	    return *nextp;
+    }
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to the next line that isn't empty or only contains a
+ * comment. Skips over white space.
+ * Returns NULL if there is none.
+ */
+    char_u *
+peek_next_line_from_context(cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    int lnum = cctx->ctx_lnum;
+
+    while (++lnum < cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
+    {
+	char_u *line = ((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)[lnum];
+	char_u *p;
+
+	// ignore NULLs inserted for continuation lines
+	if (line != NULL)
+	{
+	    p = skipwhite(line);
+	    if (vim9_bad_comment(p))
+		return NULL;
+	    if (*p != NUL && !vim9_comment_start(p))
+		return p;
+	}
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the next line of the function from "cctx".
+ * Skips over empty lines.  Skips over comment lines if "skip_comment" is TRUE.
+ * Returns NULL when at the end.
+ */
+    char_u *
+next_line_from_context(cctx_T *cctx, int skip_comment)
+{
+    char_u	*line;
+
+    do
+    {
+	++cctx->ctx_lnum;
+	if (cctx->ctx_lnum >= cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
+	{
+	    line = NULL;
+	    break;
+	}
+	line = ((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)[cctx->ctx_lnum];
+	cctx->ctx_line_start = line;
+	SOURCING_LNUM = cctx->ctx_lnum + 1;
+    } while (line == NULL || *skipwhite(line) == NUL
+		     || (skip_comment && vim9_comment_start(skipwhite(line))));
+    return line;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Skip over white space at "whitep" and assign to "*arg".
+ * If "*arg" is at the end of the line, advance to the next line.
+ * Also when "whitep" points to white space and "*arg" is on a "#".
+ * Return FAIL if beyond the last line, "*arg" is unmodified then.
+ */
+    int
+may_get_next_line(char_u *whitep, char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    *arg = skipwhite(whitep);
+    if (vim9_bad_comment(*arg))
+	return FAIL;
+    if (**arg == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(*whitep) && vim9_comment_start(*arg)))
+    {
+	char_u *next = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+
+	if (next == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	*arg = skipwhite(next);
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Idem, and give an error when failed.
+ */
+    int
+may_get_next_line_error(char_u *whitep, char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    if (may_get_next_line(whitep, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+    {
+	SOURCING_LNUM = cctx->ctx_lnum + 1;
+	emsg(_(e_line_incomplete));
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a line from the compilation context, compatible with exarg_T getline().
+ * Return a pointer to the line in allocated memory.
+ * Return NULL for end-of-file or some error.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+exarg_getline(
+	int c UNUSED,
+	void *cookie,
+	int indent UNUSED,
+	getline_opt_T options UNUSED)
+{
+    cctx_T  *cctx = (cctx_T *)cookie;
+    char_u  *p;
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	if (cctx->ctx_lnum >= cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len - 1)
+	    return NULL;
+	++cctx->ctx_lnum;
+	p = ((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)[cctx->ctx_lnum];
+	// Comment lines result in NULL pointers, skip them.
+	if (p != NULL)
+	    return vim_strsave(p);
+    }
+}
+
+    void
+fill_exarg_from_cctx(exarg_T *eap, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    eap->ea_getline = exarg_getline;
+    eap->cookie = cctx;
+    eap->skip = cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "ufunc" should be compiled, taking into account whether
+ * "profile" indicates profiling is to be done.
+ */
+    int
+func_needs_compiling(ufunc_T *ufunc, compiletype_T compile_type)
+{
+    switch (ufunc->uf_def_status)
+    {
+	case UF_TO_BE_COMPILED:
+	    return TRUE;
+
+	case UF_COMPILED:
+	{
+	    dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+
+	    switch (compile_type)
+	    {
+		case CT_PROFILE:
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+		    return dfunc->df_instr_prof == NULL;
+#endif
+		case CT_NONE:
+		    return dfunc->df_instr == NULL;
+		case CT_DEBUG:
+		    return dfunc->df_instr_debug == NULL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	case UF_NOT_COMPILED:
+	case UF_COMPILE_ERROR:
+	case UF_COMPILING:
+	    break;
+    }
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile a nested :def command.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+compile_nested_function(exarg_T *eap, cctx_T *cctx, garray_T *lines_to_free)
+{
+    int		is_global = *eap->arg == 'g' && eap->arg[1] == ':';
+    char_u	*name_start = eap->arg;
+    char_u	*name_end = to_name_end(eap->arg, TRUE);
+    int		off;
+    char_u	*func_name;
+    char_u	*lambda_name;
+    ufunc_T	*ufunc;
+    int		r = FAIL;
+    compiletype_T   compile_type;
+    int		funcref_isn_idx = -1;
+    lvar_T	*lvar = NULL;
+
+    if (eap->forceit)
+    {
+	emsg(_(e_cannot_use_bang_with_nested_def));
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (*name_start == '/')
+    {
+	name_end = skip_regexp(name_start + 1, '/', TRUE);
+	if (*name_end == '/')
+	    ++name_end;
+	set_nextcmd(eap, name_end);
+    }
+    if (name_end == name_start || *skipwhite(name_end) != '(')
+    {
+	if (!ends_excmd2(name_start, name_end))
+	{
+	    if (*skipwhite(name_end) == '.')
+		semsg(_(e_cannot_define_dict_func_in_vim9_script_str),
+								     eap->cmd);
+	    else
+		semsg(_(e_invalid_command_str), eap->cmd);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+
+	// "def" or "def Name": list functions
+	if (generate_DEF(cctx, name_start, name_end - name_start) == FAIL)
+	    return NULL;
+	return eap->nextcmd == NULL ? (char_u *)"" : eap->nextcmd;
+    }
+
+    // Only g:Func() can use a namespace.
+    if (name_start[1] == ':' && !is_global)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_namespace_not_supported_str), name_start);
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES
+	    && check_defined(name_start, name_end - name_start, cctx,
+							  NULL, FALSE) == FAIL)
+	return NULL;
+    if (!ASCII_ISUPPER(is_global ? name_start[2] : name_start[0]))
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_function_name_must_start_with_capital_str), name_start);
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+    eap->arg = name_end;
+    fill_exarg_from_cctx(eap, cctx);
+
+    eap->forceit = FALSE;
+    // We use the special <Lamba>99 name, but it's not really a lambda.
+    lambda_name = vim_strsave(get_lambda_name());
+    if (lambda_name == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+
+    // This may free the current line, make a copy of the name.
+    off = is_global ? 2 : 0;
+    func_name = vim_strnsave(name_start + off, name_end - name_start - off);
+    if (func_name == NULL)
+    {
+	r = FAIL;
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // Make sure "KeyTyped" is not set, it may cause indent to be written.
+    int save_KeyTyped = KeyTyped;
+    KeyTyped = FALSE;
+
+    ufunc = define_function(eap, lambda_name, lines_to_free, 0, NULL, 0);
+
+    KeyTyped = save_KeyTyped;
+
+    if (ufunc == NULL)
+    {
+	r = eap->skip ? OK : FAIL;
+	goto theend;
+    }
+    if (eap->nextcmd != NULL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_text_found_after_str_str),
+	      eap->cmdidx == CMD_def ? "enddef" : "endfunction", eap->nextcmd);
+	r = FAIL;
+	func_ptr_unref(ufunc);
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // copy over the block scope IDs before compiling
+    if (!is_global && cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_block_depth > 0)
+    {
+	int block_depth = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_block_depth;
+
+	ufunc->uf_block_ids = ALLOC_MULT(int, block_depth);
+	if (ufunc->uf_block_ids != NULL)
+	{
+	    mch_memmove(ufunc->uf_block_ids, cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_block_ids,
+						    sizeof(int) * block_depth);
+	    ufunc->uf_block_depth = block_depth;
+	}
+    }
+
+    // Define the funcref before compiling, so that it is found by any
+    // recursive call.
+    if (is_global)
+    {
+	r = generate_NEWFUNC(cctx, lambda_name, func_name);
+	func_name = NULL;
+	lambda_name = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	// Define a local variable for the function reference.
+	lvar = reserve_local(cctx, func_name, name_end - name_start,
+					    ASSIGN_CONST, ufunc->uf_func_type);
+	if (lvar == NULL)
+	    goto theend;
+	if (generate_FUNCREF(cctx, ufunc, NULL, FALSE, 0, &funcref_isn_idx) == FAIL)
+	    goto theend;
+	r = generate_STORE(cctx, ISN_STORE, lvar->lv_idx, NULL);
+    }
+
+    compile_type = get_compile_type(ufunc);
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+    // If the outer function is profiled, also compile the nested function for
+    // profiling.
+    if (cctx->ctx_compile_type == CT_PROFILE)
+	compile_type = CT_PROFILE;
+#endif
+    if (func_needs_compiling(ufunc, compile_type)
+	    && compile_def_function(ufunc, TRUE, compile_type, cctx) == FAIL)
+    {
+	func_ptr_unref(ufunc);
+	if (lvar != NULL)
+	    // Now the local variable can't be used.
+	    *lvar->lv_name = '/';  // impossible value
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+    // When the outer function is compiled for profiling, the nested function
+    // may be called without profiling.  Compile it here in the right context.
+    if (compile_type == CT_PROFILE && func_needs_compiling(ufunc, CT_NONE))
+	compile_def_function(ufunc, FALSE, CT_NONE, cctx);
+#endif
+
+    // If a FUNCREF instruction was generated, set the index after compiling.
+    if (funcref_isn_idx != -1 && ufunc->uf_def_status == UF_COMPILED)
+    {
+	isn_T	*funcref_isn = ((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data) +
+							funcref_isn_idx;
+	funcref_isn->isn_arg.funcref.fr_dfunc_idx = ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+    }
+
+theend:
+    vim_free(lambda_name);
+    vim_free(func_name);
+    return r == FAIL ? NULL : (char_u *)"";
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile one Vim expression {expr} in string "p".
+ * "p" points to the opening "{".
+ * Return a pointer to the character after "}", NULL for an error.
+ */
+    char_u *
+compile_one_expr_in_str(char_u *p, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*block_start;
+    char_u	*block_end;
+
+    // Skip the opening {.
+    block_start = skipwhite(p + 1);
+    block_end = block_start;
+    if (*block_start != NUL && skip_expr(&block_end, NULL) == FAIL)
+	return NULL;
+    block_end = skipwhite(block_end);
+    // The block must be closed by a }.
+    if (*block_end != '}')
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_missing_close_curly_str), p);
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    if (compile_expr0(&block_start, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return NULL;
+    may_generate_2STRING(-1, TRUE, cctx);
+
+    return block_end + 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile a string "str" (either containing a literal string or a mix of
+ * literal strings and Vim expressions of the form `{expr}`).  This is used
+ * when compiling a heredoc assignment to a variable or an interpolated string
+ * in a Vim9 def function.  Vim9 instructions are generated to push strings,
+ * evaluate expressions, concatenate them and create a list of lines.  When
+ * "evalstr" is TRUE, Vim expressions in "str" are evaluated.
+ */
+    int
+compile_all_expr_in_str(char_u *str, int evalstr, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*p = str;
+    char_u	*val;
+    int		count = 0;
+
+    if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	return OK;
+
+    if (!evalstr || *str == NUL)
+    {
+	// Literal string, possibly empty.
+	val = *str != NUL ? vim_strsave(str) : NULL;
+	return generate_PUSHS(cctx, &val);
+    }
+
+    // Push all the string pieces to the stack, followed by a ISN_CONCAT.
+    while (*p != NUL)
+    {
+	char_u	*lit_start;
+	int	escaped_brace = FALSE;
+
+	// Look for a block start.
+	lit_start = p;
+	while (*p != '{' && *p != '}' && *p != NUL)
+	    ++p;
+
+	if (*p != NUL && *p == p[1])
+	{
+	    // Escaped brace, unescape and continue.
+	    // Include the brace in the literal string.
+	    ++p;
+	    escaped_brace = TRUE;
+	}
+	else if (*p == '}')
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_stray_closing_curly_str), str);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Append the literal part.
+	if (p != lit_start)
+	{
+	    val = vim_strnsave(lit_start, (size_t)(p - lit_start));
+	    if (generate_PUSHS(cctx, &val) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    ++count;
+	}
+
+	if (*p == NUL)
+	    break;
+
+	if (escaped_brace)
+	{
+	    // Skip the second brace.
+	    ++p;
+	    continue;
+	}
+
+	p = compile_one_expr_in_str(p, cctx);
+	if (p == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	++count;
+    }
+
+    // Small optimization, if there's only a single piece skip the ISN_CONCAT.
+    if (count > 1)
+	return generate_CONCAT(cctx, count);
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the length of an assignment operator, or zero if there isn't one.
+ */
+    int
+assignment_len(char_u *p, int *heredoc)
+{
+    if (*p == '=')
+    {
+	if (p[1] == '<' && p[2] == '<')
+	{
+	    *heredoc = TRUE;
+	    return 3;
+	}
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"+-*/%", *p) != NULL && p[1] == '=')
+	return 2;
+    if (STRNCMP(p, "..=", 3) == 0)
+	return 3;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generate the load instruction for "name".
+ */
+    static int
+generate_loadvar(cctx_T *cctx, lhs_T *lhs)
+{
+    char_u	*name = lhs->lhs_name;
+    type_T	*type = lhs->lhs_type;
+    int		res = OK;
+
+    switch (lhs->lhs_dest)
+    {
+	case dest_option:
+	case dest_func_option:
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOPT, 0, name, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_global:
+	    if (vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) == NULL)
+	    {
+		if (name[2] == NUL)
+		    generate_instr_type(cctx, ISN_LOADGDICT, &t_dict_any);
+		else
+		    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADG, 0, name + 2, type);
+	    }
+	    else
+		generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADAUTO, 0, name, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_buffer:
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADB, 0, name + 2, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_window:
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADW, 0, name + 2, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_tab:
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADT, 0, name + 2, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_script:
+	    res = compile_load_scriptvar(cctx,
+				  name + (name[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0), NULL, NULL);
+	    break;
+	case dest_env:
+	    // Include $ in the name here
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADENV, 0, name, type);
+	    break;
+	case dest_reg:
+	    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADREG, name[1], NULL, &t_string);
+	    break;
+	case dest_vimvar:
+	    generate_LOADV(cctx, name + 2);
+	    break;
+	case dest_local:
+	    if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+	    {
+		lvar_T	*lvar = lhs->lhs_lvar;
+		if (lvar->lv_from_outer > 0)
+		    generate_LOADOUTER(cctx, lvar->lv_idx, lvar->lv_from_outer,
+				 lvar->lv_loop_depth, lvar->lv_loop_idx, type);
+		else
+		    generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOAD, lvar->lv_idx, NULL, type);
+	    }
+	    break;
+	case dest_class_member:
+	    generate_CLASSMEMBER(cctx, TRUE, lhs->lhs_class,
+						     lhs->lhs_classmember_idx);
+	    break;
+	case dest_expr:
+	    // list or dict value should already be on the stack.
+	    break;
+    }
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Skip over "[expr]" or ".member".
+ * Does not check for any errors.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+skip_index(char_u *start)
+{
+    char_u *p = start;
+
+    if (*p == '[')
+    {
+	p = skipwhite(p + 1);
+	(void)skip_expr(&p, NULL);
+	p = skipwhite(p);
+	if (*p == ']')
+	    return p + 1;
+	return p;
+    }
+    // if (*p == '.')
+    return to_name_end(p + 1, TRUE);
+}
+
+    void
+vim9_declare_error(char_u *name)
+{
+    char *scope = "";
+
+    switch (*name)
+    {
+	case 'g': scope = _("global"); break;
+	case 'b': scope = _("buffer"); break;
+	case 'w': scope = _("window"); break;
+	case 't': scope = _("tab"); break;
+	case 'v': scope = "v:"; break;
+	case '$': semsg(_(e_cannot_declare_an_environment_variable_str), name);
+		  return;
+	case '&': semsg(_(e_cannot_declare_an_option_str), name);
+		  return;
+	case '@': semsg(_(e_cannot_declare_a_register_str), name);
+		  return;
+	default: return;
+    }
+    semsg(_(e_cannot_declare_a_scope_variable_str), scope, name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "name" is a valid register to use.
+ * Return FALSE and give an error message if not.
+ */
+    static int
+valid_dest_reg(int name)
+{
+    if ((name == '@' || valid_yank_reg(name, FALSE)) && name != '.')
+	return TRUE;
+    emsg_invreg(name);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For one assignment figure out the type of destination.  Return it in "dest".
+ * When not recognized "dest" is not set.
+ * For an option "option_scope" is set.
+ * For a v:var "vimvaridx" is set.
+ * "type" is set to the destination type if known, unchanted otherwise.
+ * Return FAIL if an error message was given.
+ */
+    int
+get_var_dest(
+	char_u		*name,
+	assign_dest_T	*dest,
+	cmdidx_T	cmdidx,
+	int		*option_scope,
+	int		*vimvaridx,
+	type_T		**type,
+	cctx_T		*cctx)
+{
+    char_u *p;
+
+    if (*name == '&')
+    {
+	int		cc;
+	long		numval;
+	getoption_T	opt_type;
+	int		opt_p_flags;
+
+	*dest = dest_option;
+	if (cmdidx == CMD_final || cmdidx == CMD_const)
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_cannot_lock_option));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	p = name;
+	p = find_option_end(&p, option_scope);
+	if (p == NULL)
+	{
+	    // cannot happen?
+	    emsg(_(e_unexpected_characters_in_assignment));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	cc = *p;
+	*p = NUL;
+	opt_type = get_option_value(skip_option_env_lead(name),
+				   &numval, NULL, &opt_p_flags, *option_scope);
+	*p = cc;
+	switch (opt_type)
+	{
+	    case gov_unknown:
+		    semsg(_(e_unknown_option_str), name);
+		    return FAIL;
+	    case gov_string:
+	    case gov_hidden_string:
+		    if (opt_p_flags & P_FUNC)
+		    {
+			// might be a Funcref, check the type later
+			*type = &t_any;
+			*dest = dest_func_option;
+		    }
+		    else
+		    {
+			*type = &t_string;
+		    }
+		    break;
+	    case gov_bool:
+	    case gov_hidden_bool:
+		    *type = &t_bool;
+		    break;
+	    case gov_number:
+	    case gov_hidden_number:
+		    *type = &t_number;
+		    break;
+	}
+    }
+    else if (*name == '$')
+    {
+	*dest = dest_env;
+	*type = &t_string;
+    }
+    else if (*name == '@')
+    {
+	if (!valid_dest_reg(name[1]))
+	    return FAIL;
+	*dest = dest_reg;
+	*type = name[1] == '#' ? &t_number_or_string : &t_string;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(name, "g:", 2) == 0)
+    {
+	*dest = dest_global;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(name, "b:", 2) == 0)
+    {
+	*dest = dest_buffer;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(name, "w:", 2) == 0)
+    {
+	*dest = dest_window;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(name, "t:", 2) == 0)
+    {
+	*dest = dest_tab;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(name, "v:", 2) == 0)
+    {
+	typval_T	*vtv;
+	int		di_flags;
+
+	*vimvaridx = find_vim_var(name + 2, &di_flags);
+	if (*vimvaridx < 0)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_variable_not_found_str), name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	// We use the current value of "sandbox" here, is that OK?
+	if (var_check_ro(di_flags, name, FALSE))
+	    return FAIL;
+	*dest = dest_vimvar;
+	vtv = get_vim_var_tv(*vimvaridx);
+	*type = typval2type_vimvar(vtv, cctx->ctx_type_list);
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+    static int
+is_decl_command(cmdidx_T cmdidx)
+{
+    return cmdidx == CMD_let || cmdidx == CMD_var
+				 || cmdidx == CMD_final || cmdidx == CMD_const;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns TRUE if the class or object variable in "lhs" is modifiable.
+ * "var_start" points to the start of the variable name and "lhs->lhs_varlen"
+ * has the total length.  Note that the "lhs" can be nested an object reference
+ * (e.g.  a.b.c.d.var).
+ */
+    static int
+lhs_class_member_modifiable(lhs_T *lhs, char_u	*var_start, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    size_t	varlen = lhs->lhs_varlen;
+    class_T	*cl = lhs->lhs_type->tt_class;
+    int		is_object = lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_OBJECT;
+    char_u	*name = var_start + varlen + 1;
+    size_t	namelen = lhs->lhs_end - var_start - varlen - 1;
+    ocmember_T	*m;
+
+    m = member_lookup(cl, lhs->lhs_type->tt_type, name, namelen, NULL);
+    if (m == NULL)
+    {
+	member_not_found_msg(cl, lhs->lhs_type->tt_type, name, namelen);
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    // If it is private member variable, then accessing it outside the
+    // class is not allowed.
+    // If it is a read only class variable, then it can be modified
+    // only inside the class where it is defined.
+    if ((m->ocm_access != VIM_ACCESS_ALL) &&
+	    ((is_object && !inside_class(cctx, cl))
+	     || (!is_object && cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class != cl)))
+    {
+	char *msg = (m->ocm_access == VIM_ACCESS_PRIVATE)
+				? e_cannot_access_protected_variable_str
+				: e_variable_is_not_writable_str;
+	emsg_var_cl_define(msg, m->ocm_name, 0, cl);
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Figure out the LHS type and other properties for an assignment or one item
+ * of ":unlet" with an index.
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+compile_lhs(
+	char_u	    *var_start,
+	lhs_T	    *lhs,
+	cmdidx_T    cmdidx,
+	int	    heredoc,
+	int	    has_cmd,	    // "var" before "var_start"
+	int	    oplen,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*var_end;
+    int		is_decl = is_decl_command(cmdidx);
+
+    CLEAR_POINTER(lhs);
+    lhs->lhs_dest = dest_local;
+    lhs->lhs_vimvaridx = -1;
+    lhs->lhs_scriptvar_idx = -1;
+    lhs->lhs_member_idx = -1;
+
+    // "dest_end" is the end of the destination, including "[expr]" or
+    // ".name".
+    // "var_end" is the end of the variable/option/etc. name.
+    lhs->lhs_dest_end = skip_var_one(var_start, FALSE);
+    if (*var_start == '@')
+    {
+	if (!valid_dest_reg(var_start[1]))
+	    return FAIL;
+	var_end = var_start + 2;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	// skip over the leading "&", "&l:", "&g:" and "$"
+	var_end = skip_option_env_lead(var_start);
+	var_end = to_name_end(var_end, TRUE);
+    }
+
+    // "a: type" is declaring variable "a" with a type, not dict "a:".
+    if (is_decl && lhs->lhs_dest_end == var_start + 2
+					       && lhs->lhs_dest_end[-1] == ':')
+	--lhs->lhs_dest_end;
+    if (is_decl && var_end == var_start + 2 && var_end[-1] == ':')
+	--var_end;
+    lhs->lhs_end = lhs->lhs_dest_end;
+
+    // compute the length of the destination without "[expr]" or ".name"
+    lhs->lhs_varlen = var_end - var_start;
+    lhs->lhs_varlen_total = lhs->lhs_varlen;
+    lhs->lhs_name = vim_strnsave(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen);
+    if (lhs->lhs_name == NULL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (lhs->lhs_dest_end > var_start + lhs->lhs_varlen)
+	// Something follows after the variable: "var[idx]" or "var.key".
+	lhs->lhs_has_index = TRUE;
+
+    if (heredoc)
+	lhs->lhs_type = &t_list_string;
+    else
+	lhs->lhs_type = &t_any;
+
+    if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+    {
+	int	    declare_error = FALSE;
+
+	if (get_var_dest(lhs->lhs_name, &lhs->lhs_dest, cmdidx,
+				      &lhs->lhs_opt_flags, &lhs->lhs_vimvaridx,
+						 &lhs->lhs_type, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (lhs->lhs_dest != dest_local
+				 && cmdidx != CMD_const && cmdidx != CMD_final)
+	{
+	    // Specific kind of variable recognized.
+	    declare_error = is_decl;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    class_T	*defcl;
+
+	    // No specific kind of variable recognized, just a name.
+	    if (check_reserved_name(lhs->lhs_name, lhs->lhs_has_index
+						&& *var_end == '.') == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+
+	    if (lookup_local(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen,
+					     &lhs->lhs_local_lvar, cctx) == OK)
+	    {
+		lhs->lhs_lvar = &lhs->lhs_local_lvar;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		CLEAR_FIELD(lhs->lhs_arg_lvar);
+		if (arg_exists(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen,
+			 &lhs->lhs_arg_lvar.lv_idx, &lhs->lhs_arg_lvar.lv_type,
+			    &lhs->lhs_arg_lvar.lv_from_outer, cctx) == OK)
+		{
+		    if (is_decl)
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_str_is_used_as_argument), lhs->lhs_name);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+		    lhs->lhs_lvar = &lhs->lhs_arg_lvar;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    if (lhs->lhs_lvar != NULL)
+	    {
+		if (is_decl)
+		{
+		    // if we come here with what looks like an assignment like
+		    // .= but which has been rejected by assignment_len() from
+		    // may_compile_assignment give a better error message
+		    char_u *p = skipwhite(lhs->lhs_end);
+		    if (p[0] == '.' && p[1] == '=')
+			emsg(_(e_dot_equal_not_supported_with_script_version_two));
+		    else if (p[0] == ':')
+			// type specified in a non-var assignment
+			semsg(_(e_trailing_characters_str), p);
+		    else
+			semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+	    }
+	    else if ((lhs->lhs_classmember_idx = cctx_class_member_idx(
+			    cctx, var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen, &defcl)) >= 0)
+	    {
+		if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_defclass != defcl)
+		{
+		    // A class variable can be accessed without the class name
+		    // only inside a class.
+		    semsg(_(e_class_variable_str_accessible_only_inside_class_str),
+			    lhs->lhs_name, defcl->class_name);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		if (is_decl)
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared_in_class_str),
+								lhs->lhs_name);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+
+		ocmember_T	*m =
+			&defcl->class_class_members[lhs->lhs_classmember_idx];
+		if (oc_var_check_ro(defcl, m))
+		    return FAIL;
+
+		lhs->lhs_dest = dest_class_member;
+		lhs->lhs_class = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class;
+		lhs->lhs_type =
+		    oc_member_type_by_idx(cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class,
+					FALSE, lhs->lhs_classmember_idx);
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		int script_namespace = lhs->lhs_varlen > 1
+				       && STRNCMP(var_start, "s:", 2) == 0;
+		int script_var = (script_namespace
+			? script_var_exists(var_start + 2, lhs->lhs_varlen - 2,
+								    cctx, NULL)
+			  : script_var_exists(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen,
+							    cctx, NULL)) == OK;
+		imported_T  *import =
+			      find_imported(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen, FALSE);
+
+		if (script_namespace || script_var || import != NULL)
+		{
+		    char_u	*rawname = lhs->lhs_name
+					   + (lhs->lhs_name[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0);
+
+		    if (script_namespace && current_script_is_vim9())
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_cannot_use_s_colon_in_vim9_script_str),
+								    var_start);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+		    if (is_decl)
+		    {
+			if (script_namespace)
+			    semsg(_(e_cannot_declare_script_variable_in_function_str),
+								lhs->lhs_name);
+			else
+			    semsg(_(e_variable_already_declared_in_script_str),
+								lhs->lhs_name);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+		    else if (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_script_ctx_version
+							 == SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9
+				    && script_namespace
+				    && !script_var && import == NULL)
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_unknown_variable_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+
+		    lhs->lhs_dest = dest_script;
+
+		    // existing script-local variables should have a type
+		    lhs->lhs_scriptvar_sid = current_sctx.sc_sid;
+		    if (import != NULL)
+		    {
+			char_u	*dot = vim_strchr(var_start, '.');
+			char_u	*p;
+
+			// for an import the name is what comes after the dot
+			if (dot == NULL)
+			{
+			    semsg(_(e_no_dot_after_imported_name_str),
+								    var_start);
+			    return FAIL;
+			}
+			p = skipwhite(dot + 1);
+			var_end = to_name_end(p, TRUE);
+			if (var_end == p)
+			{
+			    semsg(_(e_missing_name_after_imported_name_str),
+								    var_start);
+			    return FAIL;
+			}
+			vim_free(lhs->lhs_name);
+			lhs->lhs_varlen = var_end - p;
+			lhs->lhs_name = vim_strnsave(p, lhs->lhs_varlen);
+			if (lhs->lhs_name == NULL)
+			    return FAIL;
+			rawname = lhs->lhs_name;
+			lhs->lhs_scriptvar_sid = import->imp_sid;
+			// TODO: where do we check this name is exported?
+
+			// Check if something follows: "exp.var[idx]" or
+			// "exp.var.key".
+			lhs->lhs_has_index = lhs->lhs_dest_end
+							  > skipwhite(var_end);
+		    }
+		    if (SCRIPT_ID_VALID(lhs->lhs_scriptvar_sid))
+		    {
+			// Check writable only when no index follows.
+			lhs->lhs_scriptvar_idx = get_script_item_idx(
+					       lhs->lhs_scriptvar_sid, rawname,
+			      lhs->lhs_has_index ? ASSIGN_FINAL : ASSIGN_CONST,
+								   cctx, NULL);
+			if (lhs->lhs_scriptvar_idx >= 0)
+			{
+			    scriptitem_T *si = SCRIPT_ITEM(
+						       lhs->lhs_scriptvar_sid);
+			    svar_T	 *sv =
+					    ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data)
+						      + lhs->lhs_scriptvar_idx;
+			    lhs->lhs_type = sv->sv_type;
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+		else if (check_defined(var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen, cctx,
+							  NULL, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if (declare_error)
+	{
+	    vim9_declare_error(lhs->lhs_name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    // handle "a:name" as a name, not index "name" in "a"
+    if (lhs->lhs_varlen > 1 || var_start[lhs->lhs_varlen] != ':')
+	var_end = lhs->lhs_dest_end;
+
+    if (lhs->lhs_dest != dest_option && lhs->lhs_dest != dest_func_option)
+    {
+	if (is_decl && *skipwhite(var_end) == ':')
+	{
+	    char_u *p;
+
+	    // parse optional type: "let var: type = expr"
+	    if (VIM_ISWHITE(*var_end))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_colon_str), var_end);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (!VIM_ISWHITE(var_end[1]))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_after_str_str), ":", var_end);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    p = skipwhite(var_end + 1);
+	    lhs->lhs_type = parse_type(&p, cctx->ctx_type_list, TRUE);
+	    if (lhs->lhs_type == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    lhs->lhs_has_type = TRUE;
+	    lhs->lhs_end = p;
+	}
+	else if (lhs->lhs_lvar != NULL)
+	    lhs->lhs_type = lhs->lhs_lvar->lv_type;
+    }
+
+    if (oplen == 3 && !heredoc
+		   && lhs->lhs_dest != dest_global
+		   && !lhs->lhs_has_index
+		   && lhs->lhs_type->tt_type != VAR_STRING
+		   && lhs->lhs_type->tt_type != VAR_ANY)
+    {
+	emsg(_(e_can_only_concatenate_to_string));
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    if (lhs->lhs_lvar == NULL && lhs->lhs_dest == dest_local
+						 && cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+    {
+	if (oplen > 1 && !heredoc)
+	{
+	    // +=, /=, etc. require an existing variable
+	    semsg(_(e_cannot_use_operator_on_new_variable_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (!is_decl || (lhs->lhs_has_index && !has_cmd
+						&& cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_unknown_variable_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Check the name is valid for a funcref.
+	if ((lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_FUNC
+				      || lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
+		&& var_wrong_func_name(lhs->lhs_name, TRUE))
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	// New local variable.
+	int assign = cmdidx == CMD_final ? ASSIGN_FINAL
+			     : cmdidx == CMD_const ? ASSIGN_CONST : ASSIGN_VAR;
+	lhs->lhs_lvar = reserve_local(cctx, var_start, lhs->lhs_varlen,
+							assign, lhs->lhs_type);
+	if (lhs->lhs_lvar == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	lhs->lhs_new_local = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    lhs->lhs_member_type = lhs->lhs_type;
+    if (lhs->lhs_has_index)
+    {
+	char_u	*after = var_start + lhs->lhs_varlen;
+	char_u	*p;
+
+	// Something follows after the variable: "var[idx]" or "var.key".
+	if (is_decl && cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+	{
+	    if (has_cmd)
+		emsg(_(e_cannot_use_index_when_declaring_variable));
+	    else
+		semsg(_(e_unknown_variable_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Now: var_start[lhs->lhs_varlen] is '[' or '.'
+	// Only the last index is used below, if there are others
+	// before it generate code for the expression.  Thus for
+	// "ll[1][2]" the expression is "ll[1]" and "[2]" is the index.
+	for (;;)
+	{
+	    p = skip_index(after);
+	    if (*p != '[' && *p != '.')
+	    {
+		lhs->lhs_varlen_total = p - var_start;
+		break;
+	    }
+	    after = p;
+	}
+	if (after > var_start + lhs->lhs_varlen)
+	{
+	    lhs->lhs_varlen = after - var_start;
+	    lhs->lhs_dest = dest_expr;
+	    // We don't know the type before evaluating the expression,
+	    // use "any" until then.
+	    lhs->lhs_type = &t_any;
+	}
+
+	int use_class = lhs->lhs_type != NULL
+			    && (lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_CLASS
+				    || lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_OBJECT);
+	if (lhs->lhs_type == NULL
+		|| (use_class ? lhs->lhs_type->tt_class == NULL
+		    : lhs->lhs_type->tt_member == NULL))
+	{
+	    lhs->lhs_member_type = &t_any;
+	}
+	else if (use_class)
+	{
+	    // for an object or class member get the type of the member
+	    class_T	*cl = lhs->lhs_type->tt_class;
+	    int		is_object = lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_OBJECT;
+	    char_u	*name = var_start + lhs->lhs_varlen + 1;
+	    size_t	namelen = lhs->lhs_end - var_start - lhs->lhs_varlen - 1;
+
+	    ocmember_T	*m = member_lookup(cl, lhs->lhs_type->tt_type,
+					name, namelen, &lhs->lhs_member_idx);
+	    if (m == NULL)
+	    {
+		member_not_found_msg(cl, lhs->lhs_type->tt_type, name, namelen);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    // If it is private member variable, then accessing it outside the
+	    // class is not allowed.
+	    // If it is a read only class variable, then it can be modified
+	    // only inside the class where it is defined.
+	    if ((m->ocm_access != VIM_ACCESS_ALL) &&
+		    ((is_object && !inside_class(cctx, cl))
+		     || (!is_object && cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_class != cl)))
+	    {
+		char *msg = (m->ocm_access == VIM_ACCESS_PRIVATE)
+				    ? e_cannot_access_protected_variable_str
+				    : e_variable_is_not_writable_str;
+		emsg_var_cl_define(msg, m->ocm_name, 0, cl);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    if (!IS_CONSTRUCTOR_METHOD(cctx->ctx_ufunc)
+						&& oc_var_check_ro(cl, m))
+		return FAIL;
+
+	    lhs->lhs_member_type = m->ocm_type;
+	}
+	else
+	    lhs->lhs_member_type = lhs->lhs_type->tt_member;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Figure out the LHS and check a few errors.
+ */
+    int
+compile_assign_lhs(
+	char_u	    *var_start,
+	lhs_T	    *lhs,
+	cmdidx_T    cmdidx,
+	int	    is_decl,
+	int	    heredoc,
+	int	    has_cmd,	    // "var" before "var_start"
+	int	    oplen,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx)
+{
+    if (compile_lhs(var_start, lhs, cmdidx, heredoc, has_cmd, oplen, cctx)
+								       == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (!lhs->lhs_has_index && lhs->lhs_lvar == &lhs->lhs_arg_lvar)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_cannot_assign_to_argument_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    if (!is_decl && lhs->lhs_lvar != NULL
+			   && lhs->lhs_lvar->lv_const != ASSIGN_VAR
+			   && !lhs->lhs_has_index)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_cannot_assign_to_constant_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "lhs" has a range index: "[expr : expr]".
+ */
+    static int
+has_list_index(char_u *idx_start, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u  *p = idx_start;
+    int	    save_skip;
+
+    if (*p != '[')
+	return FALSE;
+
+    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
+    if (*p == ':')
+	return TRUE;
+
+    save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
+    cctx->ctx_skip = SKIP_YES;
+    (void)compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
+    cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
+    return *skipwhite(p) == ':';
+}
+
+/*
+ * For an assignment with an index, compile the "idx" in "var[idx]" or "key" in
+ * "var.key".
+ */
+    static int
+compile_assign_index(
+	char_u	*var_start,
+	lhs_T	*lhs,
+	int	*range,
+	cctx_T	*cctx)
+{
+    size_t	varlen = lhs->lhs_varlen;
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		r = OK;
+    int		need_white_before = TRUE;
+    int		empty_second;
+
+    p = var_start + varlen;
+    if (*p == '[')
+    {
+	p = skipwhite(p + 1);
+	if (*p == ':')
+	{
+	    // empty first index, push zero
+	    r = generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 0);
+	    need_white_before = FALSE;
+	}
+	else
+	    r = compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
+
+	if (r == OK && *skipwhite(p) == ':')
+	{
+	    // unlet var[idx : idx]
+	    // blob[idx : idx] = value
+	    *range = TRUE;
+	    p = skipwhite(p);
+	    empty_second = *skipwhite(p + 1) == ']';
+	    if ((need_white_before && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[-1]))
+		    || (!empty_second && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[1])))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+								      ":", p);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
+	    if (*p == ']')
+		// empty second index, push "none"
+		r = generate_PUSHSPEC(cctx, VVAL_NONE);
+	    else
+		r = compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
+	}
+
+	if (r == OK && *skipwhite(p) != ']')
+	{
+	    // this should not happen
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_closing_square_brace));
+	    r = FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    else if (lhs->lhs_member_idx >= 0)
+    {
+	// object member index
+	r = generate_PUSHNR(cctx, lhs->lhs_member_idx);
+    }
+    else // if (*p == '.')
+    {
+	char_u *key_end = to_name_end(p + 1, TRUE);
+	char_u *key = vim_strnsave(p + 1, key_end - p - 1);
+
+	r = generate_PUSHS(cctx, &key);
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For a LHS with an index, load the variable to be indexed.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_load_lhs(
+	lhs_T	*lhs,
+	char_u	*var_start,
+	type_T	*rhs_type,
+	cctx_T	*cctx)
+{
+    if (lhs->lhs_dest == dest_expr)
+    {
+	size_t	    varlen = lhs->lhs_varlen;
+	int	    c = var_start[varlen];
+	int	    lines_len = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len;
+	int	    res;
+
+	// Evaluate "ll[expr]" of "ll[expr][idx]".  End the line with a NUL and
+	// limit the lines array length to avoid skipping to a following line.
+	var_start[varlen] = NUL;
+	cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len = cctx->ctx_lnum + 1;
+	char_u *p = var_start;
+	res = compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
+	var_start[varlen] = c;
+	cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len = lines_len;
+	if (res == FAIL || p != var_start + varlen)
+	{
+	    // this should not happen
+	    if (res != FAIL)
+		emsg(_(e_missing_closing_square_brace));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	lhs->lhs_type = cctx->ctx_type_stack.ga_len == 0 ? &t_void
+						  : get_type_on_stack(cctx, 0);
+
+	if (lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_OBJECT)
+	{
+	    // Check whether the object variable is modifiable
+	    if (!lhs_class_member_modifiable(lhs, var_start, cctx))
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Now we can properly check the type.  The variable is indexed, thus
+	// we need the member type.  For a class or object we don't know the
+	// type yet, it depends on what member is used.
+	// The top item in the stack is the Dict, followed by the key and then
+	// the type of the value.
+	vartype_T vartype = lhs->lhs_type->tt_type;
+	type_T *member_type = lhs->lhs_type->tt_member;
+	if (rhs_type != NULL && member_type != NULL
+		&& vartype != VAR_OBJECT && vartype != VAR_CLASS
+		&& rhs_type != &t_void
+		&& need_type(rhs_type, member_type, FALSE,
+					    -3, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    return  generate_loadvar(cctx, lhs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Produce code for loading "lhs" and also take care of an index.
+ * Return OK/FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+compile_load_lhs_with_index(lhs_T *lhs, char_u *var_start, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    if (lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_OBJECT)
+    {
+	// "this.value": load "this" object and get the value at index for an
+	// object or class member get the type of the member.
+	// Also for "obj.value".
+	char_u *dot = vim_strchr(var_start, '.');
+	if (dot == NULL)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_missing_dot_after_object_str), lhs->lhs_name);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	class_T	*cl = lhs->lhs_type->tt_class;
+	type_T	*type = oc_member_type(cl, TRUE, dot + 1,
+					  lhs->lhs_end, &lhs->lhs_member_idx);
+	if (lhs->lhs_member_idx < 0)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (dot - var_start == 4 && STRNCMP(var_start, "this", 4) == 0)
+	{
+	    // load "this"
+	    if (generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOAD, 0, NULL, lhs->lhs_type) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    // load object variable or argument
+	    if (compile_load_lhs(lhs, var_start, lhs->lhs_type, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (cl->class_flags & CLASS_INTERFACE)
+	    return generate_GET_ITF_MEMBER(cctx, cl, lhs->lhs_member_idx, type);
+	return generate_GET_OBJ_MEMBER(cctx, lhs->lhs_member_idx, type);
+    }
+    else if (lhs->lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_CLASS)
+    {
+	// "<classname>.value": load class variable "classname.value"
+	char_u *dot = vim_strchr(var_start, '.');
+	if (dot == NULL)
+	{
+	    check_type_is_value(lhs->lhs_type);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	class_T	*cl = lhs->lhs_type->tt_class;
+	ocmember_T *m = class_member_lookup(cl, dot + 1,
+						lhs->lhs_end - dot - 1,
+						&lhs->lhs_member_idx);
+	if (m == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	return generate_CLASSMEMBER(cctx, TRUE, cl, lhs->lhs_member_idx);
+    }
+
+    if (compile_load_lhs(lhs, var_start, NULL, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (lhs->lhs_has_index)
+    {
+	int range = FALSE;
+
+	// Get member from list or dict.  First compile the
+	// index value.
+	if (compile_assign_index(var_start, lhs, &range, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (range)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_cannot_use_range_with_assignment_operator_str),
+								    var_start);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Get the member.
+	if (compile_member(FALSE, NULL, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Assignment to a list or dict member, or ":unlet" for the item, using the
+ * information in "lhs".
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+compile_assign_unlet(
+	char_u	*var_start,
+	lhs_T	*lhs,
+	int	is_assign,
+	type_T	*rhs_type,
+	cctx_T	*cctx)
+{
+    vartype_T	dest_type;
+    int		range = FALSE;
+
+    if (compile_assign_index(var_start, lhs, &range, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (is_assign && range
+	    && lhs->lhs_type->tt_type != VAR_LIST
+	    && lhs->lhs_type != &t_blob
+	    && lhs->lhs_type != &t_any)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_cannot_use_range_with_assignment_str), var_start);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    if (lhs->lhs_type == NULL || lhs->lhs_type == &t_any)
+    {
+	// Index on variable of unknown type: check at runtime.
+	dest_type = VAR_ANY;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	dest_type = lhs->lhs_type->tt_type;
+	if (dest_type == VAR_DICT && range)
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_cannot_use_range_with_dictionary));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (dest_type == VAR_DICT
+			      && may_generate_2STRING(-1, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (dest_type == VAR_LIST || dest_type == VAR_BLOB)
+	{
+	    type_T *type;
+
+	    if (range)
+	    {
+		type = get_type_on_stack(cctx, 1);
+		if (need_type(type, &t_number, FALSE,
+					    -2, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    type = get_type_on_stack(cctx, 0);
+	    if ((dest_type != VAR_BLOB && type->tt_type != VAR_SPECIAL)
+		    && need_type(type, &t_number, FALSE,
+					    -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	return OK;
+
+    // Load the dict, list or object.  On the stack we then have:
+    // - value (for assignment, not for :unlet)
+    // - index
+    // - for [a : b] second index
+    // - variable
+    if (compile_load_lhs(lhs, var_start, rhs_type, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (dest_type == VAR_LIST
+	    || dest_type == VAR_DICT
+	    || dest_type == VAR_BLOB
+	    || dest_type == VAR_CLASS
+	    || dest_type == VAR_OBJECT
+	    || dest_type == VAR_ANY)
+    {
+	if (is_assign)
+	{
+	    if (range)
+	    {
+		if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STORERANGE, 4) == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		isn_T	*isn = generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STOREINDEX, 3);
+
+		if (isn == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		isn->isn_arg.storeindex.si_vartype = dest_type;
+		isn->isn_arg.storeindex.si_class = NULL;
+
+		if (dest_type == VAR_OBJECT)
+		{
+		    class_T *cl = lhs->lhs_type->tt_class;
+
+		    if (cl->class_flags & CLASS_INTERFACE)
+		    {
+			// "this.value": load "this" object and get the value
+			// at index for an object or class member get the type
+			// of the member
+			isn->isn_arg.storeindex.si_class = cl;
+			++cl->class_refcount;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (range)
+	{
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_UNLETRANGE, 3) == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_UNLETINDEX, 2) == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	emsg(_(e_indexable_type_required));
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generate an instruction to push the default value for "vartype".
+ * if "dest_local" is TRUE then for some types no instruction is generated.
+ * "skip_store" is set to TRUE if no PUSH instruction is generated.
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    static int
+push_default_value(
+	cctx_T	    *cctx,
+	vartype_T   vartype,
+	int	    dest_is_local,
+	int	    *skip_store)
+{
+    int r = OK;
+
+    switch (vartype)
+    {
+	case VAR_BOOL:
+	    r = generate_PUSHBOOL(cctx, VVAL_FALSE);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_FLOAT:
+	    r = generate_PUSHF(cctx, 0.0);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_STRING:
+	    r = generate_PUSHS(cctx, NULL);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_BLOB:
+	    r = generate_PUSHBLOB(cctx, blob_alloc());
+	    break;
+	case VAR_FUNC:
+	    r = generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, NULL, &t_func_void, TRUE);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_LIST:
+	    r = generate_NEWLIST(cctx, 0, FALSE);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_DICT:
+	    r = generate_NEWDICT(cctx, 0, FALSE);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_JOB:
+	    r = generate_PUSHJOB(cctx);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_CHANNEL:
+	    r = generate_PUSHCHANNEL(cctx);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_OBJECT:
+	    r = generate_PUSHOBJ(cctx);
+	    break;
+	case VAR_NUMBER:
+	case VAR_UNKNOWN:
+	case VAR_ANY:
+	case VAR_PARTIAL:
+	case VAR_VOID:
+	case VAR_INSTR:
+	case VAR_CLASS:
+	case VAR_TYPEALIAS:
+	case VAR_SPECIAL:  // cannot happen
+	    // This is skipped for local variables, they are always
+	    // initialized to zero.  But in a "for" or "while" loop
+	    // the value may have been changed.
+	    if (dest_is_local && !inside_loop_scope(cctx))
+		*skip_store = TRUE;
+	    else
+		r = generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 0);
+	    break;
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile declaration and assignment:
+ * "let name"
+ * "var name = expr"
+ * "final name = expr"
+ * "const name = expr"
+ * "name = expr"
+ * "arg" points to "name".
+ * "++arg" and "--arg"
+ * Return NULL for an error.
+ * Return "arg" if it does not look like a variable list.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+compile_assignment(
+	char_u	    *arg_start,
+	exarg_T	    *eap,
+	cmdidx_T    cmdidx,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*arg = arg_start;
+    char_u	*var_start;
+    char_u	*p;
+    char_u	*end = arg;
+    char_u	*ret = NULL;
+    int		var_count = 0;
+    int		var_idx;
+    int		semicolon = 0;
+    int		did_generate_slice = FALSE;
+    garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
+    int		jump_instr_idx = instr->ga_len;
+    char_u	*op;
+    int		oplen = 0;
+    int		heredoc = FALSE;
+    int		incdec = FALSE;
+    type_T	*rhs_type = &t_any;
+    char_u	*sp;
+    int		is_decl = is_decl_command(cmdidx);
+    lhs_T	lhs;
+    CLEAR_FIELD(lhs);
+    long	start_lnum = SOURCING_LNUM;
+
+    int	has_arg_is_set_prefix = STRNCMP(arg, "ifargisset ", 11) == 0;
+    if (has_arg_is_set_prefix)
+    {
+	arg += 11;
+	int def_idx = getdigits(&arg);
+	arg = skipwhite(arg);
+
+	// Use a JUMP_IF_ARG_NOT_SET instruction to skip if the value was not
+	// given and the default value is "v:none".
+	int off = STACK_FRAME_SIZE + (cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL
+								      ? 1 : 0);
+	int count = cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len;
+	if (generate_JUMP_IF_ARG(cctx, ISN_JUMP_IF_ARG_NOT_SET,
+						def_idx - count - off) == FAIL)
+	    goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // Skip over the "varname" or "[varname, varname]" to get to any "=".
+    p = skip_var_list(arg, TRUE, &var_count, &semicolon, TRUE);
+    if (p == NULL)
+	return *arg == '[' ? arg : NULL;
+
+    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_increment || eap->cmdidx == CMD_decrement)
+    {
+	if (VIM_ISWHITE(eap->cmd[2]))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_after_str_str),
+			 eap->cmdidx == CMD_increment ? "++" : "--", eap->cmd);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+	op = (char_u *)(eap->cmdidx == CMD_increment ? "+=" : "-=");
+	oplen = 2;
+	incdec = TRUE;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	sp = p;
+	p = skipwhite(p);
+	op = p;
+	oplen = assignment_len(p, &heredoc);
+
+	if (var_count > 0 && oplen == 0)
+	    // can be something like "[1, 2]->func()"
+	    return arg;
+
+	if (oplen > 0 && (!VIM_ISWHITE(*sp) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(op[oplen])))
+	{
+	    error_white_both(op, oplen);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (heredoc)
+    {
+	list_T	   *l;
+
+	// [let] varname =<< [trim] {end}
+	eap->ea_getline = exarg_getline;
+	eap->cookie = cctx;
+	l = heredoc_get(eap, op + 3, FALSE, TRUE);
+	if (l == NULL)
+	    return NULL;
+
+	list_free(l);
+	p += STRLEN(p);
+	end = p;
+    }
+    else if (var_count > 0)
+    {
+	char_u *wp;
+
+	// for "[var, var] = expr" evaluate the expression here, loop over the
+	// list of variables below.
+	// A line break may follow the "=".
+
+	wp = op + oplen;
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(wp, &p, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return NULL;
+	end = p;
+
+	if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+	{
+	    type_T	*stacktype;
+	    int		needed_list_len;
+	    int		did_check = FALSE;
+
+	    stacktype = cctx->ctx_type_stack.ga_len == 0 ? &t_void
+						  : get_type_on_stack(cctx, 0);
+	    if (stacktype->tt_type == VAR_VOID)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_cannot_use_void_value));
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	    if (need_type(stacktype, &t_list_any, FALSE, -1, 0, cctx,
+							 FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		goto theend;
+	    // If a constant list was used we can check the length right here.
+	    needed_list_len = semicolon ? var_count - 1 : var_count;
+	    if (instr->ga_len > 0)
+	    {
+		isn_T	*isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + instr->ga_len - 1;
+
+		if (isn->isn_type == ISN_NEWLIST)
+		{
+		    did_check = TRUE;
+		    if (semicolon ? isn->isn_arg.number < needed_list_len
+			    : isn->isn_arg.number != needed_list_len)
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_expected_nr_items_but_got_nr),
+				    needed_list_len, (int)isn->isn_arg.number);
+			goto theend;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (!did_check)
+		generate_CHECKLEN(cctx, needed_list_len, semicolon);
+	    if (stacktype->tt_member != NULL)
+		rhs_type = stacktype->tt_member;
+	}
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Loop over variables in "[var, var] = expr".
+     * For "var = expr" and "let var: type" this is done only once.
+     */
+    if (var_count > 0)
+	var_start = skipwhite(arg + 1);  // skip over the "["
+    else
+	var_start = arg;
+    for (var_idx = 0; var_idx == 0 || var_idx < var_count; var_idx++)
+    {
+	int	instr_count = -1;
+	int	save_lnum;
+	int	skip_store = FALSE;
+	type_T	*inferred_type = NULL;
+
+	if (var_start[0] == '_' && !eval_isnamec(var_start[1]))
+	{
+	    // Ignore underscore in "[a, _, b] = list".
+	    if (var_count > 0)
+	    {
+		var_start = skipwhite(var_start + 2);
+		continue;
+	    }
+	    emsg(_(e_cannot_use_underscore_here));
+	    goto theend;
+	}
+	vim_free(lhs.lhs_name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out the LHS type and other properties.
+	 */
+	if (compile_assign_lhs(var_start, &lhs, cmdidx,
+				is_decl, heredoc, var_start > eap->cmd,
+				oplen, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    goto theend;
+	if (heredoc)
+	{
+	    SOURCING_LNUM = start_lnum;
+	    if (lhs.lhs_has_type
+		    && need_type(&t_list_string, lhs.lhs_type, FALSE,
+					    -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		goto theend;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	    {
+		if (oplen > 0 && var_count == 0)
+		{
+		    // skip over the "=" and the expression
+		    p = skipwhite(op + oplen);
+		    (void)compile_expr0(&p, cctx);
+		}
+	    }
+	    else if (oplen > 0)
+	    {
+		int	is_const = FALSE;
+		char_u	*wp;
+
+		// for "+=", "*=", "..=" etc. first load the current value
+		if (*op != '='
+			&& compile_load_lhs_with_index(&lhs, var_start,
+								 cctx) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+
+		// For "var = expr" evaluate the expression.
+		if (var_count == 0)
+		{
+		    int	r;
+
+		    // Compile the expression.
+		    instr_count = instr->ga_len;
+		    if (incdec)
+		    {
+			r = generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 1);
+		    }
+		    else
+		    {
+			// Temporarily hide the new local variable here, it is
+			// not available to this expression.
+			if (lhs.lhs_new_local)
+			    --cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
+			wp = op + oplen;
+			if (may_get_next_line_error(wp, &p, cctx) == FAIL)
+			{
+			    if (lhs.lhs_new_local)
+				++cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
+			    goto theend;
+			}
+			r = compile_expr0_ext(&p, cctx, &is_const);
+			if (lhs.lhs_new_local)
+			    ++cctx->ctx_locals.ga_len;
+		    }
+		    if (r == FAIL)
+			goto theend;
+		}
+		else if (semicolon && var_idx == var_count - 1)
+		{
+		    // For "[var; var] = expr" get the rest of the list
+		    did_generate_slice = TRUE;
+		    if (generate_SLICE(cctx, var_count - 1) == FAIL)
+			goto theend;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    // For "[var, var] = expr" get the "var_idx" item from the
+		    // list.
+		    if (generate_GETITEM(cctx, var_idx, *op != '=') == FAIL)
+			goto theend;
+		}
+
+		rhs_type = cctx->ctx_type_stack.ga_len == 0 ? &t_void
+						  : get_type_on_stack(cctx, 0);
+		if (check_type_is_value(rhs_type) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+		if (lhs.lhs_lvar != NULL && (is_decl || !lhs.lhs_has_type))
+		{
+		    if ((rhs_type->tt_type == VAR_FUNC
+				|| rhs_type->tt_type == VAR_PARTIAL)
+			    && !lhs.lhs_has_index
+			    && var_wrong_func_name(lhs.lhs_name, TRUE))
+			goto theend;
+
+		    if (lhs.lhs_new_local && !lhs.lhs_has_type)
+		    {
+			if (rhs_type->tt_type == VAR_VOID)
+			{
+			    emsg(_(e_cannot_use_void_value));
+			    goto theend;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+			    type_T *type;
+
+			    // An empty list or dict has a &t_unknown member,
+			    // for a variable that implies &t_any.
+			    if (rhs_type == &t_list_empty)
+				type = &t_list_any;
+			    else if (rhs_type == &t_dict_empty)
+				type = &t_dict_any;
+			    else if (rhs_type == &t_unknown)
+				type = &t_any;
+			    else
+			    {
+				type = rhs_type;
+				inferred_type = rhs_type;
+			    }
+			    set_var_type(lhs.lhs_lvar, type, cctx);
+			}
+		    }
+		    else if (*op == '=')
+		    {
+			type_T *use_type = lhs.lhs_lvar->lv_type;
+			where_T where = WHERE_INIT;
+
+			// Without operator check type here, otherwise below.
+			// Use the line number of the assignment.
+			SOURCING_LNUM = start_lnum;
+			if (var_count > 0)
+			{
+			    where.wt_index = var_idx + 1;
+			    where.wt_kind = WT_VARIABLE;
+			}
+			// If assigning to a list or dict member, use the
+			// member type.  Not for "list[:] =".
+			if (lhs.lhs_has_index
+				&& !has_list_index(var_start + lhs.lhs_varlen,
+									 cctx))
+			    use_type = lhs.lhs_member_type;
+			if (need_type_where(rhs_type, use_type, FALSE, -1,
+					 where, cctx, FALSE, is_const) == FAIL)
+			    goto theend;
+		    }
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    type_T *lhs_type = lhs.lhs_member_type;
+
+		    // Special case: assigning to @# can use a number or a
+		    // string.
+		    // Also: can assign a number to a float.
+		    if ((lhs_type == &t_number_or_string
+				|| lhs_type == &t_float)
+			    && rhs_type->tt_type == VAR_NUMBER)
+			lhs_type = &t_number;
+		    if (*p != '=' && need_type(rhs_type, lhs_type, FALSE,
+					    -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+			goto theend;
+		}
+	    }
+	    else if (cmdidx == CMD_final)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_final_requires_a_value));
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else if (cmdidx == CMD_const)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_const_requires_a_value));
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else if (!lhs.lhs_has_type || lhs.lhs_dest == dest_option
+					   || lhs.lhs_dest == dest_func_option)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_type_or_initialization_required));
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		// variables are always initialized
+		if (GA_GROW_FAILS(instr, 1))
+		    goto theend;
+		instr_count = instr->ga_len;
+		int r = push_default_value(cctx, lhs.lhs_member_type->tt_type,
+				      lhs.lhs_dest == dest_local, &skip_store);
+		if (r == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+	    if (var_count == 0)
+		end = p;
+	}
+
+	// no need to parse more when skipping
+	if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	    break;
+
+	if (oplen > 0 && *op != '=')
+	{
+	    type_T	    *expected;
+	    type_T	    *stacktype = NULL;
+
+	    if (*op == '.')
+	    {
+		if (may_generate_2STRING(-1, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		expected = lhs.lhs_member_type;
+		stacktype = get_type_on_stack(cctx, 0);
+		if (
+		    // If variable is float operation with number is OK.
+		    !(expected == &t_float && (stacktype == &t_number
+			    || stacktype == &t_number_bool))
+		    && need_type(stacktype, expected, TRUE, -1, 0, cctx,
+							 FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+
+	    if (*op == '.')
+	    {
+		if (generate_CONCAT(cctx, 2) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else if (*op == '+')
+	    {
+		if (generate_add_instr(cctx,
+			    operator_type(lhs.lhs_member_type, stacktype),
+				       lhs.lhs_member_type, stacktype,
+							  EXPR_APPEND) == FAIL)
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+	    else if (generate_two_op(cctx, op) == FAIL)
+		goto theend;
+	}
+
+	// Use the line number of the assignment for store instruction.
+	save_lnum = cctx->ctx_lnum;
+	cctx->ctx_lnum = start_lnum - 1;
+
+	if (lhs.lhs_has_index)
+	{
+	    // Use the info in "lhs" to store the value at the index in the
+	    // list, dict or object.
+	    if (compile_assign_unlet(var_start, &lhs, TRUE, rhs_type, cctx)
+								       == FAIL)
+	    {
+		cctx->ctx_lnum = save_lnum;
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if (is_decl && cmdidx == CMD_const && (lhs.lhs_dest == dest_script
+						|| lhs.lhs_dest == dest_global
+						|| lhs.lhs_dest == dest_local))
+		// ":const var": lock the value, but not referenced variables
+		generate_LOCKCONST(cctx);
+
+	    if ((lhs.lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_DICT
+					  || lhs.lhs_type->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
+		    && lhs.lhs_type->tt_member != NULL
+		    && lhs.lhs_type->tt_member != &t_any
+		    && lhs.lhs_type->tt_member != &t_unknown)
+		// Set the type in the list or dict, so that it can be checked,
+		// also in legacy script.
+		generate_SETTYPE(cctx, lhs.lhs_type);
+	    else if (inferred_type != NULL
+		    && (inferred_type->tt_type == VAR_DICT
+					|| inferred_type->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
+		    && inferred_type->tt_member != NULL
+		    && inferred_type->tt_member != &t_unknown
+		    && inferred_type->tt_member != &t_any)
+		// Set the type in the list or dict, so that it can be checked,
+		// also in legacy script.
+		generate_SETTYPE(cctx, inferred_type);
+
+	    if (!skip_store && generate_store_lhs(cctx, &lhs,
+						 instr_count, is_decl) == FAIL)
+	    {
+		cctx->ctx_lnum = save_lnum;
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	}
+	cctx->ctx_lnum = save_lnum;
+
+	if (var_idx + 1 < var_count)
+	    var_start = skipwhite(lhs.lhs_end + 1);
+
+	if (has_arg_is_set_prefix)
+	{
+	    // set instruction index in JUMP_IF_ARG_SET to here
+	    isn_T *isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + jump_instr_idx;
+	    isn->isn_arg.jumparg.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+    }
+
+    // For "[var, var] = expr" drop the "expr" value.
+    // Also for "[var, var; _] = expr".
+    if (var_count > 0 && (!semicolon || !did_generate_slice))
+    {
+	if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_DROP, 1) == NULL)
+	    goto theend;
+    }
+
+    ret = skipwhite(end);
+
+theend:
+    vim_free(lhs.lhs_name);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check for an assignment at "eap->cmd", compile it if found.
+ * Return NOTDONE if there is none, FAIL for failure, OK if done.
+ */
+    static int
+may_compile_assignment(exarg_T *eap, char_u **line, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u  *pskip;
+    char_u  *p;
+
+    // Assuming the command starts with a variable or function name,
+    // find what follows.
+    // Skip over "var.member", "var[idx]" and the like.
+    // Also "&opt = val", "$ENV = val" and "@r = val".
+    pskip = (*eap->cmd == '&' || *eap->cmd == '$' || *eap->cmd == '@')
+						 ? eap->cmd + 1 : eap->cmd;
+    p = to_name_end(pskip, TRUE);
+    if (p > eap->cmd && *p != NUL)
+    {
+	char_u *var_end;
+	int	oplen;
+	int	heredoc;
+
+	if (eap->cmd[0] == '@')
+	    var_end = eap->cmd + 2;
+	else
+	    var_end = find_name_end(pskip, NULL, NULL,
+					FNE_CHECK_START | FNE_INCL_BR);
+	oplen = assignment_len(skipwhite(var_end), &heredoc);
+	if (oplen > 0)
+	{
+	    size_t len = p - eap->cmd;
+
+	    // Recognize an assignment if we recognize the variable
+	    // name:
+	    // "&opt = expr"
+	    // "$ENV = expr"
+	    // "@r = expr"
+	    // "g:var = expr"
+	    // "g:[key] = expr"
+	    // "local = expr"  where "local" is a local var.
+	    // "script = expr"  where "script" is a script-local var.
+	    // "import = expr"  where "import" is an imported var
+	    if (*eap->cmd == '&'
+		    || *eap->cmd == '$'
+		    || *eap->cmd == '@'
+		    || ((len) > 2 && eap->cmd[1] == ':')
+		    || STRNCMP(eap->cmd, "g:[", 3) == 0
+		    || variable_exists(eap->cmd, len, cctx))
+	    {
+		*line = compile_assignment(eap->cmd, eap, CMD_SIZE, cctx);
+		if (*line == NULL || *line == eap->cmd)
+		    return FAIL;
+		return OK;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    // might be "[var, var] = expr" or "ifargisset this.member = expr"
+    if (*eap->cmd == '[' || STRNCMP(eap->cmd, "ifargisset ", 11) == 0)
+    {
+	*line = compile_assignment(eap->cmd, eap, CMD_SIZE, cctx);
+	if (*line == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (*line != eap->cmd)
+	    return OK;
+    }
+    return NOTDONE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if arguments of "ufunc" shadow variables in "cctx".
+ * Return OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    static int
+check_args_shadowing(ufunc_T *ufunc, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    int	    i;
+    char_u  *arg;
+    int	    r = OK;
+
+    // Make sure arguments are not found when compiling a second time.
+    ufunc->uf_args_visible = 0;
+
+    // Check for arguments shadowing variables from the context.
+    for (i = 0; i < ufunc->uf_args.ga_len; ++i)
+    {
+	arg = ((char_u **)(ufunc->uf_args.ga_data))[i];
+	if (check_defined(arg, STRLEN(arg), cctx, NULL, TRUE) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    r = FAIL;
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+    ufunc->uf_args_visible = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len;
+    return r;
+}
+
+#ifdef HAS_MESSAGE_WINDOW
+/*
+ * Get a count before a command.  Can only be a number.
+ * Returns zero if there is no count.
+ * Returns -1 if there is something wrong.
+ */
+    static long
+get_cmd_count(char_u *line, exarg_T *eap)
+{
+    char_u *p;
+
+    // skip over colons and white space
+    for (p = line; *p == ':' || VIM_ISWHITE(*p); ++p)
+	;
+    if (!SAFE_isdigit(*p))
+    {
+	// The command or modifiers must be following.  Assume a lower case
+	// character means there is a modifier.
+	if (p < eap->cmd && !vim_islower(*p))
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_invalid_range));
+	    return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+    }
+    return atol((char *)p);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Get the compilation type that should be used for "ufunc".
+ * Keep in sync with INSTRUCTIONS().
+ */
+    compiletype_T
+get_compile_type(ufunc_T *ufunc)
+{
+    // Update uf_has_breakpoint if needed.
+    update_has_breakpoint(ufunc);
+
+    if (debug_break_level > 0 || may_break_in_function(ufunc))
+	return CT_DEBUG;
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+    if (do_profiling == PROF_YES)
+    {
+	if (!ufunc->uf_profiling && has_profiling(FALSE, ufunc->uf_name, NULL,
+							    &ufunc->uf_hash))
+	    func_do_profile(ufunc);
+	if (ufunc->uf_profiling)
+	    return CT_PROFILE;
+    }
+#endif
+    return CT_NONE;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Add a function to the list of :def functions.
+ * This sets "ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx" but the function isn't compiled yet.
+ */
+    static int
+add_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc)
+{
+    dfunc_T *dfunc;
+
+    if (def_functions.ga_len == 0)
+    {
+	// The first position is not used, so that a zero uf_dfunc_idx means it
+	// wasn't set.
+	if (GA_GROW_FAILS(&def_functions, 1))
+	    return FAIL;
+	++def_functions.ga_len;
+    }
+
+    // Add the function to "def_functions".
+    if (GA_GROW_FAILS(&def_functions, 1))
+	return FAIL;
+    dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data) + def_functions.ga_len;
+    CLEAR_POINTER(dfunc);
+    dfunc->df_idx = def_functions.ga_len;
+    ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx = dfunc->df_idx;
+    dfunc->df_ufunc = ufunc;
+    dfunc->df_name = vim_strsave(ufunc->uf_name);
+    ga_init2(&dfunc->df_var_names, sizeof(char_u *), 10);
+    ++dfunc->df_refcount;
+    ++def_functions.ga_len;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * After ex_function() has collected all the function lines: parse and compile
+ * the lines into instructions.
+ * Adds the function to "def_functions".
+ * When "check_return_type" is set then set ufunc->uf_ret_type to the type of
+ * the return statement (used for lambda).  When uf_ret_type is already set
+ * then check that it matches.
+ * When "profiling" is true add ISN_PROF_START instructions.
+ * "outer_cctx" is set for a nested function.
+ * This can be used recursively through compile_lambda(), which may reallocate
+ * "def_functions".
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+compile_def_function(
+	ufunc_T		*ufunc,
+	int		check_return_type,
+	compiletype_T   compile_type,
+	cctx_T		*outer_cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*line = NULL;
+    garray_T	lines_to_free;
+    char_u	*p;
+    char	*errormsg = NULL;	// error message
+    cctx_T	cctx;
+    garray_T	*instr;
+    int		did_emsg_before = did_emsg;
+    int		did_emsg_silent_before = did_emsg_silent;
+    int		ret = FAIL;
+    sctx_T	save_current_sctx = current_sctx;
+    int		save_estack_compiling = estack_compiling;
+    int		save_cmod_flags = cmdmod.cmod_flags;
+    int		do_estack_push;
+    int		new_def_function = FALSE;
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+    int		prof_lnum = -1;
+#endif
+    int		debug_lnum = -1;
+
+    // allocated lines are freed at the end
+    ga_init2(&lines_to_free, sizeof(char_u *), 50);
+
+    // When using a function that was compiled before: Free old instructions.
+    // The index is reused.  Otherwise add a new entry in "def_functions".
+    if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx > 0)
+    {
+	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+	isn_T	*instr_dest = NULL;
+
+	switch (compile_type)
+	{
+	    case CT_PROFILE:
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+			    instr_dest = dfunc->df_instr_prof; break;
+#endif
+	    case CT_NONE:   instr_dest = dfunc->df_instr; break;
+	    case CT_DEBUG:  instr_dest = dfunc->df_instr_debug; break;
+	}
+	if (instr_dest != NULL)
+	    // Was compiled in this mode before: Free old instructions.
+	    delete_def_function_contents(dfunc, FALSE);
+	ga_clear_strings(&dfunc->df_var_names);
+	dfunc->df_defer_var_idx = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	if (add_def_function(ufunc) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	new_def_function = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    if ((ufunc->uf_flags & FC_CLOSURE) && outer_cctx == NULL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_compiling_closure_without_context_str),
+						   printable_func_name(ufunc));
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_COMPILING;
+
+    CLEAR_FIELD(cctx);
+
+    cctx.ctx_compile_type = compile_type;
+    cctx.ctx_ufunc = ufunc;
+    cctx.ctx_lnum = -1;
+    cctx.ctx_outer = outer_cctx;
+    ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_locals, sizeof(lvar_T), 10);
+    // Each entry on the type stack consists of two type pointers.
+    ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_type_stack, sizeof(type2_T), 50);
+    cctx.ctx_type_list = &ufunc->uf_type_list;
+    ga_init2(&cctx.ctx_instr, sizeof(isn_T), 50);
+    instr = &cctx.ctx_instr;
+
+    // Set the context to the function, it may be compiled when called from
+    // another script.  Set the script version to the most modern one.
+    // The line number will be set in next_line_from_context().
+    current_sctx = ufunc->uf_script_ctx;
+    current_sctx.sc_version = SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9;
+
+    // Don't use the flag from ":legacy" here.
+    cmdmod.cmod_flags &= ~CMOD_LEGACY;
+
+    // Make sure error messages are OK.
+    do_estack_push = !estack_top_is_ufunc(ufunc, 1);
+    if (do_estack_push)
+	estack_push_ufunc(ufunc, 1);
+    estack_compiling = TRUE;
+
+    if (check_args_shadowing(ufunc, &cctx) == FAIL)
+	goto erret;
+
+    // For an object method and constructor "this" is the first local variable.
+    if (ufunc->uf_flags & (FC_OBJECT|FC_NEW))
+    {
+	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+	if (GA_GROW_FAILS(&dfunc->df_var_names, 1))
+	    goto erret;
+	((char_u **)dfunc->df_var_names.ga_data)[0] =
+						 vim_strsave((char_u *)"this");
+	++dfunc->df_var_names.ga_len;
+
+	// In the constructor allocate memory for the object and initialize the
+	// object members.
+	if (IS_CONSTRUCTOR_METHOD(ufunc))
+	{
+	    generate_CONSTRUCT(&cctx, ufunc->uf_class);
+
+	    for (int i = 0; i < ufunc->uf_class->class_obj_member_count; ++i)
+	    {
+		ocmember_T *m = &ufunc->uf_class->class_obj_members[i];
+		if (m->ocm_init != NULL)
+		{
+		    char_u *expr = m->ocm_init;
+		    if (compile_expr0(&expr, &cctx) == FAIL)
+			goto erret;
+		    if (!ends_excmd2(m->ocm_init, expr))
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_trailing_characters_str), expr);
+			goto erret;
+		    }
+
+		    type_T	*type = get_type_on_stack(&cctx, 0);
+		    if (m->ocm_type->tt_type == VAR_ANY
+			    && !(m->ocm_flags & OCMFLAG_HAS_TYPE)
+			    && type->tt_type != VAR_SPECIAL)
+		    {
+			// If the member variable type is not yet set, then use
+			// the initialization expression type.
+			m->ocm_type = type;
+		    }
+		    else if (m->ocm_type->tt_type != type->tt_type)
+		    {
+			// The type of the member initialization expression is
+			// determined at run time.  Add a runtime type check.
+			where_T	where = WHERE_INIT;
+			where.wt_kind = WT_MEMBER;
+			where.wt_func_name = (char *)m->ocm_name;
+			if (need_type_where(type, m->ocm_type, FALSE, -1,
+				    where, &cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+			    goto erret;
+		    }
+		}
+		else
+		    push_default_value(&cctx, m->ocm_type->tt_type,
+								  FALSE, NULL);
+		generate_STORE_THIS(&cctx, i);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len > 0)
+    {
+	int	count = ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len;
+	int	first_def_arg = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len - count;
+	int	i;
+	int	off = STACK_FRAME_SIZE + (ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL ? 1 : 0);
+	int	did_set_arg_type = FALSE;
+
+	// Produce instructions for the default values of optional arguments.
+	SOURCING_LNUM = 0;  // line number unknown
+	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+	{
+	    char_u *arg = ((char_u **)(ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_data))[i];
+	    if (STRCMP(arg, "v:none") == 0)
+		// "arg = v:none" means the argument is optional without
+		// setting a value when the argument is missing.
+		continue;
+
+	    type_T	*val_type;
+	    int		arg_idx = first_def_arg + i;
+	    where_T	where = WHERE_INIT;
+	    int		jump_instr_idx = instr->ga_len;
+	    isn_T	*isn;
+
+	    // Use a JUMP_IF_ARG_SET instruction to skip if the value was given.
+	    if (generate_JUMP_IF_ARG(&cctx, ISN_JUMP_IF_ARG_SET,
+						      i - count - off) == FAIL)
+		goto erret;
+
+	    // Make sure later arguments are not found.
+	    ufunc->uf_args_visible = arg_idx;
+
+	    int r = compile_expr0(&arg, &cctx);
+	    if (r == FAIL)
+		goto erret;
+
+	    // If no type specified use the type of the default value.
+	    // Otherwise check that the default value type matches the
+	    // specified type.
+	    val_type = get_type_on_stack(&cctx, 0);
+	    where.wt_index = arg_idx + 1;
+	    where.wt_kind = WT_ARGUMENT;
+	    if (ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx] == &t_unknown)
+	    {
+		did_set_arg_type = TRUE;
+		ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx] = val_type;
+	    }
+	    else if (need_type_where(val_type, ufunc->uf_arg_types[arg_idx],
+				FALSE, -1, where, &cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		goto erret;
+
+	    if (generate_STORE(&cctx, ISN_STORE, i - count - off, NULL) == FAIL)
+		goto erret;
+
+	    // set instruction index in JUMP_IF_ARG_SET to here
+	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + jump_instr_idx;
+	    isn->isn_arg.jumparg.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+
+	if (did_set_arg_type)
+	    set_function_type(ufunc);
+    }
+    ufunc->uf_args_visible = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len;
+
+    // Compiling a function in an interface is done to get the function type.
+    // No code is actually compiled.
+    if (ufunc->uf_class != NULL
+			   && (ufunc->uf_class->class_flags & CLASS_INTERFACE))
+    {
+	ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_NOT_COMPILED;
+	ret = OK;
+	goto erret;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Loop over all the lines of the function and generate instructions.
+     */
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	exarg_T	    ea;
+	int	    starts_with_colon = FALSE;
+	char_u	    *cmd;
+	cmdmod_T    local_cmdmod;
+
+	// Bail out on the first error to avoid a flood of errors and report
+	// the right line number when inside try/catch.
+	if (did_emsg_before != did_emsg)
+	    goto erret;
+
+	if (line != NULL && *line == '|')
+	    // the line continues after a '|'
+	    ++line;
+	else if (line != NULL && *skipwhite(line) != NUL
+		&& !(*line == '#' && (line == cctx.ctx_line_start
+						    || VIM_ISWHITE(line[-1]))))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_trailing_characters_str), line);
+	    goto erret;
+	}
+	else if (line != NULL && vim9_bad_comment(skipwhite(line)))
+	    goto erret;
+	else
+	{
+	    line = next_line_from_context(&cctx, FALSE);
+	    if (cctx.ctx_lnum >= ufunc->uf_lines.ga_len)
+	    {
+		// beyond the last line
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+		if (cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+		    may_generate_prof_end(&cctx, prof_lnum);
+#endif
+		break;
+	    }
+	    // Make a copy, splitting off nextcmd and removing trailing spaces
+	    // may change it.
+	    if (line != NULL)
+	    {
+		line = vim_strsave(line);
+		if (ga_add_string(&lines_to_free, line) == FAIL)
+		    goto erret;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	CLEAR_FIELD(ea);
+	ea.cmdlinep = &line;
+	ea.cmd = skipwhite(line);
+	ea.skip = cctx.ctx_skip == SKIP_YES;
+
+	if (*ea.cmd == '#')
+	{
+	    // "#" starts a comment, but "#{" is an error
+	    if (vim9_bad_comment(ea.cmd))
+		goto erret;
+	    line = (char_u *)"";
+	    continue;
+	}
+
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+	if (cctx.ctx_compile_type == CT_PROFILE && cctx.ctx_lnum != prof_lnum
+						  && cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+	{
+	    may_generate_prof_end(&cctx, prof_lnum);
+
+	    prof_lnum = cctx.ctx_lnum;
+	    generate_instr(&cctx, ISN_PROF_START);
+	}
+#endif
+	if (cctx.ctx_compile_type == CT_DEBUG && cctx.ctx_lnum != debug_lnum
+						  && cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+	{
+	    debug_lnum = cctx.ctx_lnum;
+	    generate_instr_debug(&cctx);
+	}
+	cctx.ctx_prev_lnum = cctx.ctx_lnum + 1;
+
+	// Some things can be recognized by the first character.
+	switch (*ea.cmd)
+	{
+	    case '}':
+		{
+		    // "}" ends a block scope
+		    scopetype_T stype = cctx.ctx_scope == NULL
+					  ? NO_SCOPE : cctx.ctx_scope->se_type;
+
+		    if (stype == BLOCK_SCOPE)
+		    {
+			compile_endblock(&cctx);
+			line = ea.cmd;
+		    }
+		    else
+		    {
+			emsg(_(e_using_rcurly_outside_if_block_scope));
+			goto erret;
+		    }
+		    if (line != NULL)
+			line = skipwhite(ea.cmd + 1);
+		    continue;
+		}
+
+	    case '{':
+		// "{" starts a block scope
+		// "{'a': 1}->func() is something else
+		if (ends_excmd(*skipwhite(ea.cmd + 1)))
+		{
+		    line = compile_block(ea.cmd, &cctx);
+		    continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * COMMAND MODIFIERS
+	 */
+	cctx.ctx_has_cmdmod = FALSE;
+	if (parse_command_modifiers(&ea, &errormsg, &local_cmdmod, FALSE)
+								       == FAIL)
+	    goto erret;
+	generate_cmdmods(&cctx, &local_cmdmod);
+	undo_cmdmod(&local_cmdmod);
+
+	// Check if there was a colon after the last command modifier or before
+	// the current position.
+	for (p = ea.cmd; p >= line; --p)
+	{
+	    if (*p == ':')
+		starts_with_colon = TRUE;
+	    if (p < ea.cmd && !VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
+		break;
+	}
+
+	// Skip ":call" to get to the function name, unless using :legacy
+	p = ea.cmd;
+	if (!(local_cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_LEGACY))
+	{
+	    if (checkforcmd(&ea.cmd, "call", 3))
+	    {
+		if (*ea.cmd == '(')
+		    // not for "call()"
+		    ea.cmd = p;
+		else
+		    ea.cmd = skipwhite(ea.cmd);
+	    }
+
+	    if (!starts_with_colon)
+	    {
+		int	    assign;
+
+		// Check for assignment after command modifiers.
+		assign = may_compile_assignment(&ea, &line, &cctx);
+		if (assign == OK)
+		    goto nextline;
+		if (assign == FAIL)
+		    goto erret;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * COMMAND after range
+	 * 'text'->func() should not be confused with 'a mark
+	 * 0z1234->func() should not be confused with a zero line number
+	 * "++nr" and "--nr" are eval commands
+	 * in "$ENV->func()" the "$" is not a range
+	 * "123->func()" is a method call
+	 */
+	cmd = ea.cmd;
+	if ((*cmd != '$' || starts_with_colon)
+		&& (starts_with_colon
+		    || !(*cmd == '\''
+			|| (cmd[0] == '0' && cmd[1] == 'z')
+			|| (cmd[0] != NUL && cmd[0] == cmd[1]
+					    && (*cmd == '+' || *cmd == '-'))
+			|| number_method(cmd))))
+	{
+	    ea.cmd = skip_range(ea.cmd, TRUE, NULL);
+	    if (ea.cmd > cmd)
+	    {
+		if (!starts_with_colon
+				   && !(local_cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_LEGACY))
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_colon_required_before_range_str), cmd);
+		    goto erret;
+		}
+		ea.addr_count = 1;
+		if (ends_excmd2(line, ea.cmd))
+		{
+		    // A range without a command: jump to the line.
+		    generate_EXEC(&cctx, ISN_EXECRANGE,
+					      vim_strnsave(cmd, ea.cmd - cmd));
+		    line = ea.cmd;
+		    goto nextline;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	p = find_ex_command(&ea, NULL,
+		starts_with_colon || (local_cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_LEGACY)
+						  ? NULL : item_exists, &cctx);
+
+	if (p == NULL)
+	{
+	    if (cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+		semsg(_(e_ambiguous_use_of_user_defined_command_str), ea.cmd);
+	    goto erret;
+	}
+
+	// When using ":legacy cmd" always use compile_exec().
+	if (local_cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_LEGACY)
+	{
+	    char_u *start = ea.cmd;
+
+	    switch (ea.cmdidx)
+	    {
+		case CMD_if:
+		case CMD_elseif:
+		case CMD_else:
+		case CMD_endif:
+		case CMD_for:
+		case CMD_endfor:
+		case CMD_continue:
+		case CMD_break:
+		case CMD_while:
+		case CMD_endwhile:
+		case CMD_try:
+		case CMD_catch:
+		case CMD_finally:
+		case CMD_endtry:
+			semsg(_(e_cannot_use_legacy_with_command_str), ea.cmd);
+			goto erret;
+		default: break;
+	    }
+
+	    // ":legacy return expr" needs to be handled differently.
+	    if (checkforcmd(&start, "return", 4))
+		ea.cmdidx = CMD_return;
+	    else
+		ea.cmdidx = CMD_legacy;
+	}
+
+	if (p == ea.cmd && ea.cmdidx != CMD_SIZE)
+	{
+	    // "eval" is used for "val->func()" and "var" for "var = val", then
+	    // "p" is equal to "ea.cmd" for a valid command.
+	    if (ea.cmdidx == CMD_eval || ea.cmdidx == CMD_var)
+		;
+	    else if (cctx.ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	    {
+		line += STRLEN(line);
+		goto nextline;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_command_not_recognized_str), ea.cmd);
+		goto erret;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if ((cctx.ctx_had_return || cctx.ctx_had_throw)
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_elseif
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_else
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_endif
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_endfor
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_endwhile
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_catch
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_finally
+		&& ea.cmdidx != CMD_endtry
+		&& !ignore_unreachable_code_for_testing)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_unreachable_code_after_str),
+				     cctx.ctx_had_return ? "return" : "throw");
+	    goto erret;
+	}
+	cctx.ctx_had_throw = FALSE;
+
+	p = skipwhite(p);
+	if (ea.cmdidx != CMD_SIZE
+			    && ea.cmdidx != CMD_write && ea.cmdidx != CMD_read)
+	{
+	    if (ea.cmdidx >= 0)
+		ea.argt = excmd_get_argt(ea.cmdidx);
+	    if ((ea.argt & EX_BANG) && *p == '!')
+	    {
+		ea.forceit = TRUE;
+		p = skipwhite(p + 1);
+	    }
+	    if ((ea.argt & EX_RANGE) == 0 && ea.addr_count > 0)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_no_range_allowed));
+		goto erret;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	switch (ea.cmdidx)
+	{
+	    case CMD_def:
+	    case CMD_function:
+		    ea.arg = p;
+		    line = compile_nested_function(&ea, &cctx, &lines_to_free);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_return:
+		    line = compile_return(p, check_return_type,
+				 local_cmdmod.cmod_flags & CMOD_LEGACY, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = TRUE;
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_let:
+		    emsg(_(e_cannot_use_let_in_vim9_script));
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_var:
+	    case CMD_final:
+	    case CMD_const:
+	    case CMD_increment:
+	    case CMD_decrement:
+		    line = compile_assignment(p, &ea, ea.cmdidx, &cctx);
+		    if (line == p)
+		    {
+			emsg(_(e_invalid_assignment));
+			line = NULL;
+		    }
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_unlet:
+	    case CMD_unlockvar:
+	    case CMD_lockvar:
+		    line = compile_unletlock(p, &ea, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_import:
+		    emsg(_(e_import_can_only_be_used_in_script));
+		    line = NULL;
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_if:
+		    line = compile_if(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_elseif:
+		    line = compile_elseif(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_else:
+		    line = compile_else(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_endif:
+		    line = compile_endif(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_while:
+		    line = compile_while(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_endwhile:
+		    line = compile_endwhile(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_for:
+		    line = compile_for(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_endfor:
+		    line = compile_endfor(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_continue:
+		    line = compile_continue(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_break:
+		    line = compile_break(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_try:
+		    line = compile_try(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_catch:
+		    line = compile_catch(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_finally:
+		    line = compile_finally(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_return = FALSE;
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_endtry:
+		    line = compile_endtry(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	    case CMD_throw:
+		    line = compile_throw(p, &cctx);
+		    cctx.ctx_had_throw = TRUE;
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_eval:
+		    line = compile_eval(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_defer:
+		    line = compile_defer(p, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+#ifdef HAS_MESSAGE_WINDOW
+	    case CMD_echowindow:
+		    {
+			long cmd_count = get_cmd_count(line, &ea);
+			if (cmd_count < 0)
+			    line = NULL;
+			else
+			    line = compile_mult_expr(p, ea.cmdidx,
+							     cmd_count, &cctx);
+		    }
+		    break;
+#endif
+	    case CMD_echo:
+	    case CMD_echon:
+	    case CMD_echoconsole:
+	    case CMD_echoerr:
+	    case CMD_echomsg:
+	    case CMD_execute:
+		    line = compile_mult_expr(p, ea.cmdidx, 0, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_put:
+		    ea.cmd = cmd;
+		    line = compile_put(p, &ea, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_substitute:
+		    if (check_global_and_subst(ea.cmd, p) == FAIL)
+			goto erret;
+		    if (cctx.ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+			line = (char_u *)"";
+		    else
+		    {
+			ea.arg = p;
+			line = compile_substitute(line, &ea, &cctx);
+		    }
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_redir:
+		    ea.arg = p;
+		    line = compile_redir(line, &ea, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_cexpr:
+	    case CMD_lexpr:
+	    case CMD_caddexpr:
+	    case CMD_laddexpr:
+	    case CMD_cgetexpr:
+	    case CMD_lgetexpr:
+#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
+		    ea.arg = p;
+		    line = compile_cexpr(line, &ea, &cctx);
+#else
+		    ex_ni(&ea);
+		    line = NULL;
+#endif
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_append:
+	    case CMD_change:
+	    case CMD_insert:
+	    case CMD_k:
+	    case CMD_t:
+	    case CMD_xit:
+		    not_in_vim9(&ea);
+		    goto erret;
+
+	    case CMD_SIZE:
+		    if (cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+		    {
+			semsg(_(e_invalid_command_str), ea.cmd);
+			goto erret;
+		    }
+		    // We don't check for a next command here.
+		    line = (char_u *)"";
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_lua:
+	    case CMD_mzscheme:
+	    case CMD_perl:
+	    case CMD_py3:
+	    case CMD_python3:
+	    case CMD_python:
+	    case CMD_pythonx:
+	    case CMD_ruby:
+	    case CMD_tcl:
+		    ea.arg = p;
+		    if (vim_strchr(line, '\n') == NULL)
+			line = compile_exec(line, &ea, &cctx);
+		    else
+			// heredoc lines have been concatenated with NL
+			// characters in get_function_body()
+			line = compile_script(line, &cctx);
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_vim9script:
+		    if (cctx.ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+		    {
+			emsg(_(e_vim9script_can_only_be_used_in_script));
+			goto erret;
+		    }
+		    line = (char_u *)"";
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_type:
+		    emsg(_(e_type_can_only_be_used_in_script));
+		    goto erret;
+		    break;
+
+	    case CMD_global:
+		    if (check_global_and_subst(ea.cmd, p) == FAIL)
+			goto erret;
+		    // FALLTHROUGH
+	    default:
+		    // Not recognized, execute with do_cmdline_cmd().
+		    ea.arg = p;
+		    line = compile_exec(line, &ea, &cctx);
+		    break;
+	}
+nextline:
+	if (line == NULL)
+	    goto erret;
+	line = skipwhite(line);
+
+	// Undo any command modifiers.
+	generate_undo_cmdmods(&cctx);
+
+	if (cctx.ctx_type_stack.ga_len < 0)
+	{
+	    iemsg("Type stack underflow");
+	    goto erret;
+	}
+    } // END of the loop over all the function body lines.
+
+    if (cctx.ctx_scope != NULL)
+    {
+	if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == IF_SCOPE)
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_endif));
+	else if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == WHILE_SCOPE)
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_endwhile));
+	else if (cctx.ctx_scope->se_type == FOR_SCOPE)
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_endfor));
+	else
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_rcurly));
+	goto erret;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: if a function ends in "throw" but there was a return elsewhere we
+    // should not assume the return type is "void".
+    if (!cctx.ctx_had_return && !cctx.ctx_had_throw)
+    {
+	if (ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	    ufunc->uf_ret_type = &t_void;
+	else if (ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type != VAR_VOID
+		&& !IS_CONSTRUCTOR_METHOD(ufunc))
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_return_statement));
+	    goto erret;
+	}
+
+	// Return void if there is no return at the end.
+	// For a constructor return the object.
+	if (IS_CONSTRUCTOR_METHOD(ufunc))
+	{
+	    generate_instr(&cctx, ISN_RETURN_OBJECT);
+	    ufunc->uf_ret_type = &ufunc->uf_class->class_object_type;
+	}
+	else
+	    generate_instr(&cctx, ISN_RETURN_VOID);
+    }
+
+    // When compiled with ":silent!" and there was an error don't consider the
+    // function compiled.
+    if (emsg_silent == 0 || did_emsg_silent == did_emsg_silent_before)
+    {
+	dfunc_T	*dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+	dfunc->df_deleted = FALSE;
+	dfunc->df_script_seq = current_sctx.sc_seq;
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+	if (cctx.ctx_compile_type == CT_PROFILE)
+	{
+	    dfunc->df_instr_prof = instr->ga_data;
+	    dfunc->df_instr_prof_count = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+	else
+#endif
+	if (cctx.ctx_compile_type == CT_DEBUG)
+	{
+	    dfunc->df_instr_debug = instr->ga_data;
+	    dfunc->df_instr_debug_count = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    dfunc->df_instr = instr->ga_data;
+	    dfunc->df_instr_count = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+	dfunc->df_varcount = dfunc->df_var_names.ga_len;
+	dfunc->df_has_closure = cctx.ctx_has_closure;
+
+	if (cctx.ctx_outer_used)
+	{
+	    ufunc->uf_flags |= FC_CLOSURE;
+	    if (outer_cctx != NULL)
+		++outer_cctx->ctx_closure_count;
+	}
+
+	ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_COMPILED;
+    }
+
+    ret = OK;
+
+erret:
+    if (ufunc->uf_def_status == UF_COMPILING)
+    {
+	dfunc_T	*dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+							 + ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+
+	// Compiling aborted, free the generated instructions.
+	clear_instr_ga(instr);
+	VIM_CLEAR(dfunc->df_name);
+	ga_clear_strings(&dfunc->df_var_names);
+
+	// If using the last entry in the table and it was added above, we
+	// might as well remove it.
+	if (!dfunc->df_deleted && new_def_function
+			    && ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx == def_functions.ga_len - 1)
+	{
+	    --def_functions.ga_len;
+	    ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx = 0;
+	}
+	ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_COMPILE_ERROR;
+
+	while (cctx.ctx_scope != NULL)
+	    drop_scope(&cctx);
+
+	if (errormsg != NULL)
+	    emsg(errormsg);
+	else if (did_emsg == did_emsg_before)
+	    emsg(_(e_compiling_def_function_failed));
+    }
+
+    if (cctx.ctx_redir_lhs.lhs_name != NULL)
+    {
+	if (ret == OK)
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_missing_redir_end));
+	    ret = FAIL;
+	}
+	vim_free(cctx.ctx_redir_lhs.lhs_name);
+	vim_free(cctx.ctx_redir_lhs.lhs_whole);
+    }
+
+    current_sctx = save_current_sctx;
+    estack_compiling = save_estack_compiling;
+    cmdmod.cmod_flags =	save_cmod_flags;
+    if (do_estack_push)
+	estack_pop();
+
+    ga_clear_strings(&lines_to_free);
+    free_locals(&cctx);
+    ga_clear(&cctx.ctx_type_stack);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+    void
+set_function_type(ufunc_T *ufunc)
+{
+    int varargs = ufunc->uf_va_name != NULL;
+    int argcount = ufunc->uf_args.ga_len;
+
+    // Create a type for the function, with the return type and any
+    // argument types.
+    // A vararg is included in uf_args.ga_len but not in uf_arg_types.
+    // The type is included in "tt_args".
+    if (argcount > 0 || varargs)
+    {
+	if (ufunc->uf_type_list.ga_itemsize == 0)
+	    ga_init2(&ufunc->uf_type_list, sizeof(type_T *), 10);
+	ufunc->uf_func_type = alloc_func_type(ufunc->uf_ret_type,
+					   argcount, &ufunc->uf_type_list);
+	// Add argument types to the function type.
+	if (func_type_add_arg_types(ufunc->uf_func_type,
+				    argcount + varargs,
+				    &ufunc->uf_type_list) == FAIL)
+	    return;
+	ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_argcount = argcount + varargs;
+	ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_min_argcount =
+				      argcount - ufunc->uf_def_args.ga_len;
+	if (ufunc->uf_arg_types == NULL)
+	{
+	    int i;
+
+	    // lambda does not have argument types.
+	    for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
+		ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args[i] = &t_any;
+	}
+	else
+	    mch_memmove(ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args,
+			 ufunc->uf_arg_types, sizeof(type_T *) * argcount);
+	if (varargs)
+	{
+	    ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_args[argcount] =
+		   ufunc->uf_va_type == NULL ? &t_list_any : ufunc->uf_va_type;
+	    ufunc->uf_func_type->tt_flags = TTFLAG_VARARGS;
+	}
+    }
+    else
+	// No arguments, can use a predefined type.
+	ufunc->uf_func_type = get_func_type(ufunc->uf_ret_type,
+					   argcount, &ufunc->uf_type_list);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free all instructions for "dfunc" except df_name.
+ */
+    static void
+delete_def_function_contents(dfunc_T *dfunc, int mark_deleted)
+{
+    int idx;
+
+    // In same cases the instructions may refer to a class in which the
+    // function is defined and unreferencing the class may call back here
+    // recursively.  Set the df_delete_busy to avoid problems.
+    if (dfunc->df_delete_busy)
+	return;
+    dfunc->df_delete_busy = TRUE;
+
+    ga_clear(&dfunc->df_def_args_isn);
+    ga_clear_strings(&dfunc->df_var_names);
+
+    if (dfunc->df_instr != NULL)
+    {
+	for (idx = 0; idx < dfunc->df_instr_count; ++idx)
+	    delete_instr(dfunc->df_instr + idx);
+	VIM_CLEAR(dfunc->df_instr);
+    }
+    if (dfunc->df_instr_debug != NULL)
+    {
+	for (idx = 0; idx < dfunc->df_instr_debug_count; ++idx)
+	    delete_instr(dfunc->df_instr_debug + idx);
+	VIM_CLEAR(dfunc->df_instr_debug);
+    }
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+    if (dfunc->df_instr_prof != NULL)
+    {
+	for (idx = 0; idx < dfunc->df_instr_prof_count; ++idx)
+	    delete_instr(dfunc->df_instr_prof + idx);
+	VIM_CLEAR(dfunc->df_instr_prof);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (mark_deleted)
+	dfunc->df_deleted = TRUE;
+    if (dfunc->df_ufunc != NULL)
+	dfunc->df_ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_NOT_COMPILED;
+
+    dfunc->df_delete_busy = FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When a user function is deleted, clear the contents of any associated def
+ * function, unless another user function still uses it.
+ * The position in def_functions can be re-used.
+ */
+    void
+unlink_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc)
+{
+    if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx <= 0)
+	return;
+
+    dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+	+ ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+
+    if (--dfunc->df_refcount <= 0)
+	delete_def_function_contents(dfunc, TRUE);
+    ufunc->uf_def_status = UF_NOT_COMPILED;
+    ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx = 0;
+    if (dfunc->df_ufunc == ufunc)
+	dfunc->df_ufunc = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Used when a user function refers to an existing dfunc.
+ */
+    void
+link_def_function(ufunc_T *ufunc)
+{
+    if (ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx <= 0)
+	return;
+
+    dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data)
+	+ ufunc->uf_dfunc_idx;
+
+    ++dfunc->df_refcount;
+}
+
+#if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Free all functions defined with ":def".
+ */
+    void
+free_def_functions(void)
+{
+    int idx;
+
+    for (idx = 0; idx < def_functions.ga_len; ++idx)
+    {
+	dfunc_T *dfunc = ((dfunc_T *)def_functions.ga_data) + idx;
+
+	delete_def_function_contents(dfunc, TRUE);
+	vim_free(dfunc->df_name);
+    }
+
+    ga_clear(&def_functions);
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#endif // FEAT_EVAL